CN1054080C - Three-way channel combined water coal slurry gasification nozzle with cyclone - Google Patents
Three-way channel combined water coal slurry gasification nozzle with cyclone Download PDFInfo
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- CN1054080C CN1054080C CN95111750A CN95111750A CN1054080C CN 1054080 C CN1054080 C CN 1054080C CN 95111750 A CN95111750 A CN 95111750A CN 95111750 A CN95111750 A CN 95111750A CN 1054080 C CN1054080 C CN 1054080C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a three-channel combined type coal water slurry gasifying nozzle with a cyclone. The coal water slurry gasifying nozzle is mainly composed of a center spray pipe, an inner circular spray pipe, an outer circular spray pipe, a cyclone and a cooling system. Under the function of the cyclone, a gasifying agent not only effectively enhances the atomizing angles, promotes the quick mixing of the gasifying agent and the fuel, and enhances the fuel conversion rate and the content of active components of the gas, but also effectively shortens the length of combustion flame, and thus, the service life of a gasification furnace is extended. In addition, the nozzle is well protected by a cooling system, and the service life of the nozzle is extended.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of fuel atomization and the device that mixes.
The clean and effective utilization of coal is a most active problem in the current coal scientific research, and coal gasification production synthesis gas, fuel gas, reducing gases are the most important approach that the clean and effective of coal utilizes.In numerous gasification process, people are generally good to be raw material with the water-coal-slurry, is that the jet of gasifying agent carries bed (or claiming air flow bed) technology with the oxygen-containing gas.The end of the seventies, U.S. Texaco development company and German Rule company have finished the intermediate experiment that the water-coal-slurry jet carries the gasification technology of bed, after this be used for the acetic acid plant that U.S. Eastman produces 100000 tons per year in succession, first overlaps commercialization combined cycle generation (IGCC) demonstration plant (U.S. power station) in the world, and Japanese Ye County is produced per year on 200,000 tons of synthetic ammonia installations.The core of this technology is the gasification nozzle of water-coal-slurry.
United States Patent (USP) U.S.Patant 3705108,3743606 discloses a kind of coal-water-slurry gasification nozzle respectively, and such nozzle has advantage simple in structure, easy to maintenance, but finds that there is following shortcoming in such nozzle in industrial actual the use:
(1) jet length of " flame " is longer, causes the interior refractory brick of gasification furnace seriously to ablate, and has shortened the service life of Gas-making Furnace;
(2) gasifying agent and fuel mix are relatively poor, gasification imperfection, effectively gas (CO+H
2) content of composition is lower, and CO
2Content is then higher, and the conversion ratio of carbon only is 96%;
(3) the nozzle abrasion is serious, and the life-span only is 2～3 months.
Above-mentioned shortcoming in view of prior art, influenced further developing of coal gasification engineering, branch of industry wishes that urgently relevant scientific worker makes improvements existing gasification nozzle for this reason, provides a kind of performance more excellent gasification nozzle, to promote the technological progress of coal gasification industry.
The objective of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming of prior art, designed a kind of gasification nozzle that has the three-way channel combined water coal slurry of cyclone, have long service life, the flame jet length is controlled, mixed aerosol is effective, the conversion ratio advantages of higher of carbon, can satisfy the requirement of branch of industry to gasification nozzle.
Design of the present invention is such, the inventor finds on the basis of being engaged in the coal scientific research for a long time: the quality of the gasification technology of water-coal-slurry (or being called for short the coal slurry gasification technology) depends primarily on the characteristic of gasification nozzle, and the Field Characteristics of nozzle and the formation of body of heater coupling.
As everyone knows, the coal water slurry gasification process is a kind of partial combustion oxidation reaction, it carries out under high temperature (1250～1450 ℃) usually, chemical reaction velocity is exceedingly fast, so whole gasification is determined by nozzle characteristic and mix (containing atomizing) process for mixing (containing atomizing) process control.In other words, gasification nozzle good and bad and determined the effect of coal water slurry gasification process with the Field Characteristics that the body of heater coupling forms.
The present invention imagines by the eddy flow speed that cyclone improves gasifying agent is set in the shower nozzle of gasifying agent, with the atomizing angle of optimization and improvement nozzle, thus the mixed aerosol effect of raising nozzle, the utilization rate (or conversion ratio) of raising carbon and effective gas (H
2+ CO) productive rate can shorten the length of combustion flame effectively after cyclone is set simultaneously, thereby play the effect of the refractory brick of protection Gas-making Furnace, has prolonged the life-span of stove; In addition, the present invention's imagination with the protection nozzle, prolongs the life-span of nozzle by arranged outside one cooling system at nozzle exit end; Make the nozzle of fuel outlet simultaneously by the material of selecting Wear-resistant, high-temperature resistant, thus the service life of improving nozzle greatly.
