CN1052045C - 用于吸收和容纳汞或其他的身体渗出液的一次性衣物 - Google Patents

用于吸收和容纳汞或其他的身体渗出液的一次性衣物 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN1052045C
CN1052045C CN94192166A CN94192166A CN1052045C CN 1052045 C CN1052045 C CN 1052045C CN 94192166 A CN94192166 A CN 94192166A CN 94192166 A CN94192166 A CN 94192166A CN 1052045 C CN1052045 C CN 1052045C
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
nonwoven layer
layer compound
disposable clothing
layer
unit weight
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
CN94192166A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN1124047A (zh
Inventor
J·R·布特
C·C·克里根
C·A·邓克利
R·S·C·杨
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kimberly Clark Worldwide Inc
Original Assignee
Kimberly Clark Worldwide Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=26745347&utm_source=***_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=CN1052045(C) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Priority claimed from US08/205,684 external-priority patent/US5492751A/en
Application filed by Kimberly Clark Worldwide Inc filed Critical Kimberly Clark Worldwide Inc
Publication of CN1124047A publication Critical patent/CN1124047A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN1052045C publication Critical patent/CN1052045C/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/51—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers
    • A61F13/514—Backsheet, i.e. the impermeable cover or layer furthest from the skin
    • A61F13/51401—Backsheet, i.e. the impermeable cover or layer furthest from the skin characterised by the material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/51—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers
    • A61F13/514—Backsheet, i.e. the impermeable cover or layer furthest from the skin
    • A61F13/51456—Backsheet, i.e. the impermeable cover or layer furthest from the skin characterised by its properties
    • A61F13/51458—Backsheet, i.e. the impermeable cover or layer furthest from the skin characterised by its properties being air-pervious or breathable
    • A61F13/51462—Backsheet, i.e. the impermeable cover or layer furthest from the skin characterised by its properties being air-pervious or breathable being defined by a value or parameter
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/51—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers
    • A61F13/514—Backsheet, i.e. the impermeable cover or layer furthest from the skin
    • A61F13/51474—Backsheet, i.e. the impermeable cover or layer furthest from the skin characterised by its structure
    • A61F13/51478—Backsheet, i.e. the impermeable cover or layer furthest from the skin characterised by its structure being a laminate, e.g. multi-layered or with several layers
    • A61F13/5148—Backsheet, i.e. the impermeable cover or layer furthest from the skin characterised by its structure being a laminate, e.g. multi-layered or with several layers having an impervious inner layer and a cloth-like outer layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/542—Adhesive fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/559—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving the fibres being within layered webs
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H5/00—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H5/02—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length strengthened or consolidated by mechanical methods, e.g. needling
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H5/00—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H5/04—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length strengthened or consolidated by applying or incorporating chemical or thermo-activatable bonding agents in solid or liquid form
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H5/00—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H5/08—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres or yarns
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
    • A61F2013/530007—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made from pulp
    • A61F2013/530014—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium being made from pulp being made in hard wood pulp
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
    • A61F13/539—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium characterised by the connection of the absorbent layers with each other or with the outer layers
    • A61F2013/53966—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium characterised by the connection of the absorbent layers with each other or with the outer layers by needling, sewing, blow-needling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0253—Polyolefin fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2305/10—Fibres of continuous length
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2555/00—Personal care
    • B32B2555/02—Diapers or napkins

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Dermatology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)

Abstract

披露一种用于吸收和容纳尿或其他的身体渗出液的一次性衣物，该衣物包括液体渗透的身体侧边的衬垫、吸收材料之间置有液体不渗透的支撑片，且具有用于增加容积的挡板，其改进在于其中的增加容积的装置包括无纺布层合物，其中所说层合物的压杯峰值载荷值不超过150g，压杯能量值不超过2250g－mm，以及弗雷泽孔隙度至少为50scfm。

