CN105215365B - A kind of metal-cermic coating and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of metal-cermic coating and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105215365B CN105215365B CN201410247716.1A CN201410247716A CN105215365B CN 105215365 B CN105215365 B CN 105215365B CN 201410247716 A CN201410247716 A CN 201410247716A CN 105215365 B CN105215365 B CN 105215365B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of metal-cermic coating and preparation method thereof, transition zone including cermet outer layer and between the cermet outer layer and matrix, the cermet outer layer includes boride particle metal alloy bond phase and Dispersed precipitate in the metal alloy bond phase as ceramic enhancement phase, and the transition zone is made up of self-fusible alloy powder of nickel-base.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of metal-cermic coating and preparation method thereof, and in particular to one kind has outer layer and positioned at outer
The metal-cermic coating of transition zone between layer and matrix.
Background technology
With the continuous development of space flight and aviation cause, the requirement more and more higher to engine performance, it is desirable to which engine has
Very high thrust-weight ratio and big thrust, can be in high temperature, high speed, high pressure, oxygen-enriched and washed away containing solid particle exceedingly odious
With work reliable and lasting under harsh environment.Be commonly used to protect the glass enamels of these parts, glass ceramic coating due to
Fragility, low fever's corrosion have not reached above-mentioned requirement of shelter.
Cermet is a kind of very important composite, and it had both maintained the high intensity of ceramics, high rigidity, wear-resisting
The features such as damage, high temperature resistant, anti-oxidant and chemical stability, there is the obdurability and plasticity of metal again, purposes is extremely extensive, several
It is related to the various pieces of national economy and the every field of modern technologies, the raising to industrial expansion and productivity ratio plays
Important impetus.
At present, the preparation method of metal-cermic coating mainly has chemical vapour deposition technique and physical vaporous deposition.Wherein
Chemical vapour deposition technique can easily realize to a large amount of parts while carry out the deposition of coating, but because the technology needs to exist
Carried out under 1000 DEG C of hot conditions, limitation is very big.And physical vaporous deposition includes vacuum evaporation, sputter coating and ion
Plating, there is the characteristics of low temperature, high energy, and the metal-cermic coating prepared has the excellent properties of high rigidity, high-wearing feature.But
It is the coating that matrix surface formation is deposited on by will be evaporated after metallic material using physical vaporous deposition to be, this
The coating structure that method is formed is not fine and close enough, and is combined with matrix not close.
Therefore, the field can overcome drawbacks described above there is an urgent need to a kind of new metal-cermic coating.
The content of the invention
It is contemplated that the defects of overcoming existing metal-cermic coating, has outer layer the invention provides one kind and is located at
The metal-cermic coating of transition zone between outer layer and matrix.
The present invention provides a kind of metal-cermic coating, and the coating includes cermet outer layer and positioned at the gold
Belong to the transition zone between top ceramic layer and matrix, the cermet outer layer includes metal alloy bond phase and Dispersed precipitate in institute
The boride particle as ceramic enhancement phase in metal alloy bond phase is stated, the transition zone is by self-fusible alloy powder of nickel-base system
Into.
It is preferred that the metal alloy bond is mutually made up of the metal dust comprising Ni and Cr.
It is preferred that by weight, the content of each component is in the cermet outer layer：Ce is 0~1wt%, Hf is 0~
1wt%, Si are 0.5wt%~3wt%, and Cr is 5.0wt%~21wt%, and binary borides particle is 5wt%~25wt%, remaining
Measure as Ni.
It is preferred that the boride particle may be selected from TiB2、ZrB2And HfB2At least one of.
It is preferred that the volume fraction that the boride particle accounts for the cermet outer layer can be 5%~50%.
It is preferred that by weight, the self-fusible alloy powder of nickel-base can be made up of following components：B be 0.1wt%~
4.0wt%, Si are 0.2wt%~5.0wt%, and Al is 0.1wt%~5.0wt%, and Ti is 0~2.0wt%, Mo is 0~
1.0wt%, Cr are 5.0wt%~20.0wt%, and Fe is 5wt%~10wt%, surplus Ni.
