CN105230577A - Continuous culturing method for brachionus calyciflorus - Google Patents
Continuous culturing method for brachionus calyciflorus Download PDFInfo
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- CN105230577A CN105230577A CN201510844350.0A CN201510844350A CN105230577A CN 105230577 A CN105230577 A CN 105230577A CN 201510844350 A CN201510844350 A CN 201510844350A CN 105230577 A CN105230577 A CN 105230577A
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- 241001494930 Brachionus calyciflorus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 title abstract 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 117
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 241000700141 Rotifera Species 0.000 claims description 53
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000193171 Clostridium butyricum Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000235342 Saccharomycetes Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000002906 microbiologic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000195649 Chlorella <Chlorellales> Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000186660 Lactobacillus Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940039696 lactobacillus Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009288 screen filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 abstract description 5
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 abstract description 4
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000249 desinfective effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000143060 Americamysis bahia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001850 reproductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a continuous culturing method for brachionus calyciflorus. The continuous culturing method is characterized by including the following steps that 1, water is maintained, wherein a cement pond is built in a culturing house to serve as a culturing pond, water is charged into the culturing pond one week before the brachionus calyciflorus is cultured, and the culturing water body is sterilized, subjected to standing for about a week and maintained; 2, the water temperature of the culturing water body is controlled to range from 30 DEG C to 35 DEG C, the temperature is maintained for 6 hours to 8 hours, and then the brachionus calyciflorus is inoculated; 3, the water is controlled, wherein in the culturing process, the content of ammonia nitrogen in the culturing water body is adjusted by adding microorganism treating agents to guarantee the stability of the water body environment for continuously culturing the brachionus calyciflorus; 4, harvesting is carried out, wherein after culturing is carried out for 60 hours to 72 hours, the culturing water is filtered, the brachionus calyciflorus is collected, and the culturing water obtained after filtering is recharged into the culturing pond to continue to carry out brachionus calyciflorus culturing with the method. By means of the continuous culturing method, the culturing water can be replaced after 30 days to 40 days in the brachionus calyciflorus culturing process, the average brachionus calyciflorus yield per day can be 70 to 100 in per ml of water, the nutrients of the brachionus calyciflorus are balanced and comprehensive, and the breeding survival rate of fishes, shrimps, crabs and the like in aquaculture is increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of continuous culture method of Brachionus calyciflorus, belong to technical field of aquaculture.
Background technology
Wheel animalcule (Rotifer) is a class small (0.04 ~ 4.0mm) aquatic multicellular animals, is distributed widely in fresh water all over the world, seawater and Inland Saline Water, is planktonic important component part in aquatic ecosystem.Wherein most economic implications, has the kind of significant impact, surely belongs to Brachionus calyciflorus to the development of world's fish artificial breeding industry.Brachionus calyciflorus belongs to light aqueous biological, and it has multiple distinctive nutriment, can as all kinds of fish, shrimp, the top quality open-mouthed bait of seedling after the hatching such as crab.
The high benefit cultural techonology of Brachionus calyciflorus is the basis that the extensive artificial breeding of fish Shrimp waste batch production is achieved.But, Brachionus calyciflorus is very strict for the requirement of water body environment and bait, large-scale continuous culture is difficult to accomplish at present, present stage, most Brachionus calyciflorus culture technique was batch culture, not only cultivation level is lower, cultivation cycle long, need a large amount of manpower and materials support, the product quality of simultaneously cultivating differs, and can not get effective guarantee, seriously hinders the prospect of Brachionus calyciflorus for aquaculture bait.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of continuous culture method of Brachionus calyciflorus is provided, efficient, easy, reliable, be suitable for large-scale application.
