CN105370339B - The decompressor of engine - Google Patents

The decompressor of engine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105370339B
CN105370339B CN201510489540.5A CN201510489540A CN105370339B CN 105370339 B CN105370339 B CN 105370339B CN 201510489540 A CN201510489540 A CN 201510489540A CN 105370339 B CN105370339 B CN 105370339B
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cam
aforementioned
rod
decompression
weight control
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CN105370339A (en
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坂本进
坂本进一
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Koshin Ltd
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Koshin Ltd
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  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of decompressor of engine is formed in the recess portion (22) of cam wheel (8): the relief groove (29) extended towards radial direction, the arcuation slot (30) extended towards circumferential direction.In relief groove (29), mobile columned relief cam (23) can be carried out by accommodating between decompression position at one end and the non-decompression position of the other end, when relief cam (23) position is in decompression position, it is formed from and is projected on cam surface (7a) in the opening portion (32) of cam surface (7a), position in non-decompression position, is then kept out of the way from opening portion (32).Recess portion (22) in cam wheel (8), equipped with swingable governor weight control-rod (24), the direction of generated centrifugal force, carries out bullet to governor weight control-rod (24) and pushes away when being rotated using spring (25) towards confrontation cam wheel (8).On governor weight control-rod (24), be formed with: being embedded in the arcuation slot (30) of cam wheel (8), and can in response to governor weight control-rod (24) rotation and promote relief cam (23) to carry out mobile decompression protrusion (41) between decompression position and non-decompression position.

Description

The decompressor of engine
Technical field
The present invention relates to: small engine of the use in pumping, grass trimmer (weed whacker, bush cutter) etc. In, the resistance to compression pression that can reduce piston when start-up function is carried out using hand pulling type starter, can be easy to be started The decompressor of the engine of operation.
Background technique
Previous known this decompressor, be be integrally formed with the cam for being used to be opened and closed inlet valve and exhaust valve it is convex On wheel gear, it is provided with and has decompression shaft and governor weight jaggy.When being started, a part of the circumferential surface of decompression shaft will Can be prominent from the opening of cam surface, and in the compression section of engine, push rod is up lifted via cam follower, therefore air-breathing Valve will be opened slightly, thus can reduce the resistance to compression pression of piston, start-up function can be made to become easy.After engine start, Governor weight will be moved using centrifugal force, and decompression shaft is rotated, and the notch of decompression shaft will face opening for cam surface Mouthful, so that not allowing inlet valve to open in Compressing Engineering, and common operating can be carried out.
The revealed decompressor of patent document 1, as shown in fig. 7, being in the timing gears 52 being integrally formed with cam 51 On, rotatable control-rod 55 is set, which is to be integrally formed with the Rellef cam shaft 54 with notch 53, and set It is equipped with rotatable governor weight 57, which is with the actuation pin 56 that can be engaged with control-rod 55.It is this Decompressor, when being started, the circumferential surface of a part of Rellef cam shaft 54 will and shape prominent from the opening of cam surface 51a At small clean and jerk portion, after starting, governor weight 57 will be moved using centrifugal force, and control-rod 55 will be with decompression shaft It is rotated centered on 54, notch 53 will face opening, and small clean and jerk portion will decorporate.
This revealed decompressor of patent document 1, the circumferential surface of a part of Rellef cam shaft 54 are directed towards cam surface 51a is prominent, and cam follower can smoothly operate on Rellef cam shaft 54, therefore start-up function is very smooth, still, with decompression The control-rod 55 that camshaft 54 is integrally formed is to constitute link mechanism together with governor weight 57, so construction is very complicated.
The revealed decompressor of patent document 2, as shown in figure 8, being in the cam wheel 62 integrally formed with cam 61 On, swingable governor weight 65 is set, is to be formed with that opening in cam surface 61a can be faced in the axle portion 64 of the governor weight 65 The notch section 63 of mouth.This decompressor, when being started, the end 63a of notch section 63 will face cam surface 61a On, after starting, governor weight 65 will be moved using centrifugal force, and axle portion 64 is rotated, and notch section 63 will Opening is faced, end 63a will decorporate.