The present invention also is achieved in that the inventor has designed and produced a kind of three-way channel combined water coal slurry gasification nozzle with cyclone according to above-mentioned design, form concentric three-way type gasification nozzle by core jet pipe, interior ring spray pipe, outer shroud jet pipe, gasifying agent enters nozzle by central passage, outer annular space passage respectively, water-coal-slurry (or other fuel) enters nozzle by interior annular space passage, the mixing ratio of regulation and control gasifying agent and water-coal-slurry can make the combustion flame of nozzle exit foreshorten to suitable length (because mixing ratio is controlled by course of reaction, only can regulate and control) in small scope.
Said central passage is meant the space in the core jet pipe; Interior annular space passage is meant the annular space space that core jet pipe outer wall and interior ring spray inside pipe wall are constituted; Outer annular space passage is that interior ring spray pipe outer wall and outer shroud nozzle wall lack the annular space space that constitutes.
Said core jet pipe mainly is made up of centre pipe (being positioned at top) and center shower nozzle (being positioned at the bottom) two parts, affixed again forming after the two cooperates by machinery.The top of centre pipe is sealed with blind plate by flange, and the top of centre pipe is provided with the gasification agent inlet pipe, and the below of gasification agent inlet pipe is provided with connecting flange, and nationality helps it to match affixed with the top flange of interior ring conduit.
Ring spray pipe in said mainly is made up of interior ring conduit (being positioned at top) and ring spray head (being positioned at the bottom) two parts, affixed again forming after the two cooperates by machinery.The top of interior ring conduit is provided with connecting flange, nationality helps it to match affixed with connecting flange on the centre pipe, the top of interior ring conduit is provided with the fuel inlet pipe, and the below of fuel inlet pipe is provided with connecting flange, and nationality helps it to match affixed with the top flange of outer shroud conduit.
Said outer shroud jet pipe mainly is made up of outer shroud conduit (being positioned at top) and outer shroud shower nozzle (being positioned at the bottom) two parts, affixed again forming after the two cooperates by machinery.The top of outer shroud conduit is provided with connecting flange, nationality helps it to match affixed with the supravasal connecting flange of interior ring, the top of outer shroud conduit is provided with the gasification agent inlet pipe, and the below of gasification agent inlet pipe is provided with connecting flange, and nationality helps the flange Joint on it and the Gas-making Furnace subshell.
The interior contraction half-angle α of center shower nozzle is 15 °～60 °, and its outside angle of inclination beta is 30 °～60 °; The interior contraction half-angle γ of interior ring spray head and the outer angle of heel of center shower nozzle are consistent, and its outer angle of heel τ is 20 °～80 °; The interior contraction half-angle ε of outer shroud shower nozzle is 20 °～75 °.
In order to guarantee center shower nozzle, interior ring spray head, outer shroud shower nozzle three's concentricity, the outside at the center shower nozzle outside, interior ring spray head is respectively equipped with accurately machined flange, the outside camber line that nationality helps flange matches with the cylinder of the inboard of the cylinder of interior ring spray head inboard, outer shroud shower nozzle respectively, and keeps concentricity.
For the mixed aerosol effect of improving gasification nozzle and the length that shortens combustion flame, in the shower nozzle inner and outer rings shower nozzle of center, cyclone is set respectively.Said cyclone can be the axial screw slot type, also can be axial rotary vane type.Be arranged at the cyclone in the shower nozzle of center, its external diameter equates with the internal diameter of center shower nozzle, and cooperation is installed in the shower nozzle of center; The center of cyclone is a cylindrical cavity, and axle pivot internal diameter is 0.1～0.8 with the ratio of external diameter.Be arranged at the cyclone in the outer shroud shower nozzle, its external diameter equates with the internal diameter of outer shroud shower nozzle, and cooperation is installed in the outer shroud shower nozzle; The center of cyclone is a cylindrical cavity, and the diameter of cavity equates with the external diameter of the column part of interior ring spray head, and kink thereon, and the axle pivot radius of cyclone is 0.6～0.9 with the ratio of its outer radius.
Enter central passage and enter the gasifying agent of outer ring channel,, carry out strong mixed aerosol, improved the gasification property of nozzle effectively at the spout place and the fuel of gasification nozzle respectively by forming one eddy flow at a high speed behind the cyclone.
