CN105353409B - A kind of method and system for full waveform inversion focus to be inhibited to encode cross-talk noise - Google Patents
A kind of method and system for full waveform inversion focus to be inhibited to encode cross-talk noise Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of for inhibiting the method and system of full waveform inversion focus coding cross-talk noise.The method includes：Low-pass filtering is carried out to rate pattern newer in inverting iterative process；Principal component analysis is done to the rate pattern after low-pass filtering, determines the architectonic main signal direction in stratum；Directional filtering is done along main signal direction so that the focus different from main signal direction to be inhibited to encode cross-talk noise.The present invention is filtered on the direction of useful signal using the direction difference of signal and noise in full waveform inversion rate pattern, can be protected the integrality of useful signal and remove noise.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of geological exploration, specifically, being related to one kind for full waveform inversion focus to be inhibited to compile
The method and system of code cross-talk noise.
Background technology
In recent years, all-wave inversion theory obtains extensive concern in geological exploration field.All-wave inverting can improve routinely
Shake resolution ratio simultaneously obtains optimization data, improves the evaluating ability to geological resource, so that it is determined that exploiting field and advantageous well can be proposed
Suggest position.Due to the targeted target of geological prospecting not only surface geology complicated condition, and subsurface geological structure is also very complicated,
Therefore, it improves inversion accuracy and then to obtain quantitative reservoir characterization parameter extremely important.
It is required for that there are huge calculation amounts the methods of full waveform inversion and least-squares migration.It often needs in these methods
Want multiple forward simulation.Computational efficiency is improved in order to reduce calculation amount, focus coding techniques is produced, for different single shot records
It is encoded using the different coding techniques such as amplitude, phase, generates a super big gun collection, reduced in terms of the raising of forward modeling number by this
Calculate efficiency.But focus coding techniques can bring different degrees of cross-talk noise, and especially under frequency domain low frequency state, noise
It is even more serious.This causes the mistake convergence of refutation process or even is absorbed in the local extremum of inversion problem
At present, for the compacting of focus coding noise mostly using Regularization Technique or according to Moghaddam etc. 2010
It is proposed to coded sequence ensemble average or when in-migration eliminate cross-talk noise.But these methods are in data field that there are calculation amounts
Greatly, the drawbacks of program development is difficult.
Therefore, there is an urgent need for a kind of full waveform inversion focus being simple and efficient to encode crosstalk noise suppression method and system.
Invention content
The first technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to need to provide a kind of full waveform inversion focus volume being simple and efficient
Sequence disturbs noise suppression method and system.
For above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of side for full waveform inversion focus to be inhibited to encode cross-talk noise
Method includes the following steps：
Low-pass filtering is carried out to rate pattern newer in inverting iterative process；
Principal component analysis is done to the rate pattern after low-pass filtering, determines the architectonic main signal direction in stratum；
Directional filtering is done along main signal direction so that the focus different from main signal direction to be inhibited to encode cross-talk noise.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the rate pattern to after low-pass filtering does principal component analysis, determines
The architectonic main signal direction in stratum includes：
To the rate pattern difference calculated level direction after low-pass filtering and the gradient of vertical direction；
According to horizontal direction and the gradient of vertical direction structure gradient tensor matrix；
The architectonic main signal direction in stratum is determined based on gradient tensor matrix.
According to one embodiment of present invention, newer rate pattern carries out low-pass filtering in the iterative process to inverting
Including：
Using averaging low-pass wave, intermediate value low-pass filtering or Gaussian low pass wave method to being updated in inverting iterative process
Rate pattern be filtered, with eliminate noise generation High-frequency Interference.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the gauss low frequency filter in the Gaussian low pass wave method is：
Wherein, Hi,jFor discrete Gaussian convolution kernel function, σ2For variance, k is the dimension of Gaussian convolution nuclear matrix, and i is speed
The longitudinal coordinate in model filtering region, j are the lateral coordinates of rate pattern filter field.
