CN105301047B - A kind of overcritical freon local heat transfer system and its experimental method - Google Patents
A kind of overcritical freon local heat transfer system and its experimental method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105301047B CN105301047B CN201510740003.3A CN201510740003A CN105301047B CN 105301047 B CN105301047 B CN 105301047B CN 201510740003 A CN201510740003 A CN 201510740003A CN 105301047 B CN105301047 B CN 105301047B
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Abstract
A kind of overcritical freon local heat transfer system and its experimental method, the system includes by vacuumizing of forming of vavuum pump, refrigerant tank, refrigerant recovering charging machine, valve and the pipeline that is connected on major loop and freon fills module, the loop module being made up of canned motor pump and closed circuit pipeline, the backheat module being made up of regenerator and by-pass line, the warm-up block being made up of snakelike preheating section and dc source, the experiment module being made up of experimental section and related valve, by high-pressure nitrogen bottle, voltage-stablizer, safety valve and reducer unit into pressure adjusting module；Freon self-shileding pump discharge sets out and flows into experimental section after backheat, preheating, and condensed device cooling is last afterwards returns shielding pump intake, forms closed cycle；Present invention also offers the experimental method of the system；Present system can bear higher temperature operating mode and pressure working condition and ensure that freon steady-cycle in stable state can be run in the supercritical state, while and can accomplishes simple and rapid regulating system parameter.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to overcritical nuclear reactor thermal-hydraulic replication experiment studying technological domain, and in particular to Yi Zhongchao
Critical freon local heat transfer system and its experimental method.
Background technology
Supercritical water cooled nuclear reactor is six kinds of preferential hairs that the investigation of forth generation world nuclear energy forum (GIF) Paris can determine whether
One of the 4th generation of technology such as nuclear energy system of exhibition, using supercritical water as Core cooling agent, it is excellent to have that the thermal efficiency is high, design structure is simple etc. for it
Point.It is closely related as the fluid interchange characteristic of the supercritical water of Core cooling agent and the security of Supercritical-Pressure Light Water Cooled Reactor, therefore
Research to the hot-working hydraulic characteristic of supercritical water is particularly significant.Correlative study result shows, freon under super critical condition
Fluid interchange characteristic and the fluid interchange characteristic of supercritical water have great similarity, and the stagnation condition of freon is
4.059MPa, 101.06 DEG C far below water critical parameters 22.064MPa, 363.95 DEG C, therefore correlative study people both domestic and external
Member mostly using environment-friendly type freon (R-134a) as Substitute Working Medium come the overcritical heat transfer characteristic of Study of Fluid.
Overcritical local heat transfer system, what is mainly studied is that fluid interchange of the engineering field supercritical fluid in pipeline is special
Property, the coefficient of heat transfer of the fluid under supercritical cases with wall is obtained, heat exchange of the analysis supercritical fluid in flow process is strong
Weak change.Because working medium freon needs to be heated and pressurized supercriticality, therefore overcritical freon local heat transfer in experiment
Higher to requirements such as the heating efficiency of experimental loop, bearing capacity, Flow-rate adjustment ability, pressure regulating powers, this just needs reality
Check system has compared with full-order system configuration and higher bearing capacity and stable regulating power.
For example, Chinese Patent Application No. CN103308551A discloses a kind of surface coefficient of heat transfer of supercritical carbon dioxide
Measurement experiment apparatus and method.Its experimental provision includes the supercritical carbon dioxide circulatory system and injection water circulation system, and water exists
Measure and flowed in the annular space between line sections outer tube, measurement line sections inner tube, supercritical carbon dioxide is in measurement line sections inner tube
Middle carry out heat exchange.But the working medium that its experimental provision is directed to is that carbon dioxide is not suitable for freon, the experimental provision in addition
What is measured is that the coefficient of heat transfer application background between two fluids is petroleum industry, and the shooting flow measured in nuclear reactor engineering
The body coefficient of heat transfer generally refers to the coefficient of heat transfer between supercritical fluid and cladding nuclear fuels (wall), thus the experimental provision is uncomfortable
For nuclear reactor engineering thermal-hydraulic field.
And for example, Chinese Patent Application No. CN101413933A discloses a kind of flowing of supercritical fluid, heat transfer and heat absorption
React comprehensive measurement device.Including a hydrocarbon fuel container, micro-channel and heater and thermocouple and heat flow density sensing
Device, hydrocarbon fuel stream after tested intersegmental part micro-channel by physics it is heat sink with chemistry it is heat sink in a manner of take away amount of heat and reach
The purpose effectively cooled down to test section；Hydrocarbon fuel to tester after thermal cracking carries out proximate analysis；Utilize thermocouple
Carry out the temperature and heat flow of collecting test section with heat-flow density sensor.But its device working medium for being directed to is can thermal cracking
Hydrocarbon fuel and be not suitable for freon, in addition the comprehensive measurement device research be using aerospace industry as in the microchannel of background
Heat exchange, and be not suitable in pipeline more universal in nuclear reactor engineering field supercritical fluid and exchange heat.
For another example, U.S. Patent Application No. US7216498B2 discloses a kind of measurement Trans-critical cycle heat exchanger fluid pressure
Apparatus and method.But its device being directed to is heat exchanger and is only used for measuring pressure, it is impossible to carries out overcritical fluorine profit
High local heat transfer.
