CN103831541A - Laser and MIG electric arc compound welding method for high-strength steel butt joints - Google Patents
Laser and MIG electric arc compound welding method for high-strength steel butt joints Download PDFInfo
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- CN103831541A CN103831541A CN201310652431.1A CN201310652431A CN103831541A CN 103831541 A CN103831541 A CN 103831541A CN 201310652431 A CN201310652431 A CN 201310652431A CN 103831541 A CN103831541 A CN 103831541A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/50—Inorganic material, e.g. metals, not provided for in B23K2103/02 – B23K2103/26
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/32—Bonding taking account of the properties of the material involved
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/346—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in combination with welding or cutting covered by groups B23K5/00 - B23K25/00, e.g. in combination with resistance welding
- B23K26/348—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in combination with welding or cutting covered by groups B23K5/00 - B23K25/00, e.g. in combination with resistance welding in combination with arc heating, e.g. TIG [tungsten inert gas], MIG [metal inert gas] or plasma welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/60—Preliminary treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
- B23K2103/04—Steel or steel alloys
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Abstract
The invention discloses a laser and MIG electric arc compound welding method for high-strength steel butt joints. The laser and MIG electric arc compound welding method comprises the specific steps that (1) high-strength steel butt joints to be welded are machined to be provided with I-shaped grooves, wherein the high-strength steel butt joints are of a butt joint form; (2) the high-strength steel butt joints to be welded are assembled, and the size of an assembly gap between the high-strength steel butt joints is controlled to be smaller than or equal to 0.1delta; (3) welding wires are selected according to the materials of the high-strength steel butt joints to be welded, and pre-welding treatment such as oil removal, acid pickling, drying and sand blasting is carried out on the high-strength steel butt joints to be welded and the welding wires; (4) a laser source and an MIG thermal source are arranged, wherein a laser beam is perpendicularly incident from the position which is one to three millimeters away from the front portion of the MIG thermal source, the welding wires are fed into the upper surface of the high-strength steel butt joints to be welded through an MIG muzzle, and the angle between each welding wire and the horizontal plane ranges from 30 degrees to 60 degrees; (5) laser beam and MIG compound welding is carried out, and in an initial period, the maintenance time of lasers and the maintenance time of an electric arc range from 0 s to 0.5 s. The laser and MIG electric arc compound welding method for the high-strength steel butt joints, welding penetration is improved, the requirement for assembly conditions is reduced, welding quality is improved, and high welding performance is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to laser welding technology field, relate to a kind of high-strength steel banjo fixing butt jointing laser-MIG electric arc complex welding method.
Background technology
High-strength steel is one of metal material of the fields such as current pressure vessel, bridge, boats and ships, space flight and aviation wide model application, and its intensity is high, plasticity, toughness are also better.Because high-strength steel alloying element is many, phosphorus content is high, tendency of hardenability is large, while having determined its welding, should adopt the concentrated welding method of heat.Laser weld, owing to having the advantages such as high-energy-density, high efficiency, high accuracy, strong adaptability, is very suitable for the welding of high-strength steel.Laser-MIG hybrid welding technology in laser welding technology organically combines the advantage of Laser Welding and MIG weldering especially, both can reduce the requirement to weldment assembly precision, can make up again that the weldering speed that MIG weldering exists is slow, efficiency is low, be out of shape the deficiencies such as large.Therefore to high-strength steel, welding has significant advantage to Laser-MIG Composite Welding method.
High-strength steel is in Laser-MIG Composite Welding process, because high-strength steel alloying element is many, carbon amount is high, tendency of hardenability is large, weld seam solidification and crystallization temperature range is large, segregation tendency is large, there is very large crack sensitivity, at present, the relevant Laser-MIG Composite Welding technical study of high-strength steel and the report of application are also rare.
Summary of the invention
Technical scheme of the present invention is to provide a kind of high-strength steel banjo fixing butt jointing laser-MIG electric arc complex welding method, solve that the requirement of high-strength steel welding Laser Welding assembled condition is high, MIG weldering efficiency is low, weld seam easily goes out crackle, use merely the shortcomings such as laser weld thickness deficiency, the method realizes not to be increased under the condition of YAG laser power, improve welding penetration, adapt to wider assembled condition, improve welding quality, obtain good welds performance.
