CN105289529A - Preparation method of MOF type efficient cheap adsorbent - Google Patents
Preparation method of MOF type efficient cheap adsorbent Download PDFInfo
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- CN105289529A CN105289529A CN201510907175.5A CN201510907175A CN105289529A CN 105289529 A CN105289529 A CN 105289529A CN 201510907175 A CN201510907175 A CN 201510907175A CN 105289529 A CN105289529 A CN 105289529A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of an MOF type efficient cheap adsorbent, and relates to a preparation method of an adsorbent, aiming at solving the problems of small specific surface area, small pore and low adsorbing capacity of existing adsorbents. The method comprises the following steps: 1. preparing a dried product I; 2. preparing a dried product II; 3. preparing a product III soaked with alkali liquor; 4. mixing the dried product III with strong base and then reacting at the atmosphere of inert gas to obtain the MOF type efficient cheap adsorbent. For the MOF type efficient cheap adsorbent prepared according to the invention, the specific surface area is 1230m<2>/g-1600m<2>/g, the pore diameter scope is 2nm-5nm, and removal rate for heavy metal pollutants can be up to 80-95%. According to the invention, a preparation method of the MOF type efficient cheap adsorbent can be obtained.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of adsorbent.
Background technology
In China, the pollution problems such as mercury, chromium, cadmium, lead and metalloid arsenic are very outstanding, paid much attention to.Heavy metal pollution has the feature of disguise, chronicity, non-degradable and irreversibility, is the class pollutant very harmful to ecological environment, enters in soil, water body, will cause a series of problem.Can be accumulated in plant, animal and human's body by food chain approach, the therefore health of the heavy metal pollution serious threat mankind.The sewage of heavy metal pollution is important source of heavy metal pollution, removes Heavy Metals in Waters pollutant tool have very important significance so efficient.
At present, the method for administering Heavy Metals in Waters pollution is a lot, as chemical precipitation method, physical method, electrolysis, absorption method, membrane separation process, ion exchange technique.Wherein absorption method is the method utilizing sorbent treatment heavy metal wastewater thereby.The conventional material preparing adsorbent has many types, roughly can be divided into two classes: inorganic mineral material and biological material.Inorganic mineral material has clay, zeolite, sepiolite, flyash etc.; Biological material comprises plant, animal class and microbiology class, as active carbon, shitosan etc.Absorption method have easy, efficient, removal efficiency is high and good selective, particularly has unique using value to low concentration, contaminative is strong, other method is difficult to effectively process heavy metal wastewater thereby.But adsorbent prevailing price industrial is at present high, and practical operation has corresponding difficulty, therefore develops the regeneration of cheapness, efficiently water treatment absorbent and adsorbent and prevent secondary pollution from will be the important directions that adsorbent is studied.
In recent years, porous carbon materials is because have very high specific area, large pore volume, high adsorbance, high chemical stability, low price, and the characteristic being convenient to modify is praised as second generation sorbing material.Various natural biomass resource or derivative is adopted on the other hand to develop rapidly in recent years as the biosorption process of adsorbent, biomass adsorbent is not only nontoxic, bio-compatible, with low cost, and the biomass adsorbent after using can biodegradation, is a kind of excellent green sorbing material.
The invention discloses a kind of high temperature cabonization in conjunction with the standby biomass porous material with carbon element of Chemical self-assembly legal system, combine the advantage of porous carbon material and biomass adsorbent, prepare and there is high-specific surface area, macroporosity, refer to a kind of good heavy metal absorbent.The environmentally friendly adsorbing agent biological charcoal of broad prospect of application that what this invention utilized the discarded object of agricultural production (mainly comprising maize straw, feces of livestock and poultry etc.) to be prepared into have, for recycling of debirs explores new approach, the removal for heavy metal has important using value.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve existing adsorbent and there is the problem that specific area is little, hole is little and adsorbance is low, and a kind of preparation method of MOF type high efficiency low cost adsorbent is provided.
