CN105268756B - Die for pre-forming inner holes of deep-hole shaft parts, method for forming inner holes and forming process of deep-hole shaft parts - Google Patents
Die for pre-forming inner holes of deep-hole shaft parts, method for forming inner holes and forming process of deep-hole shaft parts Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105268756B CN105268756B CN201510608455.6A CN201510608455A CN105268756B CN 105268756 B CN105268756 B CN 105268756B CN 201510608455 A CN201510608455 A CN 201510608455A CN 105268756 B CN105268756 B CN 105268756B
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- punch
- mould
- endoporus
- hole shaft
- drip molding
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- Expired - Fee Related
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000641 cold extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001815 facial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C25/00—Profiling tools for metal extruding
- B21C25/02—Dies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/02—Making uncoated products
- B21C23/20—Making uncoated products by backward extrusion
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a die for pre-forming inner holes of deep-hole shaft parts, a method for forming inner holes and a forming process of the deep-hole shaft parts. The die comprises a male die body, a female die body and a male die sleeve arranged outside the male die body in a matched manner. A mold cavity is formed in the female die body. A step part connected with the bottom of an upset head of a forming piece of the deep-hole shaft parts in an abutting manner is formed in the part, located in the mold cavity, on the female die body. When the step that the inner holes are pre-formed through the die is finished, the end face of the bottom end of the male die body should be aligned with the plane part of the step part, and therefore it can be avoided that folding defects happen to the bottoms of flanges when the step that the flanges are formed is conducted, the folding phenomenon happening to the bottoms of the flanges of the deep-hole shaft parts can be avoided, and the forming effect of the deep-hole shaft parts can be ensured.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mould of preform deep hole shaft forgings endoporus, the method for formation endoporus and deep hole shaft forgings
Forming technology.
Background technology
Gear-box axle like members is the core component of car transmissions, and China's car industry was entered after the nineties in 20th century
High-speed development period, conventional production methods cannot meet market demands.Open herein for change speed gear box deep hole shaft forgings forming technology
Exhibition research.As shown in figure 1, such part is typically characterised by, and bar portion is elongated, head has flange and inside has blind hole.Current state
The interior main method for producing such part is cold extrusion bar portion-upsetting squeeze flange-machining blind hole.But machining blind hole can be cut
Disconnected metal streamline, reduces properties of product and stock utilization.If blind hole is once-forming by backward extrusion, forming technology is：It is cold
Extruding bar portion-heading-backward extrusion endoporus-upsetting flange closes up.In this kind of technique, can be in head during backward extrusion endoporus
One Rouno Cormer Pregrinding Wheel is formed on bottom, in upsetting flange closing in work step forms metal folding.
The content of the invention
Present invention is primarily targeted at providing a kind of mould of preform deep hole shaft forgings endoporus, the method for forming endoporus
And the forming technology of deep hole shaft forgings, the flange base of deep hole shaft forgings can be avoided Fold occur, and then guarantee deep hole
The forming effect of shaft forgings.
The present invention proposes a kind of mould of preform deep hole shaft forgings endoporus, including punch, die and with being set on
Punch case on the outside of the punch, is provided with die cavity on the die, and on the die forming one in the die cavity is used for
The stage portion abutted against with the heading bottom of the drip molding of the deep hole shaft forgings, is tied using the mould preform endoporus work step
Shu Shi, punch bottom end face should be concordant with the planar portions of the stage portion.
Using said structure, at the end of the mould preform endoporus work step, punch bottom end face should be with institute
The planar portions for stating stage portion are concordant, i.e., when described punch lower surface is flushed with the planar portions of the stage portion, the punch stops
Move down, make preform bore depth highly equal with drip molding heading, so as to avoid shaping during flange work step, flange base
There is fold defect, and then the flange base of deep hole shaft forgings can be avoided Fold occur, to guarantee deep hole shaft forgings
Forming effect.
Preferably, the punch case has the first step, second step, the 3rd that diameter successively decreases successively from top to bottom
Rank, constitutes punch case planar portions of the present invention by the 3rd step plane portion of the 3rd step, using the mould preformation
At the end of shape endoporus work step, punch bottom end face should be with the step relative to the extension elongation of the punch case planar portions
The distance between the planar portions in portion and the punch case planar portions are equal.
