CN105181912B - A kind of Noninvasive Measuring Method of Freshness in rice storage - Google Patents
A kind of Noninvasive Measuring Method of Freshness in rice storage Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the Noninvasive Measuring Method of Freshness in a kind of rice storage, belong to rice storage monitoring technical field；The present invention is first by the escaping gas in the gas collecting probe collection foodstuff preservation equipment with heater and speciality filter screen, then R, G, B image before and after the sensor array in hydrophobic membrane reacts with rice sample gas are obtained using 3CCD cameras, computer is handled image, its color signal value is finally substituted into linear discriminant analysis model, the freshness of computer export rice sample；The present invention detects its freshness by rice Volatilized smell, it is a kind of green, the method of quick nondestructive, want to be compared with traditional chemical detection method, the present invention is more convenient, pollution-free, and has certain uniformity with the subjective appreciation of people, compared to artificial feel is played, objectivity and reappearance of the present invention are preferable.The present invention makes full use of maximizing the benefits to have important realistic meaning food quality and safety aspect and enterprise's raw material to meeting consumer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Noninvasive Measuring Method of Freshness in a kind of rice storage, the monitoring belonged in rice storage
Technical field.
Background technology
Rice is one of staple food of our people.After the paddy of paddy ridge, protection of the rice due to losing rice husk, endosperm directly with
Air contact passes through, and various change can occur for starch, fat and protein in rice etc., make rice lose original color, perfume (or spice),
Taste, nutritional ingredient and edible quality decline, or even produce poisonous and harmful substance.In addition, the freshness of rice also can be additional to it
The quality of product has influenceed.The content of glycosyl compound in the beer for example brewed with the rice of ageing increases, and causes
Aging of beer etc..
The detection method of current China rice freshness has TBA values determination method, acid-base indicator method, enzymatic activity method etc..Such as
The freshness of rice is examined in GB/T15684-1995 using the aliphatic acid determined in rice, however, this method step is complicated,
The degree of accuracy is poor.Patent of invention " detection pipe of quick inspection rice freshness "（201220263903.5）Disclose a kind of quick
The detection pipe of rice freshness is examined, but its result, by being compared with standard color card, result precision is poor, and can not quantify.
Paper " method of several detection rice freshness compares " describes the freshness that enzymatic activity method measures rice, but this method step
Complexity, the degree of accuracy is poor, it is impossible to fast and accurately detect the freshness of rice；Paper " rice freshness Fast Detection Technique
The rice that Japanese SATAKE companies are described in research " surveys fresh instrument, but its import equipment is expensive, and sample needs pre- place
Reason, complex steps, and precision is not high.
Therefore, find it is a kind of it is easy, stably, the sign and detection method of quantifiable rice freshness, to monitoring and examining
Survey rice quality, meet consumer in terms of food quality and safety and enterprise's raw material to make full use of maximizing the benefits to have important
Realistic meaning.Color sensitive sensor technology is the new method that a kind of gas for occurring in recent years is characterized, using color sensitive sensor with
Color difference before and after under test gas reaction, qualitative and quantitative analysis, in recent years, color sensitive sensor technology are carried out under test gas
Related application is obtained in food and agricultural products detection field, if patent is " a kind of detection fish freshness based on olfaction visualization
Method and device "（Application number:201010262347.50）Disclose the method and dress of a kind of olfaction visualization detection fish freshness
Put, but the device is heavier, and its image acquiring device is scanner, it is difficult to meet the requirement monitored in real time.Color sensitive sensor
Technology has its unique advantage in the context of detection of agricultural product smell, but the freshness detection in rice storage yet there are no
Report.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the shortcomings of Noninvasive Measuring Method of Freshness in existing rice storage, a kind of base is proposed
It is automatic, real by wireless sensor array in the Noninvasive Measuring Method of Freshness of the rice storage of new color sensitive sensor technology
When monitor the situation of change of freshness in whole rice storage.
The technical solution that the present invention is used is as follows：
The present invention provides the freshness detection device in a kind of rice storage, including computer, information acquisition system,
Vavuum pump, heating module, the gas collecting probe with speciality filter screen and rice storage equipment.
