CN105269283A - Preparing method of PCD cutter long in service life - Google Patents
Preparing method of PCD cutter long in service life Download PDFInfo
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- CN105269283A CN105269283A CN201510568844.0A CN201510568844A CN105269283A CN 105269283 A CN105269283 A CN 105269283A CN 201510568844 A CN201510568844 A CN 201510568844A CN 105269283 A CN105269283 A CN 105269283A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparing method of a PCD cutter long in service life. The preparing method comprises the first step of line cutting of a PCD blade, the second step of vacuum welding of the PCD blade, the third step of precise laser machining of the PCD cutter, and the fourth step of the cobalt removing treatment measure of a PCD layer. By means of the manner, the oxidation effect of a front cutter face of the PCD cutter is weakened, meanwhile, the size of a broken blade of a cutting edge is controlled within 2 microns, and distribution of the Co element and the W element at the cutting edge is even. The distribution of the Co element and the W element on a rear cutter face is even along with the increasing of the layer thickness. The welding temperature is reduced through low-temperature welding flux, the tendency of graphitization of the PCD cutter is reduced, and the service life of the cutter is prolonged.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to superhard material manufacture field, particularly relate to a kind of high life PCD cutter preparation method.
Background technology
After polycrystalline diamond (PCD) came out from 1972, owing to inheriting adamantine high rigidity and wearability, make PCD cutter can obtain high production efficiency when processing various non-ferrous metal and nonmetallic materials; Meanwhile, because of welding performance good between its cement carbide substrate and common metal, the bending strength of cutter is significantly promoted.
The processed edge of PCD cutter is mainly: higher material cuts, and improves the production cycle; Per tour can process more part.Compared with traditional cutting tool, cutting speed, feed speed are significantly accelerated.Meanwhile, the features such as workpiece surface quality improves greatly, size Control is remarkable, surface accuracy is consistent, percent defective is low and cutter life is long.
PCD cutter, according to the different trades mark of blade, is applied to different processing occasions.Such as, the blade of GE company 1600 trade mark is applicable to the aluminium, copper, precious metal, synthetic wood etc. of processing request high any surface finish; The blade of GE company 1800 trade mark has double-peak type crystal, is applicable to extremely harsh processing, as glass fibre, high-density web plate, laminated floor etc.But the workpiece of the profile convex surface class of some complexity appears in present stage, such as, the edge contour, automobile forming aluminum hardware etc. of mobile phone aluminium shell.This just needs some to have the PCD cutter of concave curved surface feature, and this brings difficulty with regard to giving the processing of PCD cutter.
The material of PCD cutter, shape, geometric angle, manufacturing process decide the cutting ability of cutter.Wherein, the quality of manufacturing process directly affects cutting-tool's used life.Polycrystalline diamond, single-crystal diamond all belong to superhard material, therefore, adopt traditional squash type to cut the function that cannot realize cutter, let alone can meet the performance indications such as heat resistance, wearability, toughness.Present stage, the manufacturing process both at home and abroad for PCD mainly contains grinding, spark eroding processing, Laser Processing, chemical process etc.The advantage of grinding is that rear knife face can form certain Microscopic grooves, can effectively store cutting liquid, improves cutting-tool's used life.Shortcoming is that the sharpening time is long, and machining period is long; Secondly, due to the limitation of emery wheel cusp processing PCD, concave shaped complex outline cannot be processed.
Its top layer carbon of the diamond layer of galvano-cautery finished surface mainly exists as an amorphous form, amorphous state and crystalline phases ratio, there is good mechanical property, but, due to the processing mode that electric spark is a kind of high temperature discharge, make polycrystalline diamond top layer there is obvious graphitization phenomenon, therefore, galvano-cautery processing method is applicable to the roughing of concave shaped complex outline.