Preferably, the mould also include be connected in turn from top to bottom convex mould pad, punch retainer and
Pressure ring, the pressure ring are moved along the punch case on matched moulds/die sinking direction.
Preferably, it is furnished with to provide required during preform endoporus between the punch case and the punch retainer
The spring of back pressure.
The invention allows for it is a kind of on the drip molding of deep hole shaft forgings formed endoporus method, including it is aforementioned in it is arbitrary
The mould, at the end of the mould preform endoporus work step, punch bottom end face should be flat with the stage portion
It is facial concordant.
Using said method, at the end of the mould preform endoporus work step, punch bottom end face should be with institute
The planar portions for stating stage portion are concordant, i.e., when described punch lower surface is flushed with the planar portions of the stage portion, the punch stops
Move down, make preform bore depth highly equal with drip molding heading, so as to avoid shaping during flange work step, flange base
There is fold defect, and then the flange base of deep hole shaft forgings can be avoided Fold occur, to guarantee deep hole shaft forgings
Forming effect.
The invention allows for a kind of forming technology of deep hole shaft forgings, including：
Step 1, carries out a diameter reducing extrusion process to the shaping rod unit of deep hole shaft forgings；
Step 2, the drip molding formed to step 1 carry out secondary diameter reducing extrusion process；
Step 3, the drip molding formed to step 2 carry out upsetting squeeze to form heading at the top of the drip molding；
Step 4, the drip molding formed to step 3 is once counter to be squeezed endoporus process；
Step 5, the drip molding formed to step 4 carry out secondary counter and squeeze endoporus process；
Step 6, the drip molding formed to step 5 carry out upsetting squeeze flange necking process；
Wherein, at the end of backward extrusion preform endoporus work step of step 4, punch bottom end face should be with described
The planar portions in rank portion are concordant.
Using above-mentioned technique, can avoid being formed metal folding on the middle drip molding or finished parts of deep hole shaft forgings now
As, it is ensured that the heading bottom of deep hole shaft forgings is smooth.Simultaneously, moreover it is possible to obtain continuous metal streamline, guaranteeing deep hole shaft forgings
Forming effect, and increase substantially stock utilization.
Description of the drawings
Structural representations of the Fig. 1 for deep hole shaft forgings；
Forming technology general flow charts of the Fig. 2 for deep hole shaft forgings shown in Fig. 1；
Structural representations of the Fig. 3 for the mould of preform deep hole shaft forgings endoporus, wherein, mould is in matched moulds state；
Structural representations of the Fig. 4 for the mould of preform deep hole shaft forgings endoporus, wherein, mould is poroid in being squeezed into
State；
Structural representations of the Fig. 5 for the punch case and die of mould；
Fig. 6 is punch bottom face higher than the material flow schematic diagram corresponding to stage portion planar portions；
Institute's caused metal folding phenomenon when Fig. 7 is higher than stage portion planar portions for punch bottom face；
Fig. 8 is punch bottom face less than the material flow schematic diagram corresponding to stage portion planar portions；
Fig. 9 is punch bottom face less than the metal streamline schematic diagram corresponding to stage portion planar portions；
Figure 10 flushes corresponding metal streamline schematic diagram with stage portion planar portions for punch bottom face.
Specific embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1～Figure 10 to the mould of preform deep hole shaft forgings endoporus of the present invention, form endoporus
The forming technology of method and deep hole shaft forgings is described in detail.
As shown in figure 1, deep hole shaft forgings 1 generally have elongated bar portion 11, there is flange 12 in the head of the bar portion 11,
There is inside the head of bar portion 11 blind hole 13, and the top of the blind hole 13 is in closing in shape.In the present invention, deep hole shaft forgings 1 are led
Shaping, with reference to shown in Fig. 2, the forming technology of deep hole shaft forgings mainly comprises the steps for technological process shown in Fig. 2 to be adopted：
Step 1, carries out a diameter reducing extrusion and processes to the shaping rod unit of deep hole shaft forgings, formed shown in Fig. 2 (a) into
Shape part；
Step 2, carries out secondary diameter reducing extrusion process to the drip molding shown in Fig. 2 (a), forms the shaping shown in Fig. 2 (b)
Part；
Step 3, carries out upsetting squeeze to form heading on the top of drip molding, ultimately forms figure to the drip molding shown in Fig. 2 (b)
Drip molding shown in 2 (c)；
Step 4, it is once counter to the drip molding shown in Fig. 2 (c) to be squeezed endoporus process, form the shaping shown in Fig. 2 (d)
Part；
Step 5, carries out secondary counter and squeezes endoporus process, form the shaping shown in Fig. 2 (e) to the drip molding shown in Fig. 2 (d)
Part；
Step 6, carries out upsetting squeeze flange necking process, forms the shaping shown in Fig. 2 (f) to the drip molding shown in Fig. 2 (e)
Part, that is, the finished parts of deep hole shaft forgings.