For another example, Canadian Patent CA2481885C also discloses that supercritical fluid pressure in a kind of measurement heat exchanger
The method and apparatus of power.But it can only measure the pressure of supercritical fluid in heat exchanger, shooting flow can not be carried out completely
The local heat transfer of body.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is not apply to or be unsatisfactory in nuclear engineering field for above-mentioned experimental provision or system to face super
The Research Requirements of boundary's freon heat exchange, there is provided a kind of overcritical freon local heat transfer system and its experimental method, the present invention
System can bear higher temperature operating mode and pressure working condition and ensure that freon steady-cycle in stable state can be run in the supercritical state, together
When and can accomplish simple and rapid regulating system parameter, can also be accurately acquired while the heat utilization efficiency of the system of raising a large amount of
Temperature, pressure, pressure drop, flow, the experiment parameter such as wall heat flux density can be to overcritical freon fluid interchange characteristic
Furtherd investigate.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
A kind of overcritical freon local heat transfer system, including the first valve 401 for being connected by pipeline with major loop and
The vavuum pump 1 of the upstream line of first valve 401 connection, the first valve 401 connection vavuum pump bleeding point and major loop, form system
Vacuumize module；Refrigerant tank 2, the second valve 402 on the top duct of refrigerant tank 2, by pipeline it is connected to second
The refrigerant recovering charging machine 3 in the downstream of valve 402 and the 3rd valve 403 on pipeline, the 3rd valve 403 pass through pipeline downstream
It is connected with major loop and then connects refrigerant tank 2 and refrigerant recovering charging machine 3 with major loop, forms the freon filling mould of system
Block；
On main circulation loop, respectively there are a threeway, vertical branch's difference of two threeways on the upstream and downstream pipeline of canned motor pump 9
It is connected by pipeline with the both ends of the 5th valve 405 and forms a bypass circulation, the bypass circulation assists the flow of regulation pump；
The 4th valve in first filter 801, the upstream line of first filter 801 in the upstream line of canned motor pump 9
404th, the temperature sensor 701 in the upstream line of the 4th valve 404, the first pressure in the upstream line of temperature sensor 701 pass
Sensor 601, their effect be respectively filter pump intake fluid, regulation pump intake flow, the temperature for monitoring pump intake fluid and
Pressure, the pump intake regulation monitoring module of composition described above system；
Threeway in the downstream line of canned motor pump 9 is connected by pipeline with the 6th valve 406, in the left end pipe of the 6th valve 406
Second pressure sensor 602 is disposed with road certain distance, second pressure sensor 602 is used for measuring the exit of canned motor pump 9
Fluid pressure；
The regenerator 10 that is connected on the left end pipeline of second pressure sensor 602, by pipeline it is in parallel with regenerator 10
Seven valves 407, the 7th valve 407 flow into the cold fluid flow of regenerator 10 by adjusting aperture control, form the backheat of system
Module；
The first electric control valve 501 in the downstream line of regenerator 10, the downstream line of the first electric control valve 501
On the second filter 802, the mass flowmenter 11 in the downstream line of the second filter 802, form the Flow-rate adjustment mould of system
Block；
Preheating section 12 is arranged on the downstream of mass flowmenter 11, and entrance, centre and the exit of preheating section 12 are separately installed with
The battery lead plate of pipeline is clamped, entrance, the battery lead plate in exit are connected with the negative pole of First dc source, middle battery lead plate
It is connected with the positive pole of First dc source, the 8th valve 408, composition described above system is installed in the downstream line of preheating section 12
Warm-up block；
One threeway is installed, a pipeline is drawn in two outlets of threeway respectively in the downstream line of the 8th valve 408；
The tenth valve 410, the 4th pressure sensor 604, horizontal experimental section 14, the 6th pressure difference is wherein sequentially installed with one article of pipeline to pass
Sensor 606, the 12nd valve 412, and the entrance of horizontal experimental section 14, centre and exit are separately installed with and clamp pipeline
Battery lead plate, entrance, the battery lead plate in exit be connected with the negative pole of second dc source, middle battery lead plate and second it is straight
The positive pole of stream power supply is connected；The 9th valve 409, the 3rd pressure sensor 603, vertical experiment are sequentially installed with another article of pipeline
The 13, the 5th differential pressure pickup 605 of section and the 11st valve 411, and the entrance of vertical experimental section 13, centre and outlet are pacified respectively
Equipped with the battery lead plate for clamping pipeline, entrance, the battery lead plate in exit are connected with the negative pole of the 3rd dc source, middle electricity
Pole plate is connected with the positive pole of the 3rd dc source；A threeway simultaneously is by after the 12nd valve 412 and the 11st valve 411
Pipeline imports the 13rd valve 413, and the 14th valve 414 has connected the downstream of vertical experimental section lower end and the 13rd valve 413
Pipeline, the experiment root module of two pipelines of the above and connecting valve with sensor group into system；
The downstream line of 13rd valve 413 connects the shell side inlet of regenerator 10, and the shell-side outlet of regenerator 10 passes through pipe
Road is connected with condenser 15；
Second electric control valve 502 and cooling pump 16, downstream line are installed on the upstream line pre-determined distance of condenser 15
Connection flow gauge 22 and cooling tower 17, the second electric control valve 502 automatically adjust cooling water flow, the cooling of composition described above system
Module；
15th valve 415 is installed to adjust by the hot fluid of condenser on the pipeline in parallel with condenser 15
Flow；
One threeway is installed in the downstream line of the 15th valve 415, the one outlet of threeway directly with the entrance of canned motor pump 9
It is connected, another outlet is connected by pipeline with voltage-stablizer 20, and the top of voltage-stablizer 20 is provided with safety valve 18, upper lateral part installation
There is hand reducing pressure valve 19, the top of voltage-stablizer 20 is connected by pipeline and the 16th valve 416 with high-pressure nitrogen bottle 21, by opening
The nitrogen closed in the 16th valve 416 control high-pressure nitrogen bottle 21 enters voltage-stablizer 20 and then system is boosted, and works as system
When pressure is higher than the safety margins pressure value set, the automatic take-off pressure release of safety valve 18, when system pressure is less than safety margins pressure
Force value and when being higher than working condition pressure, manually adjusts pressure-reducing valve 19 and loop is depressured, the pressure of composition described above system
Adjustment module.