Description

用于吸收和容纳尿或其他的身体渗出液的一次性衣物
本发明涉及一种用于吸收和容纳尿或其他的身体渗出液的一次性衣物。
发明的背景
无纺布层合物具有广泛的用途。这种无纺布层合物能用于揩布、毛巾、工业服、医用服、医用布帘等等。单位重量较重的层合物被用来做象帐蓬和汽车罩盖等休闲用途。而一次性无纺布层合物则在医院手术室里被用作布帘、手术衣、毛巾类、袜套、消毒用包布等方面获得尤其广泛的应用。这种外科无纺布层合物通常为纺粘/熔喷/纺粘(SMS)层合物，由纺粘聚烯烃无纺布外层和熔喷聚烯烃中间阻隔层构成。特别要指出的是，本发明的受让人，Kimberly-Clark公司，多年来制造和出售了SMS无纺外科用层合物，消毒用包布及休闲用无纺布，商品名称Spunguard和Evolution，这种SMS无纺布层合物外面有坚固的纺粘层，内部是多孔熔喷阻隔层，与纺粘层结合则表现出防止流体透过或细菌从无纺布层合物的外面透入其内部的能力。为使这种医用无纺布具有适当的功能，熔喷阻隔层必须具有适当的纤维尺寸和孔隙率以便保证该无纺布的透气性，而同时又能阻止流体透过。
个人护理吸收性制品，例如一次性尿布、(婴儿)训练衬裤、防失禁用品和妇女卫生用品和用无纺布来做许多功能材料，象内衬、转移层、吸收性介质、衬底等等。对于上述的许多用途而言，无纺布的阻隔性能起着重要的作用，例如授予Enloe的共同指定的U.S.专利4,704,116(1987年11月3日)所描述的保持片，该文全文收做本发明的参考文献。对于象保持片之类的个人护理制品而言，还希望所用无纺布是柔软的和舒适的，而且无纺布的孔隙度能提供一定程度的透气性以便进一步改善舒适性。由于成本总是要考虑的因素之一，所以在提供上述特性的同时，尽量低的成本便成为另一重要考虑。
尽管已有了兼具符合要求性能的某种综合的无纺布层合物，但是由于在一个或多个重要性能方面尚缺乏或未尽人意，故这些层合物尚未广泛应用于象前面提到的保持片那样的实际用途。
本发明的目的在于提供一种用于吸收和容纳尿或其他的身体渗出液的一次性衣物。
至于本发明的其他目的及优点，在读过下面的详细说明并参考附图之后将变得一目了然。
概述
上述一次性衣物包括液体渗透的身体侧边的衬垫、吸收材料之间置有液体不渗透的支撑片，且具有用于增加容积的挡板，其改进在于其中的增加容积的装置包括无纺布层合物，该布层合物包含：
a)一个无纺成分层，包含平均直径最大为约10μ，单位重量至少约1.5gsm(克/米2)的细纤维，以及
b)一个无纺成分层，包含平均直径介于约12μ～约22μ，和总重量的所有的连续长丝，
其中所说各层之间面对面地相互断续地被粘合成一体，总单位重量不超过大约55gsm而且细纤维层对层合物的重量百分率至少为20％，以及
其中所说层合物的压杯峰值载荷值不超过150g，压杯能量值不超过2250g-mm，以及弗雷泽孔隙度至少为50scfm。
详细地进，本发明涉及包括至少一个细纤维成分层和至少一个连续长丝层的改进的轻质无纺布层合物。该细纤维层包括平均直径至多约为10μ且单位重量在约3gsm(克/米2)～约26gsm(克/米2)之间的纤维。该连续长丝纤网所含量长丝的平均直径在约12μ～约22μ之间，单位重量介于约10gsm～约30gsm。各层被断续地粘合构成总单位重量不超过约55gsm，且细纤维与连续长丝的比例至少为20％。制成的层合物具有改进的包括柔软和舒适性(按压杯峰值载荷试验值不超过150gsm，压杯试验能量值不超过2250g-mm衡量)阻隔性(测得的静水压头至少为15cm)以及透气性(按Frazier孔隙度至少为50scfm(标英尺/分))在内的综合性能。较好的实施例包括相应层分别含有纺粘连续长丝纤网和熔喷细纤维纤网。
附图说明
图1是一台成形机的示意图，用于制造包含本发明熔喷阻隔层的无纺布层合物；
图2是本发明无纺布层合物的断面图，表示出包括按本发明制造的细纤维阻隔中间层的层状构造；
图3是两层构造的本发明无纺布层合物的另一实施例的断面图，以及
图4是本发明无纺布层合物的第三个实施例的断面图，其外部是细纤维层。
本发明的详细说明
虽然本发明将结合一种较好的实施例予以说明，但应理解，本发明并不局限于该实施例。相反，我们意在涵盖由后附的权利要求所定义的本发明精神和范围可能包括的所有选择、修正以及等同的方案。