According to one embodiment of present invention, it is described to do directional filtering along main signal direction and include：
Based on Gaussian smoothing method, mean value smoothing method or median smoothing method to the rate pattern after low-pass filtering
It is smoothed along main signal direction.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the gradient tensor matrix is：
Wherein,
For the gradient of the rate pattern after low-pass filtering in the horizontal direction；
For the gradient of the rate pattern after low-pass filtering vertically；
Represent the rate pattern after low-pass filtering.
According to another aspect of the present invention, it provides a kind of for inhibiting the full waveform inversion focus coding cross-talk noise to be
System, including：
Preprocessing module carries out low-pass filtering to rate pattern newer in inverting iterative process；
Principal component analysis module does principal component analysis to the rate pattern after low-pass filtering, determines stratum geology structure
The main signal direction made；
Directional filtering module does directional filtering so that the focus different from main signal direction to be inhibited to encode along main signal direction
Cross-talk noise.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the principal component analysis module further comprises：
Gradient computing unit, to the rate pattern difference calculated level direction after low-pass filtering and the ladder of vertical direction
Degree；
Tensor matrix calculation unit builds gradient tensor matrix according to horizontal direction and the gradient of vertical direction；
Main signal direction calculating unit determines the architectonic main signal direction in stratum based on gradient tensor matrix.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the preprocessing module is used for using averaging low-pass wave, intermediate value low pass filtered
Wave or Gaussian low pass wave method are filtered newer rate pattern in inverting iterative process, to eliminate noise production
Raw High-frequency Interference.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the directional filtering module is used for based on Gaussian smoothing method, mean value smoothing
Method or median smoothing method are smoothed the rate pattern after low-pass filtering along main signal direction.
The cross-talk noise that the present invention is brought for focus coding techniques carries out inverting using iconology directionality filtering principle
Model treatment in the process.Using the direction difference of signal in full waveform inversion rate pattern and noise, in the side of useful signal
Filtering upwards, can protect the integrality of useful signal and remove noise.Therefore crosstalk noise can be greatly reduced to bring
Negative effect, avoid the local extremum of inverting, increase the stability of inverting, inversion accuracy can be improved.
The present invention is to do filtering process with iconology principle to rate pattern newer in inverting iterative process, it is not necessary to right
Coded sequence data carry out integral operation.Therefore, computational methods of the invention are simple, and data operation quantity is small, can be efficiently high-precision
It protects useful signal and the accurate Fast Convergent of waveform inversion can be promoted in degree ground.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be illustrated in the following description, also, partly becomes from specification
It obtains it is clear that being understood by implementing the present invention.The purpose of the present invention and other advantages can be by specification, rights
Specifically noted structure is realized and is obtained in claim and attached drawing.
Description of the drawings
Attached drawing is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, and a part for constitution instruction, the reality with the present invention
It applies example and is used together to explain the present invention, be not construed as limiting the invention.
Fig. 1 is the step flow chart of the full waveform inversion focus coding crosstalk noise suppression method of the embodiment of the present invention one；
Fig. 2 is the first time inversion result for not inhibiting source code cross-talk noise to rate pattern newer in iterative process；
Fig. 3 is that the architectonic main letter in stratum that principal component analysis obtains is made to rate pattern according to the method for embodiment one
Number directional spreding schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is the inversion result for inhibiting source code cross-talk noise to rate pattern according to the method for embodiment one；
Fig. 5 is the structure diagram of the full waveform inversion focus coding crosstalk noise suppression system of the embodiment of the present invention two.
Specific embodiment
Since focus coding techniques can bring different degrees of cross-talk noise, the embodiment of the present invention is utilized in iconology
Principal component method carries out linear filtering to rate pattern newer in inverting iterative process, to retain in subsurface geological structure
Useful signal composition, inhibit focus coding cross-talk noise.