The decompressor of this patent document 2, although number of parts is less, cam follower is on cam surface 61a When sliding, cam follower can be rapidly cross on the end 63a of notch section 63 suddenly, therefore can generate start-up function irregularity The problem of.
Existing technical literature
Patent document
Patent document 1: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 10-159524 bulletin
Patent document 2: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 11-81948 bulletin
Summary of the invention
The present invention is in view of exploitation completion is carried out the problem of aforementioned known techniques, is to provide: start-up function It is very smooth, and the decompressor of simple structure is as technical task of the invention.
As the technical solution for being used to solve aforementioned problems, the invention of present application is a kind of decompressor, is being carried out In compression section when start-up function, it will open inlet valve slightly to mitigate the resistance to compression pression of piston, have: cam tooth Wheel, which is wherein the cam being formed with for being opened and closed aforementioned inlet valve on one side, with aforementioned cam opposite side Another side is to be formed with recess portion;Governor weight control-rod is arranged on the recess portion of aforementioned cam gear, and can be with fulcrum Center is swung;And spring, it is by aforementioned governor weight control-rod direction: is produced when confrontation aforementioned cam gear rotation The direction of raw centrifugal force carries out bullet and pushes away, and decompressor is characterized in that, is also equipped with columned relief cam, is housed in It is formed in the recess portion of aforementioned cam gear and is in the relief groove extended towards the radial direction of aforementioned cam wheel, and can be It is moved between the non-decompression position of the decompression position of wherein one end of aforesaid vacuum slot and the wherein other end, in aforesaid vacuum When position, it will from the opening portion in aforementioned cam face is formed in toward being projected on aforementioned cam face, in aforementioned non-decompression position, It will be kept out of the way from aforementioned opening portion;It is formed with arcuation slot in the recess portion of aforementioned cam gear, which subtracted with aforementioned End on the inside of the radial direction of indent forms right angle, and extends toward the circumferential direction of aforementioned cam wheel, matches in aforementioned centrifugation Weight control-rod is formed with decompression protrusion, which is embedded in the arcuation slot of aforementioned cam gear, can be in response to aforementioned centrifugation The rotation of counterweight control-rod, and aforesaid vacuum cam is moved to decompression position and non-decompression position.
According to technical solution above-mentioned, when being started, because the bullet thrust amount of spring is greater than centrifugal force, centrifugation is matched Weight can't be rotated centered on fulcrum, and be held in stationary state, and the decompression protrusion of governor weight control-rod promotes Relief cam is mobile toward decompression position, is projected on cam surface from the opening portion of cam surface.Therefore, in the compression section of engine In, relief cam will open inlet valve slightly to mitigate the resistance to compression pression of piston.Usual operating condition after engine start When, because centrifugal force becomes greater than the bullet thrust amount of spring, governor weight control-rod will be using centrifugal force and with fulcrum Centered on rotated, the decompression protrusion of governor weight control-rod promotes relief cam mobile toward non-decompression position, and from cam The opening portion in face retreats, and keeps out of the way from cam surface.Therefore, in compression section, relief cam not actuation can be carried out unceasingly Common motion.
Preferably construction is in the recess portion of aforementioned cam gear, to be formed with: on the outside of the radial direction of aforesaid vacuum slot The arcuation recess portion that is connected of end be formed with: being embedded in aforementioned cam gear and on aforementioned governor weight control-rod In arcuation recess portion, can in response to aforementioned governor weight control-rod rotation and aforesaid vacuum cam is pressed and is maintained at non-decompression The pressing protrusion of position.According to this technical solution, in common operating, the pressing of governor weight control-rod is with protrusion Relief cam pressing is maintained at non-decompression position, accordingly it is possible to prevent occurring: relief cam is protruded because of the effect of centrifugal force The facts on to cam surface.
Preferably construction is that aforementioned governor weight control-rod is included to cover and is housed in aforesaid vacuum slot The shape of aforesaid vacuum cam.According to this technical solution, even if that other components for covering relief groove are not in addition arranged, It is also possible to prevent to be housed in the relief cam in relief groove from relief groove from de-.