本发明主要是关于改进的轻质无纺布层合物，它包括至少一个细纤维成分层和至少一个连续长丝层。该细纤维层包含平均直径至多约10微米(μ)且单位重量介于约3gsm～约26gsm之间的纤维。该连续长丝纤网具有平均直径在约12μ～22μ之间且单位重量在约10gsm～约30gsm之间的长丝。这些层被断续粘合，总单位重量不超过55gsm，而且细纤维的含量为层合物重量的至少20％。制成的层合物具有包括柔软和舒适性(按压杯试验值不大于150gsm)、阻隔性(按静水压头测定至少15cm)和透气性(按Frazier孔隙度测定至少50scfm)在内的改进的综合性能。较好的实施例包括各相应层分别含有的纺粘连续长丝纤维网和熔喷细纤维纤网。
上述目的较好按如下方法实现：按U.S.专利号5,213,881(1993年5月25日，同时该全文也收做本发明的参考文献)采用熔喷成形纤网，原料为聚丙烯树脂，具有宽分子量分布和高熔体流体速率，在加工前该树脂中还加入了少量过氧化物予以改性以获得更高的熔体流动速率(低粘度)。一般地，本发明涉及以反应器粒料形式的丙烯聚合物为起始料，该物料的分子量分布为3.6～4.8(Mw/Mn)，较好为3.6～4.0(Mw/Mn)，且其熔体流动速率(230℃下)约为400g/10min～3000g/10min。随后把具有这种分子量的反应器粒料，通过加入至多3000ppm的过氧化物改性，以降低分子量并把分子量分布压缩到2.2～3.5(Mw/Mn)范围之内。在熔喷过程中，该改性反应器粒状聚合物的熔体流动速率获得提高，从400g/10min增至3000(230℃下)，例如达到介于800～最高5000g/10min。
尤其好的实施例包括一种反应器粒料形式的聚丙烯树脂，其起始分子量分布为3.6～4.8(Mw/Mn)，230℃下的熔体流动速率为600～3000g/10min，将其与少量(＜500ppm)的过氧化物相结合后产生一种改进聚丙烯，其在230℃下熔体流动速率非常高，最高可达5000g/10min，且分子量分布较窄，为2.8～3.5(Mw/Mn)。
另一种方案，可以制成用作阻隔层的改良细纤维纤网，具体方法是，采用一种树脂，特别是聚丙烯，它具有较窄的分子量分布和较低的熔体流动速率，这种树脂通过在熔喷之前加入较大量的过氧化物而获得高熔体流动速率。在这种情况下，起始反应器粒料聚丙烯树脂的分子量分布Mw/Mn，介于4.0～4.8，熔体流动速率介于400～1000g/10min，230℃。这种聚丙烯树脂通过加入500～3000(ppm)数量的过氧化物进入改性(初始熔体流动速率愈低，过氧化物用量愈高)。该改性聚丙烯树脂的熔体流动速率(230℃下)例如最高达约3000g/10min，分子量分布(Mw/Mn)窄至2.2～2.8。
最好的是，用作本发明轻质无纺布层合物细纤维纤网的起始聚丙烯树脂为一种聚丙烯反应器粒料，该树脂的分子量分布(Mw/Mn)介于3.6～4.8，其230℃下熔体流动速率最高3000g/10min，然后通过用约500ppm过氧化物处理生成改性树脂，其230℃下熔体流动速率大于2000g/10min，且分子量分布(Mw/Mn)介于2.8～3.5。在高熔体流动速率下，这种较宽的分子量分布有助于最大限度减少飞花和聚合物液滴(短绒)的生成。
下面来看图1，其中示意性地表示出一台能用来生产改良无纺布层合物12的成形机10，层合物12具有按照本发明的细纤维熔喷阻隔层32。特别应注意，该成形机10由一条无端、小孔成形带14构成，带14绕过辊子16和18，于是带14便被沿箭头所示方向驱动。成形机10包括有3个站，即纺粘站20、熔喷站22和纺粘站24。应该理解到，可以使用3个以上的成形站来制造基本重量更高的多层构造。另一种办法，也可以将层合物中的每一层单独成形做成卷，随后在生产线之外将各层转化为层合物。另外，根据无纺布层合物12的最终用途要求之不同，无纺布层合物12也可以由多于或少于3层组成。譬如，对某些用途而言，可能希望有至少2个内部熔喷层以便改善性能，而对于要求极端轻薄的场合则可制成2-层层合物。