For achieving the above object, high-strength steel banjo fixing butt jointing laser-MIG electric arc complex welding method of the present invention is by the following technical solutions:
The method concrete steps are as follows:
The first step: joint to be welded high-strength steel is processed into I type groove, and joint form is banjo fixing butt jointing;
Second step: assemble joint to be welded, and control joint fit-up gap and be not more than 0.1 δ;
The 3rd step: select corresponding welding wire according to the trade mark of high-strength steel material to be welded, and butt-welding fitting and welding wire carry out the pre-welding treatment such as oil removing, pickling, oven dry, sandblast;
The 4th step: arrange laser, MIG thermal source: MIG welding gun is connected with laser head by screw, MIG rifle and laser head keep 15mm～20mm, distance between laser beam and MIG rifle regulates by the mechanical mechanism of distance fine regulation, wire feed angle regulates by angle-adjusting mechanism, make laser beam from MIG front 1～3mm vertical incidence, welding wire by MIG rifle mouth to send into workpiece surface horizontal by the angle of 30 °～60 °;
The 5th step: carry out laser beam and MIG composite welding, the holding time at 0～0.5s of initial period laser and electric arc.
Preferably, described welding wire adopts the brightness welding wire of exempting from cleaning.
Preferably, described laser, 1 common molten bath of the common formation of MIG two thermals source, welding wire is sent into molten bath upper surface by MIG rifle mouth, forms short circuiting transfer.
Preferably, laser output power used is 1.0～4.0kW, and laser defocusing amount is-1～0mm, speed of welding 500～1200mm/min, MIG electric power outputting current 45～100A, wire feed rate 60～120ipm.
Preferably, the rifle gas of described MIG use purity be 99.99% argon gas as protective gas, MIG rifle gas 15～25L/min, can weld high-strength steel thickness is 2～10mm.
The beneficial effect of high-strength steel banjo fixing butt jointing laser-MIG electric arc complex welding method of the present invention is: the advantage of having given full play to Laser Welding and MIG weldering, be applied in the welding of high-strength steel, solved that the requirement of high-strength steel welding Laser Welding assembled condition is high, MIG weldering efficiency is low, weld seam easily goes out crackle, use merely the shortcomings such as laser weld thickness deficiency.Do not reducing under the prerequisite of welding efficiency, reducing assembled condition requirement.Have welding penetration large, speed of welding is fast, workpiece deformation is little, and matching requirements are low, molten bath bridging ability is strong, and welding quality is high, and Weld Performance is good, is easy to realize the features such as automatic welding.
Adopt welding method of the present invention, can be without bevel, utilize 4kW laser and little electric arc combined welding, can adapt to larger assembled condition, can realize through welding of 2mm～10mm mother metal; Strength of joint coefficient reaches more than 0.9.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is I type banjo fixing butt jointing schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is high-strength steel laser-MIG composite welding schematic diagram.
Detailed description of the invention
Now with possible embodiments preferably and coordinate accompanying drawing to be described in detail as follows:
High-strength steel banjo fixing butt jointing laser-MIG electric arc complex welding method of the present invention, laser output power used is (1.0～4.0) kW, speed of welding (500～1200) mm/min, wire feed rate (60～120) ipm, laser defocusing amount is (1～0) mm; MIG rifle gas use purity be 99.99% argon gas as protective gas, MIG rifle gas (15～25) L/min, can weld high-strength steel thickness is (2～10) mm, MIG electric power outputting current (45～100) A;
The method concrete steps are as follows:
The first step: high-strength steel joint 4 to be welded is processed into I type groove 5, and joint form is banjo fixing butt jointing;
Second step: assemble joint to be welded, and control joint fit-up gap and be not more than 0.1 δ (δ is joint thickness);
The 3rd step: select welding wire 3 according to high-strength steel material composition to be welded, and butt-welding fitting carries out the pre-welding treatment such as oil removing, pickling, oven dry, sandblast with welding wire, welding wire also can adopt exempts from the brightness welding wire cleared up;
The 4th step: arrange laser 1, MIG2 thermal source: laser beam is from MIG front (1～3) mm vertical incidence, welding wire by MIG rifle mouth to send into workpiece surface horizontal by the angle of 30 °～60 °; Guarantee 1 common molten bath of the common formation of two thermals source, welding wire is sent into molten bath upper surface by MIG rifle mouth, forms short circuiting transfer;
The 5th step: adopt high power laser and low power MIG composite welding, select the speed of welding of (0.5～1.2) m/min, selection laser defocusing amount is (1～0) mm, the holding time at (0～0.5) s of initial period laser and electric arc.
