CN105432330A - Rapid asexual propagation method for lithocarpus hancei - Google Patents
Rapid asexual propagation method for lithocarpus hancei Download PDFInfo
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- CN105432330A CN105432330A CN201510871401.9A CN201510871401A CN105432330A CN 105432330 A CN105432330 A CN 105432330A CN 201510871401 A CN201510871401 A CN 201510871401A CN 105432330 A CN105432330 A CN 105432330A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a rapid asexual propagation method for lithocarpus hancei. The method comprises the working procedures of scion collection, grafting time determining, grafting and post-grafting management; particularly, a cork oak container nursery-grown plant is used as a stock, half lignification to lignification branches which are healthy and free of pest and disease damage are clipped from a lithocarpus hancei seed tree to be used as scions, grafting is carried out through a cleft graft method, post-grafting management is carried out, and lithocarpus hancei grafted seedlings obtained in next spring can come out for forestation. The lithocarpus hancei asexual propagation technology is brought through, grafting propagation is carried out through the cork oak stock, the cork oak container nursery-grown plants with the excellent economic characters are greatly and rapidly propagated, and the nursery-grown plant root system is developed. By means of the advantage that the cork oak stock has the high adaptive capacity for natural environment such as drought and barren, the scions and the stock can be rapidly healed, shoots emerge, the shoots rapidly grow, high-quality, efficient and rapid development of lithocarpus hancei is facilitated, and good economic benefits, social benefits and ecological benefits are obtained.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of plant asexual propagation, relate to a kind of duricrust Ke Clonal regeneration method.
Background technology
Duricrust Ke (
lithocarpushancei (Benth.) Rehd) have another name called Chi Pigang (Taiwan), wine Serrata (Jiangxi), excellent C.-glauca (Hunan), tor withered (Guangxi) is Fagaceae (Fagaceae) Lithocarpus (Lithocarpus), arbor, height rarely exceeds 15 meters, except rhachis and acorn-cup by portion each except grey pubescence all without hair.The yellowish grey of sprig or grey, often have very thin clear wax layer.Leaf papery is to hard leather matter, avette, obovate, wide ellipse, and the shape of falling ovum is oval, narrow oblong or lanceolar.The florescence 4-6 month, the fruit next year 9-12 month is ripe.Bark dull gray or taupe gray, thick 6-10 millimeter, irregular longitudinal direction is shallow to be split, and strip is exploited, endothelium light brown, wood ray blade-like.The heartwood of xylem and sapwood are distinguished clearly.Heartwood light brown, annual ring is chrysanthemum shape.Originate in various places on the south Radis Gentiana qinling.This kind of distribution is wide, is born in the multiple environment of height above sea level less than about 2600 meters.
Cork oak (
quercusvariabilisBl) have another name called cork oak, tertia Qinggang, hemp oak, be that Fagaceae (Fagaceae) oak belongs to arbor, tree crown is extensively avette, and trunk is many, taupe, dark lobe, and cork layer spy is thick.Sprig is filbert, and male inflorescence is born in annual shoot bottom, and female flower list is raw or twin with annual shoot axil.May at florescence; The fruit 9-10 month in next year is ripe.Chinese important commerical tree species.Cork oak happiness light, be often born in mountain region tailo, but treelet is there to be lateral shelter as well.To weather, the strong adaptability of soil.The low temperature of ability-20 DEG C, in the acidity of pH4-8, all has growth in neutral and limy soil, also drought-resistant, barren and with deep, fertile, suitably moistening and well-drained loam and sandy loam optimum, not resistance to ponding.Produce the provinces and regions such as Liaoning, Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu, Shandong, Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Taiwan, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan.North China is born in the tailo of height above sea level less than 800 meters usually, and southwest can reach height above sea level 2000-3000 rice.