纺粘站20和24为传统的挤出机，其纺丝板产出聚合物连续长丝，随后将这些长丝以随机交缠的方式铺在成形带14上。根据过程的速度和使用的具体聚合物种类的不同，纺粘站20和24可以包括至多个喷丝头不等。纺粘材料的成形为本门技术的常规，而纺粘成形站的设计也被认为纯属一般本专业技术人员所熟知的。无纺布纺粘纤网28和36的传统制备方法可以见诸于下列的专利：Dorschner等人，U.S.专利号3,692,618；Kinney，U.S.专利号3,338,992和3,341,394；Levy，U.S.专利号3,502,538；Hartmann，U.S.专利号3,502,763和3,909,009；Dobo等，U.S.专利号3,542,615；Harmon，加拿大专利号803,714；以及Appel等，U.S.专利号4,340,563。还设想了其他一些用于本发明的包含聚合物连续长丝的无纺纤网成形方法。
用连续长丝制备的纺粘材料一般至少有3个共同特征。第一，聚合物被连续地经喷丝板挤出形成彼此分立的单丝。随后，将这些长丝借机械或气力进行拉伸不使其断裂，以便让聚合物丝条发生分子取向从而获得强度。最后，让连续长丝以无规的方式沉积在运载带上而生成纤网。具体地说，纺粘站20将成纤聚合物制成纺粘长丝26。将该长丝无规地铺在带14上面而形成纺粘外层28。有关成纤聚合物将在下面详细说明。
熔喷站22由用以制成微纤维30的模板31构成。模板31的产出量用每小时每英寸模板宽度聚合物熔体磅数来规定(PIH)。随着热塑性聚合物从模板31流出，高压流体，通常为空气，把聚合物流股拉细并吹散开来而形成微纤维30。该微纤维30被随机地沉积在纺粘层28的上面而形成熔喷层32。用来生成微纤维30和熔喷层32的熔喷站22的构造和操作被认为是传统的，故其设计和操作方法则完全属一般熟悉这项专业的人员所已经掌握的。该种技艺可见诸于NRL(海军研究实验室)报告4364，“超细有机纤维的制造”，作者V.A.Wendt；E.L.Boon和C.D.Fluharty；；NRL报告5265，“超细热塑性纤维成形的一种改良装置”，作者K.D.Lawrence；R.T.Lukas和S.A.Young；以及U.S.专利号3,849,241，1974年11月19日发表，属于Buntin等人。还可设想出其他能用在本发明上的微纤无纤网成形方法。
熔喷站22由成纤聚合物生产出细纤维30，下面将进一步详细说明该聚合物。纤维30随机地铺在纺粘层28的顶面上形成熔喷内层32。举例说，用于阻隔片无纺布层合物时，该熔喷阻隔层32的单位重量较好在约3gsm～约26gsm之间，更好在约6gsm～约12gsm之间。
经熔喷站22在层28上铺上内层32之后，纺粘站24生产出纺粘长丝34，该长丝沿熔喷层32的顶面无规取向地铺网，形成外部纺粘层36。以阻隔片无纺布层合物为例，层28和36各自的单位重量较好介于约10～30gsm，更好介于约15～25gsm。
随后，形成的SMS无纺布层合物纤网12(图2)被喂过粘合38和40。粘合辊38和40的表面带有诸如块状或格子的凸棱花纹。粘合辊被加热至用以制造纤网12的各层的聚合物软化温度。当看纤网12通过热粘合辊38和40之间时，该材料被粘合辊38和40与辊上的图案相吻合地压缩并加热从而形成由不连续区域构成的图案，如图2所示的41，在这些区域内层与层之间被粘合，同时每一层之内单根纤维和/或长丝也被粘合。此种不连续区或块的粘合方式为本项技术所熟知，可以通过加热辊也可以借助对纤网12实施超声波加热来生产出不连续区热粘合长丝。纤维以及层。按照Brock等人在U.S.专利号4,041,203中所描述的传统做法，较好让无纺布层合物内的熔喷层纤维在粘合部位熔化而同时纺粘层长丝则保持其完整性，以便取得良好的强度特性。对于较厚重的层合物，较好采用诸如U.S.专利号4,374,888所描述的超声波粘合方法，该专利也收做本发明的参考文献。
现在来看图3和4，其中给出了另外的选择实施例。图3是类似于图2但有2层的层合物13的断面图，这2层分别是借热粘合部39结合成一体的细纤维层32和连续长丝层36。图4是又一种3层实施例15的类似视图，它包括2层外面的细纤维层32，中间夹着连续长丝层36，层间借热粘合部37结合为一体。
按本发明，层合物的总单位重量至多达约55gsm，较好最高达约34gsm，最好至多达29gsm，而微细纤维与连续长丝的相对数量，前者较好占细纤维与连续长丝总重量的至少约20％，更好至少约25％。