In order to protect nozzle, in the end of nozzle arranged outside cooling chamber, outside the arranged outside of ring spray pipe cooling worm, cooling fluid imports cooling chamber by inlet tube, behind coiled pipe, is discharged by outlet.
Said core jet pipe, outer shroud jet pipe, interior ring conduit, cooling chamber, cooling worm, cyclone, its material can be stainless steel, can also be Incone 1600 exotic materials, but interior ring spray head must be with metal material or high-temperature ceramic materials wear-resisting, anti-corrosion, heatproof.
Said gasifying agent can be air or oxygen content greater than 21% oxygen rich air or oxygen content greater than 99% pure oxygen, and it is decided by the technological requirement of gas making.
Said fuel also can be with naphtha, diesel oil, heavy oil, often subtract residual oil, pitch, rock page or leaf oil and other industrial waste except water-coal-slurry.When being raw material with the water slurry, the concentration of water-coal-slurry is preferably 58～80% (wt%).
Gasifying agent is 30～340m/s in the speed of nozzle exit, and fuel is 0.1～1.0m/s in the speed of nozzle exit, and the ratio of carbon amount is 0.6～1.6Nm in oxygen and the fuel
3/ kg.
Said nozzle should be operated under normal pressure～1.2MPa.
Further illustrate content of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the profile front view that has the three-way channel combined gasification nozzle of cyclone.
Fig. 2 is the A-A cutaway view partly that has the three-way channel combined gasification nozzle of cyclone.
Fig. 3 is the B-B vertical view partly that has the three-way channel combined gasification nozzle of cyclone.Wherein: 1---three-way channel combined gasification nozzle is mainly by core jet pipe, interior ring spray pipe, the combination of outer shroud jet pipe
Form; 2---cooling system, it mainly is made of cooling chamber 22 and coiled pipe 4; 3---the cooling fluid inlet tube, the one end communicates with cooling chamber 22; 4---coiled pipe, it is around in the outside of nozzle, and an end communicates with cooling chamber 22, the other end and cooling fluid
Outlet 5 links to each other; 5---coolant outlet; 6---the flange Joint on the connecting flange, it and gasification furnace; 7---gasification agent inlet pipe, gasifying agent enter in the outer annular space passage 16 thus; 8---fuel inlet pipe, fuel enter in the interior annular space passage 15 thus; 9---gasification agent inlet pipe, gasifying agent enter in the central passage 14 thus; 10---connecting flange; 11---connecting flange; 12---connecting flange; 13---connecting flange; 14---central passage; 14a---centre pipe, its top ends is provided with connecting flange 17, and top is provided with the gasification agent inlet pipe
9, the below of inlet tube 9 is provided with connecting flange 10, matches with center shower nozzle 28 in the lower end
Affixed; 15---interior ring passage is the annular space space that constitutes between centre pipe and the interior ring conduit; 15a---interior ring conduit, its top ends is provided with connecting flange 11, and top is provided with fuel inlet pipe 8,
The below of inlet tube 8 is provided with connecting flange 12, and lower end and interior ring spray 29 matches solid
Connect; 16---outer ring channel is the annular space space that constitutes between interior ring conduit and the outer shroud conduit; 16a---outer shroud conduit, its top ends is provided with connecting flange 13, and top is provided with the gasification agent inlet pipe
7, the below of inlet tube 7 is provided with connecting flange 6, matches with outer shroud shower nozzle 27 in the lower end
Affixed; 17---connecting flange, it is fixed in the top ends of centre pipe, the center is led with blind plate by it
The sealing of pipe top ends; 18---cyclone, its close-fitting are installed in the shower nozzle of center; 19---cyclone, its close-fitting are installed in the outer shroud shower nozzle; 20---flange, the outside of ring spray head in it is arranged on guarantees interior ring spray head and outer ring spray by it
Concentricity between the head;
21---flange, it is arranged on the outside of center shower nozzle, guarantees center shower nozzle and interior ring spray by it
Concentricity between the head;
22---cooling chamber, it is positioned at outer shroud shower nozzle outboard end place, is the lateral surface by the outer shroud shower nozzle
24, transition flange 25, becate pipe 26, and end face 23 formed spaces;
23---end face, be positioned at the end of nozzle, be fixed on the shell of outer shroud shower nozzle 27;
24---the lateral surface of outer shroud shower nozzle;
25---transition flange, it is fixed on the outer shroud shower nozzle lateral surface;
26---the becate pipe, its end and transition flange 25 Joints, the other end is solid mutually with end face 23
Connect, it the outside respectively with inlet tube 3, coiled pipe 4 Joints;
27---the outer shroud shower nozzle, its upper end is matched affixed with outer shroud conduit 16a;
28---the center shower nozzle, its upper end is matched affixed with centre pipe 14a;
29---interior ring spray head, its upper end is matched affixed with interior ring conduit 15a;
30---the spout of nozzle;
31---the annular nozzle passage, by the tapering part of center shower nozzle and the tapered portion branch of interior ring spray head
The space that constitutes; Fuel passes through this passage by speedup;
The interior contraction half-angle of α---center shower nozzle;
β---the inclination angle in the center shower nozzle outside;
The interior contraction half-angle of γ---interior ring spray head, its size is consistent with the angle of inclination beta in the center shower nozzle outside;
τ---the inclination angle in the interior ring spray head outside;
The interior contraction half-angle of ε---outer shroud shower nozzle.