Wherein the downstream of the 8th valve 408 until in the pipeline of the upstream of the 15th valve 415 flowing be hot freon, the
The downstream of 15 valve 415 in the pipeline of the upstream of the 8th valve 408 up to flowing for cold conditions freon.
The horizontal experimental section 14 is identical with the structure of vertical experimental section 13, the vertical overall length 1100mm of experimental section 13,
Upper and lower two negative poles spacing 870mm, per the wide 50mm of electrode plate, lower end negative plate is arranged on the position away from lower flange 115mm,
Upper end negative plate is arranged on the position away from upper flange 115mm, and positive plate is arranged on two negative plate middles；Apart from lower flange
A piece pressure guiding pipe is installed on 50mm pipeline with the 3rd pressure sensor 603 to be connected.Pacify on lower flange 100mm pipeline
Equipped with another pressure guiding pipe, also there is a pressure guiding pipe with the symmetrical top of the pressure guiding pipe, this two pressure guiding pipes are connected respectively to
The both ends of 5th differential pressure pickup 605.SMD thermocouple is arranged on the pipeline wall at the 35mm of lower end negative plate top
Tv1, SMD thermocouple Tv1-2, SMD thermocouple Tv2, SMD thermocouple Tv2-3, SMD heat are sequentially arranged afterwards
The distance between galvanic couple Tv3, SMD thermocouple Tv3-4 and SMD thermocouple Tv4, adjacent two thermocouples are 50mm；
SMD thermocouple Tv8 is arranged on the pipeline wall at upper negative plate bottom 35mm, is sequentially arranged SMD thermocouple afterwards
Tv7-8, SMD thermocouple Tv7, SMD thermocouple Tv6-7, SMD thermocouple Tv6, SMD thermocouple Tv5-6 and patch
The distance between chip thermocouple Tv5, adjacent two thermocouples are 50mm；SMD thermocouple Tv4 and SMD thermocouple
The distance between Tv5 is 100mm；The armouring heat being provided with above away from experimental section upper flange at 60mm inside an insertion pipeline
Galvanic couple Tout, for measuring the temperature of outlet freon.One insertion tube is installed below away from experimental section lower flange at 60mm
Armoured thermocouple Tin inside road, for measuring the temperature of porch freon.All thermocouples and pressure arranged on experimental section
Force snesor and differential pressure pickup are connected on signal processor 23 by collection plate, the measurement collection of composition described above system
Module.
The warm-up block of the experimental system and the pipe surface of experiment root module are coated with heat-insulation layer.
The heat-insulation layer includes the silicate aluminum board bag that warm-up block and experimental section module conduits surface are fixed on thin wire
Coating, the glass wool cloth being wrapped in outside silicate aluminum board clad, the aluminium-foil paper being pasted onto outside glass wool cloth.
The average thickness of the silicate aluminum board clad is more than 150mm.
The experimental method of overcritical freon local heat transfer system described above, water-filling was carried out to loop before on-test
Inflating pressure is hunted leak, it is ensured that loop No leakage under high pressure；
When carrying out vacuum pumping to loop, the valve 415 of the 4th valve 404 to the 15th keeps it turned on shape on major loop
State, vacuumize and the first valve 401 is opened on branch road, close the 3rd valve 403, open vavuum pump 1；
When loop fills freon, the freon R-134a being stored in refrigerant tank 2 is injected with refrigerant recovering charging machine 3
Into experimental system, the first valve 401 should be now closed, open the second valve 402 and the 3rd valve 403, keep major loop the
4 the 15th valve 404-415 are opening；
When stopping freon filling, refrigerant recovering charging machine 3 is first closed, turns off the second valve 402 and the 3rd valve
403；
When carrying out boost operations to the freon in loop, to allow the nitrogen in high-pressure nitrogen bottle 21 to enter voltage-stablizer 20,
The 16th valve 416 should be opened；
When carrying out reduced pressure operation to the freon in loop, hand reducing pressure valve 19 is opened；
When opening refrigerating module, the second electric control valve 502 is opened, opens cooling pump 16；
When adjusting circular flow, canned motor pump 9 is opened, the first electric control valve 501 is utilized according to the registration on flowmeter 11
Regulating loop circular flow；
When adjusting the bypass flow of canned motor pump 9, the 5th valve 405 is opened, adjusts its aperture；
When adjusting the bypass flow of regenerator 10, the 7th valve 407 is opened, adjusts its aperture；
When adjusting the bypass flow of condenser 15, the 15th valve 415 is opened, adjusts its aperture；
When adjusting cooling water flow, the second electric control valve 502 is adjusted according to the registration of flowmeter 22；
When adjusting warm-up power, the directly voltage output of dc source corresponding to regulation and electric current exports；
When adjusting test section heating power, the directly voltage output of dc source corresponding to regulation and electric current exports；
When carrying out horizontal segment experiment, the tenth valve 410 and the 12nd valve 412 are opened, closes the 9th valve 409 and the tenth
One valve 411, the 4th valve 404, the 5th valve 405, the 6th valve 406, the 7th valve 407, the 8th valve the 408, the 13rd
The valve 415 of valve 413 and the 15th is constantly in opening, the first valve 401, the second valve 402, the 3rd valve 403,
14 valves 414 and the 16th valve 416 are constantly in closed mode；
When the bottom-up flow direction of progress vertical section is tested, the 9th valve 409 and the 11st valve 411 are opened, closes the tenth
The valve 412 of valve 410 and the 12nd, the 4th valve 404, the 5th valve 405, the 6th valve 406, the 7th valve 407, the 8th valve
The 408, the 13rd valve 413 of door and the 15th valve 415 are constantly in opening, the first valve 401, the second valve 402, the
Three valves 403, the 14th valve 414 and the 16th valve 416 are constantly in closed mode；
Carry out vertical section from up to down flowing experiment when, open the tenth valve 410, the 12nd valve 412, the 11st valve
411 and the 14th valve 414, closes the 9th valve 409 and the 13rd valve 413, the 4th valve 404, the 5th valve 405, the
Six valves 406, the 7th valve 407, the 8th valve 408 and the 15th valve 415 are constantly in opening, the first valve 401,
Second valve 402, the 3rd valve 403 and the 16th valve 416 are constantly in closed mode；
Measurement acquisition module start recording pressure, pressure difference, flow, wall temperature are opened after loop steady-state operation half an hour
The test data of degree, fluid temperature (F.T.) and heating power.