根据本发明，采用了按照U.S.专利5,213,881(Timmons、Kobylivker及Woo等人，1993年5月25日发表，该文也收做本发明的参考文献)制成的一种熔喷纤网的较好实施例作为一个或多个细纤维成分层。
以该种细纤维制成的熔喷纤网32以及由其形成的小孔径分布，当被结合到无纺层合物中时，具备优异的阻隔性能。特别是，层合前的熔喷纤网32的平均纤维尺寸在1～3μ之间，多数的孔隙尺寸分布在7～12μ，较少一部分孔在12～25μ之间，且实际上没有超过25μ的孔，孔隙尺寸分布的峰(值)小于10μ。
本发明可以采用聚烯烃实施，包括以聚丙烯类为主但其中还可含有聚乙烯或其他用齐格勒-纳塔催化剂技术聚合的α-烯烃，以及上述的二元、三元共聚物及其共混物。作为连续长丝纤网，较好采用聚丙烯。
实施例
大体上按照U.S.专利4,041,203提出的方法制取了一种轻质无纺层合物。该专利属于Brock和Meitner，1977年8月9日发表，并全文收做本发明的参考文献。采用的是如图1所示的连续生产线工艺，其中第一纺粘层先铺在成形金属丝网上，随后铺上熔喷层，最后铺最终纺粘层。规定的无纺布总单位重量指标介于25～34gsm之间，而熔喷层占该总单位重量中的6～12gsm。就此例而言，熔喷纤网两面的纺粘层量是相等的，但就本发明而言，这一点并非关键。
继而，利用如同前述的U.S.专利4,041,203描述的热机械粘合机将这种三层层合物材料粘合。作为一个较好的实例，采用了一种粘合面积百分率介于5～20％，目标值13％，针密度50～350针/平方英寸，目标值300针/平方英寸的花纹粘合辊。***的温度介于200°F～300°F，目标值250°F。设定适当的粘合压力以便沿该装置的幅宽保持均匀的钳口。
按上述的工艺，制成了一连续SMS无纺布，其总重量为29gsm，其中熔喷层占25％。纺粘聚合物为Exxon PD3445聚丙烯，而熔喷聚合物是Exxon 3495G聚丙烯，二者均可从Exxon化学公司获得。该无纺布随后用“金属丝织造”花纹辊进行粘合，其粘合面积占13％，针密度300针/平方英寸，而操作温度为250°F。
表1给出了由该实例无纺层合材料测得的综合性能。基本重量系根据ASTM标准试验D3775-9测定的。静水压头系按照方法5514联邦试验方法标准号(STD)191A，还有AATCC STD 127-1980。Frazier空气孔隙度系根据ASTM D737，还有联邦试验方法5450标准号191A测定的。压杯试验的结果是这样确定的：用一只直径为4.5cm的半球形的锤来压扁一只由9英寸×9英寸的一块无纺布制成的直径大约6.5cm高6.5cm的倒置杯，测量此过程中的峰值载荷，测量时杯形无纺布被一只直径大约6.5cm的圆筒包围着以保证杯形无纺布均匀地变形。锤与杯是对中的，以避免杯壁与锤之间发生接触以及因而可能引起的对峰值载荷值的影响。测定该峰值过程中，锤以大约每秒0.25英寸(每分15英寸)的速度下降，同时利用一只能提供能量值的型号为FTD-G-500的载荷传感器(量程500g)(提供者：Schaevitz公司，Tennsauben，New Jersey)。
                  表1细纤维层组成                            聚丙烯平均纤维直径(μ)                3单位重量(gsm)                   7.2连续长丝层组成                            聚丙烯平均长丝直径(μ)                21单位重量(gsm)                   10.8层合物单位重量(gsm)                   28.82Frazier孔隙度(SCFM)             75静水压头(cm H2O)               45压杯峰值载荷(g)                 70压杯能量(g-mm)                  1500
当作为阻隔片部件被结合到一种个人护理制品中去时，该实例的层合物显示出十分理想的功能和明显感觉出的舒适。
这样，按照本发明，本文描述了一种改进的轻质无纺布层合物。熟悉此门技术的人很清楚尚有各种变换和改进，所有这些均被涵盖于后附的权利要求之中。