According to the present invention, when being started, a part of the circumferential surface of columned relief cam, it will be projected into cam On face, cam follower will smoothly be run on Rellef cam shaft, therefore, be projected into the end of the notch of relief cam Traditional decompressor on circumferential surface compares, start-up function more smooth, and can mitigate the drawing for employing drawstring Power.Therefore, even old man or women can also be easy to be started in engine.In addition, because being to utilize governor weight Control-rod directly drives relief cam, therefore, can make relief cam with complete columned metal, construction becomes more Simply.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the front elevation for applying the engine of decompressor of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the perspective elevation of the valve activator of the engine of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the exploded perspective view of decompressor.
Fig. 4 is the front elevation of gear reducer.
Fig. 5 is the action diagram of decompressor (a) and (b) when non-decompression in decompression.
Fig. 6 is the relational graph for showing the operation step of decompressor and engine.
Fig. 7 is the skeleton diagram of traditional decompressor.
Fig. 8 is the skeleton diagram of traditional another decompressor.
(symbol description)
1: engine
7: cam
7a: cam surface
8: cam wheel
17: inlet valve
18: exhaust valve
21: decompressor
22: recess portion
23: relief cam
24: governor weight control-rod
25: spring
28: axle portion
29: relief groove
30: arcuation slot
31: arcuation recess portion
32: opening portion
39: fulcrum
41: decompression protrusion
42: protrusion is used in pressing
Specific embodiment
Hereinafter, high-ranking officer illustrates embodiments of the present invention with drawing.
Fig. 1 is the front elevation for applying small-sized four-journey engine 1 of the invention, and Fig. 2 is the perspective stereoscopic of valve activator Figure.Timing gears 5 are fixed in the crankshaft 4 in the crankcase 3 for being contained in the lower section of cylinder 2.In the side for being formed in cylinder 2 Cam box 6 in, be to accommodate: with cam 7 be integrally formed cam wheel 8 and a pair of cams tappet 9.Cam wheel 8 is It is supported in camshaft 10, and engages and is driven in rotation with timing gears 5.A pair of cams tappet 9 is rotationally to be arranged on On one axis 11, and includes and do the sliding contact portion 12 of sliding contact with the cam surface of cam 7 and can will be located at cylinder 2 Side the tappet 14 that up pushes up of push rod 13.Cylinder head 15 in the top of cylinder 2 is equipped with a pair of of rocker arm 16, rocker arm 16 Wherein one end system presses inlet valve 17 and exhaust valve 18 down, and wherein the other end is up pushed up by push rod 13.
It in the camshaft 10 of cam wheel 8, is installed with: by being wrapped around the hand pulling type employing the pulley of drawstring and being constituted Dynamic device 19 is held by and is mounted on the hand handle 20 of the end for employing drawstring and will employ if drawstring gives pulling, Jiu Huijing Rotated crankshaft 4 by cam wheel 8, timing gears 5, thus, so that it may be started engine 1.In cam tooth Wheel 8, accommodates decompressor 21 of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the perspective view of decompressor 21.Decompressor 21 be housed in be located on cam wheel 8 with cam 7 The circular recess 22 of this one side of opposite side, be by: relief cam 23, governor weight control-rod 24 and spring 25 are constituted 's.The recess portion 22 of cam wheel 8 is covered by outer cover 26.
As shown in figure 4, the recess portion 22 in cam wheel 8 is to be formed with: from the axis hole 27 chimeric with camshaft 10 Towards the relief groove 29 of radial direction extension, the arcuation slot 30 and arcuation recess portion 31 that extend towards radial direction beside axle portion 28.
The width of relief groove 29 is slightly larger than the diameter of relief cam 23, and depth is then the length ruler with relief cam 23 It is very little roughly the same.The end of the radial direction foreign side of relief groove 29 is the cam surface 7a for extending beyond cam 7, in cam surface 7a It is to be formed with opening portion 32.Also that is, relief groove 29 is connected with opening portion 32.The position of opening portion 32 is positioned at the upper of cam The middle at dead point and bottom dead centre, and be to be located at this side relatively close to top dead-centre to be preferred.The depth of arcuation slot 30 is and subtracts Indent 29 is identical.The middle part of arcuation slot 30 is connected with end square in the radial direction of relief groove 29.Therefore, arcuation slot 30 be with relief groove 29 formed right angle, and be to be formed it is T-shaped.The width of wherein one end of arcuation slot 30 be to be formed it is more another than wherein The width of one end is bigger.The depth of arcuation recess portion 31 is more shallow than the depth of relief groove 29.Wherein one end of arcuation recess portion 31 is It is connected with the end of the radial direction foreign side of relief groove 29.