Laser processing procedure is a kind of photochemical and thermal reaction process.Because Laser Processing belongs to noncontact processing, machining deformation and the thermal deformation of cutter are little, and process velocity is fast, efficiency is high, therefore can be competent at the cutting edge to PCD cutter, rear knife face and melt the fine finishining of bits groove.But because laser still belongs to hot-working, finished surface still exists micro-graphitic layers, therefore, Laser Processing also also exists the aftertreatment technology removing graphite linings.
The cobalt content of PCD cutter directly affects cutting-tool's used life, and it is distributed in the effect can played between diamond and improve intensity uniformly, but the cobalt of some irregular distributions can improve the residual stress of PCD cutter, reduces service life.And the life-span of PCD cutter is also relevant with the content of metallic cobalt, and cobalt content is higher, and it is influenced by heat more serious; Cobalt content is lower, and its toughness is poorer.
Therefore, traditional cutter preparation technology cannot meet serviceability and the requirement in life-span of concave shaped complex outline PCD cutter, the processing of concave shaped complex outline PCD cutter is carried out in the urgent need to a kind of new fabricating technology, reduce process time, reduce collapsing of the rear cutting edge of processing scarce, increase cutting-tool's used life.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention mainly solves is to provide a kind of preparation method of high life PCD cutter, can reduce the generation of the oxidation effect of PCD cutter rake face, and the tipping size Control of cutting edge is within 2 microns simultaneously, and cutting edge place Co, W element is uniformly distributed.Co, W element of rear knife face is also comparatively even with the increase of thickness.Adopt Ag, Cu, Cd solder to reduce welding temperature, decrease the graphited tendency of PCD cutter, add cutting-tool's used life.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is: provide a kind of concave shaped complex outline PCD cutter and ultraprecise high efficiency preparation method thereof, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
1) PCD composite sheet cutting: utilize the method for Linear cut respectively the PCD composite sheet of 16P and 12P to be cut into some pieces of PCD blades;
2) blade welding: PCD blade is welded on tool matrix, obtains PCD cutter;
3) the precise laser processing of PCD cutter: according to the designing requirement of inner concave shape complex outline cutting edge roundness, utilize laser cutting device to carry out lasser cutting to PCD cutter; Wherein, cutting-in 0.07 ~ 0.5mm, cuts wide 0.02 ~ 0.07mm, and focal position is 0mm, and incidence angle is 5 ~ 10 °, and pulsewidth is 0.8 microsecond, and frequency is 1538 ~ 3125HZ, and laser power is 25 ~ 70W;
4) PCD pull-up cobalt process: the method adopting dispersion coating, at the outer surface spraying Teflon of the part except polycrystalline diamond layer.PCD cutter after coating is put into cobalt liquor, and at a certain temperature, uniform stirring removes cobalt liquor, the reaction regular hour; Then PCD cutter is taken out.
As preferably, in step 2) in, before welding, PCD blade is placed on 450 ° of isothermal holding 30min in vacuum brazing stove.
As preferably, in step 2) in, in welding, PCD blade to be placed in vacuum brazing stove 700 °, weld interval is 5min.
As preferably, in step 3), laser processing parameter is the one in following parameters combination:
Parameters combination 1: the first relief angle is opened slightly: cutting-in 0.3mm, above cuts wide 0.07mm, the wide 0.06mm of incision, and focal position is 0mm, and incidence angle is 10 °, and pulsewidth is 0.8 microsecond, and frequency is 100000/45HZ, and laser power is 67W.First relief angle fine finishining: cutting-in 0.5mm, above cuts wide 0.04mm, the wide 0.04mm of incision, and focal position is 0mm, and incidence angle is 10 °, and pulsewidth is 0.8 microsecond, and frequency is 100000/32HZ, and laser power is 70W.Cutting edge and the first relief angle microstoning: cutting-in 0.25mm, above cut wide 0.04mm, the wide 0.04mm of incision, and focal position is 0mm, and incidence angle is 5 °, and pulsewidth is 0.8 microsecond, and frequency is 76923/50HZ, and laser power is 27W.Polishing: cutting-in 0.07mm, above cuts wide 0.02mm, the wide 0.02mm of incision, and focal position is 0mm, and incidence angle is 5 °, and pulsewidth is 0.8 microsecond, and frequency is 100000/40HZ, and laser power is 25W.
