CN105432326A - Cultivation process for grafting camellia by taking camellia oleifera trees as rootstocks - Google Patents
Cultivation process for grafting camellia by taking camellia oleifera trees as rootstocks Download PDFInfo
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- CN105432326A CN105432326A CN201410444697.1A CN201410444697A CN105432326A CN 105432326 A CN105432326 A CN 105432326A CN 201410444697 A CN201410444697 A CN 201410444697A CN 105432326 A CN105432326 A CN 105432326A
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- 235000018597 common camellia Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 240000001548 Camellia japonica Species 0.000 title claims description 35
- 241000526900 Camellia oleifera Species 0.000 title abstract 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 244000147058 Derris elliptica Species 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000010495 camellia oil Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 244000141353 Prunus domestica Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000209507 Camellia Species 0.000 abstract 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a cultivation process for grafting camellia by taking camellia oleifera trees as rootstocks. The cultivation process is characterized in that large camellia plants are cultivated through rootstock selection and treatment, scion selection, cut-grafting, pruning and blending and grafting again and blending and setting. The grafted camellia nursery stocks are quite strong in stress resistance and are relatively low in cost, and moreover, seedlings which are relatively large in body form can be obtained within a short period. The quantity of cultivated nursery stocks can be reasonably adjusted according to market demand, so that the risk of being far away from expectation is reduced. Predetermined large shapes can be formed through grafting and setting for many times, flowers blossom in the predetermined basic positions to form crowns with branches which are uniformly distributed tier upon tier, and patterns can be further formed due to different colors of scions, so that the ornamental value is improved and the city is beautified.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cultivating technique that a kind of camellia grafting, tree-like Cultivating techniques, particularly a kind of tea oil tree do stock grafting 18 scholar camellia.
Background technology
18 scholar's camellias are China's famous flowers, usually beautify the environment as ornamental flower in China's urban construction, the most lobe of its flower pattern body, florescence is long, color is many and bright-coloured, normal Propogation and culture plant needs just can bloom for 4 ~ 5 years, plant to grow to larger build then the time longer, and urban construction and family view and admire plant different, the general camellia nursery stock all needing plant build larger, its longer growth cycle makes its land utilization rate low, if existing output lags behind urban development demand, increase cultivation quantity more both cannot meet the need of market in time, also can increase and cultivate the excessive market risk, also have existing camellia individual plant color single, the position of flower on plant cannot make a reservation for, very difficult pattern risks pattern, even if appearance profile is spelled pendulum and is also not easy, these problems still await technological improvement and solve.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problem, the invention provides a kind of tea oil tree and doing stock grafting 18 scholar's camellia and the cultivating technique applying shaping new technology.
The technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of tea oil tree do stock grafting camellia and apply shaping new technology cultivating technique, it is characterized in that step is as follows:
A, Root-stock selection and process, select that life in 4 to 10 years, trunk are high more than 1 meter, thick 2 to 4 centimetres of footpath, at least there is the tea oil tree of 3 to 4 diameters, 1 to 2 centimetre of side shoot, select 3 to 4 along the side shoot of trunk circumference distribution uniform as graft stock branch, the lopping of stock branch is retained 4 to 8 centimetres, then central backbone more than unnecessary branch and graft stock branch is removed;
B, scion are selected, and 18 scholar's camellia elite stands are chosen peripheral robust growth, leaf dark green, enriches without damage by disease and insect, eye, the annotinous branch of diameter more than 0.2 centimetre is as scion;
C, cut-grafting grafting, scion is cut into 3 to 4 centimetres of segments, every section ensures 1 to 2 lateral bud, under scion, bud 1 centimeters cuts the long inclined-plane of a length 1 to 2 centimetre, the short inclined-plane of one 0.5 centimetres is cut at the offside on long inclined-plane, the section of stock branch is scabbled, a smooth place straight partial application is downwards selected in the xylem edge of stock branch section, the length of otch, the wide length on long inclined-plane with scion respectively, quite wide, then long for scion inclined-plane is formed main grafted branch in the face of main body xylem inserts stock, again the cortex of otch is wrapped in outside scion, with the plastic film strip colligation of wide 1 cm,
D, draw branch, main grafted branch survive 1 year after August, choose the main grafted branch growing to 40 to 60 centimetres, on main grafted branch top, downward 1/3rd strong points place liner, at liner, stay cord is tied up at place, stay cord is tightened and is fixed in the nail stake on ground, makes main grafted branch and ground be 55 degree to 65 degree angles, makes main grafted branch be tending towards being uniformly distributed around trunk and is happy shape; Branch is first held repeatedly upwardly before drawing branch in this step, then left and right stoking branch repeatedly up and down, be depressed into required angle gradually and fix with stay cord again;
E, again grafting, when in main grafted branch process of growth, water sprout grows to 5 to 6 centimetres on it, using excessive growth secateurs to 2 to 3 centimetres as the stock camellia scion that grafting is new again, new scion is grown to 40 to 60 centimetres and is again drawn branch to shape; The water sprout so grown with the order on main grafted branch successively carries out 3 to 4 graftings again for stock, draw branch again, prunes, makes tree crown global shape level off to preset pattern successively.