As shown in figure 3, the recess portion 22 in cam wheel 8 is to be formed with: chimeric for the fulcrum 39 of governor weight control-rod 24 Axis hole 33, for install spring 25 protrusion 34, for spring 25 the locking of wherein one end locking protrusion 35 and outside The positioning of lid 26 protrusion 36.In addition, the inner circumferential of the recess portion 22 in cam wheel 8, is to be formed with: three stop holes 37 and Claw 38.
Relief cam 23 is made of metal and is cylindrical shape, and has the relief groove that can be housed in cam wheel 8 Diameter and length in 29.Relief cam 23 can one end of the radial direction foreign side of relief groove 29 decompression position and It is moved between the non-decompression position of the other end square in radial direction.The size of relief cam 23 is created as: It is to be projected on cam surface 7a from the opening portion of cam surface 7a 32, in non-decompression position when relief cam 23 is in decompression position When, then keep out of the way from opening portion 32.
Governor weight control-rod 24 is slightly in C font, is with the axis hole 33 for being fitted to cam wheel 8 in wherein one end Fulcrum 39 is then the notch 40 being formed with for 25 locking of spring in the wherein other end.Governor weight control-rod 24 is to be set At: by fulcrum 39 to be entrenched in the axis hole 33 of cam wheel 8, and can be swung centered on fulcrum 39.Match in centrifugation Weight control-rod 24 with the recess portion 22 of cam wheel 8 it is opposite to face, be to be equipped in parallel with the axle center of fulcrum 39: using Come be embedded in cam wheel 8 arcuation slot 30 decompression protrusion 41 and face cam wheel 8 arcuation recess portion 31 pressing use Protrusion 42.Although decompression protrusion 41 height be it is roughly the same with the depth of arcuation slot 30, pressing use protrusion 42 height It is then less than decompression protrusion 41, and is roughly the same with the depth of arcuation recess portion 31.
The end face for depressurizing the foreign side of protrusion 41 is that have the function of that cam effect can be generated for relief cam 23.Such as Fig. 5 Shown, governor weight control-rod 24 is can be: towards middle part close to the initial stage position after the rotation of the direction of the axle portion 28 of cam wheel 8 It sets and is left towards middle part and moved between the activated position after the direction rotation of the axle portion 28 of cam wheel 8.And it is Be fabricated to: in the early stage when position, decompression protrusion 41 is to release relief cam 23 to decompression position, pressing protrusion 42 be then from Relief cam 23 is kept out of the way.In activated position, decompression protrusion 41 promotes relief cam 23 to keep out of the way non-decompression position, and presses It is that the pressing of relief cam 23 is maintained at non-decompression position with protrusion 42.
Governor weight control-rod 24 is to be formed: during position and activated position carry out movement in the early stage for it, being utilized Its front end is attached to be covered with relief groove 29.It therefore, can also be with even if that other components for covering relief groove 29 are not in addition arranged Prevent the relief cam 23 being housed in relief groove 29 from relief groove 29 from de-.
As shown in figure 3, spring 25 is torque spring, and it is installed in the protrusion 34 of cam wheel 8.Wherein one end of spring 25 The notch 40 for being locked on governor weight control-rod 24, wherein the other end be locked on the recess portion 22 of cam wheel 8 locking it is prominent Play 35.Whereby, spring 25 can direction: confrontation cam wheel 8 acts on the centrifugal force of governor weight control-rod 24 when rotating Direction (in Fig. 5 (a), with direction represented by f), also pushed away that is, governor weight control-rod 24 is carried out bullet towards primary position, And relief cam 23 is carried out bullet towards decompression position to push away.
As shown in figure 3, outer cover 26 is the recess portion 22 for covering cam wheel 8, it is formed with: for cam wheel 8 The chimeric centre bore 43 of axle portion 28 is fitted into for the chimeric axis hole 44 of the fulcrum 39 of governor weight control-rod 24, for protrusion 34 Hole 45, the location hole 46 being fitted into for positioning protrusion 36.It in the periphery of outer cover 26, is formed with: to be locked on cam Three calvus 47 of three stop holes 37 of gear 8, for cam wheel 8 38 locking of claw notch 48.