Parameters combination 2: the first relief angle is opened slightly: cutting-in 0.3mm, above cuts wide 0.07mm, the wide 0.06mm of incision, and focal position is 0mm, and incidence angle is 6 °, and pulsewidth is 2.4 microseconds, and frequency is 37037/50HZ, and laser power is 67W.First relief angle fine finishining: cutting-in 0.5mm, above cuts wide 0.04mm, the wide 0.04mm of incision, and focal position is 0mm, and incidence angle is 10 °, and pulsewidth is 0.8 microsecond, and frequency is 100000/32HZ, and laser power is 70W.Cutting edge and the first relief angle microstoning: cutting-in 0.3mm, above cut wide 0.02mm, the wide 0.02mm of incision, and focal position is 0mm, and incidence angle is 4 °, and pulsewidth is 2.4 microseconds, and frequency is 35714/50HZ, and laser power is 27W.Polishing: cutting-in 0.07mm, above cuts wide 0.02mm, the wide 0.02mm of incision, and focal position is 0mm, and incidence angle is 5 °, and pulsewidth is 0.8 microsecond, and frequency is 37037/50HZ, and laser power is 25W.
As preferably, in step 4), described in go cobalt liquor to be: the concentrated sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, respectively according to 20at%, do in the solution of solvent with pure water, and reflection temperature is set to 90 °, and uniform stirring removes cobalt liquor, reacts 3 hours.
As preferably, in step 1), described PCD composite sheet is respectively 16P and 12P material, and in 16P material, adamantine granularity is 4 microns, and adamantine volume content is PCD thickness 0.6mm in 90%, PCD composite sheet; In 12P material, adamantine granularity is 2 microns, and adamantine volume content is PCD thickness 0.55mm in 92%, PCD composite sheet.
As preferably, in step 2) in, described tool matrix is WC/Co carbide alloy.
As preferably, in step 1), the blade cut into has the curved surface profile of inner concave shape.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention is preferred laser processing parameter, improve the surface quality of knife face after PCD forming tool, effectively control tipping quantity and the size of cutting edge, improve the cost performance of PCD forming tool.Cutting edge tipping size can be controlled within 2 microns, and tooth profile uniformity is good.The present invention reduces the generation of the oxidation effect of PCD cutter rake face, and the tipping size Control of cutting edge is within 2 microns simultaneously, and cutting edge place Co, W element is uniformly distributed.Co, W element of rear knife face is also comparatively even with the increase of thickness.Adopt Ag, Cu, Cd solder to reduce welding temperature, decrease the graphited tendency of PCD cutter, add cutting-tool's used life.The shaping PCD cutter utilizing this kind of method to prepare can continuous cutting 2500 shaping curved surfaces of aluminum phone housing, cut rear workpiece surface roughness retentivity good, at Ra0.02 microns.
Detailed description of the invention
Be clearly and completely described to the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention below, obviously, described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making other embodiments all obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Laser processing technology of the present invention, comprises the steps: to utilize AutoCAD software to draw, and preserve with DXF form, system can automatically identify DXF file and import in processing sets up system; Then the position setting probe and the mode of advancing; Setting shaft to the first relief angles 5 °, radial first relief angles 7.5 °; Tool sharpening parameter is set; By concave shaped PCD Cutting tool installation manner on handle of a knife, after installing workpiece, according to the probe route of design in advance, the position of detection PCD blade and angle; According to program parameter agreement, Laser Processing is carried out to PCD cutter.After machining, take off cutter and send quality inspection room to carry out quality inspection.
