CN105301047A - Supercritical Freon heat exchange experiment system and experiment method thereof - Google Patents
Supercritical Freon heat exchange experiment system and experiment method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105301047A CN105301047A CN201510740003.3A CN201510740003A CN105301047A CN 105301047 A CN105301047 A CN 105301047A CN 201510740003 A CN201510740003 A CN 201510740003A CN 105301047 A CN105301047 A CN 105301047A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a supercritical Freon heat exchange experiment system and an experiment method thereof. The system comprises a vacuum and Freon injection module consisting of a vacuum pump, a coolant tank, a coolant recycling and injection machine, a valve and a pipeline connected to a main loop, a circulating module consisting of a shield pump and a closed type loop pipeline, a heat return module consisting of a heat regenerator and a bypass pipeline, a preheating module consisting of a snake-shaped preheating section and a direct current power supply, an experiment module consisting of an experiment section and a relevant valve, and a pressure adjustment module consisting of a high-pressure nitrogen bottle, a pressure stabilizer, a safety valve and a pressure reduction valve, wherein Freon flows into the experiment section after being subjected to heat regeneration and preheated from the outlet of the shield pump, and then finally returns to the inlet of the shield pump after being cooled by a condenser, thus forming a closed circulation. The invention further provides an experiment method of the system. The system can bear a higher-temperature working condition and a higher-pressure working condition, ensure that the Freon can run cyclically under a supercritical state, and also easily, conveniently and quickly adjust system parameters.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to overcritical nuclear reactor thermal-hydraulic replication experiment studying technological domain, be specifically related to a kind of overcritical freon local heat transfer system and experimental technique thereof.
Background technology
Supercritical water cooled nuclear reactor is one of six kinds of the 4th generation of technology such as nuclear energy system of first developing determining of international nuclear energy forum (GIF) Paris symposial of forth generation, it is Core cooling agent with supercritical water, has the advantages such as the thermal efficiency is high, project organization is simple.As the fluid interchange characteristic of the supercritical water of Core cooling agent and the security of Supercritical-Pressure Light Water Cooled Reactor closely related, therefore very important to the research of the hot-working hydraulic characteristic of supercritical water.Correlative study result shows, under super critical condition, the fluid interchange characteristic of freon and the fluid interchange characteristic of supercritical water have great similarity, and the stagnation condition of freon be 4.059MPa, 101.06 DEG C of critical parameters 22.064MPa far below water, 363.95 DEG C, therefore related researcher both domestic and external mostly adopt environment-friendly type freon (R-134a) as an alternative working medium carry out the overcritical heat transfer characteristic of Study of Fluid.
Overcritical local heat transfer system, main research be the fluid interchange characteristic of engineering field supercritical fluid in pipeline, obtain fluid under supercritical cases with the coefficient of heat transfer of wall, analyze the heat exchange power change of supercritical fluid in flow process.Because working medium freon in experiment needs to be heated and pressurized supercriticality, therefore overcritical freon local heat transfer requires higher to the heating efficiency, bearing capacity, flow regulation ability, pressure regulating power etc. of experimental loop, and this just needs experimental system to have compared with full-order system configuration and higher bearing capacity and stable regulating power.
Such as, Chinese Patent Application No. CN103308551A discloses a kind of experiments of measuring apparatus and method of surface coefficient of heat transfer of supercritical carbon dioxide.Its experimental provision comprises the supercritical carbon dioxide circulation system and injects water circulation system, and flow in the annular space of water in measuring tube line segment outer tube, measuring tube line segment between pipe, supercritical carbon dioxide carries out heat interchange in pipe in measuring tube line segment.But, its experimental provision for working medium be that carbon dioxide is not suitable for freon, what this experimental provision was measured in addition is coefficient of heat transfer application background between two fluids is petroleum industry, and the supercritical fluid coefficient of heat transfer measured in nuclear reactor engineering generally refers to the coefficient of heat transfer between supercritical fluid and cladding nuclear fuels (wall), thus this experimental provision is not suitable for nuclear reactor engineering thermal-hydraulic field.
And for example, Chinese Patent Application No. CN101413933A discloses a kind of flowing of supercritical fluid, heat transfer and absorbing reaction integrative measuring apparatus.Comprise a hydrocarbon fuel container, micro-channel and well heater and thermopair and heat-flow density sensor, the hydrocarbon fuel stream after tested micro-channel of intersegmental part is taken away amount of heat in the mode that physics is heat sink and chemistry is heat sink and is reached the object of test section being carried out to effective cooling; Hydrocarbon fuel after thermal cracking carries out proximate analysis to tester; Thermopair and heat-flow density sensor is utilized to come temperature and the heat flux of collecting test section.But, its device for working medium be the hydrocarbon fuel of thermal cracking can not be suitable for freon, in addition the research of this comprehensive measurement device is with space industry be background microchannel in heat exchange, and be not suitable for supercritical fluid heat exchange in pipeline more general in nuclear reactor engineering field.
For another example, U.S. Patent Application No. US7216498B2 discloses a kind of apparatus and method measuring Trans-critical cycle heat exchanger fluid pressure.But its for device be heat exchanger and be only used for measure pressure, the local heat transfer of overcritical freon can not be carried out.