It is preferred that the thickness of the transition zone can be 20~60um, the thickness of the cermet outer layer can be 50~
100um。
It is preferred that the bond strength of the metal-cermic coating and matrix can be 30~50MPa.
Present invention also offers a kind of method for preparing above-mentioned metal-cermic coating, methods described includes：
1) self-fusible alloy powder of nickel-base and binding agent, 3~5 hours obtained transition zone slurries of ball milling are mixed；
2) each component, adding additives are weighed by the proportioning of each component in the cermet outer layer, ball milling is made for 3~5 hours
Obtain cermet outer layer slurry；
3) transition zone slurry described in surface treated matrix dip-coating, vacuum-sintering is with described at 800~1000 DEG C
Matrix surface forms transition zone；And
4) cermet outer layer slurry, the vacuum-sintering at 800~1100 DEG C described in the matrix dip-coating formed with transition zone
To form cermet outer layer on the transition zone.
It is preferred that in step 1) and/or step 2), the binding agent can be terpinol and/or polyethylene glycol.
It is preferred that in step 3), the parameter of vacuum-sintering can be：Heating rate is 5~20 DEG C/min, and holding temperature is
800~1000 DEG C, soaking time is 10~30 minutes.
It is preferred that in step 4), the parameter of vacuum-sintering can be：Heating rate is 5~15 DEG C/min, and holding temperature is
800~1100 DEG C, soaking time is 10~40 minutes.
It is preferred that the vacuum-sintering can be carried out in Vacuum graphite oven, vacuum is more than 10-2Pa。
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
It is an advantage of the current invention that having prepared metal-cermic coating at a lower temperature using vaccum sintering process, and apply
Layer uniformly, it is fine and close, the defects of no hole and crackle, and can ensure uniformly to be molded on various complex profiles.It compensate for working as
The preceding country prepares the blank of metal-cermic coating with vaccum sintering process.The transition zone of application can form smelting with nickel alloy base body
Gold combines, and forms diffusion bond layer with cermet outer layer, thus the coating prepared have excellent thermal shock resistance and
Higher interface bond strength.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph for showing to obtain transition zone surface topography map in an embodiment of the invention, explanation
The transition zone of preparation is uniform, fine and close；
Fig. 2 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph for showing to obtain cermet outer layer pattern in an embodiment of the invention, explanation
Form the structure using the metal of solution strengthening as Binder Phase, using ceramic particle to strengthen phase, and coating uniform, densification；
Fig. 3 is to obtain the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph in metal-cermic coating section in an embodiment of the invention, illustrates to prepare
Transition zone and matrix form metallurgical binding, form diffusion bond with cermet coating.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and following embodiments, it should be appreciated that accompanying drawing and following embodiments
The present invention is merely to illustrate, is not intended to limit the present invention.
The present invention relates to a kind of metal-cermic coating and preparation method thereof, particularly a kind of alloy using solution strengthening is viscous
Knot phase and the cermet outer layer using the boride particle of Dispersed precipitate as ceramic enhancement phase, particularly with nickel-based self-fluxing alloy powder
Strengthening the method for cermet outer layer and substrate combinating strength for transition zone, described coating toughness is high, and bond strength is high, and
And there is good thermal shock resistance and inoxidizability.Described transition zone coating uniform, densification, metallurgy is formd with matrix alloy
With reference to foring diffusion bond with cermet outer layer.The metal-cermic coating has one layer between transition zone and matrix, it is therefore an objective to
In order to strengthen the bond strength of cermet outer layer and matrix alloy.This method is vaccum sintering process, can ensured Ni-based
Uniform, fine and close coating is prepared under the lower temperature that alloy property and intensity are not destroyed, technique is simple and convenient to operate, and
And can uniformly it be molded on various complex profiles.The metal-cermic coating of preparation uniformly, it is fine and close, have good thermal shock resistance,
Inoxidizability, obdurability, and with substrate combinating strength height.
Described metallic binding phase is the alloy phase of the constituent element containing solid solution strengthened alloy.
Described boride strengthens phase Dispersed precipitate in metallic binding phase, and volume fraction is 5%~50%.