Compared to the prior art compared with the present invention possesses following advantage：
1st, experimental system includes horizontally and vertically two sets of experimental sections, the can in the case where only changing valve switch state
Carry out horizontal tube local heat transfer and VERTICAL TUBE local heat transfer, perfect function, features simple structure are reliable.
2nd, fluid can be flowed to by adjusting the on off state rapid translating of different valves in vertical test section, research flow direction
Influence to the heat exchange of overcritical freon.When closing experimental section valve 410, valve 412, valve 414, valve 409, valve are opened
When door 411, valve 413, the vertical bottom-up flowing of tube fluid；When closing experimental section valve 409, valve 414, valve is opened
When door 410, valve 412, valve 411, valve 414, vertical tube fluid flows from up to down.Therefore it is comparable more easily to obtain
Heat exchange data in VERTICAL TUBE under two kinds of different flow directions.
3rd, experimental section preheating section uses bikini direct current electrical heating method, and voltage is low (0-15V) on pipeline, this method peace
Heating power complete and easy to control.
4th, loop is provided with backheat module, improves systematic heat utilization rate.During experiment, from the hot fluorine profit of experimental section outflow
It is high to enter regenerator 10, the cold fluid for flowing through regenerator is heated, improves the temperature of preheating section entrance, reduces preheating
Section heating power, improve the heat utilization efficiency of system.
5th, power cycle equipment uses canned motor pump, can effective prevent leakage.
6th, vacuumize and easily reach, freon filling is convenient, and has invented a kind of effective side for accelerating freon filling
Method.When filling freon, appropriate being heated using external heat source to the freon in refrigerant tank can accelerate adding for freon
Note.
7th, high-pressure nitrogen bottle and pressure-reducing valve combination pressure regulation, it is easy to pressure release of pressurizeing, system is provided with safety valve 18, and loop possesses super
Protective capability is pressed, it is safe.
8th, system adjustable operating mode is more, can carry out subcritical, critical, overcritical experiment condition.By adjusting adding for preheating section
Thermal power can control the temperature of experimental section porch freon, and control temperature can carry out subcritical heat exchange when being less than critical-temperature
Working condition experimenting, can carry out critical heat-exchanging state experiment when temperature is in critical point temperature, temperature can be entered when being higher than critical-temperature
The overcritical experiment condition of row.
9th, temperature, pressure monitoring point connection and reasonable arrangement, it is easy to grasp the physical state of freon in whole loop.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the system diagram of this experimental system.
Fig. 2 is experimental section thermocouple and pressure differential pressure pickup layout drawing.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples：
As shown in figure 1, a kind of overcritical freon local heat transfer system of the present invention, including be connected by pipeline with major loop
The vavuum pump 1 that is connected with the upstream line of the first valve 401 of the first valve 401, the first valve 401 connection vavuum pump bleeding point with
Major loop, form system vacuumizes module；Refrigerant tank 2, the second valve 402 on the top duct of refrigerant tank 2, pass through
Pipeline is connected to the refrigerant recovering charging machine 3 and the 3rd valve 403 on pipeline downstream in the downstream of the second valve 402, and the 3rd
Valve 403 is connected by pipeline with major loop to be connected and then by refrigerant tank 2 and refrigerant recovering charging machine 3 with major loop, composition system
The freon filling module of system；On main circulation loop, respectively there is a threeway on the upstream and downstream pipeline of canned motor pump 9, two threeways
Vertical branch is connected by pipeline with the both ends of the 5th valve 405 respectively forms a bypass circulation, and the bypass circulation assists regulation
The flow of pump；The 4th valve in first filter 801, the upstream line of first filter 801 in the upstream line of canned motor pump 9
404th, the temperature sensor 701 in the upstream line of the 4th valve 404, the first pressure in the upstream line of temperature sensor 701 pass
Sensor 601, their effect be respectively filter pump intake fluid, regulation pump intake flow, the temperature for monitoring pump intake fluid and
Pressure, the pump intake regulation monitoring module of composition described above system；Threeway in the downstream line of canned motor pump 9 passes through pipeline and the 6th
Valve 406 is connected, and second pressure sensor 602 is disposed with the left end pipeline certain distance of the 6th valve 406, and second pressure passes
Sensor 602 is used for measuring the Fluid pressure in the exit of canned motor pump 9；The backheat connected on the left end pipeline of second pressure sensor 602
Device 10, by pipeline seventh valve 407 in parallel with regenerator 10, the 7th valve 407 flows into backheat by adjusting aperture control
The cold fluid flow of device 10, form the backheat module of system；The first electric control valve in the downstream line of regenerator 10
501, the second filter 802 in the downstream line of the first electric control valve 501, the quality in the downstream line of the second filter 802
Flowmeter 11, form the Flow-rate adjustment module of system；Preheating section 12 is arranged on the downstream of mass flowmenter 11, and preheating section 12 enters
Mouthful, middle and outlet be respectively disposed with the battery lead plate for clamping pipeline, battery lead plate and First direct current at entrance and exit