Secondly, explanation has the function of the decompressor 21 of structure above-mentioned.
In the state that engine 1 stops, in order to start engine 1 using hand pulling type starter 19, pull rises and employs drawstring If rotating camshaft 10, cam wheel 8 just will do it rotation, through timing gears 5 crankshaft 4 be revolved Turn, piston will actuation.As shown in fig. 6, when piston 2a is being executed repeatedly: air-breathing, four stroke works of compression, expansion, exhaust During sequence, cigar lighter is set to light a fire using ignition coil, engine 1 is just started.
When engine 1 to be started, the manual operation done using hand pulling type starter 19, cam wheel 8 will will do it rotation Turn, therefore, as shown in Fig. 5 (a), acts on the centrifugal force F being accommodated on the governor weight control-rod 24 of cam wheel 8 very It is small.Therefore, the bullet thrust f that the spring 25 of governor weight control-rod 24 is acted on is greater than the centrifugal force of governor weight control-rod 24 F, therefore, governor weight control-rod 24 will be still in primary position.The decompression protrusion 41 of governor weight control-rod 24 will depressurize Cam 23, which is released, arrives decompression position, and relief cam 23 will be projected into cam from the opening portion of cam surface 7a 32 (please referring to Fig. 3) On the 7a of face.As a result, by as shown in fig. 6, in the compression section of engine 1, the sliding contact portion 12 of tappet 9 will be across On relief cam 23, tappet 9 will be rotated, and the tappet 14 of tappet 9 can up jack up push rod 13, and rocker arm 16 will Meeting actuation, inlet valve 17 will be opened slightly, and the resistance to compression pression of piston 2a will mitigate.
Relief cam 23 is complete cylindric, and does not have that notch of conventional apparatus.Therefore, tappet 9 Sliding contact portion 12 can be run on relief cam 23 from cam surface 7a to smooth very much.The sense blocked and had some setbacks is not had Touching is transmitted to rising for pull hand pulling type starter 19 and employs the user of drawstring, even old man or women can also be with smooths Ground executes the start-up function for utilizing hand pulling type starter 19.
Engine 1 start after, start if carrying out common operating, the rotation number of cam wheel 8 can rise, act on from The centrifugal force F of heart counterweight control-rod 24 can become larger.Therefore, centrifugal force F will become the bullet thrust f greater than spring 25, governor weight Control-rod 24 will be rotated centered on fulcrum 39 due to by centrifugal force F, be moved to activated position from primary position.Such as As soon as this, the strength that the decompression protrusion 41 of governor weight control-rod 24 releases relief cam 23 to decompression position is disappeared, And relief cam 23 is made to be moved to non-decompression position.As a result, relief cam 23 (will be asked from the opening portion of cam surface 7a 32 With reference to Fig. 3) it shrinks back, and keep out of the way down from cam surface 7a.Therefore, in compression section, the not actuation of relief cam 23, and Persistently carry out common motion.If governor weight control-rod 24 is moved to activated position, pressing protrusion 42 can will subtract The pressing of belling wheel 23 is maintained at non-decompression position, so can prevent: relief cam 23 is projected into due to by centrifugal force The facts on cam surface 7a.In addition, by the position for the weight or center of gravity for changing governor weight control-rod 24, or by change The coefficient of elasticity of spring 25 can be adjusted and subtract to adjust the centrifugal force of governor weight control-rod 24 and the bullet thrust of spring 25 The releasing period of the mechanism of decompressor performed by belling wheel 23.
If engine 1 stops, the centrifugal force for acting on governor weight control-rod 24 will disappear, the bullet thrust of spring 25 Just become and dominate, governor weight control-rod 24 will be moved to primary position shown in Fig. 5 (a) by the bullet thrust of spring 25. At this point, the decompression protrusion 41 of governor weight control-rod 24, relief cam 23 can be released and arrive decompression position, so that relief cam 23 From the opening portion of cam surface 7a 32, (please referring to Fig. 3) is projected on cam surface 7a, and is restored to and state identical when starting.