Wherein information acquisition system includes 3CCD cameras, LED/light source, reative cell and sensor array, wherein the 3CCD
Camera is fixed on information acquisition system upper end, is connected with computer, and 3CCD cameras are for obtaining the forward and backward sensor of reaction
It is red（R）, it is green（G）, it is blue（B）The image of three components；Its Computer is for handling the rice storage collected in real time
In escaping gas information, information acquisition system is to enter computer for gathering rice escaping gas information transfer；
The LED/light source is fixed on both sides inside information acquisition system, for the collection offer to 3CCD camera cameras
Good light source ensures, improves the quality of collection image, is handled in real time so that the later stage is sent to computer；
Described information acquisition system bottom is provided with arrangement sensor array in reative cell, reative cell；Reative cell is rice
The vessel that escaping gas in storage is fully reacted with corresponding color sensitive sensor, sensor array be first pass through it is micro-
Measure 4 × 3 array of point sample formation；
The vavuum pump is connected with the gas collecting probe with speciality filter screen, and gas collecting probe injection port is equipped with filter
Net, lower end is equipped with heating module, and the escaping gas in the rice storage collected is passed through vacuum by gas collecting probe
Pump is pumped into reative cell；Gas collecting probe with speciality filter screen is placed directly within rice storage equipment；With special filter screen
The effect of gas collecting probe is, for preventing the impurity blocking device in rice, and only to extract the rice volatility of storage
Gas.
Heating module is placed in rice storage equipment, can be any device for being used for heating, for detecting adding for sample
Heat, promotes gaseous volatilization.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of detection method of freshness in rice storage, including following step
Suddenly：
（1）Pass through gas chromatography-mass spectrum first（GC-MS）The feature escaping gas of different freshness rice is determined, its
In eight (ethylene glycol) one (dodecyl) ether, benzaldehyde and hexanal content change in rice storage substantially（Eight (second two
Alcohol) (dodecyl) ether is after rice is stored six months, and content is drastically reduced；Benzaldehyde is not present in fresh rice, with
The increase of rice storage time, content gradually increases, and hexanal is in the storage of rice, and content first increases to be reduced afterwards）；Then
Screen the quick material of color to these gas sensitizations：3 kinds of porphyrinses and a kind of pH indicator；Wherein, 3 kinds of porphyrin chemical combination
Thing is protoporphyrin dimethyl ester, octaethylporphyrin, tetraphenyl benzo ternary porphyrin, and porphyrins is dissolved in into dichloromethane respectively
In solvent, concentration range is 1-2mg/mL, and under the concentration, the color of porphyrin solution is moderate, more uniform to be dispersed in medium lining
On bottom, easily reacted with rice volatilization gas；PH indicator Nile reds, are dissolved in ethanol, and concentration is 1-2mg/mL, at this
Under concentration, the color of porphyrin solution is moderate, more uniform to be dispersed in dielectric substrate, is easily reacted with rice volatilization gas.Pass through
Micro-sampling capillary prints and dyes 4 kinds of quick materials of color in polyvinylidene fluoride one by one（PVDF）On film, the quick sensing of 4 kinds of colors is made
Device, this 4 kinds of color sensitive sensors constitute the quick material sensors array of color；
（2）3CCD cameras obtain the Initial R of reaction front sensor array, G, B image transmitting to computer, and computer is carried out
Image procossing obtains priming color information；
（3）The collection of different phase rice escaping gas：Gas collecting probe is placed in rice sample, opens heated mould
Block and vavuum pump, the escaping gas extracted in rice storage are anti-into the quick material of the color of reative cell and sensor array
Should；3CCD cameras obtain R, G, B image transmitting of sensor array after reaction to computer, and computer carries out image procossing, leads to
Cross the denoising of image gaussian filtering, Threshold segmentation, Morphological scale-space, characteristic area extraction（Using the quick material center of gravity of color as round dot, 15
Pixel is the circle of radius）Deng the average value for obtaining R, G, B gray scale of assorted quick material in the front and rear image of reaction, obtain different fresh
Spend the eigenmatrix of rice escaping gas；
（4）Reacted using the quick material sensors array of color and sample escaping gas, extract relevant information, input has been built up
Freshness linear discriminant model, you can realize the detection to sample to be tested freshness；Wherein freshness linear discriminant model is built
Vertical, concrete operations are that data are carried out into principal component analysis, finally choose preceding 7 principal components and build linear discriminant analysis model to sentence
The freshness of other rice.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
It is a kind of green, the rice Noninvasive Measuring Method of Freshness of quick nondestructive 1. present invention operation is fast and convenient, detection one
Individual sample only needs to a few minutes, the Quality Detection available for aged rice, it can also be used to be aged in rice storage
Range monitoring；
2. compared with traditional chemical and biological detecting method, the present invention is more convenient, pollution-free, without pre-processing, by
Then the matrix being made up of multiple color sensitive sensors, has certain uniformity with the subjective appreciation of people, can more reflect and embody people
Evaluation and hobby to food；
3. compared artificial sense evaluation, objectivity and reappearance of the present invention are preferable so that the quality of rice can remember and
Succession, is difficult to be disturbed by environmental factor and other subjective and objective factors.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the freshness detecting system schematic diagram during food storage.