Newer rate pattern reflects subsurface geological structure in inverting iterative process, these are constructed with certain direction
Property.But there are certain differences for the noise direction of architectonic direction and focus coding.In the prior art to being based on focus
The noise management technique of the full waveform inversion method of coding can not only inhibit the noise that focus encodes, and can also make architectonic side
To thickening.If carrying out successive ignition inverting on this basis, the interference of bigger or even not restraining for inverting can be caused.
Direction otherness of the embodiment of the present invention based on useful signal and cross-talk noise, according to principal component adaptive-filtering
Device principle finds the direction of geological structure main signal.Then smoothing operation is done to rate pattern along this direction, so as to inhibit and master
The different focus coding noise of sense.
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is made below in conjunction with attached drawing further
Ground is described in detail.
Embodiment one
Fig. 1 is the step flow chart of the method for being used to that full waveform inversion focus to be inhibited to encode cross-talk noise of the present embodiment.
First, in step S101, low-pass filtering is carried out to rate pattern newer in inverting iterative process, to eliminate height
The interference caused by finding geological structure main signal direction of frequency noise.Specifically, it is low that averaging low-pass wave, intermediate value may be used
Pass filter or Gaussian low pass wave method are filtered rate pattern newer in iterative process, are made an uproar with eliminating
The High-frequency Interference that sound generates finds error during main signal direction so as to reduce.
In the present embodiment, it is preferred to use Gaussian low pass wave method.
Sampling point in inverting iterative process in newer rate pattern is represented by I (x, y).Rate pattern is divided into more
A filter field, the gauss low frequency filter for filter field are
Wherein, Hi,jFor discrete Gaussian convolution kernel function, σ2For variance, for adjusting the smoothness of filtering, k is Gauss
The dimension of convolution nuclear matrix, i are the longitudinal coordinate of rate pattern filter field, and j is the lateral coordinates of rate pattern filter field,
X is the longitudinal coordinate of rate pattern, and y is the lateral coordinates of rate pattern.
Rate pattern newer in iterative process is filtered using the low-pass filter of formula (1), is represented by rolling up
Long-pending form：
Wherein,For the rate pattern after low-pass filtering.
Then, in step s 102, principal component analysis is done to the rate pattern after low-pass filtering, determines stratum geology structure
The main signal direction made.
First, the rate pattern after low-pass filtering is calculated respectively in this step：
Then, gradient tensor matrix is built according to horizontal direction and the gradient of vertical direction：
Wherein,For gxConjugate matrices square,Conjugate matrices square for gy.
Finally, the principal component based on gradient tensor matrix determines the architectonic main signal direction in stratum.Wherein, main signal
It direction can be with geological structures such as reservoir, tomography, geologic high and the ancient stream channels in Precise Representation stratum.
Principal component method can carry out at noise reduction and de-redundancy the rate pattern after low-pass filtering in this step
Reason.Wherein, the purpose of noise reduction is exactly that the correlation between the dimension for remaining rate pattern is as small as possible, and " de-redundancy "
Purpose is exactly the energy for containing the dimension remained, i.e. variance is as big as possible.Therefore, the main signal direction energy finally obtained
The geological structure on enough accurate Characterization stratum.
Step S103 is finally performed, does directional filtering along main signal direction so that the focus different from main signal direction to be inhibited to compile
Code cross-talk noise.
Specifically, Gaussian smoothing method, mean value smoothing method or median smoothing method can be based on to low-pass filtering
Rate pattern later is smoothed along main signal direction.So that useful signal can be protected to the full extent.Together
When, due to noise and difference of the signal on direction, doing directional filtering along main signal direction can eliminate with main signal direction not
Consistent noise, and retain the effective information on main signal direction.It therefore, in this way can be while denoising utmostly
Retain useful signal, effectively suppress focus coding cross-talk noise.
