CN112322814B - System and method for blowing hydrogen-containing gas into blast furnace - Google Patents
System and method for blowing hydrogen-containing gas into blast furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN112322814B CN112322814B CN202011383401.1A CN202011383401A CN112322814B CN 112322814 B CN112322814 B CN 112322814B CN 202011383401 A CN202011383401 A CN 202011383401A CN 112322814 B CN112322814 B CN 112322814B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/001—Injecting additional fuel or reducing agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/001—Injecting additional fuel or reducing agents
- C21B2005/005—Selection or treatment of the reducing gases
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Abstract
The invention discloses a blast furnace hydrogen-containing gas injection system, which comprises an injection device which is uniformly arranged at the center of a furnace body, the edge of the furnace body and a tuyere at intervals in the circumferential direction of a blast furnace, wherein the injection device comprises an inner pipe and a nozzle for injecting hydrogen-containing gas, a cooling liquid coil is arranged at the nozzle and provided with a cooling liquid input pipe and a cooling liquid output pipe, the cooling liquid input pipe and the cooling liquid output pipe are arranged between the inner pipe and an outer shell of the injection device, and the cooling liquid coil is arranged in a way that cooling liquid firstly flows through the part of the cooling liquid input pipe, which is positioned at the top of the nozzle, and then flows through other parts and returns to a cooling liquid output pipe.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of iron making and energy, in particular to a device and a method for blowing hydrogen-containing gas into a blast furnace.
Background
Blast furnace iron making is still the mainstream of current stage iron making in the context of global warming, and over 75% of the global iron and steel production is a carbon metallurgy and iron ore based blast furnace-converter production route that uses iron ore as a raw material for iron and steel production, while 90% of the global steel production is crude steel production. Obviously, the route adopts coke and coal powder as reducing agents and fuels, so that the energy consumption is high, the carbon emission is high, and the environmental pollution is serious. The process with the largest carbon dioxide emission amount in blast furnace ironmaking accounts for about 70-90% of the total carbon dioxide emission amount in the whole steel production. Because the blast furnace ironmaking process is mature in technology, high in production capacity and high in efficiency, blast furnace ironmaking is still the mainstream ironmaking method in the coming decades. The reduction of carbon dioxide generated in the blast furnace ironmaking process is very important, the operation technology of the blast furnace ironmaking cannot further reduce the emission of the carbon dioxide by means of fine material, high air temperature, oxygen-enriched coal injection, reasonable material distribution and the like, and the emission of the carbon dioxide can be further reduced by blowing hydrogen-containing gas into the blast furnace from the basic principle of the blast furnace ironmaking, so that the aims of low-carbon production and green development are fulfilled.
In the blast furnace, hydrogen is used as reducing gas to react with iron ore to generate water besides directly reducing iron, and carbon dioxide is not generated, so that the aim of reducing carbon dioxide emission is fulfilled.
In the blast furnace, a reducing gas in which hydrogen and carbon monoxide are mixed reacts with iron ore to produce water and carbon dioxide in addition to iron. The ratio of water to carbon dioxide produced can be controlled by adjusting the composition ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide in the blown gas.
The composition ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide is improved, so that the generation amount of water is increased, and the generation amount of carbon dioxide is reduced; decreasing the composition ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide decreases the amount of water produced and increases the amount of carbon dioxide produced. Therefore, the aim of reducing the emission of carbon dioxide can be achieved by improving the composition ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide.
The reducing gas that traditional blast furnace tuyere insufflates will be through the secondary distribution in the reflow zone, and the distribution is even, and the flow is suitable, because the reducing gas that the tuyere formed walks around the reflow zone root, flows into cubic area, and the air resistance in reflow zone is great, and the streamline of gaseous and the furnace wall in the cubic area are parallel, and the spacing distance is almost equal, and the air current distribution is even. The hydrogen-containing gas is injected into the blast furnace from the lower part or the waist of the blast furnace, the injection point is above the reflow zone, the reflow zone does not distribute the gas flow for the second time, the streamline of the gas in the blocky zone is parallel to the furnace wall, and the injected hydrogen-containing gas can only develop at the edge. Especially for a large blast furnace, hydrogen-containing gas is blown to the upper part of the reflow belt, the furnace diameter is too large, the hydrogen-containing gas is difficult to blow into the center and develops, the utilization rate of the hydrogen-containing gas is low, the gas flow can also cause scouring erosion to the furnace wall, and the service life of the furnace wall of the blast furnace is shortened.
The high temperature resistance, wear resistance and hydrogen corrosion resistance of the hydrogen-containing gas blowing device for the blast furnace are also keys for limiting whether the blowing process can be continuously carried out before the process of directly reducing the iron ore by the hydrogen-containing gas, and particularly after the hydrogen-containing gas is blown into the blast furnace by the blowing device, the gas can generate chemical reaction at a nozzle, so the durability of the nozzle material can influence the service life of the blowing device.
