CN105431257A - 具有用于长的和柔性的工件的垂直支撑部的加工中心 - Google Patents
具有用于长的和柔性的工件的垂直支撑部的加工中心 Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
- B23Q1/44—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms
- B23Q1/50—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with rotating pairs only, the rotating pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism
- B23Q1/52—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with rotating pairs only, the rotating pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism a single rotating pair
- B23Q1/522—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with rotating pairs only, the rotating pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism a single rotating pair which is perpendicular to the working surface
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C1/00—Milling machines not designed for particular work or special operations
- B23C1/14—Milling machines not designed for particular work or special operations with rotary work-carrying table
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/01—Frames, beds, pillars or like members; Arrangement of ways
- B23Q1/015—Frames, beds, pillars
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/02—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for mounting on a work-table, tool-slide, or analogous part
- B23Q3/06—Work-clamping means
- B23Q3/062—Work-clamping means adapted for holding workpieces having a special form or being made from a special material
- B23Q3/063—Work-clamping means adapted for holding workpieces having a special form or being made from a special material for holding turbine blades
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C1/00—Milling machines not designed for particular work or special operations
- B23C1/12—Milling machines not designed for particular work or special operations with spindle adjustable to different angles, e.g. either horizontal or vertical
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C3/00—Milling particular work; Special milling operations; Machines therefor
- B23C3/16—Working surfaces curved in two directions
- B23C3/18—Working surfaces curved in two directions for shaping screw-propellers, turbine blades, or impellers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/51—Plural diverse manufacturing apparatus including means for metal shaping or assembling
- Y10T29/5104—Type of machine
- Y10T29/5109—Lathe
- Y10T29/5114—Lathe and tool
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
- Y10T409/30—Milling
- Y10T409/304536—Milling including means to infeed work to cutter
- Y10T409/305544—Milling including means to infeed work to cutter with work holder
- Y10T409/305656—Milling including means to infeed work to cutter with work holder including means to support work for rotation during operation
- Y10T409/305712—Milling including means to infeed work to cutter with work holder including means to support work for rotation during operation and including means to infeed cutter toward work axis