Claims (19)

1.一种用于吸收和容纳尿或其他的身体渗出液的一次性衣物，该衣物包括液体渗透的身体侧边的衬垫、吸收材料之间置有液体不渗透的支撑片，且具有用于增加容积的挡板，其改进在于其中的增加容积的装置包括无纺布层合物，该布层合物包含：
a)一个无纺成分层，包含平均直径最大为约10μ，单位重量至少约1.5gsm(克/米2)的细纤维，以及
b)一个无纺成分层，包含平均直径介于约12μ～约22μ，和总重量的所有的连续长丝，
其中所说各层之间面对面地相互断续地被粘合成一体，总单位重量不超过大约55gsm而且细纤维层对层合物的重量百分率至少为20％，以及
其中所说层合物的压杯峰值载荷值不超过150g，压杯能量值不超过2250g-mm，以及弗雷泽孔隙度至少为50scfm。
2.权利要求1的一次性的衣物，其中无纺布层合物中的连续长丝成分层包含一种丙烯聚合物。
3.权利要求2的一次性的衣物，其中无纺布层合物的细纤维成分层包含一种丙烯聚合物，其分子量分布(Mw/Mn)介于3.6～4.8之间，且230℃下的熔体流动速率最高约为3000g/10min。
4.权利要求1的一次性的衣物，其中无纺布层合物，在一个细纤维层的两面各包含一个连续长丝层，而且，总单位重量最大约为34gsm。
5.权利要求2的一次性的衣物，其中无纺布层合物的细纤维层的两面各包括一个连续长丝层，而且，总单位重量最大约为34gsm。
6.权利要求3的一次性的衣物，其中无纺布层合物的中细纤维与连续长丝的比例至少为25％。
7.权利要求1的一次性的衣物，它是作为尿布，其中无纺布层合物包含容纳挡板。
8.权利要求4的一次性的衣物，它是作为尿布，其中所说的无纺布层合物包含一个容纳挡板。
9.权利要求6的一次性衣物，它是作为尿布，其中所说无纺布层合物包含一个容纳挡板。
10.权利要求1的一次性的衣物，其中所说无纺布层合物有一个至少为15cm的静水压头。
11.权利要求3的一次性的衣物，其中所说无纺布层合物有一个至少为15cm的静水压头。
12.权利要求4的一次性的衣物，其中所说无纺布层合物有一个至少为15cm的静水压头。
13.权利要求1的一次性的衣物，其中所说无纺布层合物的总单位重量最大约为34gsm。
14.权利要求1的一次性的衣物，其中所说无纺布层合物的总单位重量最大约为20gsm。
15.权利要求4的一次性的衣物，其中所说无纺布层合物的总单位重量最大约为20gsm。
16.权利要求5的一次性的衣物，其中所说无纺布层合物的总单位重量最大约为20gsm。
17.权利要求7的一次性的衣物，其中所说无纺布层合物的总单位重量最大约为20gsm。
18.权利要求8的一次性的衣物，其中所说无纺布层合物的总单位重量最大约为20gsm。
19.权利要求9的一次性的衣物，其中所说无纺布层合物的总单位重量最大约为20gsm。
CN94192166A 1993-05-20 1994-05-17 用于吸收和容纳汞或其他的身体渗出液的一次性衣物 Expired - Lifetime CN1052045C (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US6521093A 1993-05-20 1993-05-20
US08/065,210 1993-05-20
US08/205,684 1994-03-02
US08/205,684 US5492751A (en) 1993-05-20 1994-03-02 Disposable garment with improved containments means

