CN105211008A - A kind of method improving dish aphid parasite reproductive efficiency - Google Patents
A kind of method improving dish aphid parasite reproductive efficiency Download PDFInfo
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- CN105211008A CN105211008A CN201510755450.6A CN201510755450A CN105211008A CN 105211008 A CN105211008 A CN 105211008A CN 201510755450 A CN201510755450 A CN 201510755450A CN 105211008 A CN105211008 A CN 105211008A
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- 241001124076 Aphididae Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 185
- 244000045947 parasite Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 230000001850 reproductive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 241000220259 Raphanus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 235000006140 Raphanus sativus var sativus Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 241000819999 Nymphes Species 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000008144 egg development Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
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- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 10
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- 241000256844 Apis mellifera Species 0.000 claims description 8
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- 230000024241 parasitism Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 abstract description 15
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- 244000308368 Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010149 Brassica rapa subsp chinensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method improving dish aphid parasite reproductive efficiency, the present invention finds to adopt the mode of alternating temperature to breed radish aphid, and tool has the following advantages: 1, the individuality of radish aphid 3 nymph in age, adult is greater than in prior art respectively with the nymph in the length of time, adult; 2, the survival rate of radish aphid adult improves, and radish aphid is from egg development to the time shorten of adult; The radish aphid female adult pest life-span of 3, breeding generation is longer than the radish aphid female adult pest that usual manner is bred, and alternating temperature is bred the radish aphid adult obtained and breeds radish aphid of future generation, the radish aphid female adult pest that the egg laying amount of female worm is bred higher than usual manner; 4, improve the parasitic rate of dish aphid parasite to radish aphid.The present invention breeds the time by shortening dish aphid parasite host's, improves dish aphid parasite reproductive efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical field of biological control of agriculture and forestry insect, be specifically related to the propagation method of the host-radish aphid of the dish aphid parasite used in the process of biological control agriculture and forestry injurious insect, and the propagation method of dish aphid parasite.
Background technology
Yunnan crop is enriched, and shortening kind is many, and aphid distribution is wide, popular by force, harm is general, and pesticide dosage is large, and prevention and controls is single, anti-heterodyne, and the problem such as residue of pesticide and pollution becomes the difficult problem troubling Yunnan Province's plant protection work for a long time.For realizing plant protection work new breakthrough, since 2006, according to the Ministry of Agriculture about " carry forward vigorously the work of diseases and pests of agronomic crop green prevention and control, promote agricultural product quality and safety and Agriculture Ecological Environment Security " requirement, Yunnan Province researches and develops integrated green prevention and control technology energetically, accelerates propelling dynamics.
Aphid parasite is the important parasite of one of aphid, aphid parasite is applied in rape, vegetables, seeding corn and other crops, aphid parasite is utilized to prevent eliminating aphis, one is the population quantity that effectively can control aphid, reduce the harm of aphid, reduce the aphid that migrates to spread disease viral disease probability, ensure the Yield and qualities of agricultural product; Two is avoid aphid to develop immunity to drugs; Three is significantly reduce the usage amount of chemical insecticide crops, reduces residue of pesticide, improves the safety of Yunnan agricultural products; Four is reduce chemical insecticide pollution on the environment.Aphid parasite is utilized to prevent eliminating aphis, that need to solve pesticide dosage large, prevention and controls is single, anti-heterodyne, the key technology of the problem such as residue of pesticide and pollution supports, for improving in Yunnan agricultural products participating country, the competition of international market creates conditions, and matches simultaneously, bring huge economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefits with sustainable agriculture development and the trend that develops modern plant protection.
The aphid overwhelming majority is subordinate to Homoptera (Homoptera) Aphidiadae (Aphididae), blazon to endanger serious polyphagy insect to crop all over the world, it not only draws crop alimentary, excretion honeydew, directly affect the seed output and quality of crop, but also propagate multiple virus, cause multiple virus disease and other worm to pass the generation of disease and popular.In the preventing and treating of aphid, people have carried out many-sided research, various control measure have application in control of aphids, particularly a large amount of Long-Time Service of insecticide in chemical control, the pesticide resistance of aphid is caused to increase, natural enemy is difficult to survival under conventional field control dosage, add the residue of pesticide probability on crop simultaneously, the pollution of agricultural environment is increased the weight of increasingly, be unfavorable for the sustainable development of agricultural.Therefore, in the control of aphid, adopt the biological prevention of environmental protection very urgent.