The present invention's mainly thes improvement is that, is realized using mould shown in Fig. 3～Fig. 5 once anti-crowded in step 4
Endoporus treatment process.As shown in Fig. 3～Fig. 5, it is convex that the punch assemblies of shown mould include being connected in turn from top to bottom
Die-cushion plate 21, punch retainer 22 and pressure ring 23,23 overall U-shaped of pressure ring, its top is fixed on by securing members such as screws
On the lower surface of punch retainer 22, a stepped hole 231 is provided with the bottom of pressure ring 23.On the lower surface of punch retainer 22
A punch case 24 is provided with the inside of pressure ring 23, spring 25 is provided between the top of the punch case 24 and punch retainer 22, the bullet
Spring 25 is to provide back pressure required during preform endoporus.It is provided with the inside of pressure ring 23 on the lower surface of convex mould pad 21
Punch 26, the punch 26 are overall T-shaped Step Shaft, and it is fixed on convex mould pad 21 by punch retainer 22.
As shown in Fig. 3～Fig. 5, punch case 24 has a three-level step, diameter it is maximum for first step 241, diameter is less
For second step 242, diameter it is minimum for the 3rd step 243, second step 242 has second step facade portion 242a and the
Two step plane portion 242b, the 3rd step 243 have the 3rd step facade portion 243a and the 3rd step plane portion 243b, by this
Three step plane portion 243b constitute punch case planar portions of the present invention.The top of punch 26 and the lower surface of convex mould pad 21
Abut against, its vertical portion axially penetrates through punch retainer 22, spring 25, punch case 24 from top to bottom successively, and punch 26
Can stretch out from the bottom of punch case 24 bottom.On the press ram that punch assemblies are typically mounted on provide plastic force, mould
During tool matched moulds/die sinking, convex mould pad 21, punch retainer 22, pressure ring 23 and punch 26 keep synchronizing moving, and pressure ring 23 is along convex
Die sleeve 24 is moved.In the present invention, punch 26 is formed shaping shown in Fig. 2 (d) to extrude to drip molding shown in Fig. 2 (c)
Endoporus on part, therefore the bottom end face of punch 26 is plane.
Die component is generally fixed on the work top of forcing press, as shown in Fig. 3～Fig. 5, die component include with it is convex
The die 31 opposite with punch case 24 of mould 26 and the die circle stress 32 being arranged on the outside of the die 31.It is provided with die 31
The die cavity 311 corresponding with drip molding shape shown in Fig. 2 (d), is squeezed at endoporus using mould shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 is once counter
During science and engineering sequence, the lower end of punch 26 is extruded into die cavity top to the drip molding shown in Fig. 2 (c), to form Fig. 2 (d) institutes
The drip molding for showing.A stage portion 312, the planar portions of the stage portion 312 are formed near top in die cavity 311 on die 31
312a is corresponding with the heading bottom of drip molding shown in Fig. 2 (d), and planar portions 312a are on die cavity axial direction
Length is equal with the width of the heading of drip molding shown in Fig. 2 (d).
Below to using mould shown in Fig. 3～Fig. 5 once it is counter squeezed endoporus treatment process when, the operation principle of the mould
Easily described.