The negative pole in source is connected, and middle electric current plate is connected with the positive pole of First dc source, is installed in the downstream line of preheating section 12
There are the 8th valve 408, the warm-up block of composition described above system；One threeway is installed in the downstream line of the 8th valve 408, three
A pipeline is drawn respectively in two logical outlets；Wherein the tenth valve 410, the 4th pressure sensing are sequentially installed with one article of pipeline
Device 604, horizontal experimental section 14, the 6th differential pressure pickup 606, the 12nd valve 412, and the entrance of horizontal experimental section 14, in
Between and exit be separately installed with the battery lead plate for clamping pipeline, entrance, exit battery lead plate respectively with second direct current
The negative pole in source is connected, and middle battery lead plate is connected with the positive pole of second dc source；Is sequentially installed with another article of pipeline
Nine valves 409, the 3rd pressure sensor 603, vertical experimental section 13, the 5th differential pressure pickup 605 and the 11st valve 411, and
And entrance, centre and the outlet of vertical experimental section 13 are separately installed with the battery lead plate for clamping pipeline, entrance, the electrode in exit
Plate is connected with the negative pole of the 3rd dc source, and middle battery lead plate is connected with the positive pole of the 3rd dc source；One simultaneously
Pipeline after 12nd valve 412 and the 11st valve 411 is imported the 13rd valve 413 by threeway, and the 14th valve 414 connects
Vertical experimental section lower end and the downstream line of the 13rd valve 413, the above two pipelines and connecting valve and sensor group into
The experiment root module of system；The downstream line of 13rd valve 413 connects shell side (zone of heat liberation) entrance of regenerator 10, backheat
Shell side (zone of heat liberation) outlet of device 10 is connected by pipeline with condenser 15；Pacify on the upstream line certain distance of condenser 15
Equipped with the second electric control valve 502 and cooling pump 16, downstream line connection flow gauge 22 and cooling tower 17, the second electric control valve
502 automatically adjust cooling water flow, the refrigerating module of composition described above system；The tenth is provided with the pipeline in parallel with condenser 15
Five valves 415 are adjusting the flow of the hot fluid by condenser；One three is provided with the downstream line of 15th valve 415
Logical, the one outlet of threeway is directly connected with the entrance of canned motor pump 9, and another outlet is connected by pipeline with voltage-stablizer 20, voltage stabilizing
The top of device 20 is provided with safety valve 18, and upper lateral part is provided with hand reducing pressure valve 19, and the top of voltage-stablizer 20 passes through pipeline and
16 valves 416 are connected with high-pressure nitrogen bottle 21, control the nitrogen in high-pressure nitrogen bottle 21 to enter by switching the 16th valve 416
Enter voltage-stablizer 20 and then system is boosted, when safety margins pressure value of the system pressure higher than setting, safety valve 18 is certainly
Dynamic take-off pressure release, when system pressure is less than safety margins pressure value and is higher than working condition pressure, manually adjust pressure-reducing valve
19 pairs of loops are depressured, the pressure adjusting module of composition described above system.
Arrows have gone out the flow direction of freon in Fig. 1, wherein the 8th valve (408) downstream is until the 15th valve
In the pipelines of 415 upstreams flowing for hot freon, the downstream of the 15th valve 415 is until the pipeline of the upstream of the 8th valve 408
Interior flowing for cold conditions freon.
As shown in Fig. 2 the horizontal experimental section 14 is identical with the structure of vertical experimental section 13, the vertical experimental section 13 is total
Long 1100mm, upper and lower two negative poles spacing 870mm, per the wide 50mm of electrode plate, lower end negative plate is arranged on away from lower flange 115mm
Position on, upper end negative plate be arranged on the position away from upper flange 115mm on, positive plate is arranged on two negative plate middles；
A piece pressure guiding pipe is installed on lower flange 50mm pipeline with the 3rd pressure sensor 603 to be connected.Apart from lower flange 100mm
Pipeline on another pressure guiding pipe is installed, also having a pressure guiding pipe with the symmetrical top of the pressure guiding pipe, this two pressure guiding pipes
It is connected respectively to the both ends of the 5th differential pressure pickup 605.Paster is arranged on the pipeline wall at the 35mm of lower end negative plate top
Formula thermocouple Tv1, be sequentially arranged afterwards SMD thermocouple Tv1-2, SMD thermocouple Tv2, SMD thermocouple Tv2-3,
The distance between SMD thermocouple Tv3, SMD thermocouple Tv3-4 and SMD thermocouple Tv4, adjacent two thermocouples
It is 50mm；SMD thermocouple Tv8 is arranged on the pipeline wall at upper negative plate bottom 35mm, is sequentially arranged afterwards SMD
Thermocouple Tv7-8, SMD thermocouple Tv7, SMD thermocouple Tv6-7, SMD thermocouple Tv6, SMD thermocouple
The distance between Tv5-6 and SMD thermocouple Tv5, adjacent two thermocouples are 50mm；SMD thermocouple Tv4 and paster
The distance between formula thermocouple Tv5 is 100mm；It is provided with above away from experimental section upper flange at 60mm inside an insertion pipeline
Armoured thermocouple Tout, for measure outlet freon temperature.Below away from experimental section lower flange one is provided with 60mm
Armoured thermocouple Tin inside individual insertion pipeline, for measuring the temperature of porch freon.All heat arranged on experimental section
Galvanic couple and pressure sensor and differential pressure pickup are connected on signal processor 23 by collection plate, composition described above system
Measure acquisition module.