Aphid parasite can comprise black peach aphid Myzuspersicae (Sulzer), vegetable aphid Brevicorynebrassicae (Linnaeus), radish aphid Lipaphiserysimi (Kaltenbach), little English grain aphid Macrosiphumavenae (Fabricius), cotten aphid Aphisgossypii_Glover etc. by parasitic multiple aphid, the highest reaches 89.16%, in the biological control of aphid significant and application on Be very effective.Dish aphid parasite is as the important parasitic wasp of one of aphid, and its host range is narrow, often shows obvious specialization, and its host mainly contains: cabbage aphid, dish aphid parasite, black peach aphid, meadow sweet aphid, greenbug.All there is distribution in the whole world, in China, be mainly distributed in field of vegetables, wheatland, vega.
Radish aphid Lipaphiserysimi (Kaltenbach) belongs to Homoptera Aphidiadae, whole nation distribution, have another name called vegetable aphid, turnip aphid, can cause harm the rare vegetables of Cruciferae famous-particular-excellent such as Chinese cabbage, cabbage heart, cherry radish, cabbage mustard, broccoli, purple tsai-tai, brussels sprouts, kale, a kind of sedge dish, normal mixing with black peach aphid occurs.
According to our investigation, the occurrence and harm of the vernal crop diversity aphid of flue-cured tobacco previous crops is comparatively serious, but still belongs to blank for the biological control of late autumn, crop sown in spring aphid at present.Over nearly 3 years; our seminar conducts a preliminary study and field plot trial and demonstration; by the numerous honeybee of conservation booth; release aphid cocoon honeybee control vernal crop diversity aphid; thus control aphis population radix, reduce costs, protect and surely grow cocoon honeybee, obtain the firsthand information of science and interim effect.Lifting biological control and field adaptability technical merit are the keys of Biological control of aphid.The biological control technology of aphid parasite mainly comprises the seed selection of aphid host plant and plantation, the amount reproduction of host aphid and aphid cocoon honeybee amount reproduction 3 production links, and 3 links complement each other, associated with each other.The obstacle in three is there is at present: the host plant 1, lacking proper scaleization breeding radish aphid in the process of carrying out dish aphid parasite control dish aphid parasite; 2, the technological process of radish aphid biological control is lacked, 3, lack perfect dish aphid parasite merchandized handling technology.The present invention, by lot of experiments, finds a kind of method improving dish aphid parasite reproductive efficiency, carries out indoor alternating temperature breed radish aphid, can meet the needs of indoor scale, efficient breeding radish aphid, and then improve dish aphid parasite reproductive efficiency.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to propose a kind of method improving dish aphid parasite reproductive efficiency, indoor are carried out to radish aphid and breeds, the needs of indoor scale, efficient breeding radish aphid can be met, and then improve dish aphid parasite reproductive efficiency.