The raw material that described metallic binding phase is mutually selected are Ni-Cr, and add appropriate rare earth element ce, Hf.
Described boride enhancing mutually includes TiB2、ZrB2、HfB2In one or more.
Described boride enhancing mutually its size across micron, sub-micron and nanoscale.
Described transition zone is nickel-based self-fluxing alloy coating, and the transition is good with nickel alloy matrix wetability layer by layer, coating system
Standby temperature is low.Increase the bond strength of metal-cermic coating and nickel alloy matrix by introducing transition zone.
Buffer layer material is self-fusible alloy powder of nickel-base, and its constituent content is Ni surpluses, B：0.1wt%~4.0wt%,
Si：0.2wt%~5.0wt%, Al：0.1wt%~5.0wt%, Ti：0~2.0wt%, Mo：0~1.0wt%, Cr：
5.0wt%~20.0wt%, Fe：5wt%~10wt%.
Cermet cladding material is containing binary borides TiB2 (HfB2, ZrB2)/NiCr powder, wherein each material contains
Measure as Ni surpluses, Ce:0~1wt%, Hf:0~1wt%, Si:0.5wt%~3wt%, Cr:5.0wt%~21wt%, TiB2
(HfB2、ZrB2)：5wt%~25wt%.
The invention provides a kind of preparation method of metal-cermic coating, comprise the following steps：
A) substrate pretreatment：Conventional polishing is carried out to nickel alloy matrix, and carries out blasting treatment；
B) transition zone slurry is prepared：The self-fusible alloy powder of nickel-base bought and the binding agent prepared in advance are put in the lump
Enter in ball grinder, 3~5h of ball milling, obtain uniform transition zone slurry；
C) dip-coating transition zone slurry：By the test piece handled well immerse slurry in, at the uniform velocity pull out, make test piece weightening 10~
25mg/cm2, and dry at room temperature；
D) transition zone is sintered：The test piece for scribbling transition zone is put into vacuum drying oven and sintered, obtains the transition zone of even compact；
E) cermet outer layer slurry is prepared：Powder is weighed according to formula, and is put in the lump with the binding agent prepared in advance
Enter in ball grinder, 3~5h of ball milling, obtain uniform cermet coating slurry；
F) dip gilding top ceramic layer slurry：The test piece handled well is immersed in slurry, at the uniform velocity pulled out, makes test piece weightening 20
~40mg/cm2, and dry at room temperature；
G) sintering metal top ceramic layer：The test piece for scribbling cermet outer layer slurry is put into vacuum drying oven and sintered, is obtained
The cermet outer layer of even compact.
In the metal-cermic coating preparation method, the temperature schedule that vacuum drying oven prepares transition zone is, with 5~20 DEG C/
Min speed is warming up to 800~1000 DEG C, is incubated 10~30min, then cools to room temperature with the furnace.
In the metal-cermic coating preparation method, the temperature schedule that vacuum drying oven prepares cermet outer layer is：With 5~
15 DEG C/min speed is warming up to 800~1100 DEG C, is incubated 10~40min, then cools to room temperature with the furnace.
It is more than 10 in high temperature dwell warm area, the vacuum of Vacuum graphite oven in whole sintering process-2Pa。
Transition region thickness is：20~60um, the thickness of cermet outer layer are：50~100um.
Metal-cermic coating thermal shock resistance prepared by this method circulates 100 times without destroying for 1100 DEG C~0 DEG C.
High-temperature oxidation resistant test is carried out to the metal-cermic coating of preparation, prepared metal-cermic coating is at 1100 DEG C
Without destroying after 50 hours of oxidation.
The bond strength that metal-cermic coating and matrix are measured with pulling method is 30~50MPa.
The metal-cermic coating of preparation uniformly, it is fine and close, the defects of no hole and crackle, transition zone is formed with nickel alloy base body
Metallurgical binding, diffusion bond layer is formd with cermet outer layer, therefore the coating prepared has an excellent thermal shock resistance
Higher interface bond strength.