Below, in conjunction with detailed description of the invention, the present invention is described further:
Embodiment 1:
A kind of concave shaped complex outline PCD cutter and ultraprecise high efficiency preparation method thereof, comprise the following steps:
1) by the 1.6-16P composite sheet of a monoblock diameter 58mm, utilize the mode of Linear cut slow wire feeding to cut, be cut into some pieces of PCD blades as requested.1.6-12P also do same process.
2) blade welding: Hand held PC D composite sheet, uses green silicon carbide wheel grinding.Then, chamfering is carried out to composite sheet, by the placement direction filing PCD composite sheet of file along solder, composite sheet is put into acetone soln, cleans in ultrasonic cleaner, dry for subsequent use.Tool matrix is also done same process.First low temperature fluxes is coated in cutter cutter groove, then places PCD composite sheet.Then cutter is put into vacuum welding to pick, control brazing temperature from room temperature to 450 °, be then incubated 30min; Be warmed up to 550 °, be then incubated 3min; Be warmed up to 700 °, be then incubated 5min; Reduce the temperature to 450 °, be then incubated 30min.Last with stove Slow cooling.Wherein, solder flux is Ag, Cu, Cd, Ni, Fe, Mn, Si solder flux.
3) processing of PCD cutting edge and knife face thereafter: according to the designing requirement of inner concave shape complex outline cutting edge roundness, utilize laser cutting device to carry out lasser cutting to PCD cutter; Wherein, the first relief angle is opened slightly: cutting-in 0.3mm, above cuts wide 0.07mm, the wide 0.06mm of incision, and focal position is 0mm, and incidence angle is 10 °, and pulsewidth is 0.8 microsecond, and frequency is 100000/45HZ, and laser power is 67W.First relief angle fine finishining: cutting-in 0.5mm, above cuts wide 0.04mm, the wide 0.04mm of incision, and focal position is 0mm, and incidence angle is 10 °, and pulsewidth is 0.8 microsecond, and frequency is 100000/32HZ, and laser power is 70W.Cutting edge and the first relief angle microstoning: cutting-in 0.25mm, above cut wide 0.04mm, the wide 0.04mm of incision, and focal position is 0mm, and incidence angle is 5 °, and pulsewidth is 0.8 microsecond, and frequency is 76923/50HZ, and laser power is 27W.Polishing: cutting-in 0.07mm, above cuts wide 0.02mm, the wide 0.02mm of incision, and focal position is 0mm, and incidence angle is 5 °, and pulsewidth is 0.8 microsecond, and frequency is 100000/40HZ, and laser power is 25W.
4) the de-cobalt process of blade: before spraying Teflon, first by PCD cutter successively through cleaning fluid Ultrasonic Cleaning 10 ~ 15 minutes, rinsed with deionized water 3 ~ 5 times, puts into vacuum drying chamber 120 ° of C and dries 1 hour.Then adopt dispersion coating spraying, form a protective layer by the outer surface of the part except polycrystalline diamond of PCD cutter sprays Teflon; Then be placed in baker by PCD cutter and heat, temperature controls at 100 ° of below C, until the volatilization of most solvent, finally again through 200 ° of C, the hot setting of 30 minutes.Then PCD cutter is put into cobalt liquor, temperature 90 ° of C, uniform stirring removes cobalt liquor 3 hours, then takes out PCD cutter, and cleaning treatment is to neutral; Finally remove the Teflon that the outer surface of PCD cutter sprays, to obtain final product.Go cobalt liquor to be severe corrosive chemical solution, its formula is: 0.98 concentrated sulfuric acid 20at%, nitric acid 20at%, phosphoric acid 20at%, makees solvent with pure water.
Be the contrast of the cutter of 800 with the life-span:
1, the PCD molding cutter rake face of manufacture of the present invention and life-span are the contrast of the cutter of 800, and the oxidated layer thickness of cutter rake face is less than existing processing technology.