At present, duricrust Ke resource is still in wild distribution, but along with keeping the demand of Plant Diversity, large-scale artificial cultivation duricrust Ke resource is imperative.Because duricrust Ke seed belongs to hardseed, have several factors to cause seed germination success rate low in natural germination process, the reduction of resource is not supported in the sprouting naturally of seed far away.And the duricrust Ke percentage of seedgermination without any hormone agents process in traditional mode of production often only has about 50%, and germinating time evening, emerge irregular, limit the large-scale planting of duricrust Ke.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of characteristic of cork oak and duricrust Ke can being combined, obtain well developed root system, growth is fast, and survival rate is high, duricrust Ke Clonal regeneration method of wide adaptability.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of duricrust Ke Clonal regeneration method, comprise the operation of scion collection, grafting time, grafting and managing after grafting, cork oak container seedling carpentery workshop is selected to be stock, from the healthy and strong semi-lignified without damage by disease and insect of duricrust Ke elite stand clip to lignification branch as scion, cleft graft is adopted to carry out grafting, carry out managing after grafting, the duricrust Ke grafting obtained to spring next year can go out garden afforestation; Concrete operation step is as follows:
(1) scion collection: from the healthy and strong semi-lignified without damage by disease and insect of duricrust Ke elite stand clip to lignification branch as scion; Blade of often opening on fringe bar cuts off half, and every 50 a bundles wrapping, carries out moisturizing with wet towel or plastic foil;
(2) grafting time: the four seasons all can carry out grafting;
(3) grafting: the cork oak container seedling nursery stock that leading thread is more than 0.3cm in garden, as stock, adopts cleft graft to carry out grafting;
(4) managing after grafting:
Take shed after grafting and cover overlay moisturizing, and cover sunshade net to nursery stock shading, keep canopy humidity 85 ~ 90%, after young sprout is extracted in scion out, open plastic film, the rudiment in time removing stock grown; After young sprout is aging, opens sunshade net gradually, under full light, cultivates grafting; Strengthen water and fertilizer management and the extermination of disease and insect pest seedling stage, stop fertilising, make the abundant lignification of grafting after entering the winter, the duricrust Ke grafting obtained to spring next year can go out garden afforestation.
Preferably, above-described stock breeding method is as follows:
(1) seedbed and container prepare: select leeward on the sunny side, the place of good water permeability builds seedbed, container for plant growth is filled Nutrition Soil, is neatly placed on seedbed, sow first 1 day and with the potassium permanganate that weight concentration is 0.2%, Nutrition Soil is carried out disinfection routinely;
(2) seed treatment: select common cork oak seed with Seed soaking 1 day before sowing, then is the carbendazim solution seed dressing of 0.2% by weight concentration, and covers plastic film and carry out desinsection, and then with wet husky stored seeds, volume ratio that is husky and seed is 2:1;
(3) sow: germinate February next year to April after seed storage vernalization, the seed of germination is taken out from wet sand sowing and cultivate stock in the container for plant growth filling Nutrition Soil, each container for plant growth sows 1, and 1 ~ 2cm is thick for surface cover Nutrition Soil;
(4) young anvil management: after planting regularly trickle moisturizing, nursery stock strengthens water and fertilizer management and the extermination of disease and insect pest after being unearthed, and cork oak seedling leading thread reaches more than 0.3cm and can be used for grafting.
Preferably, the formula of above-described Nutrition Soil by volume feed is: laterite: humus soil=1 ~ 2: 1; Described container for plant growth adopts the degradable nonwoven fabrics Seedling bag of 8 ~ 10cm × 15 ~ 20cm.
Preferably, above-described water and fertilizer management and the extermination of disease and insect pest, start fertilising after nursery stock is unearthed 20 days, based on the aqueous solution of conventional composite fertilizer, every weeding in 15 days and fertilising 1 time, the weight concentration spraying composite fertilizer for the 1st time is 0.5%, and weight concentration of applying fertilizer subsequently is increased to 1.5% gradually; Frequent trickle keeps Nutrition Soil moistening, monthly adds water 800 times with the trichlorphon original powder of weight concentration 90% and sprays pest control.
Preferably, above-described cleft graft leads to straight place from stock base portion 5 ~ 10cm to cut disconnected, more vertically split down along medulla, dark 1.0 ~ 1.2cm; Being whittled into double inclined plane in the both sides of scion bud is wedge shape, and bevel becomes 30 °, and bevel is long consistent with stock otch, and bevel is level and smooth, retains 1 bud 1 leaf; The scion of cutting is inserted the stock interface of riving, scion and stock form layer alignment, and bud, in outside, is finally used the tighten scion from bottom to top of grafting special plastic film strip, will be strained, prevent scion from moving during colligation.
Relative to prior art, the advantage that the present invention has and good effect as follows:
1, the present invention is the once breakthrough of duricrust Ke vegetative propagation technique, utilizes cork oak stock to carry out propagation by grafiting, and a large amount of Fast-propagation maintains the cork oak container seedling nursery stock of maternal excellent economic characters, and seedling root is flourishing; Duricrust Ke Mu seedling relies on stock cork oak to the advantageous feature of the stronger adaptive capacity of the natural environment such as non-irrigated, barren, and fringe bar is with stock energy quickly-healing and sprout young sprout, and the young sprout sprouted grows rapid.