Those skilled in the art have made efforts to develop a hydrogen-containing gas blowing apparatus and method for a blast furnace, which can supply a large amount of hydrogen-containing gas to a deep position in the blast furnace and uniformly distribute the hydrogen-containing gas. Because the blowing device related to the method has good high-temperature resistance, wear resistance and hydrogen corrosion resistance, the reducing gas can be continuously blown and efficiently utilized under the blowing device, and finally the emission of carbon dioxide is greatly reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a blast furnace injection system and method capable of supplying a large amount of hydrogen-containing gas to a deep position in a blast furnace and uniformly distributing the hydrogen-containing gas.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides in a first aspect a blast furnace hydrogen-containing gas injection system, comprising an injection device disposed at the center of a furnace body, at the edge of the furnace body and at a tuyere at regular intervals in the circumferential direction of the blast furnace, the injection device comprising an inner tube for injecting hydrogen-containing gas and a nozzle, the nozzle being provided with a coolant coil, the coolant coil having a coolant input tube and a coolant output tube, the coolant input tube and the coolant output tube being disposed between the inner tube and an outer shell of the injection device, the coolant coil being arranged such that coolant first flows from the coolant input tube through a portion thereof at the top of the nozzle and then flows through the other portion and returns to the coolant output tube.
Furthermore, the outer shell and the inner tube are made of high-temperature-resistant, wear-resistant and hydrogen corrosion-resistant alloy materials.
Further, the alloy material was 2.25Cr1 Mo.
Further, the blowing devices arranged in the center of the shaft extend to 1/3 of the shaft diameter, and the blowing devices arranged at the edge of the shaft extend to 1/5 of the shaft diameter.
Furthermore, the shell is provided with a return air port at the nozzle, and the nozzle is provided with a flow guide inclined plane, so that part of the sprayed hydrogen-containing gas can enter between the inner pipe and the shell through the return air port. .
The invention also provides a method for blowing the hydrogen-containing gas into the blast furnace in a second aspect, which comprises the following steps:
(1) the method comprises the following steps of uniformly arranging blowing devices at the center of a furnace body, the edge of the furnace body and an air port at intervals in the circumferential direction of the blast furnace, wherein the blowing devices comprise inner pipes and nozzles for blowing hydrogen-containing gas;
(2) the cooling liquid coil is arranged at the nozzle and provided with a cooling liquid input pipe and a cooling liquid output pipe, the cooling liquid input pipe and the cooling liquid output pipe are arranged between the inner pipe and the shell of the blowing device, and the cooling liquid coil is arranged so that cooling liquid firstly flows through the part of the cooling liquid input pipe, which is positioned at the top of the nozzle, and then flows through other parts and returns to the cooling liquid output pipe;
(3) blowing hydrogen-containing gas into the blast furnace through a blowing device;
(4) the spray head is circularly cooled through the cooling liquid input pipe, the cooling liquid coil pipe and the cooling liquid output pipe.
Further, the blowing devices arranged in the center of the shaft extend to 1/3 of the diameter of the shaft, and the blowing devices arranged at the edge of the shaft extend to 1/5 of the diameter of the shaft.
Furthermore, the shell is provided with a return air port at the nozzle, and the nozzle is provided with a flow guide inclined plane, so that part of the sprayed hydrogen-containing gas can enter between the inner pipe and the shell through the return air port.
Further, the cooling liquid is water.
Further, the hydrogen-containing gas is hydrogen gas with the mass percent of 0-100%.
The blowing device is made of 2.25Cr1Mo alloy materials with high temperature resistance, hydrogen corrosion resistance and wear resistance, and can work for a long time in a high-strength and severe environment after being inserted into the lower part or the waist part of the blast furnace, so that the replacement frequency of the blowing device is obviously reduced, the maintenance cost can be reduced, and meanwhile, the continuous blowing of hydrogen-containing gas can be carried out, thereby improving the production efficiency of blast furnace iron making.
The blowing devices can be uniformly distributed at the lower part of the blast furnace body or around the furnace waist and inserted into the blowing devices with different depths according to the size of the blast furnace, so that the hydrogen-containing gas can be uniformly distributed in the furnace burden, and the hydrogen-containing gas in the blast furnace can be utilized more highly; meanwhile, the reaction ratio of the hydrogen and the iron ore can be improved, so that the emission of carbon dioxide generated in blast furnace ironmaking is reduced.
The conception, specific structure and technical effects of the present invention will be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to fully understand the purpose, characteristics and effects of the present invention.