Technical scheme taked to achieve the object of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of method improving dish aphid parasite reproductive efficiency, it is characterized in that: the method includes the steps of: (one) host plant is selected, (2) radish aphid inoculation, (three) radish aphid breeds, (four) inoculation dish aphid parasite;
Preferably, described host plant is selected to comprise the following steps: select leaf age to be that the rape of 5-6 leaf is as radish aphid host;
Preferably, described radish aphid inoculation comprises the following steps: be that the rape of 5-6 leaf moves to and connects zooecium, inoculation radish aphid aptery one-tenth aphid by leaf age, every strain rape inoculation 25-65 aptery one-tenth aphid, connect worm indoor temperature and remain on 22 DEG C, relative moisture 70%, illumination is sufficient;
Preferably, described radish aphid breeds and adopts alternating temperature to breed, comprise the following steps: postvaccinal rape is moved into greenhouse, when the morning 6, the temperature in greenhouse is adjusted to 18.5 DEG C, then the rising per hour of the temperature in greenhouse 2 DEG C, to afternoon 12 time, temperature in greenhouse reaches 30.5 DEG C, keeps warm indoor temperature 30.5 DEG C 2 hours, then cooling per hour 1.5 DEG C, to evening 22 time, temperature indoor temperature be 18.5 DEG C, then keep 18.5 DEG C to next day 6 time, the humidity in greenhouse remains on 68-75%, illumination condition is 13 h light, 11 h dark; Alternating temperature breeds lasting 2-3 days, the egg development of radish aphid be 3 age nymph;
Preferably, on the 3 age nymphs becoming honeybee to be inoculated into dish aphid parasite to breed, when being become stiff aphid by the radish aphid of parasitism, stiff aphid being chosen, puts into dactylethrae for subsequent use;
Preferably, described alternating temperature breeds lasting 4-5 days, and the egg development of radish aphid is adult;
Preferably, the kind of described rape is No. 3, caul-fat or No. 6, caul-fat;
The radish aphid of the present invention's breeding 3 age nymph as the purposes of dish aphid parasite host;
The present invention's breeding the adult of radish aphid for breeding the purposes of radish aphid of future generation.
Tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
1, the present invention adopts the mode of alternating temperature to breed radish aphid, and the individuality of radish aphid 3 nymph in age, adult is greater than in prior art respectively with the nymph in the length of time, adult.
2, the present invention adopts the mode of alternating temperature to breed radish aphid, and the survival rate of radish aphid adult improves, and radish aphid is from egg development to the time shorten of adult.
3, the present invention adopts the mode of alternating temperature to breed radish aphid, the radish aphid female adult pest life-span of breeding generation is longer than the radish aphid female adult pest that usual manner is bred, alternating temperature is bred the radish aphid adult obtained and breed radish aphid of future generation, the radish aphid female adult pest that the egg laying amount of female worm is bred higher than usual manner.
4, invention increases the parasitic rate of dish aphid parasite to radish aphid.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment to further instruction of the present invention, the percentage in embodiment is weight ratio, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Embodiment 1
1, material:
1.1 for examination worm source: testing radish aphid used is the radish aphid adult that Yuxi Ma Qiao scientific base, Yunnan Province collects;
1.2 for examination host plant: No. 6, caul-fat;
2, test method: (test in triplicate)
(1) leaf age is selected to be that caul-fat No. 6 rapes of 6 leaves are as radish aphid host;
(2) be that caul-fat No. 6 rapes of 6 leaves move to and connect zooecium, inoculation radish aphid aptery one-tenths aphid by 400 basin leaf ages, every strain rape inoculates 50 aptery one-tenth aphids, connects worm indoor temperature and remains on 22 DEG C, relative moisture 70%, illumination abundance;
(3) radish aphid breeds and adopts alternating temperature to breed, comprise the following steps: the 100 basin rapes completing inoculation in selecting step (2) move into greenhouse, when the morning 6, the temperature in greenhouse is adjusted to 18.5 DEG C, then the rising per hour of the temperature in greenhouse 2 DEG C, to afternoon 12 time, temperature in greenhouse reaches 30.5 DEG C, keep warm indoor temperature 30.5 DEG C 2 hours, then cooling per hour 1.5 DEG C, to evening 22 time, temperature indoor temperature is 18.5 DEG C, then keep 18.5 DEG C to next day 6 time, humidity in greenhouse remains on 72%, illumination condition is 13 h light, 11 h dark, alternating temperature breeds lasting 2.8 days, the egg development of radish aphid be 3 age nymph, alternating temperature breeds lasting 4.7 days, and the egg development of radish aphid is adult.
(4) constant temperature breeds radish aphid nymph, adult:
CK1: the 100 basin rapes completing inoculation in selecting step (2) move into greenhouse, and warm indoor temperature remains on 25 DEG C, and humidity remains on 72%, and illumination condition is 13 h light, 11 h dark; Constant temperature breeds lasting 4.3 days, the egg development of radish aphid be 3 age nymph; Constant temperature breeds lasting 7.8 days, and the egg development of radish aphid is adult.