As the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the warm-up block of the experimental system and the pipe surface of experiment root module
It is coated with heat-insulation layer.
Further, the heat-insulation layer includes the silicon that warm-up block and experimental section module conduits surface are fixed on thin wire
Sour aluminium sheet clad, the glass wool cloth being wrapped in outside silicate aluminum board clad, the aluminium-foil paper being pasted onto outside glass wool cloth.
Further, the average thickness of the silicate aluminum board clad is more than 150mm.
As shown in figure 1, the experimental method of the overcritical freon local heat transfer system of the present invention, entered before on-test to loop
Row water-filling inflating pressure is hunted leak, it is ensured that loop No leakage under high pressure；When carrying out vacuum pumping to loop, the 4th on major loop
The valve 415 of valve 404 to the 15th is kept it turned on, and vacuumizes and the first valve 401 is opened on branch road, closes the 3rd valve
403, open vavuum pump 1；When loop fills freon, the freon R- that will be stored at refrigerant recovering charging machine 3 in refrigerant tank 2
134a is injected into experimental system, should now close the first valve 401, opens the second valve 402 and the 3rd valve 403, is kept
The valve 415 of the 4th valve of major loop 404 to the 15th is opening；When stopping freon filling, first close refrigerant recovering and add
Note machine 3, turn off the second valve 402 and the 3rd valve 403；When carrying out boost operations to the freon in loop, to allow high pressure
Nitrogen in nitrogen cylinder 21 enters voltage-stablizer 20, should open the 16th valve 416；Reduced pressure operation is carried out to the freon in loop
When, open hand reducing pressure valve 19；When opening refrigerating module, the second electric control valve 502 is opened, opens cooling pump 16；Regulation follows
During circulation, canned motor pump 9 is opened, the regulating loop recycle stream of the first electric control valve 501 is utilized according to the registration on flowmeter 11
Amount；When adjusting the bypass flow of canned motor pump 9, the 5th valve 405 is opened, adjusts its aperture；Adjust the bypass flow of regenerator 10
When, the 7th valve 407 is opened, adjusts its aperture；When adjusting the bypass flow of condenser 15, the 15th valve 415, regulation are opened
Its aperture；When adjusting cooling water flow, the second electric control valve 502 is adjusted according to the registration of flowmeter 22；Adjust warm-up power
When, the directly voltage output of dc source corresponding to regulation and electric current exports；When adjusting test section heating power, directly regulation pair
Voltage output and the electric current output for the dc source answered；When carrying out horizontal segment experiment, the tenth valve 410 and the 12nd valve are opened
412, close the 9th valve 409 and the 11st valve 411, the 4th valve 404, the 5th valve 405, the 6th valve 406, the 7th valve
The 407, the 8th valve 408 of door, the 13rd valve 413 and the 15th valve 415 are constantly in opening, the first valve 401, the
Two valves 402, the 3rd valve 403, the 14th valve 414 and the 16th valve 416 are constantly in closed mode；Carry out vertical section
During bottom-up flow direction experiment, the 9th valve 409 and the 11st valve 411 are opened, closes the tenth valve 410 and the 12nd valve
412, the 4th valve 404, the 5th valve 405, the 6th valve 406, the 7th valve 407, the 8th valve 408, the 13rd valve 413
Opening, the first valve 401, the second valve 402, the 3rd valve 403, the 14th valve are constantly in the 15th valve 415
The 414 and the 16th valve 416 of door is constantly in closed mode；Carry out vertical section from up to down flowing experiment when, open the tenth valve
The 410, the 12nd valve 412 of door, the 11st valve 411 and the 14th valve 414, close the 9th valve 409 and the 13rd valve
413, the 4th valve 404, the 5th valve 405, the 6th valve 406, the 7th valve 407, the 8th valve 408 and the 15th valve
415 are constantly in opening, and the first valve 401, the second valve 402, the 3rd valve 403 and the 16th valve 416 are located always
In closed mode；Measurement acquisition module start recording pressure, pressure difference, flow, wall are opened after loop steady-state operation half an hour
The test data of temperature, fluid temperature (F.T.) and heating power.