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
- Y10T409/30—Milling
- Y10T409/306664—Milling including means to infeed rotary cutter toward work
- Y10T409/307672—Angularly adjustable cutter head
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
- Y10T409/30—Milling
- Y10T409/30868—Work support
- Y10T409/309016—Work support with work holder or guide
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
- Y10T409/30—Milling
- Y10T409/309576—Machine frame
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T483/00—Tool changing
- Y10T483/17—Tool changing including machine tool or component
- Y10T483/1733—Rotary spindle machine tool [e.g., milling machine, boring, machine, grinding machine, etc.]
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Abstract
本发明是一种新型加工中心,其包括支撑多个其他部分的承载结构框架(1)以及安装在运动臂(4.1)上的电动主轴(4),所述运动臂(4.1)除了在主轴线上平移和旋转所述电动主轴(4)之外还适于在所述结构框架(1)上支撑所述电动主轴(4),其具有:下平面或支撑部(2),所述下平面或支撑部(2)铰接至承载结构框架(1)的下部或底部、围绕垂直轴线旋转、设有适于保持工件(P)的下端部的元件或机构(2.1);上支撑部(3),所述上支撑部(3)与下平面或支撑部(2)的旋转轴线同轴地围绕垂直轴线旋转、具有适于保持工件(P)的上端部的元件或机构(3.1);所述下平面或支撑部(2)和所述上支撑部(3)同时并以同步的方式旋转,从而根据垂直轴线旋转固定至其的工件(P)。用于上支撑部(3)的垂直平移的装置或机构被设置,以便允许根据工件(P)的长度相对于下平面或支撑部(2)适配所述上支撑部(3)的垂直位置。
Description
技术领域
本专利涉及用于(机)加工工件的数控(NC)机床的部段(领域),并且特别地,其涉及用于加工长的和柔性的工件的数控机床。
背景技术
数控加工中心是已知的,其包括工件锁合于其上的支撑部或平台、工具组装于其上的电动主轴、平移和旋转***,所述平移和旋转***适于允许工具加工锁合于支撑部上的工件的所有侧面以及以任意角度加工。
适合的可编程电子线路控制加工中心的所有运动,例如工具旋转速度、待加工的工件锁合于其上的支撑部或平台的平移和/或旋转、以及主轴的平移和/或旋转。
以这种方式构成的加工中心通常称为CNC加工中心,即计算机数控加工中心。
目前所使用的计算机数控(CNC)加工中心适于加工具有大的水平尺寸和有限的垂直尺寸的工件。
一些需要由计算机数控(CNC)中心确保的精确加工的零件在一个方向上的长度和与所述长度正交的两个方向上的侧向尺寸之间具有高比例。
由在先的粗加工得到的所述粗糙零件固定至处于水平位置的支撑部或平台,其端部固定至将其围绕其水平主轴线旋转的中心主轴。
在垂直平面上的这些类型的工件的横截面通常由于工件的重量或工具的压力而不受垂直弯曲的影响。
一些类型的工件、例如叶轮片与其有限的或扁平的横截面相比是相当长的。
当其在计算机数控(CNC)加工中心中加工时(在所述计算机数控(CNC)加工中心中,其安置在水平位置并且围绕其水平主轴线旋转),具有非常有限的或扁平的横截面的所述长工件受其自身重量并且部分地受工具压力影响。
主要由工件自身的静负载引起的工件的所述弯曲不能保证与所需的形状、尺寸以及公差相对应的工件的精确加工。
发明内容
为了克服所有上述缺陷,具有用于长的和柔性的工件的垂直支撑部的新型加工中心被设计并制造。
本发明的一个目的是提供一种新型加工中心,所述新型加工中心确保了与其极其小的和/或扁平的横截面相比具有相当大的长度的工件的精确加工。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种新型加工中心,其允许所述工件在不经受任何由其自身重量引起的弯曲的情况下被精确加工。
这些以及其他直接和补充的目的通过具有用于长的和柔性的工件的垂直支撑部的新型加工中心来实现。
新型加工中心包括支撑多个其他部分的承载结构框架、下平面或支撑部、上支撑部、以及电动主轴(心轴)。
下平面或支撑部由水平表面构成,所述水平表面设有适于保持工件的下端部的元件或机构。
所述下平面或支撑部铰接至承载结构框架的下部或底部。
特别地,所述下平面或支撑部以及相关的元件或机构适于支撑和保持工件的较大端部。
所述下平面或支撑部设有一个或多个至少适于将其围绕垂直轴线旋转的机构。
上支撑部由设有适于保持工件的上端部的元件或机构的元件构成。
相对于所述下平面或支撑部,所述上支撑部安置在顶部和居中位置,适于围绕其与下平面或支撑部的垂直旋转轴线一致的中心轴线旋转。
所述上支撑部设有适于将其垂直地平移的装置或机构,所述装置或机构垂直地平移所述上支撑部以便允许根据工件的长度相对于下平面或支撑部来适配其垂直位置。
恰如下平面或支撑部,所述上支撑部可以设有一个或多个适于将其围绕垂直轴线旋转的机构。
用于旋转下平面或支撑部的机构和用于旋转上支撑部的机构以同步的方式运行和旋转,以便避免工件的上部和下部之间的任何扭曲。
电动主轴由设有钳口或耦接头的主轴构成,所述钳口或耦接头适于保持和旋转加工工具,典型地适于保持和旋转铣床的刀头。
所述电动主轴固定并铰接至适于在所述结构框架上支撑所述电动主轴以及在主轴线上平移和旋转所述电动主轴的运动臂***。
根据本发明,所述运动臂***:
-水平地平移电动主轴;
-垂直地平移电动主轴;
-纵向地平移电动主轴;
-围绕与工具的旋转轴线正交的水平轴线旋转电动主轴,
并且还执行作为一些或所有所述运动的结合的运动。
存在适于容纳工具并且为了所需的特定类型的加工而不时(时时)地向电动主轴提供所需的工具的工具架。
所有运动组件由可编程电子线路、典型地由计算机来控制,所述可编程电子线路、计算机除了控制每个组件的运动和/或旋转之外还适于检测每个组件的位置。