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN1124047A CN1124047A (zh) 1996-06-05
CN1052045C true CN1052045C (zh) 2000-05-03

Family

ID=26745347

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN94192166A Expired - Lifetime CN1052045C (zh) 1993-05-20 1994-05-17 用于吸收和容纳汞或其他的身体渗出液的一次性衣物

Country Status (9)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0700465B1 (zh)
JP (1) JPH08510798A (zh)
CN (1) CN1052045C (zh)
AU (1) AU682191B2 (zh)
CA (1) CA2160883C (zh)
DE (1) DE69417740T2 (zh)
ES (1) ES2129641T3 (zh)
FR (1) FR2705371B1 (zh)
WO (1) WO1994028224A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5482765A (en) * 1994-04-05 1996-01-09 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Nonwoven fabric laminate with enhanced barrier properties
US5652051A (en) * 1995-02-27 1997-07-29 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Nonwoven fabric from polymers containing particular types of copolymers and having an aesthetically pleasing hand
AU698657B2 (en) † 1995-08-28 1998-11-05 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Thermoplastic fibrous nonwoven webs for use as core wraps in absorbent articles
US6114596A (en) * 1995-11-03 2000-09-05 Polybond, Inc. Breathable disposable sanitary product construction and barrier sheet
US5952252A (en) * 1996-02-20 1999-09-14 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Fully elastic nonwoven fabric laminate
US6103647A (en) * 1996-03-14 2000-08-15 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Nonwoven fabric laminate with good conformability
DE69724110T2 (de) 1997-06-25 2004-06-17 The Procter & Gamble Company, Cincinnati Absorbierender Wegwerfartikel mit geringem Feuchtigkeitsgehalt
US6096668A (en) * 1997-09-15 2000-08-01 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Elastic film laminates
AU1657200A (en) * 1999-12-03 2001-06-12 Corovin Gmbh Intermediate absorbent structure with integrated breathable barrier
FR2803604B1 (fr) * 2000-01-11 2002-03-08 Icbt Perfojet Sa Procede pour la realisation d'un materiau non tisse complexe et nouveau type de materiau ainsi obtenu
RU2401892C2 (ru) * 2004-12-17 2010-10-20 Олбэни Интернэшнл Корп. Образование рисунка на изделии спанбонд-мелтблаун-спанбонд (смс)
US8129298B2 (en) 2006-05-31 2012-03-06 Mitsui Chemicals, Inc. Nonwoven laminates and process for producing the same
CN101432478B (zh) 2006-05-31 2012-01-04 三井化学株式会社 无纺布层叠体及其制造方法
BR112013006426A2 (pt) * 2010-09-20 2016-07-26 Federal Mogul Powertrain Inc painel copmposto tendo camdas ligadas de fibra-resinosa não-tecida e biodegradável e método de sua construção
US9498939B2 (en) 2012-08-15 2016-11-22 Rockline Industries, Inc. Meltblown-spunbonded-meltblown laminated fabric
KR101417396B1 (ko) 2012-11-08 2014-07-10 현대자동차주식회사 결집력과 탄성이 향상된 멜트블로운 섬유웹 및 이의 제조방법 및 장치
CN109072512A (zh) * 2016-04-04 2018-12-21 金伯利-克拉克环球有限公司 具有低毛绒以及高流体吸收性和释放特性的清洁产品