Fig. 2 olfaction visualization software processing system schematic diagrames.
In figure：1st, computer, 2,3CCD cameras, 3, LED/light source, 4, reative cell, 5, sensor array, 6, vavuum pump, 7,
Gas collecting probe, 8, filter screen, 9, heating module, 10, rice storage equipment.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiments and the drawings, technical scheme is further illustrated.
Embodiment 1：A kind of freshness detection device in rice storage
As shown in figure 1, the freshness detection device in a kind of rice storage that the present invention is provided, including computer 1,
Information acquisition system, vavuum pump 6, heating module 9, the gas collecting probe 7 with speciality filter screen 8 and rice storage equipment 10.
Wherein information acquisition system includes 3CCD cameras 2, LED/light source 3, reative cell 4 and sensor array 5, wherein described
3CCD cameras 2 are fixed on information acquisition system upper end, are connected with computer 1, and 3CCD cameras 2 are forward and backward for obtaining reaction
Sensor it is red（R）, it is green（G）, it is blue（B）The image of three components；Its Computer 1 is for handling the rice collected in real time
Escaping gas information in storage, information acquisition system is to enter calculating for gathering rice escaping gas information transfer
Machine 1；
The LED/light source 3 is fixed on both sides inside information acquisition system, is carried for the collection to the camera of 3CCD cameras 2
Ensure for good light source, improve the quality of collection image, handled in real time so that the later stage is sent to computer 1；
Described information acquisition system bottom is provided with arrangement sensor array 5 in reative cell 4, reative cell 4；Reative cell 4 is
The vessel that escaping gas in rice storage is fully reacted with corresponding color sensitive sensor, sensor array 5 is first
4 × 3 array formed by micro-sampling；
The vavuum pump 6 is connected with the gas collecting probe 7 with speciality filter screen 8, gas collecting probe injection port dress
There is a filter screen 8, lower end is equipped with heating module 9, gas collecting probe 7 is by the escaping gas pump in the rice storage collected
Enter reative cell 4；Gas collecting probe 7 with speciality filter screen is placed directly within rice storage equipment 10；With special filter screen
The effect of gas collecting probe 7 is, for preventing the impurity blocking device in rice, and only to extract the rice volatilization of storage
Property gas.
Heating module 9 is placed in rice storage equipment 10, can be any device for being used for heating, for detecting sample
Heating, promotes gaseous volatilization.