Claims (5)
- A kind of 1. overcritical freon local heat transfer system, it is characterised in that：Including be connected by pipeline with major loop first The vavuum pump (1) that valve (401) connects with the first valve (401) upstream line, the first valve (401) connection vavuum pump bleeding point With major loop, form system vacuumizes module；Refrigerant tank (2), the second valve on refrigerant tank (2) top duct (402) the refrigerant recovering charging machine (3) in the second valve (402) downstream and on pipeline downstream, are connected to by pipeline Three valves (403), the 3rd valve (403) are connected by pipeline with major loop and then by refrigerant tank (2) and refrigerant recovering charging machine (3) connected with major loop, form the freon filling module of system；On main circulation loop, respectively there is a threeway on canned motor pump (9) upstream and downstream pipeline, the vertical branch of two threeways leads to respectively Piping is connected with the 5th valve (405) both ends forms a bypass circulation, and the bypass circulation assists the flow of regulation pump；The 4th valve in first filter (801), first filter (801) upstream line in canned motor pump (9) upstream line (404), the temperature sensor (701) in the 4th valve (404) upstream line, in temperature sensor (701) upstream line One pressure sensor (601), their effect are filtering pump intake fluid, regulation pump intake flow, monitoring pump intake stream respectively The temperature and pressure of body, the pump intake regulation monitoring module of composition described above system；Threeway in canned motor pump (9) downstream line is connected by pipeline with the 6th valve (406), in the 6th valve (406) left end Second pressure sensor (602) is disposed with pipeline certain distance, second pressure sensor (602) is used for measuring canned motor pump (9) The Fluid pressure in exit；It is the regenerator (10) that is connected on second pressure sensor (602) left end pipeline, in parallel with regenerator (10) by pipeline 7th valve (407), the 7th valve (407) flow into the cold fluid flow of regenerator (10), composition system by adjusting aperture control The backheat module of system；The first electric control valve (501) in regenerator (10) downstream line, the first electric control valve (501) downstream tube The mass flowmenter (11) on the second filter (802), the second filter (802) downstream line on road, form the stream of system Measure adjustment module；Preheating section (12) is arranged on mass flowmenter (11) downstream, and entrance, centre and the exit of preheating section (12) are installed respectively There is the battery lead plate for clamping pipeline, entrance, the battery lead plate in exit are connected with the negative pole of First dc source, middle electrode Plate is connected with the positive pole of First dc source, and the 8th valve (408), above group are provided with the downstream line of preheating section (12) Into the warm-up block of system；One threeway is installed, a pipeline is drawn in two outlets of threeway respectively in the downstream line of the 8th valve (408)；Its In the tenth valve (410), the 4th pressure sensor (604), horizontal experimental section (14), the 6th pressure are sequentially installed with one article of pipeline Gap sensor (606), the 12nd valve (412), and entrance, centre and the exit of horizontal experimental section (14) are separately installed with The battery lead plate of pipeline is clamped, entrance, the battery lead plate in exit are connected with the negative pole of second dc source, middle battery lead plate It is connected with the positive pole of second dc source；The 9th valve (409), the 3rd pressure sensor are sequentially installed with another article of pipeline (603), vertical experimental section (13), the 5th differential pressure pickup (605) and the 11st valve (411), and vertical experimental section (13) Entrance, centre and outlet be separately installed with the battery lead plate for clamping pipeline, entrance, the battery lead plate in exit and the 3rd direct current The negative pole of power supply is connected, and middle battery lead plate is connected with the positive pole of the 3rd dc source；A threeway simultaneously is by the 12nd valve Pipeline after door (412) and the 11st valve (411) imports the 13rd valve (413), and the 14th valve (414) has connected vertically The downstream line of experimental section lower end and the 13rd valve (413), two pipelines of the above and the valve that is connected and sensor group into The experiment root module of system；The shell side inlet of 13rd valve (413) downstream line connection regenerator (10), the shell-side outlet of regenerator (10) pass through Pipeline is connected with condenser (15)；Second electric control valve (502) and cooling pump (16) are installed, downstream line connects on the cooling water pipeline of condenser (15) Second flowmeter (22) and cooling tower (17) are connect, the second electric control valve (502) automatically adjusts cooling water flow, composition described above system The refrigerating module of system；15th valve (415) is installed to adjust by the hot fluid of condenser on the pipeline in parallel with condenser (15) Flow；One threeway is installed, a branch road of threeway passes through pipeline and canned motor pump (9) in the 15th valve (415) downstream line Entrance is connected, and another branch road is connected by pipeline with voltage-stablizer (20), and safety valve (18) is provided with the top of voltage-stablizer (20), Upper lateral part is provided with hand reducing pressure valve (19), and the top of voltage-stablizer (20) passes through pipeline and the 16th valve (416) and elevated pressure nitrogen Gas cylinder (21) is connected, and controls the nitrogen in high-pressure nitrogen bottle (21) to enter voltage-stablizer (20) by switching the 16th valve (416) And then system is boosted, when safety margins pressure value of the system pressure higher than setting, the automatic take-off of safety valve (18) is let out Pressure, when system pressure is less than safety margins pressure value and is higher than working condition pressure, pressure-reducing valve (19) is manually adjusted to returning Road is depressured, the pressure adjusting module of composition described above system；Wherein the 8th valve (408) downstream is hot freon up to the interior flowing of the pipeline of the 15th valve (415) upstream, the 15 valves (415) downstream in the pipeline of the 8th valve (408) upstream up to flowing for cold conditions freon；The horizontal experimental section (14) is identical with the structure of vertical experimental section (13), described vertical experimental section (13) overall length 1100mm, upper and lower two negative poles spacing 870mm, per the wide 50mm of electrode plate, lower end negative plate is arranged on away from lower flange 115mm's On position, upper end negative plate is arranged on the position away from upper flange 115mm, and positive plate is arranged on two negative plate middles；Away from A piece pressure guiding pipe is installed on the pipeline from lower flange 50mm with the 3rd pressure sensor (603) to be connected；Apart from lower flange 100mm Pipeline on another pressure guiding pipe is installed, also having a pressure guiding pipe with the symmetrical top of the pressure guiding pipe, this two pressure guiding pipes It is connected respectively to the both ends of the 5th differential pressure pickup (605)；Patch is arranged on the pipeline wall at the 35mm of lower end negative plate top Chip thermocouple Tv1, SMD thermocouple Tv1-2, SMD thermocouple Tv2, SMD thermocouple Tv2- are sequentially arranged afterwards 3rd, SMD thermocouple Tv3, SMD thermocouple Tv3-4 and SMD thermocouple Tv4, between adjacent two thermocouples away from From being 50mm；SMD thermocouple Tv8 is arranged on the pipeline wall at upper negative plate bottom 35mm, is sequentially arranged paster afterwards Formula thermocouple Tv7-8, SMD thermocouple Tv7, SMD thermocouple Tv6-7, SMD thermocouple Tv6, SMD thermocouple The distance between Tv5-6 and SMD thermocouple Tv5, adjacent two thermocouples are 50mm；SMD thermocouple Tv4 and paster The distance between formula thermocouple Tv5 is 100mm；It is provided with above away from experimental section upper flange at 60mm inside an insertion pipeline Armoured thermocouple Tout, for measure outlet freon temperature；Below away from experimental section lower flange one is provided with 60mm Armoured thermocouple Tin inside individual insertion pipeline, for measuring the temperature of porch freon；All heat arranged on experimental section Galvanic couple and pressure sensor and differential pressure pickup are connected on signal processor (23) by collection plate, composition described above system Measurement acquisition module.