如以上所描述地构成的新型加工中心允许柔性的和细长的工件的加工。
事实上,当工件在下平面或支撑部和上支撑部之间被垂直地安装和保持时,其重量在没有引起所述工件的任何弯曲的情况下相对于工件自身被轴向地卸载。
上支撑部和下平面或支撑部同时并且以同步的方式旋转,从而整体地旋转工件。
因而,在加工操作期间,工件不经受扭曲。
新型加工中心的特征在以下说明书中、参考以非限制性实例的方式附上的附图更具体地突显。
附图说明
图1、2、3显示了新型加工中心的三个视图。
具体实施方式
新型加工中心包括支撑多个其他部分的承载结构框架(1)、下平面或支撑部(2)、上支撑部(3)以及电动主轴(4)。
下平面或支撑部(2)由设有适于保持工件(P)的下端部的元件或机构(2.1)的水平平面构成。
所述下平面或支撑部(2)铰接至承载结构框架(1)的下部或底部并且设有适于将其围绕垂直轴线旋转的机构。
特别地,所述下平面或支撑部(2)和相关的元件或机构适于支撑和保持工件(P)的较大端部。
上支撑部(3)在所述下平面或支撑部(2)的顶上(上方)且相对于所述下平面或支撑部(2)同轴地定位,并设有适于保持工件(P)的上端部的元件或机构(3.1)。
所述上支撑部(3)适于与所述下平面或支撑部(2)以同步的方式同时、同轴地旋转。
所述上支撑部(3)设有适于将其垂直地平移以便允许根据工件(P)的长度相对于下平面或支撑部适配其垂直位置的装置或机构(未在图中示出)。
电动主轴(4)由具有钳口或耦接头的主轴构成,所述钳口或耦接头适于保持和旋转加工工具、典型地适于保持和旋转铣床的刀头。
所述电动主轴(4)固定并铰接至除了将其在主轴线上平移和旋转之外还适于在所述结构框架(1)上支撑所述电动主轴(4)的运动臂***(4.1)。
所有运动组件由可编程电子线路控制、典型地由计算机控制,所述可编程电子线路、计算机除了控制每个组件的运动和/或旋转之外还适于检测每个组件的位置。
这些示意性的概述对于本领域技术人员而言足以实现本发明,因此,可以获得不影响此处所公开的创新性概念的实质的构造上的变型。
因此,参考以上描述和附图提出以下权利要求。
Claims (4)
1.一种加工中心,所述加工中心包括支撑多个其他部分的承载结构框架(1)以及安装在运动臂(4.1)上的电动主轴(4),所述运动臂(4.1)除了在主轴线上平移和旋转所述电动主轴(4)之外还适于在所述结构框架(1)上支撑所述电动主轴(4),其特征在于,所述加工中心包括:
-下平面或支撑部(2),所述下平面或支撑部(2)铰接至承载结构框架(1)的下部或底部、围绕垂直轴线旋转、设有适于保持工件(P)的下端部的元件或机构(2.1);
-上支撑部(3),所述上支撑部(3)与下平面或支撑部(2)的旋转轴线同轴地围绕垂直轴线旋转、设有适于保持工件(P)的上端部的元件或机构(3.1),
以及其中所述下平面或支撑部(2)和所述上支撑部(3)同时并以同步的方式旋转,从而根据垂直轴线旋转固定至所述下平面或支撑部(2)和所述上支撑部(3)的工件(P)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的加工中心,其特征在于,所述加工中心包括适于垂直地平移上支撑部(3)以便允许根据工件(P)的长度相对于下平面或支撑部(2)适配所述上支撑部(3)的垂直位置的装置或机构。
3.根据前述多项权利要求所述的加工中心,其特征在于,所述加工中心包括可编程电子线路,所述可编程电子线路除了控制每个组件的运动和/或旋转之外还适于检测每个组件的位置。
4.根据前述多项权利要求所述的加工中心,其特征在于,所述加工中心包括工具架,所述工具架适于容纳工具并且为了所需的特定类型的加工而不时地向电动主轴提供所需的工具。
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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IT000092A ITPD20130092A1 (it) | 2013-04-10 | 2013-04-10 | Centro di lavorazione con supporto verticale per pezzi lunghi e flessibili |
ITPD2013A000092 | 2013-04-10 | ||
PCT/IB2013/052916 WO2014167385A1 (en) | 2013-04-10 | 2013-04-12 | Machining centre with vertical support for long and flexible workpieces |
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CN105431257A true CN105431257A (zh) | 2016-03-23 |
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EP (1) | EP2983859B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN105431257A (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2678623T3 (zh) |
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DE102015205093A1 (de) * | 2015-03-20 | 2016-09-22 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Spannvorrichtung für eine Werkzeugmaschine |
CN105345534B (zh) * | 2015-12-04 | 2017-06-23 | 天津市天鼓机械制造有限公司 | 三叶叶轮快速换位刨削工装 |
GB2559985A (en) * | 2017-02-23 | 2018-08-29 | Asm Assembly Systems Singapore Pte Ltd | Support for flexible workpieces |
CN110883367A (zh) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-03-17 | 深圳市华亚数控机床有限公司 | 多面体加工装置及球体多个平面加工方法 |
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DE933124C (de) * | 1943-12-09 | 1955-09-15 | Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm | Kopier-Fraes- oder Schleifmaschine, insbesondere fuer Luftschraubenblaetter |