Drip molding shown in Fig. 2 (c) is placed in the die cavity 311 of mould shown in Fig. 3, and punch assemblies are acted in press ram
Under descending (i.e. move to matched moulds direction), until the upper surface of second step planar portions 242b of punch case 24 and die 31, the
The top of three step plane portion 243b and the top surface of drip molding shown in Fig. 2 (c), the lower surface of punch 26 and drip molding shown in Fig. 2 (c)
Face abuts against respectively, then punch case 24 reaches die-closed position；
Punch assemblies are continued traveling downwardly under press ram drive, in the moving process, the compression bullet of punch retainer 22
Spring 25 makes punch case 24 further be connected on die 31, convex mould pad 21, punch retainer 22, pressure ring 23 and punch 26 after
It is continuous descending, then drive punch 26 to extrude to form endoporus drip molding shown in Fig. 2 (c), when punch bottom end face and die
When planar portions 312a of stage portion are flushed, backward extrusion preform endoporus is completed.
After the completion of backward extrusion preform endoporus, forcing press drives convex mould pad 21, punch retainer 22, pressure ring 23 and convex
26 grade component of mould up (moving along stripping direction), makes punch 26 depart from from the endoporus of profiled member shown in Fig. 2 (d), thus
The core pulling process of mould is realized, during aforementioned core pulling, as, in the presence of spring 25, punch case is temporarily motionless.
Forcing press continues to drive whole punch assemblies up (moving towards stripping direction), when pressure ring 23 and punch case 24
Flange (being made up of first step 241) contact after, punch case 24 is moved with punch assemblies, reaches dead on press ram
Point, thus completes whole backward extrusion preform endoporus process.
In the present invention, as the structure of mould meets following conditions：Formed on drip molding shown in Fig. 2 (c) using mould
During endoporus, punch bottom end face should be concordant in the planar portions at die stage portion, thus come ensure preform bore depth with into
Shape part heading portion it is highly equal, so as to when avoiding shaping flange work step, fold defect occurs in flange base, it is advantageously ensured that deep
The forming effect of hole axle like members.In addition, compared with cold extrusion, using the diameter reducing extrusion technological process shown in Fig. 2, deformation can be reduced
Amount, reduces plastic force, simplifies mould structure.
If punch bottom end face is higher than stage portion planar portions 312a, in backward extrusion endoporus work step, as shown in fig. 6, in mould
Under tool effect, flow velocity of the speed that metal is flowed up on the outside of drip molding heading more than its inner metal, easily in drip molding
One big fillet is formed on heading bottom, causes heading bottom shape out-of-flatness.After backward extrusion endoporus work step terminates, deep hole axle class
When the drip molding of part moves to upsetting squeeze flange necking work step and processed, due to the presence of the heading bottom Rouno Cormer Pregrinding Wheel shown in Fig. 6,
Under mould action, outwardly, part metals flow downward the part metals of heading circular arc, cause to form Fig. 7 in heading bottom
Shown metal folding phenomenon.
If punch bottom end face is less than stage portion planar portions 312a, in backward extrusion endoporus work step, under mould action, gold
Category flowing is finally outwardly filled die, makes material flow as shown in figure 8, male bottom metal flows down and then up
Difficulty, when causing compact making hole, required plastic force is larger, meanwhile, metal folding is easily formed in heading bottom as shown in Figure 9, and
And male bottom, more less than stage portion planar portions 312a, easier formation in heading bottom folds.
Figure 10 show metal streamline schematic diagram corresponding when punch bottom end face is flushed with stage portion planar portions 312a,
Can be apparent from from Figure 10, in backward extrusion endoporus work step, under mould action, heading bottom is compared shown in Fig. 7 and Fig. 9
It is substantially smooth.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to limit the present invention, all spirit in the present invention and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc. should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of mould of preform deep hole shaft forgings endoporus, including punch, die and with being set on the outside of the punch
Punch case, is provided with die cavity on the die, formed in the die cavity on the die one for the deep hole axle class
The stage portion that the heading bottom of the drip molding of part abuts against, it is characterised in that terminated using the mould preform endoporus work step
When, punch bottom end face should be concordant with the planar portions of the stage portion,
The punch case has the first step that diameter successively decreases successively from top to bottom, second step, the 3rd step, by the 3rd
3rd step plane portion of rank constitutes described punch case planar portions,
At the end of using the mould preform endoporus work step, punch bottom end face is relative to the punch case planar portions
Extension elongation should be equal with the distance between the planar portions of the stage portion and the punch case planar portions.