2, the PCD molding cutter cutting edge of manufacture of the present invention and life-span are the contrast of the cutter of 800, and the distribution of Co and W at cutting edge roundness place is relatively more even, is better than existing technique.
After the PCD molding cutter of 3, manufacture of the present invention, knife face and life-span are the contrast of the cutter of 800, and after cutter, the comparision contents of Co and W of knife face is balanced, organizes comparatively even.
4, the PCD molding cutter weld seam of manufacture of the present invention and life-span are the contrast of the cutter of 800, and cutter commissure solder is relatively more even, and weld seam is less.
Embodiment 2:
The feature of the present embodiment is: the first relief angle is opened slightly: cutting-in 0.3mm, above cuts wide 0.07mm, the wide 0.06mm of incision, and focal position is 0mm, and incidence angle is 6 °, and pulsewidth is 2.4 microseconds, and frequency is 37037/50HZ, and laser power is 67W.First relief angle fine finishining: cutting-in 0.5mm, above cuts wide 0.04mm, the wide 0.04mm of incision, and focal position is 0mm, and incidence angle is 10 °, and pulsewidth is 0.8 microsecond, and frequency is 100000/32HZ, and laser power is 70W.Cutting edge and the first relief angle microstoning: cutting-in 0.3mm, above cut wide 0.02mm, the wide 0.02mm of incision, and focal position is 0mm, and incidence angle is 4 °, and pulsewidth is 2.4 microseconds, and frequency is 35714/50HZ, and laser power is 27W.Polishing: cutting-in 0.07mm, above cuts wide 0.02mm, the wide 0.02mm of incision, and focal position is 0mm, and incidence angle is 5 °, and pulsewidth is 0.8 microsecond, and frequency is 37037/50HZ, and laser power is 25W.
Contrast test:
Laser Processing is added up cobalt process method and independent electric spark, carry out with the cutter of Laser Processing, electric spark Compound Machining the allumen that milling 7 is separately and contrast, under the prerequisite that cutting factor is identical, compare experiment, often kind of a cutter gets 3, totally 12.The number of packages in independent electric spark machine-shaping face is 300; The number of packages of independent Laser Processing forming surface is 800; The number of packages of electric spark, laser Compound Machining forming surface is 1500; And adopting the welding procedure of improvement and Laser Processing to add follow-up cobalt process of going, the number of packages being processed into profile is 2500.
The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention; not thereby the scope of the claims of the present invention is limited; every utilize description of the present invention to do equivalent structure or equivalent flow process conversion; or be directly or indirectly used in other relevant technical field, be all in like manner included in scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a preparation method for high life PCD cutter, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
1) PCD composite sheet cutting: utilize the method for Linear cut respectively the PCD composite sheet of 16P and 12P to be cut into some pieces of PCD blades;
2) blade welding: PCD blade is welded on tool matrix, obtains PCD cutter;
3) the precise laser processing of PCD cutter: according to the designing requirement of inner concave shape complex outline cutting edge roundness, utilize laser cutting device to carry out lasser cutting to PCD cutter; Wherein, cutting-in 0.07 ~ 0.5mm, cuts wide 0.02 ~ 0.07mm, and focal position is 0mm, and incidence angle is 5 ~ 10 °, and pulsewidth is 0.8 microsecond, and frequency is 1538 ~ 3125HZ, and laser power is 25 ~ 70W;
4) PCD pull-up cobalt process: the method adopting dispersion coating, at the outer surface spraying Teflon of the part except polycrystalline diamond layer, the PCD cutter after coating is put into cobalt liquor, at a certain temperature, uniform stirring removes cobalt liquor, the reaction regular hour; Then PCD cutter is taken out.
2. the preparation method of high life PCD cutter according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step 2) in, before welding blasting treatment is carried out to the hard alloy surface of PCD composite sheet, and carry out the technique such as chamfering, filing successively.