For another example, Canadian Patent CA2481885C also discloses a kind of method and apparatus measuring supercritical fluid pressures in heat exchanger.But it can only measure the pressure of supercritical fluid in heat exchanger, the local heat transfer of supercritical fluid cannot be carried out completely.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for above-mentioned experimental provision or system is inapplicable or the Research Requirements that do not meet to overcritical freon heat exchange in nuclear engineering field, provide a kind of overcritical freon local heat transfer system and experimental technique thereof, present system can bear higher temperature operating mode and pressure working condition and guarantee that freon can stable state circular flow in the supercritical state, simple and rapid regulating system parameter can be accomplished again simultaneously, a large amount of temperature can also be accurately obtained while the heat utilization efficiency improving system, pressure, pressure drop, flow, the experiment parameters such as wall heat flux density can be furtherd investigate the fluid interchange characteristic of overcritical freon.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of overcritical freon local heat transfer system, comprise vacuum pump 1, first valve 401 that the first valve 401 of being connected with major loop by pipeline and the first valve 401 upstream line be connected and be communicated with vacuum pump bleeding point and major loop, what form system vacuumizes module; The 3rd valve 403 in refrigerant tank 2, the second valve 402 be arranged on refrigerant tank 2 top duct, the refrigerant recovering charging machine 3 being connected to the second valve 402 downstream by pipeline and its downstream line, 3rd valve 403 is connected with major loop by pipeline and then is communicated with major loop with refrigerant recovering charging machine 3 by refrigerant tank 2, the freon filling module of composition system;
On main circulation loop, canned motor pump 9 upstream and downstream pipeline respectively has a threeway, the vertical branch of two threeways to be connected with the 5th valve 405 two ends formation bypass circulation respectively by pipeline, and this bypass circulation assists the flow regulating pump;
The 4th valve 404, the temperature sensor 701 in the 4th valve 404 upstream line, the first pressure transducer 601 in temperature sensor 701 upstream line in the first filtrator 801, first filtrator 801 upstream line in canned motor pump 9 upstream line, their effect is filter pump inlet fluid respectively, regulates the temperature and pressure of pump intake flow, monitoring pump intake fluid, and the pump intake more than constituting system regulates monitoring module;
Threeway in canned motor pump 9 downstream line is connected with the 6th valve 406 by pipeline, and the 6th valve 406 left end pipeline certain distance is furnished with the hydrodynamic pressure that the second pressure transducer 602, second pressure transducer 602 is used for measuring canned motor pump 9 exit;
The regenerator 10 that second pressure transducer 602 left end pipeline connects, by pipeline seven valve 407, the seven valve 407 cold fluid flow by regulate aperture control flow into regenerator 10 in parallel with regenerator 10, the backheat module of composition system;
Be arranged on the mass flowmeter 11 in the second filtrator 802, second filtrator 802 downstream line in the first electric control valve 501, first electric control valve 501 downstream line in regenerator 10 downstream line, the flow regulation module of composition system;
Preheating section 12 is arranged on mass flowmeter 11 downstream, the entrance of preheating section 12, centre and exit are separately installed with the battery lead plate clamping pipeline, the battery lead plate in entrance, exit is connected with the negative pole of First direct supply, middle battery lead plate is connected with the positive pole of First direct supply, the downstream line of preheating section 12 is provided with the 8th valve 408, the warm-up block of above composition system;
The downstream line of the 8th valve 408 is provided with a threeway, two outlets of threeway draw a pipeline respectively; Wherein one article of pipeline is provided with successively the tenth valve 410, the 4th pressure transducer 604, horizontal experimental section 14, the 6th differential pressure pickup the 606, the 12 valve 412, and the entrance of horizontal experimental section 14, centre and exit are separately installed with the battery lead plate clamping pipeline, the battery lead plate in entrance, exit is connected with the negative pole of second direct supply, and middle battery lead plate is connected with the positive pole of second direct supply; Another article of pipeline is provided with successively the 9th valve 409, the 3rd pressure transducer 603, vertically experimental section 13, the 5th differential pressure pickup the 605 and the 11 valve 411, and the entrance of vertical experimental section 13, centre and outlet are separately installed with the battery lead plate clamping pipeline, the battery lead plate in entrance, exit is connected with the negative pole of the 3rd direct supply, and middle battery lead plate is connected with the positive pole of the 3rd direct supply; Pipeline after 12 valve the 412 and the 11 valve 411 is imported the 13 valve 413 by a threeway simultaneously, 14 valve 414 has been communicated with the downstream line of vertical experimental section lower end and the 13 valve 413, the experimental section module of above two pipelines and connection valve and sensor composition system;
13 valve 413 downstream line connects the shell side inlet of regenerator 10, and the shell-side outlet of regenerator 10 is connected with condenser 15 by pipeline;
Condenser 15 upstream line predeterminable range is provided with the second electric control valve 502 and cooling pump 16, and downstream line connection traffic meter 22 and cooling tower 17, second electric control valve 502 regulate cooling water flow, the refrigerating module of above composition system automatically;
The pipeline in parallel with condenser 15 is provided with the 15 valve 415 in order to regulate the flow of the hot fluid by condenser;
15 valve 415 downstream line is provided with a threeway, an outlet of threeway is directly connected with canned motor pump 9 entrance, another outlet is connected with voltage stabilizer 20 by pipeline, the top of voltage stabilizer 20 is provided with safety valve 18, upper lateral part is provided with hand reducing pressure valve 19, the top of voltage stabilizer 20 is connected with high-pressure nitrogen bottle 21 with the 16 valve 416 by pipeline, enter voltage stabilizer 20 by switch the 16 valve 416 nitrogen controlled in high-pressure nitrogen bottle 21 and then system is boosted, when system pressure is higher than the maximum safe limit force value set, safety valve 18 take-off pressure release automatically, when system pressure is lower than maximum safe limit force value and higher than working condition pressure, reduction valve 19 pairs of loops are manually regulated to carry out step-down, more than form the pressure adjusting module of system.
