CN105196006A - Aluminum alloy processing technology - Google Patents
Aluminum alloy processing technology Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105196006A CN105196006A CN201510717947.9A CN201510717947A CN105196006A CN 105196006 A CN105196006 A CN 105196006A CN 201510717947 A CN201510717947 A CN 201510717947A CN 105196006 A CN105196006 A CN 105196006A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- welding
- laser
- aluminum alloy
- arc
- aluminium alloy
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/346—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in combination with welding or cutting covered by groups B23K5/00 - B23K25/00, e.g. in combination with resistance welding
- B23K26/348—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in combination with welding or cutting covered by groups B23K5/00 - B23K25/00, e.g. in combination with resistance welding in combination with arc heating, e.g. TIG [tungsten inert gas], MIG [metal inert gas] or plasma welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
- B23K2103/10—Aluminium or alloys thereof
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an aluminum alloy processing technology. The aluminum alloy processing technology is characterized in that after aluminum alloy is subjected to uncoiling, thermal treatment and anodic oxidation, a hybrid welding technology of laser welding and arc welding is adopted for treating a welding line, and then the aluminum alloy is formed through further machining, including: the uncoiling, punch forming, oil cleaning, ultrasonic degreasing treatment, rising by clean water, the anodic oxidation, the laser welding and arc welding, mechanically cleaning the welding line, refining machining and forming. The hybrid welding technology of the laser welding and arc welding parameters comprise that the power of a laser is 3KW to 6KW, the defocusing amount is -0.8 to 0mm, the welding speed is 500 to 800mm/min, the distance between a laser heat source and an arc heat source is 0.5 to 3mm, the diameter of a welding wire is 1.3 to 1.9mm, the wire filling speed is 2 to 5mm/min, the welding current is 100A to 160A, the protective gas is high-purity argon, and the flow is 10 to 13L/min. According to the technology provided by the invention, the pore problem of aluminum alloy welding can be effectively solved, the processing quality of the aluminum alloy is improved, the application range is widened, and the production efficiency of the aluminum alloy is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of aluminium alloy processing technology.
Background technology
Aluminium alloy has the little (2.7g/cm3 of density, mild steel is 7.86g/cm3), the advantage such as nonmagnetic, thermal conductivity is high, specific strength is high, forming property is good, cryogenic property is good, corrosion-resistant, be widely used among various structure, but its weldability is poor.
In decades, the welding of aluminium alloy mainly adopts the methods such as gas welding, arc-welding, plasma welding, and the weldment quality of these welding methods welding is not bery desirable; In addition, also there is many difficult welderings or unweldable aluminium alloy.The appearance of high power laser in recent years makes Laser Welding of Aluminum Alloys welding procedure be developed, and aluminium alloy obtains extensive application in the manufacture of automobile, boats and ships, aerospace vehicle.But because aluminium alloy is high to laser reflectivity, laser welding power utilization rate is low, welding pretreatment requires high, and the restriction of the laser weld Stimulated Light power of slab.The cooperative effect that laser-arc hybrid welding in industry has " 1+1 ﹥ 2 ", can obtain independent laser, the unapproachable effect of arc welding, for Welded provides a kind of new welding method.
The complex process of welding inherently individual mass transfer, heat transfer, metallurgy and mechanics, composite welding more relates to the coupling of two or more thermal source.Simple dependence theoretical research, is difficult to solve actual industrial problem, and cost intensive.Traditional solder technology research develops with " theoretical-test-produce " pattern, wherein experimentation cost and consuming time be the problem being difficult to solve very well always.Along with the development of computer technology, adopt the pattern of " theory-numerical simulation-production ", this problem can be made better to be solved.Coordinate certain commerical test, adopt analogue technique, setting up analytical model and can reduce cost, save time, is a study hotspot in current welding engineering field.
The numerical simulation study of welding process is long-standing, from D. Luo Shensaier (Rosenthal), the academy of sciences of former Soviet Union H.H. Racal woods academician, only consider that solid thermal is conducted by initial, to separately considering molten bath liquid flow, then to considering complicated phenomenon and the solid heat transfer such as molten bath flowing.The discovery of aperture mechanism in present high-power high energy beam welding, requires optical, electrical, the hot many phenomenon considering solid, gas, liquid three kinds of states are occurring instantaneously.The development of model is then from the analytic modell analytical model of initial simple point, line, surface, and the numerical models such as numerical integration later on, finite difference, finite element, especially the latter is along with the development of computer technology, is able to the application of large quantifier elimination.