CK2: the 100 basin rapes completing inoculation in selecting step (2) move into greenhouse, and warm indoor temperature remains on 20 DEG C, and humidity remains on 72%, and illumination condition is 13 h light, 11 h dark; Constant temperature breeds lasting 6.3 days, the egg development of radish aphid be 3 age nymph; Constant temperature breeds lasting 9.4 days, and the egg development of radish aphid is adult.
CK3: the 100 basin rapes completing inoculation in selecting step (2) move into greenhouse, and warm indoor temperature remains on 27 DEG C, and humidity remains on 72%, and illumination condition is 13 h light, 11 h dark.Constant temperature breeds lasting 3.6 days, the egg development of radish aphid be 3 age nymph; Alternating temperature breeds lasting 6.4 days, and the egg development of radish aphid is adult.
(5) comparison of the radish aphid nymph bodily form
Each 200 of random selecting 3 nymph in the length of time, adult from the radish aphid step (3) rape, each 200 of random selecting 3 nymph in the length of time, adult from the radish aphid step (4) CK1, CK2, CK3 rape, measure with the micrometer in stereomicroscope is long to its body, body is wide, on acquisition rape, the average body of radish aphid 3 nymph in age, adult is long, average body is wide.
Note: in table 1, long, the body of the body of radish aphid 3 nymph in age, adult is wide is all the mean value of three repeated tests
Data in table 1 show: breed radish aphid by the mode of alternating temperature, the individuality of radish aphid 3 nymph in age, adult is greater than nymph, the adult in the same length of time of constant temperature culture in contrast respectively, and the Individual Size of radish aphid 3 nymph in age affects fecundity, Individual Size after its host's vegetable aphid cocoon bee eclosion, individual large radish aphid 3 nymph in age is conducive to cultivating the stronger dish aphid parasite of vitality.
(6) survival rate of radish aphid adult and development duration
From step (3), each 200 of difference random selecting radish aphid adult in CK1, CK2, CK3 in step (4).
Note: in table 2, the survival rate of radish aphid adult is all the mean value of three repeated tests
Data in table 2 show: breed radish aphid by the mode of alternating temperature, and the survival rate of radish aphid adult improves, and improves the quantity that can be used for breeding radish aphid of future generation.
Note: in table 3, egg development to 3 nymph in age of radish aphid, the time of adult are the mean value of three repeated tests
Data in table 3 show: breed radish aphid by the mode of alternating temperature, and radish aphid is shorter than the radish aphid of constant temperature cultivation from the time of egg development to 3 nymph in age, adult, and this will be conducive to the reproduction speed and the efficiency that improve radish aphid.
(7) difference breeds life-span and the egg laying amount of radish aphid adult under condition
From step (3), each 50 of difference random selecting radish aphid female adult pest in CK1, CK2, CK3 in step (4), access rape vacuum side of blade, every day observed and recorded radish aphid female adult pest under stereomicroscope egg laying amount and survival condition, until female adult pest is dead.
Note: the life-span of the female adult pest of radish aphid in table 4, female adult pest egg laying amount is all the mean value of three repeated tests
Data in table 4 show: breed radish aphid by the mode of alternating temperature, the radish aphid female adult pest life-span of breeding generation is longer than the radish aphid female adult pest that constant temperature is bred, alternating temperature is bred the radish aphid adult obtained and breed radish aphid of future generation, the radish aphid female adult pest that the egg laying amount of female worm is bred higher than constant temperature, this will be conducive to the reproduction speed and the efficiency that improve radish aphid.
(8) dish aphid parasite is inoculated:
Random selecting 3 radish aphid in age nymph 300 from step (3) rape, each 300 of random selecting 3 radish aphid in age nymph from step (4) CK1, CK2, CK3 rape, by containing above-mentioned 3 age nymph rape and other rapes isolate, and to cover with sarong; Become by dish aphid parasite honeybee to be inoculated into respectively on above-mentioned 3 age nymphs, within 10 days, check the quantity of stiff aphid on rape afterwards, determine parasitic rate.