Wherein the 8th valve 408 downstream until the 15 valve 415 upstream pipeline in flowing be hot freon, the 15 valve 415 downstream until the 8th valve 408 upstream pipeline in flow be cold conditions freon.
Described horizontal experimental section 14 is identical with the structure of vertical experimental section 13, described vertical experimental section 13 overall length 1100mm, upper and lower two negative pole spacing 870mm, the wide 50mm of every electrode plate, lower end negative plate is arranged on apart from the position of lower flange 115mm, upper end negative plate is arranged on apart from the position of upper flange 115mm, and positive plate is arranged on two negative plate middles; The pipeline of distance lower flange 50mm is provided with a pressure guiding pipe be connected with the 3rd pressure transducer 603.The pipeline of distance lower flange 100mm is provided with another root pressure guiding pipe, and also have a pressure guiding pipe on the top with this pressure guiding pipe symmetry, these two pressure guiding pipes are connected respectively to the two ends of the 5th differential pressure pickup 605.The pipeline wall at 35mm place, negative plate top, lower end is arranged SMD thermopair Tv1, arrange SMD thermopair Tv1-2, SMD thermopair Tv2, SMD thermopair Tv2-3, SMD thermopair Tv3, SMD thermopair Tv3-4 and SMD thermopair Tv4 afterwards successively, the distance between two adjacent thermopairs is 50mm; The pipeline wall at 35mm place, upper negative plate bottom is arranged SMD thermopair Tv8, arrange SMD thermopair Tv7-8, SMD thermopair Tv7, SMD thermopair Tv6-7, SMD thermopair Tv6, SMD thermopair Tv5-6 and SMD thermopair Tv5 afterwards successively, the distance between two adjacent thermopairs is 50mm; Distance between SMD thermopair Tv4 and SMD thermopair Tv5 is 100mm; At 60mm place above experimental section upper flange, the armoured thermocouple Tout that is inserted pipe interior is installed, is used for measuring the temperature exporting freon.At 60mm place below experimental section lower flange, the armoured thermocouple Tin that is inserted pipe interior is installed, is used for measuring the temperature of porch freon.All thermopairs that experimental section is arranged and pressure transducer and differential pressure pickup are all connected on signal processor 23 by collection plate, the measurement acquisition module of above composition system.
The warm-up block of described experimental system and the pipe surface of experimental section module are coated with heat-insulation layer.
Described heat-insulation layer comprises the silicate aluminum board clad being fixed on warm-up block and experimental section module conduits surface with thin wire, is wrapped in the glass wool cloth outside silicate aluminum board clad, is pasted onto the aluminium-foil paper outside glass wool cloth.
The average thickness of described silicate aluminum board clad is greater than 150mm.
The experimental technique of overcritical freon local heat transfer system described above, carried out the leak detection of water-filling inflating pressure to loop before on-test, guarantees loop under high pressure No leakage;
When carrying out vacuum pumping to loop, on major loop, the 4th valve 404 is held open state to the 15 valve 415, vacuumizes on branch road and opens the first valve 401, closes the 3rd valve 403, opens vacuum pump 1;
During the filling freon of loop, with refrigerant recovering charging machine 3, the freon R-134a being stored at refrigerant tank 2 li is injected in experimental system, now should close the first valve 401, open the second valve 402 and the 3rd valve 403, keep major loop the four the 15 valve 404-415 to be opening;
When stopping freon filling, first close refrigerant recovering charging machine 3, then close the second valve 402 and the 3rd valve 403;
When boost operations is carried out to the freon in loop, for allowing the nitrogen in high-pressure nitrogen bottle 21 enter voltage stabilizer 20, the 16 valve 416 should be opened;
When reduced pressure operation is carried out to the freon in loop, open hand reducing pressure valve 19;
When opening refrigerating module, open the second electric control valve 502, open cooling pump 16;
When regulating circular flow, open canned motor pump 9, utilize the first electric control valve 501 regulating loop circular flow according to the registration on flowmeter 11;
When regulating the bypass flow of canned motor pump 9, open the 5th valve 405, regulate its aperture;
When regulating the bypass flow of regenerator 10, open the 7th valve 407, regulate its aperture;
When regulating the bypass flow of condenser 15, open the 15 valve 415, regulate its aperture;
When regulating cooling water flow, regulate the second electric control valve 502 according to the registration of flowmeter 22;
When regulating warm-up power, the voltage of corresponding direct supply is directly regulated to export and electric current output;
When regulating test section heating power, the voltage of corresponding direct supply is directly regulated to export and electric current output;
When carrying out horizontal segment experiment, open the tenth valve the 410 and the 12 valve 412, close the 9th valve the 409 and the 11 valve 411,4th valve 404, the 5th valve 405, the 6th valve 406, the 7th valve 407, the 8th valve the 408, the 13 valve the 413 and the 15 valve 415 are in opening always, and the first valve 401, second valve 402, the 3rd valve the 403, the 14 valve the 414 and the 16 valve 416 are in closed condition always;
When carrying out the experiment of the vertical section bottom-up flow direction, open the 9th valve the 409 and the 11 valve 411, close the tenth valve the 410 and the 12 valve 412,4th valve 404, the 5th valve 405, the 6th valve 406, the 7th valve 407, the 8th valve the 408, the 13 valve the 413 and the 15 valve 415 are in opening always, and the first valve 401, second valve 402, the 3rd valve the 403, the 14 valve the 414 and the 16 valve 416 are in closed condition always;
Carry out vertical section from up to down flowing experiment time, open the tenth valve the 410, the 12 valve the 412, the 11 valve the 411 and the 14 valve 414, close the 9th valve the 409 and the 13 valve 413,4th valve 404, the 5th valve 405, the 6th valve 406, the 7th valve 407, the 8th valve the 408 and the 15 valve 415 are in opening always, and the first valve 401, second valve 402, the 3rd valve the 403 and the 16 valve 416 are in closed condition always;
Open after loop steady-state operation half an hour and measure the test figure that acquisition module starts to record pressure, pressure reduction, flow, wall surface temperature, fluid temperature (F.T.) and heating power.