Further, each stock branch grafting 1 to 3 scion in described step c.
Further, a lateral bud is had at least to be positioned at the side of scion in described step c and e after scion grafting.
Further, a lateral bud is had at least to be positioned at above the side of scion in c and e described in described step after scion grafting.
Further, young sprout terminal bud, when main grafted branch grows to 20 to 30 centimetres, is plucked by described steps d.
Further, in described step c and e, scion is at least two kinds of color camellia mother kinds.
Further, each grafting of described step is different colours camellia mother kind.
Further, described draw branch at every turn after prune, make tree crown global shape level off to " happy shape " successively.
Perennial tea oil tree is used for the grafting of camellia by Cultivating techniques technique of the present invention as stock source, very strong by the camellia resistance of this grafting, selected stock is the poor seeds of economic benefit, cost is also relatively low, also facilitation is had to tea oil tree related economic, and just can obtain the larger seedling strain of build in a short time, reasonably can regulate according to the market demand and cultivate nursery stock quantity, lower the risk that expection is far away, default general shape can be formed by repeatedly grafting shaping, flower opens the general location preset, form the layer upon layer of equally distributed tree crown of branch, also can risk multicolor patterns further by the different colours of scion, improve ornamental beautifying city.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention, because tea oil tree has drought-enduring cold-resistant characteristic, this camellia engrafting and cultivating technique just adopts tea oil tree to do stock and implements grafting, select life in 4 to 10 years, trunk is high more than 1 meter, thick 2 to 4 centimetres of footpath, at least there is the tea oil tree of 3 to 4 diameters, 1 to 2 centimetre of side shoot, select 3 to 4 along the side shoot of trunk circumference distribution uniform as graft stock branch, the handsaw lopping of stock branch is retained 4 to 8 centimetres, again central backbone more than unnecessary branch and graft stock branch is removed, form the stock matrix of build more than 1 meter, then on 18 scholar's camellia elite stands, peripheral robust growth is chosen, leaf dark green, without damage by disease and insect, eye enriches, the annotinous branch that diameter is more than 0.2 centimetre is as scion, scion is cut into 3 to 4 centimetres of segments, every section ensures 1 to 2 lateral bud, under scion, bud 1 centimeters cuts the long inclined-plane of a length 1 to 2 centimetre, the short inclined-plane of one 0.5 centimetres is cut at the offside on long inclined-plane, the section of stock branch is scabbled, a smooth place straight partial application is downwards selected in the xylem edge of stock branch section, the length of otch, the wide length on long inclined-plane with scion respectively, quite wide, then long for scion inclined-plane is formed main grafted branch in the face of main body xylem inserts stock, again the cortex of otch is wrapped in outside scion, with the plastic film strip colligation of wide 1 cm, film bar must be strained during colligation, survive the water sprout main grafted branch of rear regular reservation needed as stock, wipe out unnecessary water sprout, sick branch, intersection branch, descending branch, leave the branch extending out type growth, main grafted branch survive 1 year after August, the main grafting twig taking out the tip through 4 times is long, choose the main grafted branch growing to 40 to 60 centimetres, on main grafted branch top, downward 1/3rd strong points place liner, at liner, stay cord is tied up at place, stay cord tighten to be fixed in the nail stake on ground or to hang with stay cord suitable weight or and trunk between tie up and hold fixing pole, main grafted branch and ground is made to be 55 degree to 65 degree angles, main grafted branch is made to be tending towards being uniformly distributed around trunk and outwards to spread apart and be happy shape, if main grafted branch remaining with auxiliary support branch will be pulled to equally with ground is again 65 degree to 90 degree, frontly when to draw first hold branch repeatedly upwardly, left and right stoking branch repeatedly up and down again, be depressed into required angle gradually fixing with stay cord, prevent the harder stressed breakage of branch, grafting again, when in main grafted branch process of growth, water sprout grows to 5 to 6 centimetres on it, using excessive growth secateurs to 2 to 3 centimetres as the stock camellia scion that grafting is new again, new scion is grown to 40 to 60 centimetres and is again drawn branch to shape, the water sprout grown with the order on main grafted branch so successively carries out 3 to 4 graftings again for stock, branch is drawn to complete camellia Crown growizg again, prune after drawing branch at every turn, default shape of tree-crown can be formed by repeatedly grafting integer, by guiding the trend of branch, flower can be made to open the general location preset, form the layer upon layer of equally distributed tree crown of branch, ventilation and penetrating light is good, flower amount is large and even, the flower pattern