CN105466212B - 一种垂直换热式合金烘烤炉*** - Google Patents
一种垂直换热式合金烘烤炉*** Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种垂直换热式合金烘烤炉***,包括烘烤炉、料斗和平车,在烘烤炉的内部平行设置有两根轨道,在烘烤炉的炉顶上安装有数个烧嘴,烘烤炉的下方设置有与烘烤炉相贯通的风道,风道内平行布置有引风管,在平车上设置有数个出风口,出风口与引风管相互连通。本发明不仅大幅度的提高了换热的效率,烘烤的后的合金温度均匀,烘烤的效果显著,而且整个的烘烤过程中烘烤的时间短、燃气和电能的消耗量小,运行的成本低,具有投资低、工艺合理、容易操作的特点,能很好的解决了当下许多钢铁企业实现成本低、高效铁合金烘烤工艺的难题,能产生较好的经济效益,易于推广使用。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于转炉炼钢设备技术领域,具体涉及一种垂直换热式合金烘烤炉***。
背景技术
合金是炼钢用的重要原料,合金中的水分含量直接影响钢水质量和出钢温度,为此,合金材料需要进行烘烤后才从能使用,合金烘烤一方面的作用是为了去除水分,减少钢种水的氢含量,另一方面可减少加入钢水过程中钢水的降温,避免增加能耗,所以,合金烘烤工艺在钢的冶炼过程中得到非常普遍的应用。现在,大多数炼钢企业对合金烘烤都采用合金烘烤炉,合金烘烤炉的工作原理是,根据实际的生产工况,燃烧室内产生一定的温度、一定产量的高温混合气体,该气体通过输送通道,被送至合金烘烤炉内,高温气体在合金烘烤炉内与合金原料进行充分的换热,从而实现合金加热的目的。目前,合金烘烤炉***常用的结构形式是,烘烤炉的侧面上设置有多个烧嘴,烘烤炉的顶部设置有烟囱排放口,需要对合金原料进行烘烤时,先将合金原料放入料斗内,通过平车将装有合金原料的料斗送入到烘烤炉内,然后利用鼓风机从烘烤炉侧面的烧嘴内通入高温气体,利用两侧的高温气流对合金进行加热。上述的合金烘烤炉***在实际的使用过程中发现,由于高温气体是从炉膛的两侧进入到炉内进行加热,依靠两侧的气流对合金原料进行加热,当合金原料的密度较大时,高温气流受合金原料的抑制,不能完全或者无法的对合金进行加热,使得合金原料与高温气体不能正常进行换热,高温烟气无法流动、温度分布不均匀、换热的效率低,烘烤的效果不理想,而且为了达到合金的烘烤温度,需要通入大量的高温气体,无形中就造成了大量燃气、电能等的浪费,在工艺上和经济上均存在一定的不合理性。因此,研制开发一种结构紧凑合理、操作简单、容易掌握、能耗低、运行成本低、运行可靠、换热效率高、烘烤效果好、保温效果显著、烘烤充分、均匀的垂直换热式合金烘烤炉***是客观需要的。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种结构紧凑合理、操作简单、容易掌握、能耗低、运行成本低、运行可靠、换热效率高、烘烤效果好、保温效果显著、烘烤充分、均匀的垂直换热式合金烘烤炉***。
本发明的目的是这样实现的,包括烘烤炉、料斗和平车,烘烤炉包括炉顶和四周的炉墙,其中一侧的炉墙上设置有升降炉门,炉顶上安装有数个烧嘴,在烘烤炉的内部平行设置有两根轨道,平车放置在轨道上,平车在驱动机构的作用下能沿着轨道往复移动,烘烤炉的下方设置有与烘烤炉相贯通的风道,风道内平行布置有引风管,引风管的一端设置有引风机,引风管的顶部设置有数个锥形结构的进气口,在平车上设置有数个与烧嘴数量相对应的出风口,出风口的形状为漏斗状,出风口的小端与进气口的大端连通且出风口的小端直径大于进气口的大端直径。