Compared to the prior art comparatively, the present invention possesses following advantage:
1, experimental system comprises level and vertical two cover experimental sections, and just can carry out horizontal tube local heat transfer and VERTICAL TUBE local heat transfer when only changing valve switch state, perfect function, features simple structure is reliable.
2, vertically test section inner fluid can flow to by regulating the on off state rapid translating of different valve, and research flows to the impact on overcritical freon heat exchange.When closedown experimental section valve 410, valve 412, valve 414, when opening valve 409, valve 411, valve 413, the bottom-up flowing of VERTICAL TUBE inner fluid; When closedown experimental section valve 409, valve 414, when opening valve 410, valve 412, valve 411, valve 414, VERTICAL TUBE inner fluid from up to down flows.Therefore the heat exchange data that in VERTICAL TUBE, two kinds of various flows are downward can be obtained more easily.
3, experimental section preheating section all adopts bikini direct current heating means, and pipeline powers on and forces down (0-15V), the method safety and heating power easy to control.
4, loop is provided with backheat module, improves systematic heat utilization rate.During experiment, the hot freon flowed out from experimental section enters regenerator 10, heats, improves the temperature of preheating section entrance, reduce preheating section heating power, improve the heat utilization efficiency of system to the cold fluid flowing through regenerator.
5, power cycle equipment adopts canned motor pump, can effective Leakage prevention.
6, vacuumize and easily reach, freon filling is convenient, and has invented a kind of method of effective acceleration freon filling.The utilize external heat source suitable when annotating freon can accelerate the filling of freon to the freon heating in refrigerant tank.
7, high-pressure nitrogen bottle and reduction valve are in conjunction with pressure regulation, and be easy to pressure release of pressurizeing, system is provided with safety valve 18, and loop possesses overpressure protection ability, and security is high.
8, system adjustable operating mode is many, can carry out subcritical, critical, overcritical experiment condition.By regulating the heating power of preheating section can the temperature of Control release section porch freon, control temperature can carry out subcritical heat-exchanging state experiment lower than during critical temperature, can carry out critical heat-exchanging state experiment when temperature is in critical point temperature, temperature can carry out overcritical experiment condition higher than during critical temperature.
9, temperature, pressure monitoring point connection and reasonable arrangement, is easy to the physical state grasping freon in whole loop.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the system diagram of this experimental system.
Fig. 2 is experimental section thermopair and pressure differential pressure pickup arrangenent diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in detail:
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of overcritical freon local heat transfer system of the present invention, comprise vacuum pump 1, first valve 401 that the first valve 401 of being connected with major loop by pipeline and the first valve 401 upstream line be connected and be communicated with vacuum pump bleeding point and major loop, composition system vacuumize module, the 3rd valve 403 in refrigerant tank 2, the second valve 402 be arranged on refrigerant tank 2 top duct, the refrigerant recovering charging machine 3 being connected to the second valve 402 downstream by pipeline and its downstream line, 3rd valve 403 is connected with major loop by pipeline and then is communicated with major loop with refrigerant recovering charging machine 3 by refrigerant tank 2, the freon filling module of composition system, on main circulation loop, canned motor pump 9 upstream and downstream pipeline respectively has a threeway, the vertical branch of two threeways to be connected with the 5th valve 405 two ends formation bypass circulation respectively by pipeline, and this bypass circulation assists the flow regulating pump, the 4th valve 404, the temperature sensor 701 in the 4th valve 404 upstream line, the first pressure transducer 601 in temperature sensor 701 upstream line in the first filtrator 801, first filtrator 801 upstream line in canned motor pump 9 upstream line, their effect is filter pump inlet fluid respectively, regulates the temperature and pressure of pump intake flow, monitoring pump intake fluid, and the pump intake more than constituting system regulates monitoring module, threeway in canned motor pump 9 downstream line is connected with the 6th valve 406 by pipeline, and the 6th valve 406 left end pipeline certain distance is furnished with the hydrodynamic pressure that the second pressure transducer 602, second pressure transducer 602 is used for measuring canned motor pump 9 exit, the regenerator 10 that second pressure transducer 602 left end pipeline connects, by pipeline seven valve 407, the seven valve 407 cold fluid flow by regulate aperture control flow into regenerator 10 in parallel with regenerator 10, the backheat module of composition system, be arranged on the mass flowmeter 11 in the second filtrator 802, second filtrator 802 downstream line in the first electric control valve 501, first electric control valve 501 downstream line in regenerator 10 downstream line, the flow regulation module of composition system, preheating section 12 is arranged on mass flowmeter 11 downstream, the entrance of preheating section 12, centre and outlet are furnished with the battery lead plate clamping pipeline respectively, the battery lead plate at entrance and exit place is connected with the negative pole of First direct