Because being in this way, to directly drive relief cam 23 using the decompression protrusion 41 of governor weight control-rod 24, So need not be on relief cam 23, that control-rod being integrally formed in conventional apparatus, relief cam 23 can use Complete columned made of metal, therefore construction becomes simpler.
In addition, the present invention is not limited in embodiment above-mentioned, various changes can be also made.In embodiment above-mentioned In, although being fabricated to: pressing protrusion 42 being arranged on governor weight control-rod 24, the pressing of relief cam 23 is maintained at Non- decompression position, but be also not necessarily intended to that this pressing protrusion 42 is arranged.This is because when carrying out common operating, even if false Determine relief cam 23 to be projected on cam surface 7a, as the sliding contact portion 12 of tappet 9 is being by pressing against relief cam 23, So that it is kept out of the way non-decompression position, thus can not allow relief cam 23 play decompression reason.It can be certainly but be based on It is relatively good to be still provided with pressing protrusion 42 for the considerations of promoting relief cam 23 to keep out of the way non-decompression position.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of decompressor of engine, in the compression section when carrying out start-up function, it will slightly opening inlet valve with Mitigate the resistance to compression pression of piston, which has: cam wheel, which be formed with for opening on one side The cam for closing aforementioned inlet valve is to be formed with recess portion in the another side with aforementioned cam opposite side;Governor weight control-rod, quilt The recess portion of aforementioned cam gear is set, and can be swung centered on fulcrum;And spring, it is to match aforementioned centrifugation Weight control-rod direction: the direction for fighting generated centrifugal force when aforementioned cam gear rotates carries out bullet and pushes away, which is characterized in that
The decompressor is also equipped with columned relief cam, is housed in the recess portion for being formed in aforementioned cam gear and is In the relief groove extended towards the radial direction of aforementioned cam wheel, and can be in the decompression position of wherein one end of aforesaid vacuum slot It is moved between the non-decompression position of the wherein other end, at aforesaid vacuum position, it will from being formed in aforementioned cam face Opening portion be projected on aforementioned cam face, in aforementioned non-decompression position, it will kept out of the way from aforementioned opening portion,
It is formed with arcuation slot in the recess portion of aforementioned cam gear, which is and the end on the inside of the radial direction of aforesaid vacuum slot Portion forms right angle, and extends toward the circumferential direction of aforementioned cam wheel,
It is formed with decompression protrusion in aforementioned governor weight control-rod, which is embedded in the arcuation of aforementioned cam gear Aforesaid vacuum cam can be moved to decompression position and non-decompression position in response to the rotation of aforementioned governor weight control-rod by slot.
2. the decompressor of engine as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that
Recess portion in aforementioned cam gear is formed with: the arcuation being connected with the end on the outside of the radial direction of aforesaid vacuum slot is recessed Portion,
It is formed in aforementioned governor weight control-rod: being embedded in the arcuation recess portion of aforementioned cam gear, and in response to aforementioned centrifugation The rotation of counterweight control-rod, and the pressing of aforesaid vacuum cam is maintained to the pressing protrusion of non-decompression position.
3. the decompressor of engine as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that
Aforementioned governor weight control-rod has the shape that can cover the aforesaid vacuum cam being housed in aforesaid vacuum slot.
CN201510489540.5A 2014-08-13 2015-08-11 The decompressor of engine Active CN105370339B (en)

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WO2020008611A1 (en) * 2018-07-05 2020-01-09 本田技研工業株式会社 Engine decompression device and engine
CN113153480B (en) * 2021-06-08 2022-11-29 含山县大颉机械有限公司 Engine camshaft pressure reducing mechanism

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JPH1181948A (en) * 1997-09-11 1999-03-26 Fuji Robin Ind Ltd Engine decompression device
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CN2628732Y (en) * 2003-06-03 2004-07-28 重庆市祥陵汽车配件有限公司 Universal gasoline engine starting decompressing apparatus
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TWI656278B (en) 2019-04-11
JP2016040459A (en) 2016-03-24
TW201606180A (en) 2016-02-16
CN105370339A (en) 2016-03-02
JP6386290B2 (en) 2018-09-05

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