Good economy is that composite welding is developed rapidly most the underlying cause.Thus pulled the renewal day by day of industrial requirement: discovery, new processing method and the birth of new technology of new thermal source.When new welding method, new thermal source are difficult to seek, they have carried out inevitable accidental selection, and combined by thermal source, and obtain good welding effect, composite welding develops rapidly like this.(mainly refer to the composite welding of laser and electric arc, broad sense say that the thermal source of any two kinds or more superpose the welding carried out and is all composite welding, as: the agitating friction recently occurred welds and the compound of laser weld is also a kind of composite welding.Practice proves, and composite welding process has good adaptability, is not only applicable to the welding of steel, has more unique advantage in the welding of aluminium alloy.Get composite welding clear, first look at independent arc welding and laser weld.
Arc welding is a kind of melting welding, is by utilizing the electric arc caused between electrode and workpiece, converting electric energy to heat energy, melts, in conjunction with a kind of welding method of soldered metal.Arc welding divides non-melt pole electrical arc to weld and melt pole electrical arc welding.Typical non-melt pole electrical arc weldering is TIG weldering, also has plasma arc welding (PAW), carbon arc welding, atomic hydrogen welding etc. in addition; Typical melt pole electrical arc welding is MIG weldering, also has SMAW, submerged-arc welding and the weldering of medicine core etc. in addition.The conduction of the arc current of TIG weldering is the ion relying on protective gas ionization to produce, and is pure gas electric arc; MIG welds the conduction of electric current, the metal ion that the overwhelming majority relies on metal vapors to produce, and fraction relies on protective gas ion, is metal vapors electric arc.But they all using argon gas, helium or both obtain mist as protection gas, they are all common Welded methods.
TIG weldering is a kind of comparatively perfect arc-welding method, and its energy Relatively centralized (relative gas welding), heat affected area is little.Due in arc burning process, electrode is infusible, therefore is easy to maintain constant arc length, and welding process is stablized.During welding, weld metal mainly leans on inert gas shielding, so during TIG weldering, without flux, thus can avoid the corrosion of postwelding residue Welded Joints, eliminate postwelding scarfing cinder, and joint form also can be unrestricted.Inert gas forms protect gas reservoir around electric arc, makes motlten metal, tungsten electrode termination is not easy to air with welding wire and contacts, the alloying element not easily scaling loss therefore in welding process in welded metal and welding wire.In addition, protective gas is insoluble to metal, therefore does not form pore in weld seam.Protective gas washing away welding region during welding, makes welding point accelerate cooling, thus improves the structure property of joint, and reduce welding deformation.So TIG quality of weld joint is more much higher than gas welding, intensity can reach the 90-100% of mother metal.But TIG welding is without flux, so the requirement of preweld cleaning is stricter than other welding methods.
Traditional MIG weldering is mainly used in cut deal welding, and welding current is large, and in arc heat quantity set, power is large, and welding efficiency is high, and production efficiency is welded to few raisings 2-3 times than manual TIG, can realize all-position welding easily.Along with the development of solder technology, the plate sheet welding of aluminium alloy also can be carried out now.Owing to making electrode with welding wire, can adopt high-density current, thus fusion penetration is large, and fill deposition rate soon, welding productivity is high.General employing DC reverse connection power supply, has good atomizing (negative electrode spraying effect) during welding, thus removes the aluminum oxide film hindering fusing without flux, and arcing when weld metal can be utilized to do negative pole realizes.Therefore, aluminium alloy, after being soldered, can not in use have because carefully not removing flux the danger causing metal erosion.Because smoldering and slagging scorification, workpiece can not be hindered the observation of welding material, contributes to the welding of welder to difficult locations in welding process.Welded is carried out in MIG weldering, and weld metal deposition efficiency is high, is usually greater than 95%, when welding wire is along weld movement, does not substantially splash and oxidative phenomena.Weldquality is excellent, and welding deformation is little.Weld last as do not need waste heat, thick plates also only needs waste heat starting the arc position.