It should be noted that in practical full waveform inversion iterative process, this reality can be used in each iteration
The method for applying example inhibits the focus of rate pattern to encode cross-talk noise, so as to increase the stability of refutation process, and can carry
The precision of high refutation process promotes waveform inversion Fast Convergent.
The following contents illustrates that the method in the present embodiment carries out rate pattern the result of focus coding noise processing.
Fig. 2 is the inversion result for not inhibiting source code cross-talk noise, it can be seen that the noise jamming of the rate pattern is very
Seriously, as continued iterative inversion on this basis, by not restraining for the interference for bringing bigger even inverting.
Fig. 3 is that the architectonic main letter in stratum that principal component analysis obtains is made to rate pattern according to the method for the present embodiment
Number directional spreding schematic diagram.Fig. 4 is the inversion result for inhibiting source code cross-talk noise to rate pattern.
Comparison diagram 2 and Fig. 4 can be seen that along main signal trend pass filtering, you can effective protection while noise is suppressed
Useful signal and tectonic information, the clear various geological structures shown in stratum.
Embodiment two
The present embodiment provides a kind of for inhibiting the system of full waveform inversion focus coding cross-talk noise.It as shown in figure 5, should
System includes preprocessing module 51, principal component analysis module 52 and directional filtering module 53.
Preprocessing module 51 is used to carry out low-pass filtering to rate pattern newer in inverting iterative process.Specifically,
Averaging low-pass wave, intermediate value low-pass filtering or Gaussian low pass wave method can be used to newer speed in inverting iterative process
Model is filtered, to eliminate the High-frequency Interference of noise generation.
Preferably, the gauss low frequency filter in Gaussian low pass wave method is：
Wherein, Hi,jFor discrete Gaussian convolution kernel function, σ2For variance, k is the dimension of Gaussian convolution nuclear matrix, and i is speed
The longitudinal coordinate in model filtering region, j are the lateral coordinates of rate pattern filter field.
Newer rate pattern in inverting iterative process is filtered using the low-pass filter of above formula, is represented by rolling up
Long-pending form：
Wherein,For the rate pattern after low-pass filtering.
Principal component analysis module 52 is connect with preprocessing module 51, for deciding to the rate pattern after low-pass filtering point
Amount analysis, determines the architectonic main signal direction in stratum.It further comprises that gradient computing unit 5201, tensor matrix calculate
Unit 5202 and main signal direction calculating unit 5203.
Gradient computing unit 5201 is used for the rate pattern difference calculated level direction after low-pass filtering and vertical side
To gradient.
Specifically, the rate pattern after low-pass filtering is calculated respectively：
Tensor matrix calculation unit 5202 builds gradient tensor matrix according to horizontal direction and the gradient of vertical direction.
Specifically, gradient tensor matrix is built according to horizontal direction and the gradient of vertical direction：
Wherein,For gxConjugate matrices square,Conjugate matrices square for gy.
Main signal direction calculating unit 5203 determines the architectonic main signal direction in stratum based on gradient tensor matrix.Its
In, main signal direction can be with geological structures such as reservoir, tomography, geologic high and the ancient stream channels in Precise Representation stratum.
Directional filtering module 53 is connect with principal component analysis module 52, for doing directional filtering along main signal direction to inhibit
The focus coding cross-talk noise different from main signal direction.Specifically, directional filtering module 53 is based on Gaussian smoothing method, mean value
Smoothing method or median smoothing method are smoothed the rate pattern after low-pass filtering along main signal direction.
So that useful signal can be protected to the full extent.Simultaneously as noise and difference of the signal on direction
Different, the noise inconsistent with main signal direction can be eliminated, and retain on main signal direction by doing directional filtering along main signal direction
Effective information.Therefore, it can utmostly retain useful signal while denoising in this way, effectively suppress focus coding
Cross-talk noise.