supply, middle electric current plate is connected with the positive pole of First direct supply, the downstream line of preheating section 12 is provided with the 8th valve 408, the warm-up block of above composition system, the downstream line of the 8th valve 408 is provided with a threeway, two outlets of threeway draw a pipeline respectively, wherein one article of pipeline is provided with successively the tenth valve 410, the 4th pressure transducer 604, horizontal experimental section 14, the 6th differential pressure pickup the 606, the 12 valve 412, and the entrance of horizontal experimental section 14, centre and exit are separately installed with the battery lead plate clamping pipeline, the battery lead plate in entrance, exit is connected with the negative pole of second direct supply respectively, and middle battery lead plate is connected with the positive pole of second direct supply, another article of pipeline is provided with successively the 9th valve 409, the 3rd pressure transducer 603, vertically experimental section 13, the 5th differential pressure pickup the 605 and the 11 valve 411, and the entrance of vertical experimental section 13, centre and outlet are separately installed with the battery lead plate clamping pipeline, the battery lead plate in entrance, exit is connected with the negative pole of the 3rd direct supply, and middle battery lead plate is connected with the positive pole of the 3rd direct supply, pipeline after 12 valve the 412 and the 11 valve 411 is imported the 13 valve 413 by a threeway simultaneously, 14 valve 414 has been communicated with the downstream line of vertical experimental section lower end and the 13 valve 413, the experimental section module of above two pipelines and connection valve and sensor composition system, 13 valve 413 downstream line connects shell side (zone of heat liberation) entrance of regenerator 10, and shell side (zone of heat liberation) outlet of regenerator 10 is connected with condenser 15 by pipeline, condenser 15 upstream line certain distance is provided with the second electric control valve 502 and cooling pump 16, and downstream line connection traffic meter 22 and cooling tower 17, second electric control valve 502 regulate cooling water flow, the refrigerating module of above composition system automatically, the pipeline in parallel with condenser 15 is provided with the 15 valve 415 in order to regulate the flow of the hot fluid by condenser, 15 valve 415 downstream line is provided with a threeway, an outlet of threeway is directly connected with canned motor pump 9 entrance, another outlet is connected with voltage stabilizer 20 by pipeline, the top of voltage stabilizer 20 is provided with safety valve 18, upper lateral part is provided with hand reducing pressure valve 19, the top of voltage stabilizer 20 is connected with high-pressure nitrogen bottle 21 with the 16 valve 416 by pipeline, enter voltage stabilizer 20 by switch the 16 valve 416 nitrogen controlled in high-pressure nitrogen bottle 21 and then system is boosted, when system pressure is higher than the maximum safe limit force value set, safety valve 18 take-off pressure release automatically, when system pressure is lower than maximum safe limit force value and higher than working condition pressure, reduction valve 19 pairs of loops are manually regulated to carry out step-down, more than form the pressure adjusting module of system.
In Fig. 1, arrows has gone out the flow direction of freon, wherein the 8th valve (408) downstream until the 15 valve 415 upstream pipeline in flowing be hot freon, the 15 valve 415 downstream until the 8th valve 408 upstream pipeline in flow be cold conditions freon.
As shown in Figure 2, described horizontal experimental section 14 is identical with the structure of vertical experimental section 13, described vertical experimental section 13 overall length 1100mm, upper and lower two negative pole spacing 870mm, the wide 50mm of every electrode plate, lower end negative plate is arranged on apart from the position of lower flange 115mm, and upper end negative plate is arranged on apart from the position of upper flange 115mm, and positive plate is arranged on two negative plate middles; The pipeline of distance lower flange 50mm is provided with a pressure guiding pipe be connected with the 3rd pressure transducer 603.The pipeline of distance lower flange 100mm is provided with another root pressure guiding pipe, and also have a pressure guiding pipe on the top with this pressure guiding pipe symmetry, these two pressure guiding pipes are connected respectively to the two ends of the 5th differential pressure pickup 605.The pipeline wall at 35mm place, negative plate top, lower end is arranged SMD thermopair Tv1, arrange SMD thermopair Tv1-2, SMD thermopair Tv2, SMD thermopair Tv2-3, SMD thermopair Tv3, SMD thermopair Tv3-4 and SMD thermopair Tv4 afterwards successively, the distance between two adjacent thermopairs is 50mm; The pipeline wall at 35mm place, upper negative plate bottom is arranged SMD thermopair Tv8, arrange SMD thermopair Tv7-8, SMD thermopair Tv7, SMD thermopair Tv6-7, SMD thermopair Tv6, SMD thermopair Tv5-6 and SMD thermopair Tv5 afterwards successively, the distance between two adjacent thermopairs is 50mm; Distance between SMD thermopair Tv4 and SMD thermopair Tv5 is 100mm; At 60mm place above experimental section upper flange, the armoured thermocouple Tout that is inserted pipe interior is installed, is used for measuring the temperature exporting freon.At 60mm place below experimental section lower flange, the armoured thermocouple Tin that is inserted pipe interior is installed, is used for measuring the temperature of porch freon.All thermopairs that experimental section is arranged and pressure transducer and differential pressure pickup are all connected on signal processor 23 by collection plate, the measurement acquisition module of above composition system.