Core jet pipe is by centre pipe 14a affixed the forming of matching with center shower nozzle 28;
Interior ring spray pipe is by interior ring conduit 15a and interior ring spray 29 affixed the forming of matching;
The outer shroud jet pipe is by outer shroud conduit 16a affixed the forming of matching with outer shroud shower nozzle 27;
Combine the core component of the said three-way channel combined nozzle of the present invention by core jet pipe, interior ring spray pipe, outer shroud jet pipe, its upper end nationality respectively helps connecting flange 10,11 mutually to locate affixed with interior ring spray pipe core jet pipe, nationality helps connecting flange 12,13 mutually to locate affixed with the outer shroud jet pipe interior ring spray pipe, nationality helps the flange 20 in the flange 21 in center shower nozzle 28 outsides, interior ring spray 29 outside, makes between center shower nozzle 28, interior ring spray 29, outer shroud shower nozzle 27 threes to keep concentricity.
The function of cyclone 18,19 is to make gasifying agent to form one high-speed rotational, and the atomizing angle when mixing to improve makes gas-solid mix the homogeneous that more becomes, and can shorten the length of combustion flame simultaneously effectively.
The interior contraction half-angle α of center shower nozzle is 15 °～60 °, its outside angle of inclination beta is 30 °～60 °, the interior contraction half-angle of interior ring spray head is γ, its size is consistent with the outside angle of inclination beta of center shower nozzle, the inclination angle τ in its outside is 20 °～80 °, and the interior contraction half-angle ε of outer shroud shower nozzle is 20 °～75 °.
External cooling fluid enters in the cooling chamber 22 through inlet tube 3, and then is discharged by outlet 5 through coiled pipe 4.Can protect nozzle effectively by cooling chamber, coiled pipe, improve the service life of nozzle.
According to the content that design of the present invention and accompanying drawing are showed, the three-way channel combined gasification nozzle of making that has cyclone shows following technique effect through trying out:
When being that 58～80% (wt%) are fuel with solid content, the oxygen with 99.8% is gasifying agent.Gasifying agent enters nozzle by central passage and outer ring channel respectively, water-coal-slurry enters nozzle by interior ring passage after annular nozzle passage 31 speedups, the two enters in the gasification furnace behind strong mixed aerosol at spout 30 places of nozzle, and carry out the partial combustion gasification reaction at the spout place, product after measured, wherein
Effective gas component (H
2+ CO) content is 83.36% (Vol%), improves 2.04% than prior art, effective gas productive rate 1.6935Nm
3/ kg improves 3% than prior art, consumes than oxygen
*Be 345.0Nm
3/ Nm
3, reducing by 2.5% than prior art, the conversion ratio of carbon is 98%, improves 2 percentage points than prior art.
* mean angle 1000Nm than the oxygen consumption
3Effective gas (H
2+ CO) oxygen consumption.
In a word, nozzle of the present invention had both kept the advantage of existing nozzle, overcome the shortcoming of its existence again, promptly prolonged the service life of the refractory material in nozzle and the gasification furnace, improve the composition of the effective gas of outlet, improve the carbon rate of rotation, reduce fuel and gasifying medium consumption, thereby promoted the technological progress of gas making industry significantly.