Note: in table 5, radish aphid parasitic rate is the mean value of three repeated tests
As can be seen from the data of table 1-5, the present invention greatly improves the reproductive efficiency of radish aphid, and then shortens the time of dish aphid parasite breeding, improves the parasitic rate of dish aphid parasite to radish aphid nymph, improves dish aphid parasite reproductive efficiency.
Claims (9)
1. one kind is improved the method for dish aphid parasite reproductive efficiency, it is characterized in that: the method includes the steps of: (one) host plant is selected, (2) radish aphid inoculation, (three) radish aphid breeds, (four) inoculation dish aphid parasite.
2. a kind of method improving dish aphid parasite reproductive efficiency according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described host plant is selected to comprise the following steps: select leaf age to be that the rape of 5-6 leaf is as radish aphid host.
3. a kind of method improving dish aphid parasite reproductive efficiency according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described radish aphid inoculation comprises the following steps: be that the rape of 5-6 leaf moves to and connects zooecium by leaf age, inoculation radish aphid aptery one-tenth aphid, every strain rape inoculation 25-65 aptery one-tenth aphid, connect worm indoor temperature and remain on 22 DEG C, relative moisture 70%, illumination is sufficient.
4. a kind of method improving dish aphid parasite reproductive efficiency according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described radish aphid breeds and adopts alternating temperature to breed, comprise the following steps: postvaccinal rape is moved into greenhouse, when the morning 6, the temperature in greenhouse is adjusted to 18.5 DEG C, then the rising per hour of the temperature in greenhouse 2 DEG C, to afternoon 12 time, temperature in greenhouse reaches 30.5 DEG C, keep warm indoor temperature 30.5 DEG C 2 hours, then cooling per hour 1.5 DEG C, to evening 22 time, temperature indoor temperature is 18.5 DEG C, then keep 18.5 DEG C to next day 6 time, humidity in greenhouse remains on 68-75%, illumination condition is 13 h light, 11 h dark, alternating temperature breeds lasting 2-3 days, the egg development of radish aphid be 3 age nymph.
5. a kind of method improving dish aphid parasite reproductive efficiency according to claim 4, is characterized in that: on the 3 age nymphs becoming honeybee to be inoculated into dish aphid parasite to breed, when being become stiff aphid by the radish aphid of parasitism, being chosen by stiff aphid, putting into dactylethrae for subsequent use.
6. a kind of method improving dish aphid parasite reproductive efficiency according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described alternating temperature breeds lasting 4-5 days, and the egg development of radish aphid is adult.
7. a kind of method improving dish aphid parasite reproductive efficiency according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the kind of described rape is No. 3, caul-fat or No. 6, caul-fat.
8. radish aphid according to claim 43 age nymph as the purposes of dish aphid parasite host.
9. the adult of radish aphid according to claim 6 is for breeding the purposes of radish aphid of future generation.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105900931A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2016-08-31 | 云南省烟草公司玉溪市公司 | method for breeding Lipaphis erysimi on large scale |
| CN105900932A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2016-08-31 | 云南省烟草公司玉溪市公司 | Method for efficiently breeding Lipaphis erysimi |
| CN105941338A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2016-09-21 | 云南省烟草公司玉溪市公司 | Diaeretiella rapae large scale breeding method |
| CN105994172A (en) * | 2016-06-02 | 2016-10-12 | 河南省农业科学院烟草研究所 | Method for conducting aphid conservation in winter by means of winter turnips |
| CN106172248A (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2016-12-07 | 中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所 | A kind of expanding propagation method of Japan food a red-spotted lizard aphid chalcid fly |
| CN106234312A (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2016-12-21 | 云南省烟草公司昆明市公司 | A kind of save space, low cost, a confession kind method for the aphidius gifuensis of economical and efficient |
| CN110800699A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-02-18 | 湖南省水稻研究所 | Method for prolonging service life of trichogramma of rice borer |
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| CN106234312B (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2019-02-26 | 云南省烟草公司昆明市公司 | A kind of save space, low cost, the aphidius gifuensis of economical and efficient for kind of a method |
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