According to technical scheme provided by the invention, the continuous culture method of described Brachionus calyciflorus, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) water is supported:
In cultivation room, make cement pit as culture pond, cultivate wheel animalcule and in culture pond, put into water the last week, evenly sow full pond with quicklime, breeding water body is sterilized and static about one week; Active chlorella 1 × 10 is added by often liter of breeding water body in breeding water body
6~ 4 × 10
6individual, lactobacillus 1 × 10
6~ 2 × 10
6individual, bacillus subtilis 1 × 10
6~ 2 × 10
6individual, clostridium butyricum 1 × 10
5~ 2 × 10
5chick excrement 1 ~ 2g after individual and fermentation, and regulates water pH value to 6.5 ~ 7.5, aeration 2 ~ 3 hours;
(2) inoculate:
The water temperature controlling breeding water body, at 30 ~ 35 DEG C, maintains after 6 ~ 8 hours by 200 ~ 300 wheel animalcule/m
2the amount inoculating rotifer of breeding water body;
(3) water is controlled:
When cultivation water pH value is more than or equal to 8.0, breeding water body aeration was added cattle manure 2 ~ 4g, the saccharomycete 2 × 10 after high-temperature anaerobic fermentation by often liter of aquaculture water after 15 ~ 30 minutes
5~ 4 × 10
5individual, bacillus subtilis 1 × 10
5~ 2 × 10
5the microbiological garbage treatment agent of individual composition;
When pH is more than or equal to 8.5, breeding water body aeration was added chick excrement 2 ~ 4g, the saccharomycete 2 × 10 after fermentation by often liter of aquaculture water after 15 ~ 30 minutes
5~ 4 × 10
5individual, clostridium butyricum 1 × 10
5~ 2 × 10
5the microbiological garbage treatment agent of individual composition;
(4) gather:
To cultivate after 60 ~ 72 hours, collect wheel animalcule with 250 object filter screen filtration aquaculture waters, the aquaculture water after filtering is reentered in culture pond and continues as stated above to cultivate wheel animalcule.
In an embodiment, described culture pond adopts area to be 100m
2, the cement pit of dark 0.5m.
In an embodiment, the chick liquid dung after the fermentation added in described step (1) is divided into about 30%.
In an embodiment, the water content that the milk cow after the high-temperature anaerobic fermentation added in described step (3) is dried is about 15%.
In an embodiment, the water content that the chick after the fermentation added in described step (3) is dried is about 30%.
In an embodiment, ensure not occur dry pond phenomenon in the recovery process of described wheel animalcule.
The continuous culture method of Brachionus calyciflorus of the present invention, can realize within 30 ~ 40 days, not changing aquaculture water in cultivation wheel animalcule process, obtain wheel animalcule output average every day and can reach 70 ~ 100/mL water, and wheel animalcule individual nutrition is balanced comprehensively, improves in aquaculture the reproductive survival rates such as fish, shrimp, crab and reach more than 95%.The present invention is intended to less space, lower labor cost and shorter production time, continuous culture is carried out in wheel animalcule produces, ensure the supply of aquatic livestock opening movable bait, have efficient, easy, economical, reliable, be suitable for the features such as large-scale application.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1: a kind of continuous culture method of Brachionus calyciflorus, comprises the following steps:
(1) water is supported:
Water body environment is the most critical factor of wheel animalcule growth, therefore is well the basis of cultivating freshwater rotifer by breeding water body maintenance.Maintenance is mainly by imitating the living environment of wheel animalcule at occurring in nature, and rational allocation adds microorganism sealing compound and come.
Employing area is 100m
2, the cement pit of dark 0.5m as culture pond, and with the good booth of sealing or simple building as cultivation room.Cultivate wheel animalcule and first put into 0.3m dark water the last week, evenly sow full pond with quicklime, breeding water body is sterilized and static about one week.According to the testing result of disinfecting rear breeding water body, in water body, add active chlorella 1 × 10 by often liter of aquaculture water
6individual, lactobacillus 1 × 10
6individual, bacillus subtilis 1 × 10
6individual, clostridium butyricum 1 × 10
5chick excrement (moisture 30%) 1 ~ 2g after individual and fermentation, and regulate water pH value to 6.5, aeration 2 hours, aeration described herein refers to and tans by the sun 2 hours day in the sunlight.
(2) inoculate:
The water temperature controlling breeding water body, at 30 DEG C, maintains after 8 hours by 200 wheel animalcule/m
2the amount inoculating rotifer of breeding water body;
(3) water is controlled:
When wheel animalcule density reaches 10/mL breeding water body, because wheel animalcule can drain a lot of ight soil in process of growth, the higher generation nitrite of ammonia nitrogen in water body can be caused, can detrimental effects be produced to wheel animalcule growth.Although change water can temporarily solve, again change water and to cause in the wheel animalcule short time and cannot flourish and ammonia nitrogen can continue after 12h to raise.So must the basis that treatment wheel fecula stool and will ensureing does not affect wheel animalcule growth in time be carried out.The present invention decomposes ight soil mainly through two-step method absorbing ammonia nitrogen degradation nitrite below, but also can strengthen wheel animalcule physique and nutrient component reaches the object of not changing water for a long time.