Arc welding, as the technical method being the most generally applied in material connection area the earliest, has developed into a kind of aluminum alloy solder technology of maturation, is the main flow processing method of Al and Alalloy welding in current industrial quarters.But due to arc line stream energy Density Distribution Feature, MIG welds (than high energy beam welding) speed slow (about 0.3-1m/min usually, and Laser Welding can reach 2-10m/min), welding depth-to-width ratio is little, and distortion is large and production efficiency is low; But the bridging ability of electric arc is stronger, thus not strict to the clearance requirement of welding work pieces, and can reach 10% of thickness of workpiece, the utilization rate of arc energy reaches more than 60% of power output simultaneously.
Laser weld mainly refers to laser heat processing when can form aperture and plasma.Keyhole effect is namely when laser power density is enough large, when reaching gasification threshold values (being generally 106W/cm2) of processing metal, metal is heated rapidly under the irradiation of laser, and its surface temperature is elevated to boiling point within the extremely short time, makes metal molten and gasification.When Metal gasification, the metal vapors produced leaves molten bath with certain speed, the liquid metal of effusion to fusing of metal vapors produces an additonal pressure, makes molten pool metal surface to lower recess, under laser facula, produces a small rut (Crater).When pit bottom continues by heating and gasifying, the metal vapors produced oppresses the liquid metal at the end, hole on the one hand makes pitting deepen further; On the other hand, to the steam of effusion outside hole, molten metal is pressed to molten bath surrounding.This process proceeds down, just in liquid metal, the slit (VaporCapillary) that one is full of metal vapors is formed, there is document to be called hot pore (Thermocapillary), be often called aperture (Keyhole).Plasma effect refers to when laser power density is greater than the shielding threshold values of plasma, laser emission metal material makes it the strong gasification in surface, produce metal vapors, initial free electron in steam is caused (Fresenal) radiation absorption laser energy by anti-tough and be accelerated, until have enough energy impact ionization materials and ambient gas, increase with making electron density snowslide-just define plasma.
The advantage of laser weld:
A. power density is high, and heat input is low, and speed of welding is fast, than energy little (heat distortion amount is little), and molten width, fusion penetration is large, and unit interval fusion area is large, and heat affected area is narrow;
B. cooling velocity obtains fine seam organization soon, and joint performance is good;
C., compared with contact weld, Laser Welding, without electrode, decreases this part man-hour and cost;
D. need vacuum atmosphere unlike electron beam welding, and protection gas and pressure formula can be selected, the shape of welded piece, not by electromagnetic effect, does not produce X-ray;
E. can weld airtight transparent closed occupancy internal metallic material;
F. can carry out long-distance transmissions with optical fiber, Technological adaptability is good, coupled computer and manipulator, easily realizes automation and the precise hard_drawn tuhes of welding process.
G. accessibility is good, can utilize the characteristic of light, by light path close to the inaccessible workpiece position of conventional method.
H. light does not have inertia, is easy to anxious in high-speed welding and stops and restart.
I. laser weld is noncontact welding, and contactless stress, mechanical is out of shape.
J. welding process does not generally need electrode and packing material (have silk filling, powder feeding, and be coated with the special processes of active (A-TIG weldering), be to improve welding quality or special welding), and weld zone is contaminated hardly; And Laser Deep Penetration Welding mechanism has purification, purer, low impurity weld seam can be formed.
K. can implement welding dissimilar materials, the material of process conventional method difficulty weldering, as glass, pottery, lucite etc.
L. by light-dividing device, a tractor serves several purposes can be realized, Liang Tai and can using respectively under a laser control with upper table.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to propose a kind of aluminium alloy processing technology.