本发明通过对出风口和对烧嘴的合理布置,让加热后的高温气体从顶部进入,加强了炉内的空气对流,加快了高温气体的流动速度,使得高温气体的流动顺畅、穿透力强,完全能够对合金原料进行全方位的加热,让合金烘烤的温度更加充分和均匀,同时整个的烘烤过程采用垂直换热的烘烤方式,不仅大幅度的提高了换热的效率,烘烤的后的合金温度均匀,保证合金均匀脱水、合金无熔化和结坨的现象,烘烤的效果显著,而且整个的烘烤过程中烘烤的时间短、燃气和电能的消耗量小,运行的成本低,本发明具有投资低、工艺合理、容易操作的特点,能很好的解决了当下许多钢铁企业实现成本低、高效铁合金烘烤工艺的难题,与常规的铁合金烘烤炉生产手段相比有着无可比拟的优势,达到了投资的、烘烤效果显著、保温效果好、使用安全、能耗低、运行稳定可靠等多重作用,能产生较好的经济效益,易于推广使用。
附图说明
图1为本发明的整体结构示意图;
图2为图1 的侧视图;
图3为驱动机构的结构示意图;
图中:1-风道,2-引风机,3-烘烤炉,4-料斗,5-限位挡板,6-烧嘴,7-升降炉门,8-平车,9-轨道,10-主动链轮,11-出风口,12-进气口,13-引风管,14-从动链轮,15-沉降室,16-过滤网,17-滚子链条,18-电机,19-联轴器,20-减速机。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步的说明,但不以任何方式对本发明加以限制,基于本发明教导所作的任何变更或改进,均属于本发明的保护范围。
如图1~3所示,本发明包括烘烤炉3、料斗4和平车8,烘烤炉3包括炉顶和四周的炉墙,其中一侧的炉墙上设置有升降炉门7,炉顶上安装有数个烧嘴6,在烘烤炉3的内部平行设置有两根轨道9,平车8放置在轨道9上,平车8在驱动机构的作用下能沿着轨道9往复移动,烘烤炉3的下方设置有与烘烤炉3相贯通的风道1,风道1内平行布置有引风管13,引风管13的一端设置有引风机2,引风管13的顶部设置有数个锥形结构的进气口12,在平车8上设置有数个与烧嘴6数量相对应的出风口11,出风口11的形状为漏斗状,出风口11的小端与进气口12的大端连通且出风口11的小端直径大于进气口12的大端直径。
进一步的,所述驱动机构包括电机18、联轴器19、减速机20、主动链轮10、从动链轮14和滚子链条17,电机18、联轴器19、减速机20和主动链轮10安装布置在烘烤炉3外,从动链轮14安装在烘烤炉3内,滚子链条17的一端缠绕在从动链轮14上并与平车8的上表面铰接连接,滚子链条17的另一端缠绕在主动链轮10上并与平车8的上表面铰接连接。,该驱动机构在保证平车运行平稳的情况下,还能经受住炉内的高温环境,不仅使用的寿命长,且后期的维护方便、检修成本低。
进一步的,所述引风管13的底部设置出气口,出气口的端部设置有沉降室15,是了避免合金和加热气体进行热交换后,换热后的冷气中难免会有灰尘、粉末夹带,设置沉降室15的目的是为了收集、回收冷气中的灰尘和粉末夹带。
进一步的,所述进气口12上安装有自动控制出风量的过滤网16,是为了防止料斗在输送换热的过程中,防止合金原料掉落在引风管内,造成不必要的清理负担.