FR2407048A1 (fr) * | 1977-10-25 | 1979-05-25 | Poincenot Rene | Perfectionnement aux machines-outils pour l'usinage d'aubes de turbines |
CN1646247A (zh) * | 2002-01-31 | 2005-07-27 | 阿尔斯通技术有限公司 | 在加工机床或铣床中从各个方向加工毛坯的方法及装置 |
CN102069223A (zh) * | 2010-12-08 | 2011-05-25 | 西安交通大学 | 一种双刀加工叶片的立式机床结构 |
WO2012038064A1 (de) * | 2010-09-24 | 2012-03-29 | Starragheckert Ag | Verfahren und einrichtung zur bearbeitung von länglichen, nicht rotationssymmetrischen werkstücken in form von turbinenschaufeln |
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US5050468A (en) * | 1989-11-07 | 1991-09-24 | B-J Enterprises, Inc. | Method and apparatus for cutting a circumferential serpentine groove in a workpiece using an engine lathe |
DE19600054C2 (de) * | 1996-01-03 | 1999-07-22 | Chiron Werke Gmbh | Werkzeugmaschine mit gemeinsamem Hub- und Wechslerantrieb |
DE102005009893B4 (de) * | 2005-03-01 | 2007-01-11 | Emag Holding Gmbh | Werkzeugmaschine mit mindestens einem Werkzeugrevolver |
DE102007005846A1 (de) * | 2007-02-01 | 2008-08-07 | Emag Holding Gmbh | Werkzeugmaschine |
DE202007010461U1 (de) * | 2007-07-25 | 2008-12-04 | Gleason-Pfauter Maschinenfabrik Gmbh | Bearbeitungsmaschine |
JP4571682B2 (ja) * | 2008-05-23 | 2010-10-27 | キタムラ機械株式会社 | 直方体形状のワークをクランプするワーククランプ方法及び装置 |
CN102470506B (zh) * | 2009-07-22 | 2014-11-26 | 株式会社捷太格特 | 工件的防滑方法以及装置 |
-
2013
- 2013-04-10 IT IT000092A patent/ITPD20130092A1/it unknown
- 2013-04-12 ES ES13727980.8T patent/ES2678623T3/es active Active
- 2013-04-12 US US14/782,324 patent/US20160045991A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2013-04-12 EP EP13727980.8A patent/EP2983859B1/en active Active
- 2013-04-12 WO PCT/IB2013/052916 patent/WO2014167385A1/en active Application Filing
- 2013-04-12 CN CN201380075487.3A patent/CN105431257A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE933124C (de) * | 1943-12-09 | 1955-09-15 | Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm | Kopier-Fraes- oder Schleifmaschine, insbesondere fuer Luftschraubenblaetter |
FR2407048A1 (fr) * | 1977-10-25 | 1979-05-25 | Poincenot Rene | Perfectionnement aux machines-outils pour l'usinage d'aubes de turbines |
CN1646247A (zh) * | 2002-01-31 | 2005-07-27 | 阿尔斯通技术有限公司 | 在加工机床或铣床中从各个方向加工毛坯的方法及装置 |
WO2012038064A1 (de) * | 2010-09-24 | 2012-03-29 | Starragheckert Ag | Verfahren und einrichtung zur bearbeitung von länglichen, nicht rotationssymmetrischen werkstücken in form von turbinenschaufeln |
CN102069223A (zh) * | 2010-12-08 | 2011-05-25 | 西安交通大学 | 一种双刀加工叶片的立式机床结构 |
Also Published As
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US20160045991A1 (en) | 2016-02-18 |
EP2983859B1 (en) | 2018-06-20 |
ES2678623T3 (es) | 2018-08-14 |
ITPD20130092A1 (it) | 2014-10-11 |
EP2983859A1 (en) | 2016-02-17 |
WO2014167385A1 (en) | 2014-10-16 |
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