large florescence is long, aging is slower, overall appearance is strong, the Branches of Different Orders angle avoiding 18 scholar's camellias in the past do not open or angle of release not in place, tree vigo(u)r branch gesture is unbalanced, tree-like lack of standardization, the phenomenons such as the disorderly and irregular flower caused of growing way of branch is less than normal, the larger nursery stock of build within about 3 years, can be cultivated, reasonably can regulate according to the market demand and cultivate nursery stock quantity, lower the risk that expection is far away, tea oil tree can in two purposes fields optimum selecting, also facilitation is had to tea oil tree related economic, resistance is very strong, selected stock tea oil tree is the poor seeds of economic benefit, therefore cost is also relatively low.
During the invention process, the quantity of each stock branch grafting scion can be determined according to the size of stock matrix, when stock matrix is less, each stock branch can grafting 1 to 2 scion, when stock matrix is taller and bigger, each stock branch can grafting 2 to 3 scion, be beneficial to and form sizeable tree crown, also can be used for later stage selection and retain; A lateral bud at least will be had the side of scion is positioned at when scion grafting, particularly bottom lateral bud, be conducive to formation and open loose formula Crown Structure, also can stagger adjacent scion opposite side bud direction the raw branch that intersects after reducing, at least to ensure that a lateral bud is positioned at above the side of scion after drawing some scion graftings in as needed crown form, making it to direction growth on side; If wish tree crown is in heart-shaped, can when main grafted branch grows to 20 to 30 centimetres, young sprout terminal bud is plucked, the raw branch in side will be grown to all directions, " happy shape " tree crown can be formed again after repeatedly grafting trimming and finishing, during grafting, scion can be two two kinds of color camellias mother kinds, utilizes different colours scion camellia to risk pattern, can further improve ornamental beautifying city.
During enforcement, each grafting different colours camellia mother plants, and not only can increase sight; Prune after drawing branch at every turn, global shape can be made to level off to " happy shape " tree crown successively, increase general levels sense.
Be only present pre-ferred embodiments in sum, all equivalence modifications of doing according to the application and prior art are added and are all considered as the technology of the present invention category.
Claims (8)
1. tea oil tree does stock grafting 18 scholar's camellia and is changed into a cultivating technique for " happy shape " tree crown by traditional " steamed bun shape ", it is characterized in that step is as follows:
A, Root-stock selection and process, select that life in 4 to 10 years, trunk are high more than 1 meter, thick 2 to 4 centimetres of footpath, at least there is the tea oil tree of 3 to 4 diameters, 1 to 2 centimetre of side shoot, select 3 to 4 along the side shoot of trunk circumference distribution uniform as graft stock branch, the lopping of stock branch is retained 4 to 8 centimetres, then central backbone more than unnecessary branch and graft stock branch is removed;
B, scion are selected, and 18 scholar's camellia elite stands are chosen peripheral robust growth, leaf dark green, enriches without damage by disease and insect, eye, the annotinous branch of diameter more than 0.2 centimetre is as scion;
C, cut-grafting grafting, scion is cut into 3 to 4 centimetres of segments, every section ensures 1 to 2 lateral bud, under scion, bud 1 centimeters cuts the long inclined-plane of a length 1 to 2 centimetre, the short inclined-plane of one 0.5 centimetres is cut at the offside on long inclined-plane, the section of stock branch is scabbled, a smooth place straight partial application is downwards selected in the xylem edge of stock branch section, the length and width on long inclined-plane is suitable with scion respectively for the length and width of otch, then by long for scion inclined-plane in the face of main body xylem insert stock, again the cortex of otch is wrapped in outside scion, with the plastic film strip colligation of wide 1 cm;
D, draw branch, main grafted branch survive 1 year after August, choose the main grafted branch growing to 40 to 60 centimetres, on main grafted branch top, downward 1/3rd strong points place liner, at liner, stay cord is tied up at place, stay cord applies external force, makes main grafted branch and ground be 55 degree to 65 degree angles, makes main grafted branch be tending towards being uniformly distributed around trunk and is happy shape; Branch is first held repeatedly upwardly before drawing branch in this step, then left and right stoking branch repeatedly up and down, be depressed into required angle gradually and fix with stay cord again;
E, again grafting, choose 18 scholar's camellia scion that 3 to 4 water sprout or auxiliary support branch are the stock different flower pattern of grafting, color again after drawing branch to shape, new scion is grown to 40 to 60 centimetres and is again drawn branch to shape; 3 to 4 graftings more like this, draw branch again, prune again, make tree crown global shape level off to preset pattern successively.