For reaching this object, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
A kind of aluminium alloy processing technology, it is characterized in that aluminium alloy is after uncoiling, heat treatment, anodic oxidation, adopt Laser Welding and arc welding composite welding process processing welding lines, then shaping to the further deep processing of aluminium alloy, comprising: uncoiling---punch forming---oil cleaning---------------mechanical chipping weld seam---fine finishining---is shaping for Laser Welding and arc welding in anodic oxidation in clear water rinsing in ultrasonic degreasing process.The technological parameter of laser _ electric arc combined welding comprises laser power 3KW---6KW; defocusing amount-0.8---0mm; speed of welding is 500---800mm/min; distance 0.5---3mm between laser thermal source and electric arc thermal source; gage of wire 1.3mm---1.9mm, silk filling speed is 2---5mm/min, welding current 100A---160A; protective gas is high-purity argon gas, and flow is 10---13L/min.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
A kind of aluminium alloy processing technology, aluminium alloy is after uncoiling, heat treatment, anodic oxidation, adopt Laser Welding and arc welding composite welding process processing welding lines, then shaping to the further deep processing of aluminium alloy, comprising: uncoiling---punch forming---oil cleaning---------------mechanical chipping weld seam---fine finishining---is shaping for Laser Welding and arc welding in anodic oxidation in clear water rinsing in ultrasonic degreasing process.Aluminium alloy is 2A12; size 100mm × 150mm × 4mm, adopt overlapping mode, the technological parameter of laser _ electric arc combined welding comprises laser power 4KW; defocusing amount-0.8mm; speed of welding is 500mm/min, the distance 0.5mm between laser thermal source and electric arc thermal source, gage of wire 1.3mm; silk filling speed is 2mm/min; welding current 100A, protective gas is high-purity argon gas, and flow is 10L/min.
Embodiment 2
A kind of aluminium alloy processing technology, aluminium alloy is after uncoiling, heat treatment, anodic oxidation, adopt Laser Welding and arc welding composite welding process processing welding lines, then shaping to the further deep processing of aluminium alloy, comprising: uncoiling---punch forming---oil cleaning---------------mechanical chipping weld seam---fine finishining---is shaping for Laser Welding and arc welding in anodic oxidation in clear water rinsing in ultrasonic degreasing process.Aluminium alloy is the aluminum pipe of ZL114, size 30mm, wall thickness 2mm; adopt overlapping mode; the technological parameter of laser _ electric arc combined welding comprises laser power 2KW, defocusing amount-0.3mm, and speed of welding is 600mm/min; distance 1.2mm between laser thermal source and electric arc thermal source; gage of wire 1.3mm, silk filling speed is 3mm/min, welding current 130A; protective gas is high-purity argon gas, and flow is 13L/min.
Claims (2)
1. an aluminium alloy processing technology, it is characterized in that aluminium alloy is after uncoiling, heat treatment, anodic oxidation, adopt Laser Welding and arc welding composite welding process processing welding lines, then shaping to the further deep processing of aluminium alloy, comprising: uncoiling---punch forming---oil cleaning---------------mechanical chipping weld seam---fine finishining---is shaping for Laser Welding and arc welding in anodic oxidation in clear water rinsing in ultrasonic degreasing process.
2. method according to claim 1; it is characterized in that; the technological parameter of described laser _ electric arc combined welding comprises laser power 3KW---6KW, defocusing amount-0.8---0mm, and speed of welding is 500---800mm/min; distance 0.5---3mm between laser thermal source and electric arc thermal source; gage of wire 1.3mm---1.9mm, silk filling speed is 2---5mm/min, welding current 100A---160A; protective gas is high-purity argon gas, and flow is 10---13L/min.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510717947.9A CN105196006A (en) | 2015-10-29 | 2015-10-29 | Aluminum alloy processing technology |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510717947.9A CN105196006A (en) | 2015-10-29 | 2015-10-29 | Aluminum alloy processing technology |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105196006A true CN105196006A (en) | 2015-12-30 |
Family
ID=54944134
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510717947.9A Pending CN105196006A (en) | 2015-10-29 | 2015-10-29 | Aluminum alloy processing technology |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105196006A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109570766A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-04-05 | 安徽澳雅合金有限公司 | A kind of aluminium alloy sheet weld method |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7253377B2 (en) * | 2005-02-08 | 2007-08-07 | General Motors Corporation | System and method of joining overlapping workpieces |