As the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the warm-up block of described experimental system and the pipe surface of experimental section module are coated with heat-insulation layer.
Further, described heat-insulation layer comprises the silicate aluminum board clad being fixed on warm-up block and experimental section module conduits surface with thin wire, is wrapped in the glass wool cloth outside silicate aluminum board clad, is pasted onto the aluminium-foil paper outside glass wool cloth.
Further, the average thickness of described silicate aluminum board clad is greater than 150mm.
As shown in Figure 1, the experimental technique of the present invention's overcritical freon local heat transfer system, carried out the leak detection of water-filling inflating pressure to loop before on-test, guaranteed loop under high pressure No leakage; When carrying out vacuum pumping to loop, on major loop, the 4th valve 404 is held open state to the 15 valve 415, vacuumizes on branch road and opens the first valve 401, closes the 3rd valve 403, opens vacuum pump 1; During the filling freon of loop, with refrigerant recovering charging machine 3, the freon R-134a being stored at refrigerant tank 2 li is injected in experimental system, now should close the first valve 401, open the second valve 402 and the 3rd valve 403, keep major loop the 4th valve 404 to be opening to the 15 valve 415; When stopping freon filling, first close refrigerant recovering charging machine 3, then close the second valve 402 and the 3rd valve 403; When boost operations is carried out to the freon in loop, for allowing the nitrogen in high-pressure nitrogen bottle 21 enter voltage stabilizer 20, the 16 valve 416 should be opened; When reduced pressure operation is carried out to the freon in loop, open hand reducing pressure valve 19; When opening refrigerating module, open the second electric control valve 502, open cooling pump 16; When regulating circular flow, open canned motor pump 9, utilize the first electric control valve 501 regulating loop circular flow according to the registration on flowmeter 11; When regulating the bypass flow of canned motor pump 9, open the 5th valve 405, regulate its aperture; When regulating the bypass flow of regenerator 10, open the 7th valve 407, regulate its aperture; When regulating the bypass flow of condenser 15, open the 15 valve 415, regulate its aperture; When regulating cooling water flow, regulate the second electric control valve 502 according to the registration of flowmeter 22; When regulating warm-up power, the voltage of corresponding direct supply is directly regulated to export and electric current output; When regulating test section heating power, the voltage of corresponding direct supply is directly regulated to export and electric current output; When carrying out horizontal segment experiment, open the tenth valve the 410 and the 12 valve 412, close the 9th valve the 409 and the 11 valve 411,4th valve 404, the 5th valve 405, the 6th valve 406, the 7th valve 407, the 8th valve the 408, the 13 valve the 413 and the 15 valve 415 are in opening always, and the first valve 401, second valve 402, the 3rd valve the 403, the 14 valve the 414 and the 16 valve 416 are in closed condition always; When carrying out the experiment of the vertical section bottom-up flow direction, open the 9th valve the 409 and the 11 valve 411, close the tenth valve the 410 and the 12 valve 412,4th valve 404, the 5th valve 405, the 6th valve 406, the 7th valve 407, the 8th valve the 408, the 13 valve the 413 and the 15 valve 415 are in opening always, and the first valve 401, second valve 402, the 3rd valve the 403, the 14 valve the 414 and the 16 valve 416 are in closed condition always; Carry out vertical section from up to down flowing experiment time, open the tenth valve the 410, the 12 valve the 412, the 11 valve the 411 and the 14 valve 414, close the 9th valve the 409 and the 13 valve 413,4th valve 404, the 5th valve 405, the 6th valve 406, the 7th valve 407, the 8th valve the 408 and the 15 valve 415 are in opening always, and the first valve 401, second valve 402, the 3rd valve the 403 and the 16 valve 416 are in closed condition always; Open after loop steady-state operation half an hour and measure the test figure that acquisition module starts to record pressure, pressure reduction, flow, wall surface temperature, fluid temperature (F.T.) and heating power.