2. tea oil tree according to claim 1 does the cultivating technique of stock grafting camellia, it is characterized in that each stock branch grafting 1 to 3 scion in described step c.
3. tea oil tree according to claim 1 does the cultivating technique of stock grafting camellia, it is characterized in that having at least a lateral bud to be positioned at the side of scion in described step c and e after scion grafting.
4. tea oil tree according to claim 1 does the cultivating technique of stock grafting camellia, it is characterized in that having at least a lateral bud to be positioned at above the side of scion in described step c and e after scion grafting.
5. do the cultivating technique of stock grafting camellia according to the arbitrary described tea oil tree of Claims 1-4, it is characterized in that described steps d is when main grafted branch grows to 20 to 30 centimetres, plucks young sprout terminal bud.
6. do the cultivating technique of stock grafting camellia according to the arbitrary described tea oil tree of Claims 1-4, it is characterized in that in described step c and e, scion is at least two kinds of color camellia mother kinds.
7. do the cultivating technique of stock grafting camellia according to the arbitrary described tea oil tree of Claims 1-4, it is characterized in that each grafting of described step is different colours camellia mother and plants.
8. do the cultivating technique of stock grafting camellia according to the arbitrary described tea oil tree of Claims 1-4, it is characterized in that described draw branch at every turn after prune, make tree crown global shape level off to " happy shape " successively.
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Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN106900358A (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2017-06-30 | 长沙县奥景花卉苗木专业合作社 | The method for cultivating camellia as stock with tea oil tree |
CN106942001A (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2017-07-14 | 长沙县奥景花卉苗木专业合作社 | The method that four seasons Camellia flower seedling wood is cultivated by stock of camellia |
CN107409766A (en) * | 2016-05-23 | 2017-12-01 | 江瑜 | A kind of camellia cinnabar purple robe grafting oil tea tree method |
CN107439326A (en) * | 2017-10-12 | 2017-12-08 | 三江县稻香山茶油生态发展有限公司 | A kind of method of tea oil tree grafting camellia |
CN108450226A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-08-28 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | A method of improving the big tree high position grafting survival rate of oil tea |
CN109769490A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-05-21 | 山东省林业科学研究院 | A method of it is grafted for Chinese scholar tree ancient tree |
CN110384012A (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2019-10-29 | 苏庭照 | A kind of high position grafting implantation methods of Camellia nitidissima |
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CN107409766A (en) * | 2016-05-23 | 2017-12-01 | 江瑜 | A kind of camellia cinnabar purple robe grafting oil tea tree method |
CN106900358A (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2017-06-30 | 长沙县奥景花卉苗木专业合作社 | The method for cultivating camellia as stock with tea oil tree |
CN106942001A (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2017-07-14 | 长沙县奥景花卉苗木专业合作社 | The method that four seasons Camellia flower seedling wood is cultivated by stock of camellia |
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CN110384012A (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2019-10-29 | 苏庭照 | A kind of high position grafting implantation methods of Camellia nitidissima |
CN108450226A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-08-28 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | A method of improving the big tree high position grafting survival rate of oil tea |
CN109769490A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-05-21 | 山东省林业科学研究院 | A method of it is grafted for Chinese scholar tree ancient tree |
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