A preparation method for MOF type high efficiency low cost adsorbent, completes according to the following steps:
One, abandoned biomass is carried out drying, pulverizes, obtain the abandoned biomass that particle diameter is 1cm ~ 3cm; Be that to join molar concentration be 1.0molL for the abandoned biomass of 1cm ~ 3cm by particle diameter
-1~ 4.0molL
-1metal salt solution in, then to react 3 days ~ 14 days at reaction temperature is 70 DEG C ~ 100 DEG C, obtain product I, use distilled water to clean 3 times ~ 5 times to product I, then carry out drying, obtain dried product I;
Particle diameter described in step one is the quality of the abandoned biomass of 1cm ~ 3cm and the volume ratio of metal salt solution is 100g:(100mL ~ 300mL);
Two, dried product I is joined in organic solvent, then react 3 days ~ 14 days at temperature is 70 DEG C ~ 100 DEG C, obtain product II, use distilled water to clean 3 times ~ 5 times to product II, then carry out drying, obtain dried product II;
Organic solvent described in step 2 is furtural, 2-amino phenols or absolute ethyl alcohol;
Three, dried product II is reacted 1h ~ 3h at inert gas atmosphere and temperature are 550 DEG C ~ 850 DEG C, obtain product III; Again product III is immersed in 1h ~ 10h in alkali lye, then filters, discard alkali lye, obtain the product after dipping by lye III;
Concentration of lye described in step 3 is 6molL
-1~ 10molL
-1;
The quality of the product III described in step 3 and the volume ratio of alkali lye are 100g:(100mL ~ 300mL);
Four, use distilled water to wash 3 times ~ 5 times to the product III after dipping by lye, then carry out drying, obtain dried product III; Dried product III is mixed with highly basic, then react 1h ~ 3h at inert gas atmosphere and temperature are 550 DEG C ~ 850 DEG C, obtain MOF type high efficiency low cost adsorbent;
Dried product III described in step 3 is 1:(1 ~ 3 with the mass ratio of highly basic).
Advantage of the present invention:
One, the MOF type high efficiency low cost adsorbent prepared of the present invention is compared with other adsorbents (as clay, zeolite, sepiolite etc.), there is high specific area and large hole efficiency, not only for heavy metal contaminants, there is good removal ability, can also Adsorption Organic Pollutants In Water effectively;
Two, the MOF type high efficiency low cost adsorbent that prepared by the present invention belongs to a kind of universal adsorbent, and, the raw materials that MOF type high efficiency low cost adsorbent prepared by the present invention uses is Typical Agricultural discarded object, not only reduce production cost, can also have and turn waste into wealth, for agricultural wastes recycling provides an effective innovative utilization ways;
Three, the specific area of MOF type high efficiency low cost adsorbent that prepared by the present invention is 1230m
2g
-1~ 1600m
2g
-1, pore diameter range is 2nm ~ 5nm, and the clearance of heavy metal pollutant can reach 80% ~ 95%.
The present invention can obtain a kind of preparation method of MOF type high efficiency low cost adsorbent.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 is the SEM figure of MOF type high efficiency low cost adsorbent prepared by embodiment one;
Fig. 2 is the transmission electron microscope picture of MOF type high efficiency low cost adsorbent prepared by embodiment one;
Fig. 3 is the infrared spectrogram of MOF type high efficiency low cost adsorbent prepared by embodiment one;
Fig. 4 is the adsorption-desorption isothermal of MOF type high efficiency low cost adsorbent prepared by embodiment one;
Fig. 5 is that the adsorption effect of MOF type high efficiency low cost adsorbent prepared by embodiment one is with solution FeSO
4the variation diagram of the pH value of solution, in Fig. 5,1 is that sub-optimal fusion algorithm is with FeSO
4the change curve of the pH value of solution, 2 is that clearance is with FeSO
4the change curve of the pH value of solution;
Fig. 6 is the curve of adsorption kinetics of MOF type high efficiency low cost adsorbent prepared by embodiment one, and in Fig. 6,1 is the change curve of sub-optimal fusion algorithm with time of contact, and 2 is remove the change curve with time of contact.