Embodiment 2：The detection method of freshness in a kind of rice storage
The detection method of freshness, comprises the following steps in a kind of rice storage：
（1）Rice of the sample standard deviation of embodiment from same kind, all samples are divided into four groups according to storage time, point
Wei not be 1 month, 2 months, 6 months and 12 months.Every group has 30 samples, totally 120 samples；
（2）The making of color sensitive sensor：3 kinds of porphyrinses and a kind of pH to rice freshness odor-sensitive are indicated
The solution that agent is made into is printed and dyed in polyvinylidene fluoride by micro-sampling capillary（PVDF）On film, the quick material of color is made and passes
Sensor array, wherein, 3 kinds of porphyrinses：1. protoporphyrin dimethyl ester, 2. octaethylporphyrin, 3. tetraphenyl benzo ternary porphin
Quinoline, is dissolved in dichloromethane solvent respectively, and concentration range is 1-2mg/mL（By pre-optimized）；PH indicator：Nile red,
It is dissolved in ethanol, concentration range is 1-2mg/mL（By pre-optimized）；
（3）By sensor array 5 as in reative cell 4,3CCD cameras 2 obtain reaction front sensor array R, G, B tri-
The initial pictures of Color Channel；
（4）Gas collecting probe 7 is placed in rice sample, opens heating module 9 and vavuum pump 6, is extracted rice and was stored
Escaping gas in journey enters reative cell 4 and reacted with the quick material of color；3CCD cameras obtain R, G, B of sensor array after reaction
Image transmitting is to computer, and computer 1 carries out image procossing, at the denoising of image gaussian filtering, Threshold segmentation, morphology
Reason, characteristic area are extracted（Using the quick material center of gravity of color as round dot, 15 pixels are the circle of radius）Reacted Deng obtaining in front and rear image
The average value of R, G, B gray scale of assorted quick material, then the average value of gray scale before and after reaction is subtracted each other, obtain visible sensor battle array
The response characteristic matrix of row, then eigenmatrix is reduced to image（Such as Fig. 2）.Data are subjected to principal component analysis, first 7 are extracted
Principal component builds linear discriminant analysis model to differentiate the freshness of rice.
（5）Utilize 40 independent samples（Each classification has 10 samples）This method is verified, as a result such as the institute of table 1
Show, as a result show that this method reaches 85% to the synthesis discrimination of all samples, however, for storage 6 months and storing 12 months
The discrimination of rice sample be 100%.Show that this method can carry out intelligent discriminating to the freshness of rice.
The LDA model prediction rice freshness of table 1
Claims (5)
1. the detection method of freshness in a kind of rice storage, it is characterised in that methods described be using the quick material of color with
The rice odor response color difference of different freshness differentiates the freshness of rice, and methods described stored based on a kind of rice
Freshness detection device in journey, described device includes computer（1）, information acquisition system, vavuum pump (6), heating module
（9）, with speciality filter screen（8）Gas collecting probe（7）；Its Computer（1）It is for handling the rice collected in real time
Escaping gas information in storage, information acquisition system is to enter calculating for gathering rice escaping gas information transfer
Machine（1）；Described information acquisition system bottom is provided with arrangement sensor array 5 in reative cell 4, reative cell 4；
The vavuum pump（6）With with speciality filter screen（8）Gas collecting probe（7）It is connected, gas collecting probe injection port
Equipped with filter screen（8）, lower end is equipped with heating module（9）, heating module（9）It is placed in rice storage equipment（10）In；
The detection method mainly comprises the following steps：
（1）The feature escaping gas of different freshness rice is determined by GC-MS first, is then screened to these gas sensitizations
The quick material of color, the quick material sensors array of color is made；
（2）3CCD cameras（2）The Initial R for reacting front sensor array, G, B image transmitting are obtained to computer（1）, computer
（1）Carry out image procossing and obtain priming color information；
（3）Different phase rice escaping gas is gathered, by the information transfer of collection to computer（1）Image procossing is carried out to obtain
To the eigenmatrix of different freshness rice escaping gases；
（4）Utilize the quick material sensors array of color（5）Reacted with sample escaping gas, extract relevant information, input has been built up
Freshness linear discriminant model, that is, realize the detection to sample to be tested freshness；
Step（1）Described in the characteristic escaping gas by the GC-MS different freshness rice determined be eight (second two
Alcohol) (dodecyl) ether, benzaldehyde, hexanal；
Step（1）Described in the quick material of color be 3 kinds of porphyrinses and a kind of pH indicator；Wherein, 3 kinds of porphyrin chemical combination
Thing is protoporphyrin dimethyl ester, octaethylporphyrin, tetraphenyl benzo ternary porphyrin, and porphyrins is dissolved in into dichloromethane respectively
In solvent, concentration range is 1-2mg/mL；PH indicator is Nile red, is dissolved in ethanol, concentration is 1-2mg/mL, is led to
Cross micro-sampling capillary the quick material of each color is printed and dyed in polyvinylidene fluoride one by one（PVDF）On film, the quick material of color is made
Sensor array.