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2126161A (en) * 1982-02-25 1984-03-21 Comserv The roberts system for the manufacture fiberglass cultured marble & onyx products
EP0370835A2 (en) * 1988-11-18 1990-05-30 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Nonwoven continuously-bonded trilaminate
EP0462474A2 (de) * 1990-06-21 1991-12-27 Bayer Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung von Formkörpern oder Folien

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1453447A (en) * 1972-09-06 1976-10-20 Kimberly Clark Co Nonwoven thermoplastic fabric
US4436780A (en) * 1982-09-02 1984-03-13 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Nonwoven wiper laminate
US4766029A (en) * 1987-01-23 1988-08-23 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Semi-permeable nonwoven laminate
US5366786A (en) * 1992-05-15 1994-11-22 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Garment of durable nonwoven fabric

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2126161A (en) * 1982-02-25 1984-03-21 Comserv The roberts system for the manufacture fiberglass cultured marble & onyx products
EP0370835A2 (en) * 1988-11-18 1990-05-30 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Nonwoven continuously-bonded trilaminate
EP0462474A2 (de) * 1990-06-21 1991-12-27 Bayer Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung von Formkörpern oder Folien

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU6914394A (en) 1994-12-20
CN1124047A (zh) 1996-06-05
EP0700465A1 (en) 1996-03-13
FR2705371B1 (fr) 1996-08-02
JPH08510798A (ja) 1996-11-12
DE69417740T2 (de) 1999-10-07
FR2705371A1 (fr) 1994-11-25
ES2129641T3 (es) 1999-06-16
EP0700465B1 (en) 1999-04-07
CA2160883A1 (en) 1994-12-08
CA2160883C (en) 2009-12-08
DE69417740D1 (de) 1999-05-12
WO1994028224A1 (en) 1994-12-08
AU682191B2 (en) 1997-09-25

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN1052045C (zh) 用于吸收和容纳汞或其他的身体渗出液的一次性衣物
EP0663967B1 (en) Composite nonwoven fabrics and method of making same
KR100322361B1 (ko) 쾌적성및차단특성이개선된경량부직웹적층물
EP0644962B1 (en) Composite nonwoven fabric and method of making same
AU687980B2 (en) Polyethylene meltblown fabric with barrier properties
EP0755325B1 (en) Nonwoven fabric laminate with enhanced barrier properties
AU687967B2 (en) Breathable, cloth-like film/nonwoven composite
US5271883A (en) Method of making nonwoven web with improved barrier properties
KR100236629B1 (ko) 폴리올레핀 및 에틸렌 알킬 아크릴레이트 공중합체의 블렌드를 함유하는 다성분 중합체 스트랜드로부터 제조된 부직포
KR100309231B1 (ko) 부텐 중합체를 포함하는 다성분 중합체 스트랜드및그로제조한부직포및제품
US5688157A (en) Nonwoven fabric laminate with enhanced barrier properties
JPH07119014A (ja) バリア特性を改良した不織ウェブ
CN1711382A (zh) 强度高度均一的非织造层合材料及其制备方法
WO1999006207A1 (en) Soft nonwoven fabric made by melt extrusion
AU735212B1 (en) Barrier nonwoven web laminates
AU733916B1 (en) Barrier nonwoven web laminates
US20050124949A1 (en) Unitized cover and transfer layer and process for making the same

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
C53 Correction of patent for invention or patent application
COR Change of bibliographic data

Free format text: CORRECT: APPLICANT; FROM: KIMBERLY-CLARK CORPORATION TO: KIMBERLY-CLARK WORLDWIDE INC.

CP01 Change in the name or title of a patent holder

Address after: Wisconsin

Applicant after: Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc.

Address before: Wisconsin

Applicant before: Kimberly-clark Corp.

C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant
C17 Cessation of patent right
CX01 Expiry of patent term

Expiration termination date: 20140517

Granted publication date: 20000503