2, the present invention selects cork oak as stock, and cultivates with carrying out garden, the good characteristics such as cork oak plant strain growth is rapid, strong, and well developed root system has branch many, and rudiment power is strong, and ground, garden convenient management, simple to operate, survival rate is high.
3, cost of the present invention is low, simple to operate, expands soon numerous, reproduction coefficient is high, and duricrust Ke nursery stock quantity of acquisition is large, and survival rate is high, and be applicable to downgrading intensive cultivation, promote duricrust Ke high-quality, efficient, fast-developing to there are good economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefits.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1:
Select leeward on the sunny side, the place of good water permeability builds seedbed, container for plant growth is filled Nutrition Soil, is neatly placed on seedbed, sow first 1 day and with the potassium permanganate that weight concentration is 0.2%, Nutrition Soil is carried out disinfection routinely.Selecting common cork oak seed, with Seed soaking 1 day before sowing, then is the carbendazim solution seed dressing of 0.2% by weight concentration, and covers plastic film and carry out desinsection, and then with wet husky stored seeds, volume ratio that is husky and seed is 2:1.Germinate February next year to March after seed storage vernalization, the seed of germination is taken out from wet sand sowing and cultivate stock in the container for plant growth filling Nutrition Soil, each container for plant growth sows 1, and 1 ~ 2cm is thick for surface cover Nutrition Soil.Nutrition Soil by volume feed is: laterite: humus soil=1 ~ 2: 1 mix obtained.Described container for plant growth adopts the degradable nonwoven fabrics Seedling bag of 8cm × 15cm.After planting regularly trickle moisturizing, starts fertilising after nursery stock is unearthed 20 days, and based on the aqueous solution of conventional composite fertilizer, every weeding in 15 days and fertilising 1 time, the weight concentration spraying composite fertilizer for the 1st time is 0.5%, and weight concentration of applying fertilizer subsequently is increased to 1.5% gradually; Frequent trickle keeps Nutrition Soil moistening, monthly adds water 800 times with the trichlorphon original powder of weight concentration 90% and sprays pest control.Cork oak seedling leading thread reaches more than 0.3cm and can be used for grafting.
Spring or summer, from the healthy and strong semi-lignified without damage by disease and insect of duricrust Ke elite stand clip to lignification branch as scion; Blade of often opening on fringe bar cuts off half, and every 50 a bundles wrapping, carries out moisturizing with wet towel or plastic foil.The cork oak seedling that leading thread is more than 0.3cm in garden, as stock, adopts cleft graft to carry out grafting.Cleft graft leads to straight place from stock base portion 5 ~ 8cm to cut disconnected, more vertically split down along medulla, dark 1.0 ~ 1.2cm; Being whittled into double inclined plane in the both sides of scion bud is wedge shape, and bevel becomes 30 °, and bevel is long consistent with stock otch, and bevel is level and smooth, retains 1 bud 1 leaf; The scion of cutting is inserted the stock interface of riving, scion and stock form layer alignment, and bud, in outside, is finally used the tighten scion from bottom to top of grafting special plastic film strip, will be strained, prevent scion from moving during colligation.Take shed after grafting and cover overlay moisturizing, and cover sunshade net to nursery stock shading, keep canopy humidity 85 ~ 90%, after young sprout is extracted in scion out, open plastic film, the rudiment in time removing stock grown; After young sprout is aging, opens sunshade net gradually, under full light, cultivates grafting; Nursery stock is unearthed and starts fertilising after 20 days, and based on the aqueous solution of conventional composite fertilizer, every weeding in 15 days and fertilising 1 time, the weight concentration spraying composite fertilizer for the 1st time is 0.5%, and weight concentration of applying fertilizer subsequently is increased to 1.5% gradually; Frequent trickle keeps Nutrition Soil moistening, monthly adds water 800 times with the trichlorphon original powder of weight concentration 90% and sprays pest control, stops fertilising, make the abundant lignification of grafting after entering the winter, and the duricrust Ke grafting obtained to spring next year can go out garden afforestation.