While it is disclosed that embodiment as above, but the content only to facilitate understand the present invention and adopt
Embodiment is not limited to the present invention.Any those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains are not departing from this
Under the premise of the disclosed spirit and scope of invention, any modification and change can be made in the implementing form and in details,
But the scope of patent protection of the present invention, still should be subject to the scope of the claims as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (8)
- A kind of 1. method for full waveform inversion focus to be inhibited to encode cross-talk noise, which is characterized in that include the following steps：Low-pass filtering is carried out to rate pattern newer in inverting iterative process；Principal component analysis is done to the rate pattern after low-pass filtering, determines the architectonic main signal direction in stratum；Directional filtering is done along main signal direction so that the focus different from main signal direction to be inhibited to encode cross-talk noise；Wherein, the rate pattern to after low-pass filtering does principal component analysis, determines the architectonic main signal side in stratum To including：To the rate pattern difference calculated level direction after low-pass filtering and the gradient of vertical direction；According to horizontal direction and the gradient of vertical direction structure gradient tensor matrix；The architectonic main signal direction in stratum is determined based on gradient tensor matrix.
- 2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in the iterative process to inverting newer rate pattern into Row low-pass filtering includes：Using averaging low-pass wave, intermediate value low-pass filtering or Gaussian low pass wave method to newer speed in inverting iterative process Degree model is filtered, to eliminate the High-frequency Interference of noise generation.
- 3. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, Gassian low-pass filter in the Gaussian low pass wave method The Gauss operator of device is：Wherein, Hi,jFor discrete Gaussian convolution kernel function, σ2For variance, k is the dimension of Gaussian convolution nuclear matrix, and i is rate pattern The longitudinal coordinate of filter field, j are the lateral coordinates of rate pattern filter field.
- 4. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described do directional filtering along main signal direction and include：It is main to the rate pattern edge after low-pass filtering based on Gaussian smoothing method, mean value smoothing method or median smoothing method Sense is smoothed.
- 5. according to the method described in claim 4, it is characterized in that, the gradient tensor matrix is：Wherein,For the gradient of the rate pattern after low-pass filtering in the horizontal direction；For the gradient of the rate pattern after low-pass filtering vertically；Represent the rate pattern after low-pass filtering.
- 6. a kind of system for full waveform inversion focus to be inhibited to encode cross-talk noise, which is characterized in that including：Preprocessing module carries out low-pass filtering to rate pattern newer in inverting iterative process；Principal component analysis module does principal component analysis to the rate pattern after low-pass filtering, determines that stratum is architectonic Main signal direction；Directional filtering module does directional filtering to inhibit the focus different from main signal direction along main signal direction Encode cross-talk noise；The principal component analysis module further comprises：Gradient computing unit, to the rate pattern difference calculated level direction after low-pass filtering and the gradient of vertical direction；Tensor matrix calculation unit builds gradient tensor matrix according to horizontal direction and the gradient of vertical direction；Main signal direction calculating unit determines the architectonic main signal direction in stratum based on gradient tensor matrix.
- 7. system according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the preprocessing module be used for using averaging low-pass wave, Intermediate value low-pass filtering or Gaussian low pass wave method are filtered newer rate pattern in inverting iterative process, with Eliminate the High-frequency Interference that noise generates.
- 8. system according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the directional filtering module is used for based on Gaussian smoothing side Method, mean value smoothing method or median smoothing method smoothly locate the rate pattern after low-pass filtering along main signal direction Reason.
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| CN109655891B (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2020-12-01 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method and system for overcoming full waveform inversion cycle skip |
| CN110441816B (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2020-06-02 | 中国科学院测量与地球物理研究所 | Non-crosstalk multi-seismic-source full-waveform inversion method and device independent of wavelets |
| CN111239806B (en) * | 2020-03-09 | 2021-06-22 | 吉林大学 | Time domain full waveform inversion method based on amplitude increment coding |
| CN113050163B (en) * | 2021-05-06 | 2022-05-03 | 中国矿业大学 | Amplitude and phase information adjustable full-waveform inversion method and device |
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