Detailed description of the invention
Detailed description of the invention one: present embodiment is that a kind of preparation method of MOF type high efficiency low cost adsorbent completes according to the following steps:
One, abandoned biomass is carried out drying, pulverizes, obtain the abandoned biomass that particle diameter is 1cm ~ 3cm; Be that to join molar concentration be 1.0molL for the abandoned biomass of 1cm ~ 3cm by particle diameter
-1~ 4.0molL
-1metal salt solution in, then to react 3 days ~ 14 days at reaction temperature is 70 DEG C ~ 100 DEG C, obtain product I, use distilled water to clean 3 times ~ 5 times to product I, then carry out drying, obtain dried product I;
Particle diameter described in step one is the quality of the abandoned biomass of 1cm ~ 3cm and the volume ratio of metal salt solution is 100g:(100mL ~ 300mL);
Two, dried product I is joined in organic solvent, then react 3 days ~ 14 days at temperature is 70 DEG C ~ 100 DEG C, obtain product II, use distilled water to clean 3 times ~ 5 times to product II, then carry out drying, obtain dried product II;
Organic solvent described in step 2 is furtural, 2-amino phenols or absolute ethyl alcohol;
Three, dried product II is reacted 1h ~ 3h at inert gas atmosphere and temperature are 550 DEG C ~ 850 DEG C, obtain product III; Again product III is immersed in 1h ~ 10h in alkali lye, then filters, discard alkali lye, obtain the product after dipping by lye III;
Concentration of lye described in step 3 is 6molL
-1~ 10molL
-1;
The quality of the product III described in step 3 and the volume ratio of alkali lye are 100g:(100mL ~ 300mL);
Four, use distilled water to wash 3 times ~ 5 times to the product III after dipping by lye, then carry out drying, obtain dried product III; Dried product III is mixed with highly basic, then react 1h ~ 3h at inert gas atmosphere and temperature are 550 DEG C ~ 850 DEG C, obtain MOF type high efficiency low cost adsorbent;
Dried product III described in step 3 is 1:(1 ~ 3 with the mass ratio of highly basic).
The advantage of present embodiment:
One, the MOF type high efficiency low cost adsorbent prepared of present embodiment is compared with other adsorbents (as clay, zeolite, sepiolite etc.), there is high specific area and large hole efficiency, not only for heavy metal contaminants, there is good removal ability, can also Adsorption Organic Pollutants In Water effectively;
Two, the MOF type high efficiency low cost adsorbent that prepared by present embodiment belongs to a kind of universal adsorbent, and, the raw materials that MOF type high efficiency low cost adsorbent prepared by present embodiment uses is Typical Agricultural discarded object, not only reduce production cost, can also have and turn waste into wealth, for agricultural wastes recycling provides an effective innovative utilization ways;
Three, the specific area of MOF type high efficiency low cost adsorbent that prepared by present embodiment is 1230m
2g
-1~ 1600m
2g
-1, pore diameter range is 2nm ~ 5nm, and the clearance of heavy metal pollutant can reach 80% ~ 95%.
Present embodiment can obtain a kind of preparation method of MOF type high efficiency low cost adsorbent.
Detailed description of the invention two: present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one difference are: the abandoned biomass described in step one is maize straw, feces of livestock and poultry, pericarp or fallen leaves.Other steps are identical with detailed description of the invention one.
Detailed description of the invention three: one of present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one or two difference is: the inert gas described in step 3 is nitrogen or argon gas.Other steps are identical with detailed description of the invention one or two.
Detailed description of the invention four: one of present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one to three difference is: the inert gas described in step 4 is nitrogen or argon gas.Other steps are identical with detailed description of the invention one to three.
Detailed description of the invention five: one of present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one to four difference is: the alkali lye described in step 3 is NaOH solution or KOH solution.Other steps are identical with detailed description of the invention one to four.
Detailed description of the invention six: one of present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one to five difference is: the highly basic described in step 4 is NaOH or KOH.Other steps are identical with detailed description of the invention one to five.
Detailed description of the invention seven: one of present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one to six difference is: the metal salt solution described in step one is ZnSO
4solution, Zn (NO
3)
2solution, ZnCl
2solution, Al
2(SO
4)
3solution, Al (NO
3)
3solution, AlCl
3solution, CuSO
4solution, Cu (NO
3)
2solution or CuCl
2solution.Other steps are identical with detailed description of the invention one to six.
Detailed description of the invention eight: one of present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one to seven difference is: the particle diameter described in step one is the quality of the abandoned biomass of 1cm ~ 3cm and the volume ratio of metal salt solution is 100g:200mL.Other steps are identical with detailed description of the invention one to seven.