Embodiment 2:
Select leeward on the sunny side, the place of good water permeability builds seedbed, container for plant growth is filled Nutrition Soil, is neatly placed on seedbed, sow first 1 day and with the potassium permanganate that weight concentration is 0.2%, Nutrition Soil is carried out disinfection routinely.Selecting common cork oak seed, with Seed soaking 1 day before sowing, then is the carbendazim solution seed dressing of 0.2% by weight concentration, and covers plastic film and carry out desinsection, and then with wet husky stored seeds, volume ratio that is husky and seed is 2:1.Germinate March next year to April after seed storage vernalization, the seed of germination is taken out from wet sand sowing and cultivate stock in the container for plant growth filling Nutrition Soil, each container for plant growth sows 1, and 1 ~ 2cm is thick for surface cover Nutrition Soil.Nutrition Soil by volume feed is: laterite: humus soil=2: 1 mix obtained.Described container for plant growth adopts the degradable nonwoven fabrics Seedling bag of 10cm × 20cm.After planting regularly trickle moisturizing, starts fertilising after nursery stock is unearthed 20 days, and based on the aqueous solution of conventional composite fertilizer, every weeding in 15 days and fertilising 1 time, the weight concentration spraying composite fertilizer for the 1st time is 0.5%, and weight concentration of applying fertilizer subsequently is increased to 1.5% gradually; Frequent trickle keeps Nutrition Soil moistening, monthly adds water 800 times with the trichlorphon original powder of weight concentration 90% and sprays pest control.Cork oak seedling leading thread reaches more than 0.3cm and can be used for grafting.
Autumn or winter, from the healthy and strong semi-lignified without damage by disease and insect of duricrust Ke elite stand clip to lignification branch as scion; Blade of often opening on fringe bar cuts off half, and every 50 a bundles wrapping, carries out moisturizing with plastic foil.The cork oak seedling that leading thread is more than 0.3cm in garden, as stock, adopts cleft graft to carry out grafting.Cleft graft leads to straight place from stock base portion 8 ~ 10cm to cut disconnected, more vertically split down along medulla, dark 1.0 ~ 1.2cm; Being whittled into double inclined plane in the both sides of scion bud is wedge shape, and bevel becomes 30 °, and bevel is long consistent with stock otch, and bevel is level and smooth, retains 1 bud 1 leaf; The scion of cutting is inserted the stock interface of riving, scion and stock form layer alignment, and bud, in outside, is finally used the tighten scion from bottom to top of grafting special plastic film strip, will be strained, prevent scion from moving during colligation.Take shed after grafting and cover overlay moisturizing, and cover sunshade net to nursery stock shading, keep canopy humidity 85 ~ 90%, after young sprout is extracted in scion out, open plastic film, the rudiment in time removing stock grown; After young sprout is aging, opens sunshade net gradually, under full light, cultivates grafting; Nursery stock is unearthed and starts fertilising after 20 days, and based on the aqueous solution of conventional composite fertilizer, every weeding in 15 days and fertilising 1 time, the weight concentration spraying composite fertilizer for the 1st time is 0.5%, and weight concentration of applying fertilizer subsequently is increased to 1.5% gradually; Frequent trickle keeps Nutrition Soil moistening, monthly adds water 800 times with the trichlorphon original powder of weight concentration 90% and sprays pest control, stops fertilising, make the abundant lignification of grafting after entering the winter, and the duricrust Ke grafting obtained to spring next year can go out garden afforestation.
Claims (5)
1. duricrust Ke Clonal regeneration method, it is characterized in that: the operation comprising scion collection, grafting time, grafting and managing after grafting, cork oak container seedling carpentery workshop is selected to be stock, from the healthy and strong semi-lignified without damage by disease and insect of duricrust Ke elite stand clip to lignification branch as scion, cleft graft is adopted to carry out grafting, carry out managing after grafting, the duricrust Ke grafting obtained to spring next year can go out garden afforestation; Concrete operation step is as follows:
(1) scion collection: from the healthy and strong semi-lignified without damage by disease and insect of duricrust Ke elite stand clip to lignification branch as scion; Blade of often opening on fringe bar cuts off half, and every 50 a bundles wrapping, carries out moisturizing with wet towel or plastic foil;
(2) grafting time: the four seasons all can carry out grafting;
(3) grafting: the cork oak container seedling nursery stock that leading thread is more than 0.3cm in garden, as stock, adopts cleft graft to carry out grafting;
(4) managing after grafting:
Take shed after grafting and cover overlay moisturizing, and cover sunshade net to nursery stock shading, keep canopy humidity 85 ~ 90%, after young sprout is extracted in scion out, open plastic film, the rudiment in time removing stock grown; After young sprout is aging, opens sunshade net gradually, under full light, cultivates grafting; Strengthen water and fertilizer management and the extermination of disease and insect pest seedling stage, stop fertilising, make the abundant lignification of grafting after entering the winter, the duricrust Ke grafting obtained to spring next year can go out garden afforestation.