Test laser instrument used and be the HL4006D type Nd:YAG solid state laser that German TRUMFP company produces, rated power 4kW, output wavelength is the continuous wave laser of 1.06 μ m, adopts the condenser lens that focal length is 150mm; MIG soldering equipment adopts U.S. LINCOLN Power Wave455M power supply and German Binzel APD MF II wire-feed motor.
Embodiment 1:
1) 30CrMnSi material 2mm thick structure butt plates welding
Concrete steps are:
The first step: high-strength steel joint to be welded is processed into I type groove, joint form is banjo fixing butt jointing;
Second step: assemble joint to be welded, and control joint fit-up gap and be not more than 0.1 δ;
The 3rd step: to select gage of wire be 1.6mm welding wire, and butt-welding fitting carries out the pre-welding treatment such as oil removing, pickling, oven dry, sandblast with welding wire, welding wire also can adopt exempts from the brightness welding wire cleared up;
The 4th step: arrange laser, MIG thermal source: laser beam is from MIG front 2mm vertical incidence, welding wire by MIG rifle mouth to send into workpiece surface horizontal by the angle of 30 °; Guarantee 1 common molten bath of the common formation of two thermals source, welding wire is sent into molten bath upper surface by MIG rifle mouth, forms short circuiting transfer;
The 5th step: adopt high power laser and low power MIG composite welding, select the speed of welding of 0.8m/min, selection laser defocusing amount is 0mm, the holding time at 0.2s of initial period laser and electric arc.
Described laser power is 1.0kW, and MIG electric current is 45A, the argon gas that protective gas is 99.99%, MIG rifle gas 15L/min.
The titanium alloy plate butt weld that utilizes above-mentioned Laser-MIG Composite Welding method to obtain; be shaped good; ripple is even; gas shield is good; weld contour has typical laser-MIG hybrid welding seam feature, and fusion penetration can reach 2mm, the defects such as the inner flawless of weld seam, lack of penetration and incomplete fusion; without visible field trash, pore-free.Strength of joint coefficient reaches 0.95.
Embodiment 2:
2) 30CrMnSi material 5mm thick structure butt plates welding
Concrete steps are:
The first step: high-strength steel joint to be welded is processed into I type groove, joint form is banjo fixing butt jointing;
Second step: assemble joint to be welded, and control joint fit-up gap and be not more than 0.1 δ;
The 3rd step: to select gage of wire be 1.6mm welding wire, and butt-welding fitting carries out the pre-welding treatment such as oil removing, pickling, oven dry, sandblast with welding wire, welding wire also can adopt exempts from the brightness welding wire cleared up;
The 4th step: arrange laser, MIG thermal source: laser beam is from MIG front 2mm vertical incidence, welding wire by MIG rifle mouth to send into workpiece surface horizontal by the angle of 45 °; Guarantee 1 common molten bath of the common formation of two thermals source, welding wire is sent into molten bath upper surface by MIG rifle mouth, forms short circuiting transfer;
The 5th step: adopt high power laser and low power MIG composite welding, select the speed of welding of 1.2m/min, selection laser defocusing amount is 0mm, the initial period laser 0.2s that holds time, the MIG electric arc 0.1s that holds time.
Described laser power is 3.6kW, and MIG electric current is 69A, the argon gas that protective gas is 99.99%, MIG rifle gas 25L/min.
The titanium alloy plate butt weld that utilizes above-mentioned Laser-MIG Composite Welding method to obtain; be shaped good; ripple is even; gas shield is good; weld contour has typical laser-MIG hybrid welding seam feature, and fusion penetration can reach 5mm, the defects such as the inner flawless of weld seam, lack of penetration and incomplete fusion; without visible field trash, hole diameter is less than 0.8mm.Strength of joint coefficient reaches 0.95.