Detailed description of the invention nine: one of present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one to eight difference is: the quality of the product III described in step 3 and the volume ratio of alkali lye are 100g:200mL.Other steps are identical with detailed description of the invention one to eight.
Detailed description of the invention ten: one of present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one to nine difference is: the dried product III described in step 4 is 1:3 with the mass ratio of highly basic.Other steps are identical with detailed description of the invention one to nine.
Following examples are adopted to verify beneficial effect of the present invention:
Embodiment one: a kind of preparation method of MOF type high efficiency low cost adsorbent completes according to the following steps:
One, discarded banana skin is carried out drying, pulverizes, obtain the abandoned biomass that particle diameter is 2.5cm; Be that to join molar concentration be 2.0molL for the abandoned biomass of 2.5cm by particle diameter
-1metal salt solution in, then to react 7 days at reaction temperature is 70 DEG C, obtain product I, use distilled water to clean 4 times to product I, then carry out drying, obtain dried product I;
Metal salt solution described in step one is Zn (NO
3)
2solution;
Particle diameter described in step one is the quality of the abandoned biomass of 2.5cm and the volume ratio of metal salt solution is 100g:200mL;
Two, dried product I is joined in organic solvent, then react 7 days at temperature is 70 DEG C, obtain product II, use distilled water to clean 4 times to product II, then carry out drying, obtain dried product II;
Organic solvent described in step 2 is furtural;
Three, dried product II is reacted 2h at argon gas atmosphere and temperature are 850 DEG C, obtain product III; Again product III is immersed in 6h in alkali lye, then filters, discard alkali lye, obtain the product after dipping by lye III;
Concentration of lye described in step 3 is 10molL
-1;
Alkali lye described in step 3 is NaOH solution;
The quality of the product III described in step 3 and the volume ratio of alkali lye are 100g:200mL;
Four, use distilled water to wash 4 times to the product III after dipping by lye, then carry out drying, obtain dried product III; Dried product III is mixed with highly basic, then react 2h at argon gas atmosphere and temperature are 850 DEG C, obtain MOF type high efficiency low cost adsorbent;
Highly basic described in step 4 is KOH;
Dried product III described in step 4 is 1:3 with the mass ratio of highly basic.
Fig. 1 is the SEM figure of MOF type high efficiency low cost adsorbent prepared by embodiment one;
The MOF type high efficiency low cost adsorbent that as can be seen from Figure 1 prepared by embodiment one becomes curling lamellar structure.
Fig. 2 is the transmission electron microscope picture of MOF type high efficiency low cost adsorbent prepared by embodiment one;
The MOF type high efficiency low cost adsorbent that as can be seen from Figure 2 prepared by embodiment one has the loose structure of a lot of size uniformity.
Fig. 3 is the infrared spectrogram of MOF type high efficiency low cost adsorbent prepared by embodiment one;
There is a large amount of oxy radicals as-OH ,-COOH and-COO etc. in the MOF type high efficiency low cost adsorbent surface that as can be seen from Figure 3 prepared by embodiment one.
Fig. 4 is the adsorption-desorption isothermal of MOF type high efficiency low cost adsorbent prepared by embodiment one;
The MOF type high efficiency low cost adsorbent surface that as can be seen from Figure 4 prepared by embodiment one has loose structure.
Embodiment two: MOF type high efficiency low cost adsorbent embodiment one prepared joins FeSO
4carry out adsorption experiment in solution, adsorption effect is shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6.
Fig. 5 is that the adsorption effect of MOF type high efficiency low cost adsorbent prepared by embodiment one is with solution FeSO
4the variation diagram of the pH value of solution, in Fig. 5,1 is that sub-optimal fusion algorithm is with FeSO
4the change curve of the pH value of solution, 2 is that clearance is with FeSO
4the change curve of the pH value of solution;
The adsorption effect of the MOF type high efficiency low cost adsorbent of embodiment one preparation is along with FeSO as can be seen from Figure 5
4the increase of the pH value of solution and increasing, but increase tendency can weaken gradually.
Fig. 6 is the curve of adsorption kinetics of MOF type high efficiency low cost adsorbent prepared by embodiment one, and in Fig. 6,1 is the change curve of sub-optimal fusion algorithm with time of contact, and 2 is remove the change curve with time of contact.