进一步的,所述平车8上方的料斗4两侧安装有限位挡板5,是为了保证料斗在平车8输送的过程中,不易发生偏移、漏料的现象,以保证设备稳定、可靠的运行。
优选地,所述炉顶上平行设置有两排烧嘴6,每排烧嘴6的数量是4~8个,所述平车8上设置有两排出风口11,每排出风口11的数量为4~8个,每排出风口11底部连通有1根引风管13,这种布置一方面效的保证了烘烤的效果,另一方面烘烤炉3的结构更加紧凑,使用起来也比较方面、有效。
进一步的,为了实现较好的保温效果,所述烘烤炉3的炉墙和炉顶由外到内依次设置有外表层、保温层和隔热层,优选地,所述外表层为5~8mm厚的普通钢板与大型工字钢框架焊接而成,所述保温层为200~300mm厚的纤维毡,所述隔热层为耐火砖。
本发明的工作过程是:先将装有合金原料的料斗4提放在平车8上,然后升降炉门7上的压紧机构松开升降炉门7,升降炉门7上的升降机构驱动升降炉门7上升,此时,驱动机构中的电机18正转,带动减速机20转动,从而滚子链条17在主动链轮10和从动链轮14的作用下,带着平车8沿着轨道9将平车8送入到烘烤炉3内,然后升降炉门7的升降机构驱动升降炉门7下降到下限位置,升降炉门7的压紧机构在将升降炉门7压紧,最后加热后的高温气体从炉顶上的各个烧嘴6性炉顶垂直进入到烘烤炉3内,由于平车8的下方设置有出风口11,加强了炉内空气对流的速度,使得进入到炉内的高温气体就会连续的自上而下流动,流动的速度快,穿透的能力强,完全能让料斗4内的合金原料得到全方位的加热,保证合金和高温气体的换热均匀,换热后的冷气体则通过平车8下方的出风口11从进气口12进入到引风管13内,进入引风管13内的冷气体则在引风机2的作用下从排气管排出,而冷气体中夹带的粉尘、杂质则通过出气口进入到沉降室15内,当烘烤炉3内的合金原料加热到所需温度时,停止向烧嘴6内通入高温气体,让升降炉门7上的压紧机构松开升降炉门7,升降炉门7上的升降机构驱动升降炉门7上升,此时,电机18正转,带动减速机20转动,从而滚子链条17在主动链轮10和从动链轮14的作用下,带着平车8沿着轨道9将平车8推出烘烤炉,取走平车8上的料斗4,再次将装有合金原料的料斗4提上平车8,即可进行下一轮的烘烤工作。该烘烤***不仅换烘烤的效果好、而且烘烤的时间短,烘烤的效率高。还能节能降耗,节约成本,能产生较好的经济效益,是炼钢企业的首选烘烤***。
Claims (6)
1.一种垂直换热式合金烘烤炉***,包括烘烤炉(3)、料斗(4)和平车(8),其特征在于:所述烘烤炉(3)包括炉顶和四周的炉墙,其中一侧的炉墙上设置有升降炉门(7),炉顶上安装有数个烧嘴(6),在烘烤炉(3)的内部平行设置有两根轨道(9),平车(8)放置在轨道(9)上,平车(8)在驱动机构的作用下能沿着轨道(9)往复移动,烘烤炉(3)的下方设置有与烘烤炉(3)相贯通的风道(1),风道(1)内平行布置有引风管(13),引风管(13)的一端设置有引风机(2),引风管(13)的顶部设置有数个锥形结构的进气口(12),在平车(8)上设置有数个与烧嘴(6)数量相对应的出风口(11),出风口(11)的形状为漏斗状,出风口(11)的小端与进气口(12)的大端连通且出风口(11)的小端直径大于进气口(12)的大端直径; 所述引风管(13)的底部设置出气口,出气口的端部设置有沉降室(15); 所述进气口(12)上安装有自动控制出风量的过滤网(16)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种垂直换热式合金烘烤炉***,其特征在于:所述驱动机构包括电机(18)、联轴器(19)、减速机(20)、主动链轮(10)、从动链轮(14)和滚子链条(17),电机(18)、联轴器(19)、减速机(20)和主动链轮(10)安装布置在烘烤炉(3)外,从动链轮(14)安装在烘烤炉(3)内,滚子链条(17)的一端缠绕在从动链轮(14)上并与平车(8)的上表面铰接连接,滚子链条(17)的另一端缠绕在主动链轮(10)上并与平车(8)的上表面铰接连接。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种垂直换热式合金烘烤炉***,其特征在于:所述平车(8)上方的料斗(4)两侧安装有限位挡板(5)。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种垂直换热式合金烘烤炉***,其特征在于:所述炉顶上平行设置有两排烧嘴(6),每排烧嘴(6)的数量是4~8个,所述平车(8)上设置有两排出风口(11),每排出风口(11)的数量为4~8个,每排出风口(11)底部连通有1根引风管(13)。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种垂直换热式合金烘烤炉***,其特征在于:所述烘烤炉(3)的炉墙和炉顶由外到内依次设置有外表层、保温层和隔热层。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种垂直换热式合金烘烤炉***,其特征在于:所述外表层为5~8mm厚的普通钢板与大型工字钢框架焊接而成,所述保温层为200~300mm厚的纤维毡,所述隔热层为耐火砖。
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