Drawings
Figure 1 is a schematic view of the blowing device in a preferred embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a cooling liquid pipe arrangement of the blowing device in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a blowing device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention applied to a blast furnace;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the operation of the blowing device at the blast furnace shaft in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
figure 5 is a schematic view of the operation of the blowing device at the tuyere of the blast furnace in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical contents of the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be more clearly and easily understood by referring to the drawings attached to the specification. The present invention may be embodied in many different forms of embodiments and the scope of the invention is not limited to the embodiments set forth herein.
A blast furnace hydrogen-containing gas injection device according to the present invention is shown in fig. 1, and comprises an inner tube 2 which is resistant to high temperature and hydrogen corrosion and transports hydrogen-containing gas, a coolant tube (see the spirally wound coolant coil 4 of fig. 2) for maintaining the nozzle in normal operation in the combustion zone, an input tube 1 and an output tube 3 for coolant. The inner pipe 2 between the inner pipe and the outer casing of the blowing device is provided with the cooling liquid input pipe 1 and the output pipe 3, and the inner pipe is made of 2.25Cr1Mo alloy material with the advantages of high temperature resistance, hydrogen corrosion resistance and wear resistance. The lower part of the high-temperature hydrogen-rich furnace body or the inside of the furnace waist can ensure that the nozzle of the blowing device keeps a low-temperature state by the cooling liquid pipe of the blowing device, and the normal long-time work of the hydrogen-containing gas blowing device can be ensured by the lower temperature inside the blowing device. When the blowing device works, hydrogen-containing gas enters from the lower part of the blowing device, is sprayed out from a nozzle at the upper part of the blowing device, enters the lower part of a blast furnace body or the inside of a furnace waist and performs reduction reaction with iron ore to generate a certain amount of water and carbon dioxide. The temperature of the hydrogen-containing gas ranges from room temperature to 900 ℃. The shell 10 is provided with a return air port 11 at a nozzle, and the nozzle is provided with a flow guide inclined plane 12, so that part of the ejected hydrogen-containing gas can enter between the inner tube 2 and the shell 10 through the return air port 11.
Referring to fig. 2, the cooling liquid of the device enters from the input pipe 1 at the lower right, and according to the arrangement mode of the cooling liquid coil 4, the cooling liquid initially passes through the top of the nozzle and then flows through the whole outer part of the nozzle from top to bottom around the nozzle, so that the alloy material at the top of the nozzle can obtain the best cooling effect, and the whole nozzle can well maintain the low-temperature working state. Then, the cooling liquid will flow out from the output pipe 3 at the left of the blowing device, and the input pipe 1 at the right lower part continues to supply the cooling liquid, so as to achieve the effect of keeping the low temperature at the nozzle part of the blowing device. The cooling liquid is soft water.
Because the cooling liquid pipe 4 is arranged in a large area at the nozzle of the device and only the input pipe 1 and the output pipe 3 which are in small contact area with the injection device are arranged, the material can be cooled only at the nozzle, and the temperature of hydrogen gas in the inner pipe 2 can hardly be reduced. The setting of return-air inlet can make partial hydrogenous gas get into between shell and the inner tube, keeps reducing atmosphere and temperature stable, can protect coolant liquid input tube and output tube, avoids oxidation and thermal shock.
Referring to fig. 3, the blowing device 5 at the deep part of the furnace body and the blowing device 6 at the edge of the furnace body in the figure are uniformly inserted into different depth positions at the lower part or the waist of the furnace body, referring to fig. 4, so that the hydrogen-containing gas can be uniformly blown to the lower part or the waist of the furnace body by the blowing device to react with iron ore, and the uniform distribution and the efficient utilization of the hydrogen-containing gas in the blast furnace are realized; the blowing device 7 at the tuyere in fig. 3 is applied to the tuyere of the blast furnace, and is used as a spray gun for the hydrogen-containing gas of the blast furnace, see fig. 5, and can replace the conventional spray gun to realize the blowing of the hydrogen-containing gas at the tuyere due to the characteristics of high temperature resistance, hydrogen corrosion resistance and wear resistance.