- 2. overcritical freon local heat transfer system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The experimental system it is pre- The pipe surface of thermal modules and experiment root module is coated with heat-insulation layer.
- 3. overcritical freon local heat transfer system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The heat-insulation layer includes using Thin wire is fixed on the silicate aluminum board clad on warm-up block and experimental section module conduits surface, is wrapped in silicate aluminum board clad Outer glass wool cloth, the aluminium-foil paper being pasted onto outside glass wool cloth.
- 4. overcritical freon local heat transfer system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The silicate aluminum board cladding The average thickness of layer is more than 150mm.
- 5. the experimental method of the overcritical freon local heat transfer system described in any one of Claims 1-4, it is characterised in that： Water-filling inflating pressure leak detection was carried out to loop before on-test, it is ensured that loop No leakage under high pressure；When carrying out vacuum pumping to loop, the 4th to the 15th valve (404-415) is kept it turned on major loop, is taken out true The first valve (401) is opened on empty branch road, closes the 3rd valve (403), opens vavuum pump (1)；When loop fills freon, the inner freon R-134a of refrigerant tank (2) will be stored at refrigerant recovering charging machine (3) and injected Into experimental system, the first valve (401) should be now closed, opens the second valve (402) and the 3rd valve (403), keeps master The valve (404-415) of loop the 4th to the 15th is opening；When stopping freon filling, refrigerant recovering charging machine (3) is first closed, turns off the second valve (402) and the 3rd valve (403)；When carrying out boost operations to the freon in loop, to allow the nitrogen in high-pressure nitrogen bottle (21) to enter voltage-stablizer (20), The 16th valve (416) should be opened；When carrying out reduced pressure operation to the freon in loop, hand reducing pressure valve (19) is opened；When opening refrigerating module, the second electric control valve (502) is opened, opens cooling pump (16)；When adjusting circular flow, canned motor pump (9) is opened, the first electric control valve is utilized according to the registration on mass flowmenter (11) (501) regulating loop circular flow；When adjusting the bypass flow of canned motor pump (9), the 5th valve (405) is opened, adjusts its aperture；When adjusting the bypass flow of regenerator (10), the 7th valve (407) is opened, adjusts its aperture；When adjusting the bypass flow of condenser (15), the 15th valve (415) is opened, adjusts its aperture；When adjusting cooling water flow, the second electric control valve (502) is adjusted according to the registration of second flowmeter (22)；When adjusting warm-up power, the directly voltage output of dc source corresponding to regulation and electric current exports；When adjusting experimental section heating power, the directly voltage output of dc source corresponding to regulation and electric current exports；When carrying out horizontal segment experiment, the tenth valve (410) and the 12nd valve (412) are opened, the 9th valve (409) of closing and the 11 valves (411), the 4th valve (404), the 5th valve (405), the 6th valve (406), the 7th valve (407), the 8th valve Door (408), the 13rd valve (413) and the 15th valve (415) are constantly in opening, the first valve (401), the second valve Door (402), the 3rd valve (403), the 14th valve (414) and the 16th valve (416) are constantly in closed mode；When the bottom-up flow direction of progress vertical section is tested, the 9th valve (409) and the 11st valve (411) are opened, closes the tenth Valve (410) and the 12nd valve (412), the 4th valve (404), the 5th valve (405), the 6th valve (406), the 7th valve (407), the 8th valve (408), the 13rd valve (413) and the 15th valve (415) are constantly in opening, the first valve (401), the second valve (402), the 3rd valve (403), the 14th valve (414) and the 16th valve (416) are constantly in pass Closed state；Carry out vertical section from up to down flowing experiment when, open the tenth valve (410), the 12nd valve (412), the 11st valve (411) the 9th valve (409) and the 13rd valve (413), the 4th valve (404), the 5th and the 14th valve (414), are closed Valve (405), the 6th valve (406), the 7th valve (407), the 8th valve (408) and the 15th valve (415) are constantly in Opening, the first valve (401), the second valve (402), the 3rd valve (403) and the 16th valve (416) are constantly in pass Closed state；Measurement acquisition module start recording pressure, pressure difference, flow, wall surface temperature, stream are opened after loop steady-state operation half an hour The test data of temperature and heating power.
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