3. the preparation method of high life PCD cutter according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step 2) in, adopt vacuum welding method, at 0 ~ 450 ° of C, increase soldering furnace temperature with the speed of 20 ° of C/min, and be incubated 3min 450 ° of C moment; Continue to increase soldering furnace temperature to 550 ° of C with the speed of 20 ° of C/min, insulation 3min; Continue to increase soldering furnace temperature to 700 ° of C with the speed of 20 ° of C/min, weld interval is 5min.
4. the preparation method of high life PCD cutter according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step 2) in, after welding, cutter is put into vacuum drying oven and carry out Slow cooling, speed is 10 ° of C/min, and takes out cutter below 200 ° of C temperature.
5. the preparation method of high life PCD cutter according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step 3), and laser processing parameter is the one in following parameters combination:
1) parameters combination 1:
First relief angle is opened slightly: cutting-in 0.3mm, above cuts wide 0.07mm, the wide 0.06mm of incision, and focal position is 0mm, and incidence angle is 10 °, and pulsewidth is 0.8 microsecond, and frequency is 100000/45HZ, and laser power is 67W;
First relief angle fine finishining: cutting-in 0.5mm, above cuts wide 0.04mm, the wide 0.04mm of incision, and focal position is 0mm, and incidence angle is 10 °, and pulsewidth is 0.8 microsecond, and frequency is 100000/32HZ, and laser power is 70W;
Cutting edge and the first relief angle microstoning: cutting-in 0.25mm, above cut wide 0.04mm, the wide 0.04mm of incision, and focal position is 0mm, and incidence angle is 5 °, and pulsewidth is 0.8 microsecond, and frequency is 76923/50HZ, and laser power is 27W;
Polishing: cutting-in 0.07mm, above cuts wide 0.02mm, the wide 0.02mm of incision, and focal position is 0mm, and incidence angle is 5 °, and pulsewidth is 0.8 microsecond, and frequency is 100000/40HZ, and laser power is 25W;
2) parameters combination 2:
First relief angle is opened slightly: cutting-in 0.3mm, above cuts wide 0.07mm, the wide 0.06mm of incision, and focal position is 0mm, and incidence angle is 6 °, and pulsewidth is 2.4 microseconds, and frequency is 37037/50HZ, and laser power is 67W;
First relief angle fine finishining: cutting-in 0.5mm, above cuts wide 0.04mm, the wide 0.04mm of incision, and focal position is 0mm, and incidence angle is 10 °, and pulsewidth is 0.8 microsecond, and frequency is 100000/32HZ, and laser power is 70W;
Cutting edge and the first relief angle microstoning: cutting-in 0.3mm, above cut wide 0.02mm, the wide 0.02mm of incision, and focal position is 0mm, and incidence angle is 4 °, and pulsewidth is 2.4 microseconds, and frequency is 35714/50HZ, and laser power is 27W;
Polishing: cutting-in 0.07mm, above cuts wide 0.02mm, the wide 0.02mm of incision, and focal position is 0mm, and incidence angle is 5 °, and pulsewidth is 0.8 microsecond, and frequency is 37037/50HZ, and laser power is 25W.
6. the preparation method of high life PCD cutter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step 4), cobalt liquor is gone to be: the concentrated sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid are respectively according to 20at%, do in the solution of solvent with pure water, reflection temperature is set to 90 °, uniform stirring removes cobalt liquor, reacts 3 hours, finally takes out PCD cutter.
7. the preparation method of high life PCD cutter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step 1), described PCD composite sheet is respectively 16P and 12P material, in 16P material, adamantine granularity is 4 microns, adamantine volume content is PCD thickness 0.6mm in 90%, PCD composite sheet; In 12P material, adamantine granularity is 2 microns, and adamantine volume content is PCD thickness 0.55mm in 92%, PCD composite sheet.
8. the preparation method of high life PCD cutter according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step 2) in, described tool matrix is WC/Co carbide alloy.
9. the preparation method of high life PCD cutter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step 1), the blade cut into has the curved surface profile of inner concave shape.
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