The first step: when cultivation water pH value is more than or equal to 8.0, adds cattle manure 2g, saccharomycete 2 × 10 high-temperature anaerobic fermentation after by often liter of aquaculture water by breeding water body aeration after 15 minutes
5individual, bacillus subtilis 1 × 10
5the microbiological garbage treatment agent of individual composition; Second step: when pH is more than or equal to 8.5, adds chick excrement 2g, saccharomycete 2 × 10 fermentation after by often liter of aquaculture water by breeding water body aeration after 15 minutes
5, clostridium butyricum 1 × 10
5the microbiological garbage treatment agent of individual composition.
(4) gather:
Wheel animalcule is collected with 250 object filter screen filtration aquaculture waters every 72 hours, aquaculture water after filtration is reentered in culture pond and continues as stated above to cultivate wheel animalcule, altogether complete the continuous culture of 30 days, collect the wheel animalcule of 10 batches, the wheel animalcule output of average every day is 75/mL breeding water body; Guarantee in collection process not occur dry pond phenomenon.
Embodiment 2: a kind of continuous culture method of Brachionus calyciflorus, comprises the following steps:
(1) water is supported:
Employing area is 100m
2, the cement pit of dark 0.5m as culture pond, and with the good booth of sealing or simple building as cultivation room.Cultivate wheel animalcule and first put into 0.3m dark water the last week, evenly sow full pond with quicklime, breeding water body is sterilized and static about one week.According to the testing result of disinfecting rear breeding water body, in water body, add active chlorella 4 × 10 by often liter of aquaculture water
6individual, lactobacillus 2 × 10
6individual, bacillus subtilis 2 × 10
6individual, clostridium butyricum 2 × 10
5chick excrement (moisture 30%) 2g after individual and fermentation, and regulate water pH value to 7.5, aeration 3 hours, aeration described herein refers to and tans by the sun 3 hours day in the sunlight.
(2) inoculate:
The water temperature controlling breeding water body, at 35 DEG C, maintains after 6 hours by 300 wheel animalcule/m
2the amount inoculating rotifer of breeding water body;
(3) water is controlled:
When cultivation water pH value is more than or equal to 8.0, breeding water body aeration was added cattle manure 4g, the saccharomycete 4 × 10 after high-temperature anaerobic fermentation by often liter of aquaculture water after 30 minutes
5individual, bacillus subtilis 2 × 10
5the microbiological garbage treatment agent of individual composition;
When pH is more than or equal to 8.5, breeding water body aeration was added chick excrement 4g, the saccharomycete 4 × 10 after fermentation by often liter of aquaculture water after 30 minutes
5individual, clostridium butyricum 2 × 10
5the microbiological garbage treatment agent of individual composition.
(4) gather:
Wheel animalcule is collected with 250 object filter screen filtration aquaculture waters every 68 hours, aquaculture water after filtration is reentered in culture pond and continues as stated above to cultivate wheel animalcule, altogether complete the continuous culture of 34 days, collect the wheel animalcule of 12 batches, the wheel animalcule output of average every day is 87/mL breeding water body; Guarantee in collection process not occur dry pond phenomenon.
Embodiment 3: a kind of continuous culture method of Brachionus calyciflorus, comprises the following steps:
(1) water is supported:
Employing area is 100m
2, the cement pit of dark 0.5m as culture pond, and with the good booth of sealing or simple building as cultivation room.Cultivate wheel animalcule and first put into 0.3m dark water the last week, evenly sow full pond with quicklime, breeding water body is sterilized and static about one week.According to the testing result of disinfecting rear breeding water body, in water body, add active chlorella 2 × 10 by often liter of aquaculture water
6individual, lactobacillus 1.5 × 10
6individual, bacillus subtilis 1.5 × 10
6individual, clostridium butyricum 1.5 × 10
5chick excrement (moisture 30%) 1.5g after individual and fermentation, and regulate water pH value to 7, aeration 2.5 hours, aeration described herein refers to and tans by the sun 2.5 hours day in the sunlight.
(2) inoculate:
The water temperature controlling breeding water body, at 32 DEG C, maintains after 7 hours by 250 wheel animalcule/m
2the amount inoculating rotifer of breeding water body;
(3) water is controlled:
When cultivation water pH value is more than or equal to 8.0, breeding water body aeration was added cattle manure 3g, the saccharomycete 3 × 10 after high-temperature anaerobic fermentation by often liter of aquaculture water after 20 minutes
5individual, bacillus subtilis 1.5 × 10
5the microbiological garbage treatment agent of individual composition;
When pH is more than or equal to 8.5, breeding water body aeration was added chick excrement 3g, the saccharomycete 3 × 10 after fermentation by often liter of aquaculture water after 20 minutes
5individual, clostridium butyricum 1.5 × 10
5the microbiological garbage treatment agent of individual composition.