Claims (2)
1. three-way channel combined water coal slurry gasification nozzle that has cyclone, it is characterized in that said nozzle is by core jet pipe, interior ring spray pipe, outer shroud jet pipe, and the concentric triple channel gasification nozzle that combines of cyclone, all parts of cooling system, wherein:
Said core jet pipe, affixed again forming after mainly cooperating by machinery by centre pipe 14a and center shower nozzle 28 2 parts; Be provided with connecting flange 17 on the top of centre pipe 14a, and by flange 17 usefulness blind plates sealings, top is provided with gasification agent inlet pipe 9, and is provided with connecting flange 10 below inlet tube 9, top flange 11 matches affixed on flange 10 and the interior ring conduit; The interior contraction half-angle α of center shower nozzle 28 is 15 °～60 °, and its outside angle of inclination beta is 30 °～60 °, also is provided with flange 21 in the outside of center shower nozzle 28 (cylindrical section), cooperates to keep the concentricity of the two with the inboard of interior ring spray head with it;
Ring spray pipe in said, affixed again forming after mainly cooperating by machinery by interior ring conduit 15a and interior ring spray 29 2 parts; Top at interior ring conduit 15a is provided with connecting flange 11, match affixed with it with connecting flange 10 on the centre pipe, be provided with fuel inlet pipe 8 on the top of interior ring conduit, below inlet tube 8, also be provided with connecting flange 12, match affixed with top connecting flange 13 on the outer shroud conduit 16a with it; The interior contraction half-angle γ of interior ring spray 29 and the outer angle of heel of center shower nozzle 28 are consistent, the inclination angle τ in its outside is 20 °～80 °, also be provided with flange 20 in the outside of center shower nozzle 28 (cylindrical section), cooperate, to keep the concentricity of the two with its inboard with the outer shroud shower nozzle;
Said outer shroud jet pipe, affixed again forming after mainly cooperating by machinery by outer shroud conduit 16a and outer shroud shower nozzle 27 2 parts; Top at outer shroud conduit 16a is provided with connecting flange 13, match affixed with the supravasal connecting flange 12 of it and interior ring, top at outer shroud conduit 16a is provided with gasification agent inlet pipe 7, also is provided with connecting flange 6 below inlet tube 7, the flange Joint on it and the Gas-making Furnace subshell; The interior contraction half-angle ε of outer shroud shower nozzle is 20 °～75 °;
Said cyclone 18,19, they are installed in respectively in center shower nozzle 28 and the outer shroud shower nozzle 27, the external diameter of cyclone 18 equates with the internal diameter of center shower nozzle 28, axle pivot internal diameter is 0.1～0.8 with the ratio of external diameter, the external diameter of cyclone 19 equates with the internal diameter of outer shroud shower nozzle 27, the external diameter of the column part of the diameter of cavity and interior ring spray 29 equates that axle pivot radius is 0.6～0.9 with the ratio of its outer radius;
Said cooling system 2 mainly is made of cooling chamber 22 and coiled pipe 4, and cooling fluid enters cooling chamber 22 by inlet tube 3, is discharged by outlet 5 behind coiled pipe 4 again; Cooling chamber 22 is arranged at the outside of nozzle spout end, respectively by lateral surface 24, transition flange 25, the becate pipe 26 of outer shroud shower nozzle, and end face 23 formed spaces; Coiled pipe 4 is arranged on the outside of three-way channel combined nozzle Lower Half.
2. application that has the three-way channel combined water coal slurry gasification nozzle of cyclone is characterized in that this nozzle can be used for the production of synthesis gas, fuel gas or reducing gases.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN95111750A CN1054080C (en) | 1995-09-07 | 1995-09-07 | Three-way channel combined water coal slurry gasification nozzle with cyclone |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN95111750A CN1054080C (en) | 1995-09-07 | 1995-09-07 | Three-way channel combined water coal slurry gasification nozzle with cyclone |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1125163A CN1125163A (en) | 1996-06-26 |
| CN1054080C true CN1054080C (en) | 2000-07-05 |
Family
ID=5079000
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN95111750A Expired - Lifetime CN1054080C (en) | 1995-09-07 | 1995-09-07 | Three-way channel combined water coal slurry gasification nozzle with cyclone |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1054080C (en) |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3705108A (en) * | 1969-10-06 | 1972-12-05 | Texaco Development Corp | Synthesis gas generation |
-
1995
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Patent Citations (1)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3705108A (en) * | 1969-10-06 | 1972-12-05 | Texaco Development Corp | Synthesis gas generation |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100390462C (en) * | 2004-12-03 | 2008-05-28 | 唐艳芬 | Large space burning method of water coal slurry and its special device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1125163A (en) | 1996-06-26 |
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