2. mould according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the mould also includes being connected in turn from top to bottom
Convex mould pad, punch retainer and pressure ring, the pressure ring moved along the punch case on matched moulds/die sinking direction.
3. mould according to claim 2, it is characterised in that be furnished with to provide pre- between the punch case and fixed plate
The spring of required back pressure during shaping endoporus.
4. it is a kind of on the drip molding of deep hole shaft forgings formed endoporus method, it is characterised in that including in claims 1 to 3
Arbitrary mould,
At the end of the mould preform endoporus work step, punch bottom end face should be flat with the planar portions of the stage portion
Together.
5. a kind of forming technology of deep hole shaft forgings, it is characterised in that including arbitrary mould in claims 1 to 3, described
Forming technology includes：
Step 1, carries out a diameter reducing extrusion process to the shaping rod unit of deep hole shaft forgings；
Step 2, the drip molding formed to step 1 carry out secondary diameter reducing extrusion process；
Step 3, the drip molding formed to step 2 carry out jumping-up to form heading at the top of the drip molding；
Step 4, the drip molding formed to step 3 is once counter to be squeezed endoporus process；
Step 5, the drip molding formed to step 4 carry out secondary counter and squeeze endoporus process；
Step 6, the drip molding formed to step 5 carry out upsetting squeeze flange necking process；
Wherein, at the end of backward extrusion preform endoporus work step of step 4, punch bottom end face should be with the stage portion
Planar portions it is concordant.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510608455.6A CN105268756B (en) | 2015-09-22 | 2015-09-22 | Die for pre-forming inner holes of deep-hole shaft parts, method for forming inner holes and forming process of deep-hole shaft parts |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510608455.6A CN105268756B (en) | 2015-09-22 | 2015-09-22 | Die for pre-forming inner holes of deep-hole shaft parts, method for forming inner holes and forming process of deep-hole shaft parts |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105268756A CN105268756A (en) | 2016-01-27 |
| CN105268756B true CN105268756B (en) | 2017-05-03 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510608455.6A Expired - Fee Related CN105268756B (en) | 2015-09-22 | 2015-09-22 | Die for pre-forming inner holes of deep-hole shaft parts, method for forming inner holes and forming process of deep-hole shaft parts |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106238486B (en) * | 2016-08-17 | 2018-10-26 | 中国兵器工业第五九研究所 | A kind of slender member revolving die backward extrusion fine grain shaping dies and manufacturing process |
| CN106862290B (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2018-05-25 | 中北大学 | A kind of cup shell backward extrusion forming device and manufacturing process |
| CN107336463A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2017-11-10 | 陈志妹 | A kind of new crowded mouth mold tool |
| CN108941232B (en) * | 2018-07-09 | 2019-11-19 | 中国兵器工业第五九研究所 | A kind of casted die mould |
| CN108838226B (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2020-03-31 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Hot back extrusion forming method for titanium alloy cup-shaped piece |
| CN111014455B (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2022-01-25 | 浙江海亮股份有限公司 | Cold punching and drawing die |
| CN111069414B (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-11-03 | 顺科新能源技术股份有限公司 | Part punching device and method |
| CN113020512B (en) * | 2021-03-19 | 2021-11-19 | 盐城中德精锻股份有限公司 | Composite forming process and device for thin-wall deep-hole barrel precision forging |
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| CN2885442Y (en) * | 2006-02-15 | 2007-04-04 | 北京机电研究所 | Axle sleeve extruding die |
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| JPH07218B2 (en) * | 1988-03-07 | 1995-01-11 | 進 伊藤 | Manufacturing method of eyeglass fittings |
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| CN2885442Y (en) * | 2006-02-15 | 2007-04-04 | 北京机电研究所 | Axle sleeve extruding die |
| CN101508004A (en) * | 2009-03-20 | 2009-08-19 | 华中科技大学 | Sedan gear-box axle piece cold finish-forging formation method and die |
| CN101579800A (en) * | 2009-06-12 | 2009-11-18 | 大丰市中德精锻件有限公司 | Warm and cold forging process for precision forging piece of integrated long-shaft inner ball cage |
| CN205074362U (en) * | 2015-09-22 | 2016-03-09 | 北京机电研究所 | Mould of deep hole axle class piece hole in advance takes shape |
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