Vacuum sintering technology refer to the self-fluxing alloyed powders such as the cobalt-based coated on workpiece surface, Ni-based and iron-based compared with
Heated under low vacuum, be allowed to melt and infiltrate workpiece surface, metallurgical binding is produced with matrix surface, so as to complete composition metal part
Brazing filler metal, microdefect sealing of hole and obtain with high rigidity, high abrasion, high temperature resistant and the function of surface coating such as anticorrosive
Process.Vacuum sintering technology has the characteristics that cost is low, easy to operate, processing performance is good, and not by part geometry shape
Influence.Preparing metal-cermic coating with vaccum sintering process, the country is also rarely reported at present.
It is an advantage of the current invention that having prepared metal-cermic coating at a lower temperature using vaccum sintering process, and apply
Layer uniformly, it is fine and close, the defects of no hole and crackle, and can ensure uniformly to be molded on various complex profiles.It compensate for working as
The preceding country prepares the blank of metal-cermic coating with vaccum sintering process.The transition zone of application forms metallurgical junction with nickel alloy base body
Close, and diffusion bond layer is formd with cermet outer layer, therefore the coating prepared has excellent thermal shock resistance and higher
Interface bond strength.
Fig. 1 be an embodiment of the invention in obtain transition zone surface topography map, illustrate prepare transition zone uniformly,
It is fine and close；
Fig. 2 is to obtain cermet outer layer shape appearance figure in an embodiment of the invention, illustrates to form to be dissolved by force
The metal of change is Binder Phase, the structure using ceramic particle to strengthen phase, and coating uniform, densification；
Fig. 3 is to obtain metal-cermic coating surface topography map in an embodiment of the invention, illustrates the transition prepared
Layer forms metallurgical binding with matrix, and diffusion bond is formd with cermet coating.
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and following embodiments, it should be appreciated that following examples are served only for pair
The present invention is further described, it is impossible to is interpreted as limiting the scope of the invention, those skilled in the art is according to this
Some nonessential modifications and adaptations that the above of invention is made belong to protection scope of the present invention.Following examples are specific
Temperature, time etc. be also only an example in OK range, i.e., those skilled in the art can be done by this paper explanation
Selected in suitable scope, and do not really want to be defined in the concrete numerical value of hereafter example.
Embodiment 1
For binary borides TiB2/ NiCr metal-cermic coatings, specific preparation technology are as follows：
(1) substrate pretreatment：Conventional sand paper polishing is first carried out to nickel alloy test piece, sandblasting then is carried out to strip
Processing, is finally cleaned with alcohol ultrasonic wave, and drying is standby；
(2) preparation of transition zone：First self-fusible alloy powder of nickel-base and terpinol binding agent are mixed with 50g/20ml ratio
Close, be put into ball milling 3h in ball grinder, with dip coating in one layer of uniform slurry of strip dip-coating, dry at room temperature.It is put into
900 DEG C are warming up to 15 DEG C/min speed in vacuum drying oven, 10min is incubated, is subsequently cooled to room temperature, obtains the mistake of even compact
Cross layer；
(3) preparation of cermet outer layer：It is Ce according to mass fraction：1%, Si：3%, Cr：21%, Ni：50%,
TiB2：25% formula weighs powder, and is equipped with the terpinol binding agent of 50g/20ml ratios, the ball milling 4h in ball grinder, uses
Dip coating will scribble one layer of uniform slurry of test piece dip-coating of transition zone, dry at room temperature.Be put into vacuum drying oven with 10 DEG C/
Min speed is warming up to 1000 DEG C, is incubated 15min, cools to room temperature with the furnace, obtain the cermet outer layer of even compact.
As shown in figure 1, transition zone surface topography map in embodiment 1, illustrates that the transition zone of preparation is uniform, fine and close；
As shown in Fig. 2 cermet outer layer shape appearance figure in embodiment 1, it is viscous to illustrate to form using the metal of solution strengthening
The knot mutually structure using ceramic particle as enhancing phase, and coating uniform, densification；
As shown in figure 3, the floating coat surface topography map of embodiment 1, the transition zone for illustrating to prepare forms metallurgical junction with matrix
Close, diffusion bond is formd with cermet coating.