| JP4153218B2 (en) * | 2002-02-26 | 2008-09-24 | 株式会社ダイヘン | Laser combined AC MIG pulse arc welding method |
| CN101670495A (en) * | 2009-09-28 | 2010-03-17 | 北京工业大学 | Laser-TIG electric arc hybrid welding technology for spaceflight aluminum alloy plate with medium thickness and high strength |
| CN101954543A (en) * | 2010-08-04 | 2011-01-26 | 机械科学研究院哈尔滨焊接研究所 | Non-splash, low-deformation, high-quality and high-efficiency welding method for T-shaped joint of aluminum alloy sheet |
| CN102015193A (en) * | 2008-11-27 | 2011-04-13 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Composite welding method and composite welding apparatus |
| CN104889569A (en) * | 2015-06-03 | 2015-09-09 | 广东省工业技术研究院(广州有色金属研究院) | Pulse laser-arc composite welding method |
-
2015
- 2015-10-29 CN CN201510717947.9A patent/CN105196006A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4153218B2 (en) * | 2002-02-26 | 2008-09-24 | 株式会社ダイヘン | Laser combined AC MIG pulse arc welding method |
| US7253377B2 (en) * | 2005-02-08 | 2007-08-07 | General Motors Corporation | System and method of joining overlapping workpieces |
| CN102015193A (en) * | 2008-11-27 | 2011-04-13 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Composite welding method and composite welding apparatus |
| CN101670495A (en) * | 2009-09-28 | 2010-03-17 | 北京工业大学 | Laser-TIG electric arc hybrid welding technology for spaceflight aluminum alloy plate with medium thickness and high strength |
| CN101954543A (en) * | 2010-08-04 | 2011-01-26 | 机械科学研究院哈尔滨焊接研究所 | Non-splash, low-deformation, high-quality and high-efficiency welding method for T-shaped joint of aluminum alloy sheet |
| CN104889569A (en) * | 2015-06-03 | 2015-09-09 | 广东省工业技术研究院(广州有色金属研究院) | Pulse laser-arc composite welding method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 杨淑芳: "铝合金焊接技术", 《造船技术》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109570766A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-04-05 | 安徽澳雅合金有限公司 | A kind of aluminium alloy sheet weld method |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102310289B (en) | Hybrid laser arc welding technology and equipment | |
| CN102225494B (en) | Laser-arc hybrid welding double-wide narrow-groove welding method | |
| CN104874919B (en) | A kind of slab narrow gap laser photocoagulation method | |
| Lienert et al. | ASM handbook, volume 6A: welding fundamentals and processes | |
| CN107309563A (en) | A kind of laser electrical arc complex welding method of high-grade pipe line steel | |
| CN102126084A (en) | Laser welding method for steel sheet | |
| CN104985327A (en) | Bifocus laser and InFocus arc hybrid welding method | |
| CN105215552A (en) | A kind of stainless steel welding | |
| CN104801866A (en) | Plasma and gas metal arc welding composite welding device with simple structure | |
| CN103433630B (en) | A kind of pulsed wire feeding laser-electric arc spot soldering method | |
| CN103831533A (en) | Titanium alloy laser-MIG composite welding method | |
| CN112453705A (en) | Thick plate titanium alloy narrow gap double-laser-beam powder filling welding method | |
| CN104907696A (en) | Laser-arc hybrid welding method with welding current value considered | |
| CN104999181B (en) | A kind of laser InFocus electric arcs bifocus complex welding method | |
| CN101745747A (en) | Laser-electric arc composite welding method through extra electric field | |
| CN103831541A (en) | Laser and MIG electric arc compound welding method for high-strength steel butt joints | |
| CN109108466A (en) | Cut deal square groove laser and electric arc combine welding method | |
| CN101590572A (en) | The vertical double-sided double-arc plasma symmetry welding method | |
| CN104668791A (en) | Coaxial distribution plasma-cold metal transfer composite arc welding method and coaxial distribution plasma-cold metal transfer composite arc welding device | |
| CN103817449A (en) | Plasma arc and melt electrode electric arc composite welding method and device | |
| CN105057890A (en) | Laser-MIG compound welding process for automobile body | |
| CN110860796B (en) | Aluminum alloy small-current arc online cleaning auxiliary laser filler wire welding method | |
| CN105195875A (en) | Welding gun of lockhole effect TIG deep penetration welding | |
| CN103978288B (en) | A kind of method of the TIG-MIG welding of connecting | |
| CN105196006A (en) | Aluminum alloy processing technology |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20151230 |