2. a kind of duricrust Ke Clonal regeneration method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described stock breeding method is as follows:
(1) seedbed and container prepare: select leeward on the sunny side, the place of good water permeability builds seedbed, container for plant growth is filled Nutrition Soil, is neatly placed on seedbed, sow first 1 day and with the potassium permanganate that weight concentration is 0.2%, Nutrition Soil is carried out disinfection routinely;
(2) seed treatment: select common cork oak seed with Seed soaking 1 day before sowing, then is the carbendazim solution seed dressing of 0.2% by weight concentration, and covers plastic film and carry out desinsection, and then with wet husky stored seeds, volume ratio that is husky and seed is 2:1;
(3) sow: germinate February next year to April after seed storage vernalization, the seed of germination is taken out from wet sand sowing and cultivate stock in the container for plant growth filling Nutrition Soil, each container for plant growth sows 1, and 1 ~ 2cm is thick for surface cover Nutrition Soil;
(4) young anvil management: after planting regularly trickle moisturizing, nursery stock strengthens water and fertilizer management and the extermination of disease and insect pest after being unearthed, and cork oak seedling leading thread reaches more than 0.3cm and can be used for grafting.
3. a kind of duricrust Ke Clonal regeneration method according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the formula of described Nutrition Soil by volume feed is: laterite: humus soil=1 ~ 2: 1; Described container for plant growth adopts the degradable nonwoven fabrics Seedling bag of 8 ~ 10cm × 15 ~ 20cm.
4. according to the arbitrary a kind of described duricrust Ke Clonal regeneration method of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: described water and fertilizer management and the extermination of disease and insect pest, fertilising is started after nursery stock is unearthed 20 days, based on the aqueous solution of conventional composite fertilizer, every weeding in 15 days and fertilising 1 time, the weight concentration spraying composite fertilizer for 1st time is 0.5%, and weight concentration of applying fertilizer subsequently is increased to 1.5% gradually; Frequent trickle keeps Nutrition Soil moistening, monthly adds water 800 times with the trichlorphon original powder of weight concentration 90% and sprays pest control.
5. a kind of duricrust Ke Clonal regeneration method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described cleft graft leads to straight place from stock base portion 5 ~ 10cm to cut disconnected, more vertically split down along medulla, dark 1.0 ~ 1.2cm; Being whittled into double inclined plane in the both sides of scion bud is wedge shape, and bevel becomes 30 °, and bevel is long consistent with stock otch, and bevel is level and smooth, retains 1 bud 1 leaf; The scion of cutting is inserted the stock interface of riving, scion and stock form layer alignment, and bud, in outside, is finally used the tighten scion from bottom to top of grafting special plastic film strip, will be strained, prevent scion from moving during colligation.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106258991A (en) * | 2016-10-17 | 2017-01-04 | 柳州玲通科技有限责任公司 | A kind of duricrust Ke's tissue cultured seedling root induction method |
| CN106359105A (en) * | 2016-10-17 | 2017-02-01 | 柳州玲通科技有限责任公司 | Inducing method for primary culture buds of lithocarpus hancei |
| CN106417030A (en) * | 2016-10-17 | 2017-02-22 | 柳州三农科技有限公司 | Lithocarpus hancei tissue culture explant obtaining method |
-
2015
- 2015-12-02 CN CN201510871401.9A patent/CN105432330A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106258991A (en) * | 2016-10-17 | 2017-01-04 | 柳州玲通科技有限责任公司 | A kind of duricrust Ke's tissue cultured seedling root induction method |
| CN106359105A (en) * | 2016-10-17 | 2017-02-01 | 柳州玲通科技有限责任公司 | Inducing method for primary culture buds of lithocarpus hancei |
| CN106417030A (en) * | 2016-10-17 | 2017-02-22 | 柳州三农科技有限公司 | Lithocarpus hancei tissue culture explant obtaining method |
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Application publication date: 20160330 |