The metal-cermic coating thermal shock resistance prepared in embodiment 1 is 1100 DEG C~0 DEG C and circulates 100 times without destroying；
High-temperature oxidation resistant test is carried out to the metal-cermic coating of preparation, prepared metal-cermic coating aoxidizes 50 at 1100 DEG C
Without destroying after hour；The bond strength that metal-cermic coating and matrix are measured with pulling method is 30MPa.
Embodiment 2
It is as follows for binary borides ZrB2/NiCr metal-cermic coatings, specific preparation technology：
(1) substrate pretreatment is the same as embodiment 1；
(2) preparation of transition zone is the same as embodiment 1；
(3) preparation of cermet outer layer is the same as embodiment 1.
High temperature comprehensive tester is warming up to 1100 DEG C and is incubated enough for a long time, the test piece for preparing coating is put into stove
In thorax, 10min is incubated, is then put into rapidly in 0 DEG C of mixture of ice and water and is incubated 5min, after so circulating 100 times, coating is complete
Good, no breakage is without cracking.
Claims (8)
- A kind of 1. metal-cermic coating, it is characterised in that including cermet outer layer and positioned at the cermet outer layer and Transition zone between nickel alloy matrix, the cermet outer layer include metal alloy bond phase and Dispersed precipitate in the metal Boride particle in alloy bonding phase as ceramic enhancement phase, wherein the metal alloy bond is mutually by including Ni and Cr gold Category powder is made, and the boride particle is selected from TiB2、ZrB2And HfB2At least one of；The transition zone is by Ni-based from molten Alloy powder is made, and the transition zone forms metallurgical binding with the nickel alloy base body, is formed with the cermet coating Diffusion bond；By weight, the content of each component is in the cermet outer layer：Ce is 0~1wt%, and Hf is 0~1wt%, and Si is 0.5wt%~3wt%, Cr are 5.0wt%~21wt%, and boride particle is 5wt%~25wt%, surplus Ni；By weight, the self-fusible alloy powder of nickel-base is made up of following components：B is 0.1wt%~4.0wt%, Si 0.2wt% ~5.0wt%, Al are 0.1wt%~5.0wt%, and Ti is 0~2.0wt%, and Mo is 0~1.0wt%, and Cr is 5.0wt%~20.0wt%, Fe is 5wt%~10wt%, surplus Ni；The bond strength of the metal-cermic coating and matrix is 30~50MPa.
- 2. metal-cermic coating according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the boride particle accounts for the cermet The volume fraction of outer layer is 5%~50%.
- 3. metal-cermic coating according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the thickness of the transition zone be 20~ 60um, the thickness of the cermet outer layer is 50~100um.
- A kind of 4. method for preparing any metal-cermic coating in claim 1-3, it is characterised in that methods described bag Include：1）Mix the self-fusible alloy powder of nickel-base and binding agent, 3~5 hours obtained transition zone slurries of ball milling；2）Each component, adding additives are weighed by the proportioning of each component in the cermet outer layer, gold is made in 3~5 hours in ball milling Belong to top ceramic layer slurry；3）Transition zone slurry described in surface treated matrix dip-coating, vacuum-sintering is with described matrix at 800~1000 DEG C Surface forms transition zone；And4）Cermet outer layer slurry described in matrix dip-coating formed with transition zone, at 800~1100 DEG C vacuum-sintering with Cermet outer layer is formed on the transition zone.
- 5. according to the method for claim 4, it is characterised in that step 1）And/or in step 2, the binding agent is pine tar Alcohol and/or polyethylene glycol.
- 6. the method according to claim 4 or 5, it is characterised in that step 3）In, the parameter of vacuum-sintering is：Heating speed Rate is 5~20 DEG C/min, and holding temperature is 800~1000 DEG C, and soaking time is 10~30 minutes.
- 7. the method according to claim 4 or 5, it is characterised in that step 4）In, the parameter of vacuum-sintering is：Heating speed Rate is 5~15 DEG C/min, and holding temperature is 800~1100 DEG C, and soaking time is 10~40 minutes.
- 8. the method according to claim 4 or 5, it is characterised in that the vacuum-sintering is carried out in Vacuum graphite oven, very Reciprocal of duty cycle is more than 10-2Pa。
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