Embodiment 3:
3) 30CrMnSi material 7mm thick structure cylinder butt welding
Concrete steps are:
The first step: high-strength steel joint to be welded is processed into I type groove, joint form is banjo fixing butt jointing;
Second step: assemble joint to be welded, and control joint fit-up gap and be not more than 0.1 δ;
The 3rd step: to select gage of wire be 1.6mm welding wire, and butt-welding fitting carries out the pre-welding treatment such as oil removing, pickling, oven dry, sandblast with welding wire, welding wire also can adopt exempts from the brightness welding wire cleared up;
The 4th step: arrange laser, MIG thermal source: laser beam is from MIG front 3mm vertical incidence, welding wire by MIG rifle mouth to send into workpiece surface horizontal by the angle of 60 °; Guarantee 1 common molten bath of the common formation of two thermals source, welding wire is sent into molten bath upper surface by MIG rifle mouth, forms short circuiting transfer;
The 5th step: adopt high power laser and low power MIG composite welding, select the speed of welding of 0.6m/min, selection laser defocusing amount is-0.5mm, the initial period laser 0.5s that holds time, the MIG electric arc 0.1s that holds time.
Described laser power is 3.9kW, and MIG electric current is 60A, the argon gas that protective gas is 99.99%, MIG rifle gas 25L/min.
The high-strength steel cylinder butt weld that utilizes above-mentioned Laser-MIG Composite Welding method to obtain; be shaped good; ripple is even; gas shield is good; weld contour has typical laser-MIG hybrid welding seam feature, and fusion penetration can reach 7mm, the defects such as the inner flawless of weld seam, lack of penetration and incomplete fusion; without visible field trash, hole diameter is less than 1.0mm.Strength of joint coefficient reaches 0.93.
Embodiment 4:
4) 30CrMnSi material 10mm thick structure butt plates welding
Concrete steps are:
The first step: high-strength steel joint to be welded is processed into I type groove, joint form is banjo fixing butt jointing;
Second step: assemble joint to be welded, and control joint fit-up gap and be not more than 0.1 δ;
The 3rd step: to select gage of wire be 1.6mm welding wire, and butt-welding fitting carries out the pre-welding treatment such as oil removing, pickling, oven dry, sandblast with welding wire, welding wire also can adopt exempts from the brightness welding wire cleared up;
The 4th step: arrange laser, MIG thermal source: laser beam is from MIG front 3mm vertical incidence, welding wire by MIG rifle mouth to send into workpiece surface horizontal by the angle of 60 °; Guarantee 1 common molten bath of the common formation of two thermals source, welding wire is sent into molten bath upper surface by MIG rifle mouth, forms short circuiting transfer;
The 5th step: adopt high power laser and low power MIG composite welding, select the speed of welding of 0.5m/min, selection laser defocusing amount is-1mm, the initial period laser 0.5s that holds time, the MIG electric arc 0.1s that holds time.
Described laser power is 4.0kW, and MIG electric current is 100A, the argon gas that protective gas is 99.99%, MIG rifle gas 25L/min.
The titanium alloy plate butt weld that utilizes above-mentioned Laser-MIG Composite Welding method to obtain; be shaped good; ripple is even; gas shield is good; weld contour has typical laser-MIG hybrid welding seam feature, and fusion penetration can reach 10mm, the defects such as the inner flawless of weld seam, lack of penetration and incomplete fusion; without visible field trash, hole diameter is less than 1.2mm.Strength of joint coefficient reaches 0.91.
The new method of hybrid Laser-Arc Welding high-strength steel banjo fixing butt jointing of the present invention, expand the range of application of laser weld on high-strength steel structural member, improve welding quality, reduce welding cost, the method is to environment without particular/special requirement simultaneously, and butt-welding fitting size shape strong adaptability, without after welding treatment before special weldering, welding process is easily implemented, and operating efficiency is high.This intellectual achievement applies to can produce very large economic benefit in actual production, has very strong application prospect.