Claims (6)
1. an overcritical freon local heat transfer system, it is characterized in that: comprise the vacuum pump (1) be connected by pipeline the first valve (401) connected with major loop and the first valve (401) upstream line, first valve (401) is communicated with vacuum pump bleeding point and major loop, and what form system vacuumizes module; The 3rd valve (403) in refrigerant tank (2), the second valve (402) be arranged on refrigerant tank (2) top duct, the refrigerant recovering charging machine (3) being connected to the second valve (402) downstream by pipeline and its downstream line, 3rd valve (403) is connected with major loop by pipeline and then is communicated with major loop with refrigerant recovering charging machine (3) by refrigerant tank (2), the freon filling module of composition system;
On main circulation loop, canned motor pump (9) upstream and downstream pipeline respectively there is a threeway, the vertical branch of two threeways to be connected with the 5th valve (405) two ends formation bypass circulation respectively by pipeline, and this bypass circulation assists the flow regulating pump;
The 4th valve (404) in the first filtrator (801) in canned motor pump (9) upstream line, the first filtrator (801) upstream line, the temperature sensor (701) in the 4th valve (404) upstream line, the first pressure transducer (601) in temperature sensor (701) upstream line, their effect is filter pump inlet fluid respectively, regulates the temperature and pressure of pump intake flow, monitoring pump intake fluid, and the pump intake more than constituting system regulates monitoring module;
Threeway in canned motor pump (9) downstream line is connected with the 6th valve (406) by pipeline, 6th valve (406) left end pipeline certain distance is furnished with the second pressure transducer (602), and the second pressure transducer (602) is used for measuring the hydrodynamic pressure in canned motor pump (9) exit;
The regenerator (10) that second pressure transducer (602) left end pipeline connects, by pipeline seven valve (407) in parallel with regenerator (10), the cold fluid flow of 7th valve (407) by regulating aperture to control to flow into regenerator (10), the backheat module of composition system;
Be arranged on the first electric control valve (501) in regenerator (10) downstream line, the second filtrator (802) in first electric control valve (501) downstream line, the mass flowmeter (11) in the second filtrator (802) downstream line, the flow regulation module of composition system;
Preheating section (12) is arranged on mass flowmeter (11) downstream, the entrance of preheating section (12), centre and exit are separately installed with the battery lead plate clamping pipeline, the battery lead plate in entrance, exit is connected with the negative pole of First direct supply, middle battery lead plate is connected with the positive pole of First direct supply, the downstream line of preheating section (12) is provided with the 8th valve (408), the warm-up block of above composition system;
The downstream line of the 8th valve (408) is provided with a threeway, and two outlets of threeway draw a pipeline respectively; Wherein one article of pipeline is provided with successively the tenth valve (410), the 4th pressure transducer (604), horizontal experimental section (14), the 6th differential pressure pickup (606), the 12 valve (412), and the entrance of horizontal experimental section (14), centre and exit are separately installed with the battery lead plate clamping pipeline, the battery lead plate in entrance, exit is connected with the negative pole of second direct supply, and middle battery lead plate is connected with the positive pole of second direct supply; Another article of pipeline is provided with successively the 9th valve (409), the 3rd pressure transducer (603), vertically experimental section (13), the 5th differential pressure pickup (605) and the 11 valve (411), and the entrance of vertical experimental section (13), centre and outlet are separately installed with the battery lead plate clamping pipeline, the battery lead plate in entrance, exit is connected with the negative pole of the 3rd direct supply, and middle battery lead plate is connected with the positive pole of the 3rd direct supply; Pipeline after 12 valve (412) and the 11 valve (411) is imported the 13 valve (413) by a threeway simultaneously, 14 valve (414) has been communicated with the downstream line of vertical experimental section lower end and the 13 valve (413), the experimental section module of above two pipelines and the valve connected and sensor composition system;
13 valve (413) downstream line connects the shell side inlet of regenerator (10), and the shell-side outlet of regenerator (10) is connected with condenser (15) by pipeline;
The cooling water pipeline of condenser (15) is provided with the second electric control valve (502) and cooling pump (16), downstream line connection traffic meter (22) and cooling tower (17), second electric control valve (502) regulates cooling water flow automatically, the refrigerating module of above composition system;
The pipeline in parallel with condenser (15) is provided with the 15 valve (415) in order to regulate the flow of the hot fluid by condenser;
15 valve (415) downstream line is provided with a threeway, a branch road of threeway is connected with canned motor pump (9) entrance by pipeline, another branch road is connected with voltage stabilizer (20) by pipeline, the top of voltage stabilizer (20) is provided with safety valve (18), upper lateral part is provided with hand reducing pressure valve (19), the top of voltage stabilizer (20) is connected with high-pressure nitrogen bottle (21) with the 16 valve (416) by pipeline, the nitrogen controlled in high-pressure nitrogen bottle (21) by switch the 16 valve (416) is entered voltage stabilizer (20) and then boosts to system, when system pressure is higher than the maximum safe limit force value set, safety valve (18) take-off pressure release automatically, when system pressure is lower than maximum safe limit force value and higher than working condition pressure, reduction valve (19) is manually regulated to carry out step-down to loop, more than form the pressure adjusting module of system,
Wherein the 8th valve (408) downstream until the 15 valve (415) upstream pipeline in flowing be hot freon, the 15 valve (415) downstream until the 8th valve (408) upstream pipeline in flow be cold conditions freon.