(4) gather:
Wheel animalcule is collected with 250 object filter screen filtration aquaculture waters every 60 hours, aquaculture water after filtration is reentered in culture pond and continues as stated above to cultivate wheel animalcule, altogether complete the continuous culture of 40 days, collect the wheel animalcule of 16 batches, the wheel animalcule output of average every day is 104/mL breeding water body; Guarantee in collection process not occur dry pond phenomenon.
Before the present invention cultivates wheel animalcule, the sealing compound of water body is made up of various active microorganism and microbial fermentation product, and provides corresponding foodstuff for wheel animalcule.In incubation, adopt microorganism means to regulate breeding water body environment, control the content of ammonia nitrogen in breeding water body.After wheel animalcule reaches predetermined output and collects, the aquaculture water after filtering wheel animalcule is reentered into culture pond, realizes continuous culture wheel animalcule.
Claims (6)
1. a continuous culture method for Brachionus calyciflorus, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) water is supported:
In cultivation room, make cement pit as culture pond, cultivate wheel animalcule and in culture pond, put into water the last week, evenly sow full pond with quicklime, breeding water body is sterilized and static about one week; Active chlorella 1 × 10 is added by often liter of breeding water body in breeding water body
6~ 4 × 10
6individual, lactobacillus 1 × 10
6~ 2 × 10
6individual, bacillus subtilis 1 × 10
6~ 2 × 10
6individual, clostridium butyricum 1 × 10
5~ 2 × 10
5chick excrement 1 ~ 2g after individual and fermentation, and regulates water pH value to 6.5 ~ 7.5, aeration 2 ~ 3 hours;
(2) inoculate:
The water temperature controlling breeding water body, at 30 ~ 35 DEG C, maintains after 6 ~ 8 hours by 200 ~ 300 wheel animalcule/m
2the amount inoculating rotifer of breeding water body;
(3) water is controlled:
When cultivation water pH value is more than or equal to 8.0, breeding water body aeration was added cattle manure 2 ~ 4g, the saccharomycete 2 × 10 after high-temperature anaerobic fermentation by often liter of aquaculture water after 15 ~ 30 minutes
5~ 4 × 10
5individual, bacillus subtilis 1 × 10
5~ 2 × 10
5the microbiological garbage treatment agent of individual composition;
When pH is more than or equal to 8.5, breeding water body aeration was added chick excrement 2 ~ 4g, the saccharomycete 2 × 10 after fermentation by often liter of aquaculture water after 15 ~ 30 minutes
5~ 4 × 10
5individual, clostridium butyricum 1 × 10
5~ 2 × 10
5the microbiological garbage treatment agent of individual composition;
(4) gather:
To cultivate after 60 ~ 72 hours, collect wheel animalcule with 250 object filter screen filtration aquaculture waters, the aquaculture water after filtering is reentered in culture pond and continues as stated above to cultivate wheel animalcule.
2. the continuous culture method of Brachionus calyciflorus as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described culture pond adopts area to be 100m
2, the cement pit of dark 0.5m.
3. the continuous culture method of Brachionus calyciflorus as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the chick liquid dung after the fermentation added in described step (1) is divided into about 30%.
4. the continuous culture method of Brachionus calyciflorus as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the water content that the milk cow after the high-temperature anaerobic fermentation added in described step (3) is dried is about 15%.
5. the continuous culture method of Brachionus calyciflorus as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the water content that the chick after the fermentation added in described step (3) is dried is about 30%.
6. the continuous culture method of Brachionus calyciflorus as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: ensure not occur dry pond phenomenon in the recovery process of described wheel animalcule.
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Cited By (1)
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CN105638581A (en) * | 2016-03-03 | 2016-06-08 | 上海大学 | Culture medium and method for philodina roseola |
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2015
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CN102511432A (en) * | 2012-01-13 | 2012-06-27 | 广东海洋大学 | Method for cultivating Brachionus plicatilis |
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Cited By (1)
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CN105638581A (en) * | 2016-03-03 | 2016-06-08 | 上海大学 | Culture medium and method for philodina roseola |
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