The MOF type high efficiency low cost adsorbent that as can be seen from Figure 6 prepared by embodiment one has adsorption dynamics adsorption kinetics faster, substantially can reach absorption saturated within 72min.
Claims (10)
1. a preparation method for MOF type high efficiency low cost adsorbent, is characterized in that a kind of preparation method of MOF type high efficiency low cost adsorbent completes according to the following steps:
One, abandoned biomass is carried out drying, pulverizes, obtain the abandoned biomass that particle diameter is 1cm ~ 3cm; Be that to join molar concentration be 1.0molL for the abandoned biomass of 1cm ~ 3cm by particle diameter
-1~ 4.0molL
-1metal salt solution in, then to react 3 days ~ 14 days at reaction temperature is 70 DEG C ~ 100 DEG C, obtain product I, use distilled water to clean 3 times ~ 5 times to product I, then carry out drying, obtain dried product I;
Particle diameter described in step one is the quality of the abandoned biomass of 1cm ~ 3cm and the volume ratio of metal salt solution is 100g:(100mL ~ 300mL);
Two, dried product I is joined in organic solvent, then react 3 days ~ 14 days at temperature is 70 DEG C ~ 100 DEG C, obtain product II, use distilled water to clean 3 times ~ 5 times to product II, then carry out drying, obtain dried product II;
Organic solvent described in step 2 is furtural, 2-amino phenols or absolute ethyl alcohol;
Three, dried product II is reacted 1h ~ 3h at inert gas atmosphere and temperature are 550 DEG C ~ 850 DEG C, obtain product III; Again product III is immersed in 1h ~ 10h in alkali lye, then filters, discard alkali lye, obtain the product after dipping by lye III;
Concentration of lye described in step 3 is 6molL
-1~ 10molL
-1;
The quality of the product III described in step 3 and the volume ratio of alkali lye are 100g:(100mL ~ 300mL);
Four, use distilled water to wash 3 times ~ 5 times to the product III after dipping by lye, then carry out drying, obtain dried product III; Dried product III is mixed with highly basic, then react 1h ~ 3h at inert gas atmosphere and temperature are 550 DEG C ~ 850 DEG C, obtain MOF type high efficiency low cost adsorbent;
Dried product III described in step 3 is 1:(1 ~ 3 with the mass ratio of highly basic).
2. the preparation method of a kind of MOF type high efficiency low cost adsorbent according to claim 1, is characterized in that the abandoned biomass described in step one is maize straw, feces of livestock and poultry, pericarp or fallen leaves.
3. the preparation method of a kind of MOF type high efficiency low cost adsorbent according to claim 1, is characterized in that the inert gas described in step 3 is nitrogen or argon gas.
4. the preparation method of a kind of MOF type high efficiency low cost adsorbent according to claim 1, is characterized in that the inert gas described in step 4 is nitrogen or argon gas.
5. the preparation method of a kind of MOF type high efficiency low cost adsorbent according to claim 1, is characterized in that the alkali lye described in step 3 is NaOH solution or KOH solution.
6. the preparation method of a kind of MOF type high efficiency low cost adsorbent according to claim 1, is characterized in that the highly basic described in step 4 is NaOH or KOH.
7. the preparation method of a kind of MOF type high efficiency low cost adsorbent according to claim 1, is characterized in that the metal salt solution described in step one is ZnSO
4solution, Zn (NO
3)
2solution, ZnCl
2solution, Al
2(SO
4)
3solution, Al (NO
3)
3solution, AlCl
3solution, CuSO
4solution, Cu (NO
3)
2solution or CuCl
2solution.
8. the preparation method of a kind of MOF type high efficiency low cost adsorbent according to claim 1, is characterized in that the particle diameter described in step one be the quality of the abandoned biomass of 1cm ~ 3cm and the volume ratio of metal salt solution is 100g:200mL.
9. the preparation method of a kind of MOF type high efficiency low cost adsorbent according to claim 1, is characterized in that the quality of the product III described in step 3 and the volume ratio of alkali lye are 100g:200mL.
10. the preparation method of a kind of MOF type high efficiency low cost adsorbent according to claim 1, is characterized in that the dried product III described in step 4 is 1:3 with the mass ratio of highly basic.
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