2. overcritical freon local heat transfer system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described horizontal experimental section (14) is identical with the structure of vertical experimental section (13), described vertical experimental section (13) overall length 1100mm, upper and lower two negative pole spacing 870mm, the wide 50mm of every electrode plate, lower end negative plate is arranged on apart from the position of lower flange 115mm, upper end negative plate is arranged on apart from the position of upper flange 115mm, and positive plate is arranged on two negative plate middles; The pipeline of distance lower flange 50mm is provided with a pressure guiding pipe be connected with the 3rd pressure transducer (603).The pipeline of distance lower flange 100mm is provided with another root pressure guiding pipe, and also have a pressure guiding pipe on the top with this pressure guiding pipe symmetry, these two pressure guiding pipes are connected respectively to the two ends of the 5th differential pressure pickup (605).The pipeline wall at 35mm place, negative plate top, lower end is arranged SMD thermopair Tv1, arrange SMD thermopair Tv1-2, SMD thermopair Tv2, SMD thermopair Tv2-3, SMD thermopair Tv3, SMD thermopair Tv3-4 and SMD thermopair Tv4 afterwards successively, the distance between two adjacent thermopairs is 50mm; The pipeline wall at 35mm place, upper negative plate bottom is arranged SMD thermopair Tv8, arrange SMD thermopair Tv7-8, SMD thermopair Tv7, SMD thermopair Tv6-7, SMD thermopair Tv6, SMD thermopair Tv5-6 and SMD thermopair Tv5 afterwards successively, the distance between two adjacent thermopairs is 50mm; Distance between SMD thermopair Tv4 and SMD thermopair Tv5 is 100mm; At 60mm place above experimental section upper flange, the armoured thermocouple Tout that is inserted pipe interior is installed, is used for measuring the temperature exporting freon.At 60mm place below experimental section lower flange, the armoured thermocouple Tin that is inserted pipe interior is installed, is used for measuring the temperature of porch freon.All thermopairs that experimental section is arranged and pressure transducer and differential pressure pickup are all connected on signal processor (23) by collection plate, the measurement acquisition module of above composition system.
3. overcritical freon local heat transfer system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the warm-up block of described experimental system and the pipe surface of experimental section module are coated with heat-insulation layer.
4. overcritical freon local heat transfer system according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described heat-insulation layer comprises the silicate aluminum board clad being fixed on warm-up block and experimental section module conduits surface with thin wire, be wrapped in the glass wool cloth outside silicate aluminum board clad, be pasted onto the aluminium-foil paper outside glass wool cloth.
5. overcritical freon local heat transfer system according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the average thickness of described silicate aluminum board clad is greater than 150mm.
6. the experimental technique of the overcritical freon local heat transfer system described in any one of claim 1 to 5, is characterized in that: carried out the leak detection of water-filling inflating pressure to loop before on-test, guarantees loop under high pressure No leakage;
When vacuum pumping is carried out to loop, on major loop, the 4th to the 15 valve (404-415) is held open state, vacuumize on branch road and open the first valve (401), close the 3rd valve (403), open vacuum pump (1);
During the filling freon of loop, with refrigerant recovering charging machine (3), the freon R-134a being stored at refrigerant tank (2) inner is injected in experimental system, now should close the first valve (401), open the second valve (402) and the 3rd valve (403), keep major loop the 4th to the 15 valve (404-415) to be opening;
When stopping freon filling, first close refrigerant recovering charging machine (3), then close the second valve (402) and the 3rd valve (403);
When boost operations is carried out to the freon in loop, for allowing the nitrogen in high-pressure nitrogen bottle (21) enter voltage stabilizer (20), the 16 valve (416) should be opened;
When reduced pressure operation is carried out to the freon in loop, open hand reducing pressure valve (19);
When opening refrigerating module, open the second electric control valve (502), open cooling pump (16);
When regulating circular flow, open canned motor pump (9), utilize the first electric control valve (501) regulating loop circular flow according to the registration on flowmeter (11);
When regulating the bypass flow of canned motor pump (9), open the 5th valve (405), regulate its aperture;
When regulating the bypass flow of regenerator (10), open the 7th valve (407), regulate its aperture;
When regulating the bypass flow of condenser (15), open the 15 valve (415), regulate its aperture;
When regulating cooling water flow, regulate the second electric control valve (502) according to the registration of flowmeter (22);
When regulating warm-up power, the voltage of corresponding direct supply is directly regulated to export and electric current output;
When regulating experimental section heating power, the voltage of corresponding direct supply is directly regulated to export and electric current output;
When carrying out horizontal segment experiment, open the tenth valve (410) and the 12 valve (412), close the 9th valve (409) and the 11 valve (411), 4th valve (404), 5th valve (405), 6th valve (406), 7th valve (407), 8th valve (408), 13 valve (413) and the 15 valve (415) are in opening always, first valve (401), second valve (402), 3rd valve (403), 14 valve (414) and the 16 valve (416) are in closed condition always,
When carrying out the experiment of the vertical section bottom-up flow direction, open the 9th valve (409) and the 11 valve (411), close the tenth valve (410) and the 12 valve (412), 4th valve (404), 5th valve (405), 6th valve (406), 7th valve (407), 8th valve (408), 13 valve (413) and the 15 valve (415) are in opening always, first valve (401), second valve (402), 3rd valve (403), 14 valve (414) and the 16 valve (416) are in closed condition always,
Carry out vertical section from up to down flowing experiment time, open the tenth valve (410), 12 valve (412), 11 valve (411) and the 14 valve (414), close the 9th valve (409) and the 13 valve (413), 4th valve (404), 5th valve (405), 6th valve (406), 7th valve (407), 8th valve (408) and the 15 valve (415) are in opening always, first valve (401), second valve (402), 3rd valve (403) and the 16 valve (416) are in closed condition always,
Open after loop steady-state operation half an hour and measure the test figure that acquisition module starts to record pressure, pressure reduction, flow, wall surface temperature, fluid temperature (F.T.) and heating power.
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