Above content is the further description of the present invention being done in conjunction with concrete preferred embodiment, and being convenient to these those skilled in the art can understand and apply the invention, and can not assert that specific embodiment of the invention is confined to these explanations.For general technical staff of the technical field of the invention, can also make without departing from the inventive concept of the premise some simple deduction or replace, and needn't pass through performing creative labour.Therefore, those skilled in the art are according to announcement of the present invention, and the simple modifications that the present invention is made all should be within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a high-strength steel banjo fixing butt jointing laser-MIG electric arc complex welding method, is characterized in that: the method concrete steps are as follows:
The first step: joint to be welded high-strength steel is processed into I type groove, and joint form is banjo fixing butt jointing;
Second step: assemble joint to be welded, and control joint fit-up gap and be not more than 0.1 δ;
The 3rd step: select corresponding welding wire according to high-strength steel material to be welded, and butt-welding fitting and welding wire carry out the pre-welding treatment such as oil removing, pickling, oven dry, sandblast;
The 4th step: arrange laser, MIG thermal source: MIG welding gun is connected with laser head by screw, MIG rifle and laser head keep 15mm～20mm, distance between adjusting laser beam and MIG rifle, regulate wire feed angle, make laser beam from MIG front 1～3mm vertical incidence, welding wire by MIG rifle mouth to send into workpiece surface horizontal by the angle of 30 °～60 °;
The 5th step: carry out laser beam and MIG composite welding, the holding time at 0～0.5s of initial period laser and electric arc.
2. high-strength steel banjo fixing butt jointing laser-MIG electric arc complex welding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described welding wire adopts the brightness welding wire of exempting from cleaning.
3. high-strength steel banjo fixing butt jointing laser-MIG electric arc complex welding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described laser, 1 common molten bath of the common formation of MIG two thermals source, welding wire is sent into molten bath upper surface by MIG rifle mouth, forms short circuiting transfer.
4. according to the high-strength steel banjo fixing butt jointing laser-MIG electric arc complex welding method described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterized in that: laser output power used is 1.0～4.0kW, laser defocusing amount is-1～0mm, speed of welding 500～1200mm/min, MIG electric power outputting current 45～100A, wire feed rate 60～120ipm.
5. according to the high-strength steel banjo fixing butt jointing laser-MIG electric arc complex welding method described in claim 1 or 2 or 3; it is characterized in that: it is that 99.99% argon gas is as protective gas that the rifle gas of described MIG uses purity; MIG rifle gas 15～25L/min, can weld high-strength steel thickness is 2～10mm.
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| CN106271139A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-01-04 | 南京先进激光技术研究院 | A kind of Invar steel laser electrical arc complex welding method |
| CN106346134A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2017-01-25 | 苏州天弘激光股份有限公司 | Carbon steel and high speed steel hybrid welding process |
| CN108941913A (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2018-12-07 | 辽宁增材制造产业技术研究院有限公司 | A kind of efficient laser-MAG compound welding method of slab marine high strength steel |
| CN110142512A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-08-20 | 河海大学常州校区 | A kind of laser-MIG electric arc complex welding method of low-alloy high-strength steel sheet |
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| CN106346134A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2017-01-25 | 苏州天弘激光股份有限公司 | Carbon steel and high speed steel hybrid welding process |
| CN106271139A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-01-04 | 南京先进激光技术研究院 | A kind of Invar steel laser electrical arc complex welding method |
| CN110405344A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2019-11-05 | 上海汇众汽车制造有限公司 | The gas hole defect suppressing method of the electric arc combined welding of high-strength steel laser-MIG |
| CN108941913A (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2018-12-07 | 辽宁增材制造产业技术研究院有限公司 | A kind of efficient laser-MAG compound welding method of slab marine high strength steel |
| CN110142512A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-08-20 | 河海大学常州校区 | A kind of laser-MIG electric arc complex welding method of low-alloy high-strength steel sheet |
| CN110614438A (en) * | 2019-09-04 | 2019-12-27 | 上海工程技术大学 | Laser-arc hybrid welding method for high-strength steel in butt joint gap |
| CN112658610A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-04-16 | 安徽雷尔伟交通装备有限公司 | Preparation method of APM300R framework guide frame component |
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Application publication date: 20140604 |