The foregoing detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention has been presented. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations could be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the present teachings without departing from the inventive concept. Therefore, the technical solutions that can be obtained by a person skilled in the art through logical analysis, reasoning or limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concepts of the present invention should be within the scope of protection determined by the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A blast furnace hydrogen-containing gas injection system is characterized by comprising an injection device which is uniformly arranged at the center of a furnace body, the edge of the furnace body and a tuyere at intervals in the circumferential direction of a blast furnace, wherein the injection device comprises an inner pipe and a nozzle for injecting hydrogen-containing gas, a cooling liquid coil is arranged at the nozzle and provided with a cooling liquid input pipe and a cooling liquid output pipe, the cooling liquid input pipe and the cooling liquid output pipe are arranged between the inner pipe and a shell of the injection device, and the cooling liquid coil is arranged so that cooling liquid firstly flows through the part of the cooling liquid input pipe, which is positioned at the top of the nozzle, and then flows through the rest of the nozzle and returns to the cooling liquid output pipe; the shell is provided with an air return opening at the nozzle, and the nozzle is provided with a flow guide inclined plane, so that sprayed partial hydrogen-containing gas can enter between the inner pipe and the shell through the air return opening.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the outer shell and the inner tube are made of a high temperature, wear, and hydrogen corrosion resistant alloy.
3. The system of claim 2, wherein the alloying material is 2.25Cr1 Mo.
4. The blast furnace hydrogen-containing gas injection system according to claim 3, wherein the injection device provided at the center of the shaft extends to 1/3 of the diameter of the shaft, and the injection device provided at the edge of the shaft extends to 1/5 of the diameter of the shaft.
5. A method for blowing hydrogen-containing gas into a blast furnace is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) the blast furnace comprises a blast furnace body, a furnace body edge, a blast furnace body and a blowing device, wherein the blowing device is arranged at the center of the furnace body, the edge of the furnace body and a tuyere at intervals and comprises an inner pipe and a nozzle for blowing hydrogen-containing gas;
(2) the nozzle is provided with a cooling liquid coil which is provided with a cooling liquid input pipe and a cooling liquid output pipe, the cooling liquid input pipe and the cooling liquid output pipe are arranged between the inner pipe and the shell of the injection device, and the cooling liquid coil is arranged so that cooling liquid firstly flows through the part of the cooling liquid input pipe, which is positioned at the top of the nozzle, and then flows through other parts and returns to the cooling liquid output pipe; the shell is provided with an air return port at the nozzle, and the nozzle is provided with a flow guide inclined plane, so that sprayed partial hydrogen-containing gas can enter between the inner pipe and the shell through the air return port;
(3) blowing hydrogen-containing gas into the blast furnace through the blowing device;
(4) and the spray head is circularly cooled through the cooling liquid input pipe, the cooling liquid coil pipe and the cooling liquid output pipe.
6. The method of blowing hydrogen-containing gas into a blast furnace according to claim 5, wherein the blowing means provided at the center of the shaft is extended to 1/3 of the diameter of the shaft, and the blowing means provided at the edge of the shaft is extended to 1/5 of the diameter of the shaft.
7. The method of blowing hydrogen-containing gas into a blast furnace according to claim 6, wherein the coolant is water.
8. The method of blowing hydrogen-containing gas into a blast furnace according to claim 7, wherein the hydrogen-containing gas is a hydrogen-containing gas having a hydrogen gas content in a range of 0% to 100% by mass.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011383401.1A CN112322814B (en) | 2020-12-01 | 2020-12-01 | System and method for blowing hydrogen-containing gas into blast furnace |
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| CN202011383401.1A CN112322814B (en) | 2020-12-01 | 2020-12-01 | System and method for blowing hydrogen-containing gas into blast furnace |
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| CN112322814B true CN112322814B (en) | 2022-07-15 |
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| CN113502362A (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2021-10-15 | 山西晋南钢铁集团有限公司 | Method for improving heat of hydrogen metallurgy blast furnace |
| CN114134271B (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2022-12-06 | 昌黎县兴国精密机件有限公司 | Blowing regulation and control device and method for low-carbon smelting of blast furnace |
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| CN1125163A (en) * | 1995-09-07 | 1996-06-26 | 华东理工大学 | Three-way channel combined water coal slurry gasification nozzle with cyclone |
| CN110592301A (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2019-12-20 | 北京科技大学 | Blast furnace with oxygen-enriched coal injection tuyere and smelting process |
| CN209840074U (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2019-12-24 | 中环能源技术(天津)有限公司 | Self-cooling low-nitrogen combustion device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN203128602U (en) * | 2013-03-27 | 2013-08-14 | 葛慧 | Reducing gas heating and blowing equipment for blast furnace iron making |
| CN211339575U (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-08-25 | 内蒙古赛思普科技有限公司 | Reducing gas spray gun for molten pool blowing of smelting reduction furnace |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1125163A (en) * | 1995-09-07 | 1996-06-26 | 华东理工大学 | Three-way channel combined water coal slurry gasification nozzle with cyclone |
| CN209840074U (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2019-12-24 | 中环能源技术(天津)有限公司 | Self-cooling low-nitrogen combustion device |
| CN110592301A (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2019-12-20 | 北京科技大学 | Blast furnace with oxygen-enriched coal injection tuyere and smelting process |
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