2. the detection method of freshness in a kind of rice storage according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step
（3）Described in different phase rice escaping gas collection concrete operations it is as follows：
Gas collecting probe（7）It is placed in rice sample, opens heating module（9）And vavuum pump（6）, extract rice storage
In escaping gas enter reative cell（4）With sensor array（5）The reaction of color quick material；3CCD cameras（2）Obtain reaction
Afterwards by sensor array（5）R, G, B image transmitting to computer（1）, computer（1）Carry out image procossing.
3. the detection method of freshness in a kind of rice storage according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step
（2）Or（3）Described in computer carry out image procossing specific method be：
The image information collected is extracted by gaussian filtering denoising, Threshold segmentation, Morphological scale-space, characteristic area, with color
Quick material center of gravity is round dot, and 15 pixels are the circle of radius, obtains R, G, B gray scale of assorted quick material in the front and rear image of reaction
Average value, obtains the eigenmatrix of different freshness rice escaping gases.
4. the detection method of freshness in a kind of rice storage according to claim 2, it is characterised in that wherein institute
State gas collecting probe（7）Lower end is equipped with heating module（9）, the heating for detecting sample, promotion gaseous volatilization, gas collecting
Probe（7）Injection port is equipped with filter screen（8）, for preventing the impurity blocking device in rice, and only extract the rice of storage
Escaping gas.
5. the detection method of freshness in a kind of rice storage according to claim 2, it is characterised in that wherein walk
Suddenly（4）Described in freshness linear discriminant model foundation, concrete operations are that data are carried out into principal component analysis, finally choose before
7 principal components build linear discriminant analysis model to differentiate the freshness of rice.
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| CN105738581B (en) * | 2016-02-01 | 2017-08-25 | 浙江大学 | A kind of method for quick identification of the different freshness hickory nuts based on electronic nose |
| CN107960838B (en) * | 2016-10-20 | 2023-12-22 | 佛山市顺德区美的电热电器制造有限公司 | Storage device and cooking utensil |
| CN108088894A (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2018-05-29 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | The apparatus and method that a kind of quick nondestructive differentiates different year grain in storage for years |
| CN107228854A (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2017-10-03 | 河北百强医用设备制造有限公司 | Using the tidal air Volatile Organic Components automatic detection device and its detection method of optical camera |
| CN109447104A (en) * | 2018-09-10 | 2019-03-08 | 江苏大学 | Food smell mobile phone imaging detection method based on olfaction visualization technology |
| CN109447130B (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2021-10-12 | 江苏大学 | Ha-bai preserved meat detection device and method based on visual gas-sensitive array |
| CN109406500A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-03-01 | 江苏大学 | A kind of sausage rapid classification method based on olfaction visualization array |
| CN109682805A (en) * | 2019-02-13 | 2019-04-26 | 南通市食品药品监督检验中心 | A kind of aquatic products freshness detection device and method based on smell-seeing fingerprint technique |
| CN110702815A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-01-17 | 江苏大学 | Olfactory sensing detection method for flour storage quality |
| CN114052511B (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2023-09-19 | 佛山市顺德区美的电热电器制造有限公司 | Control method, control device, food processing tool, and readable storage medium |
| CN114052463A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2022-02-18 | 佛山市顺德区美的电热电器制造有限公司 | Control method, control device, food processing appliance, and storage medium |
| CN115046363B (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2024-05-07 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Intelligent refrigerator based on machine vision and spectrum detection and operation method |
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| CN1245630C (en) * | 2004-01-08 | 2006-03-15 | 江苏大学 | Agricultural and animal product nondestrctive detection method based on electronic visual sense and smell sense fusion technology and its device |
| CN100470238C (en) * | 2006-05-17 | 2009-03-18 | 江苏大学 | Visual detection method for food aroma and device therefor |
| CN101936912A (en) * | 2010-08-25 | 2011-01-05 | 江苏大学 | Method and device for detecting freshness of fish based on olfaction visualization |
| CN102706870B (en) * | 2012-06-11 | 2014-05-28 | 江苏大学 | Method and system for monitoring stored-grain insect generation information in real time |
| CN102967597A (en) * | 2012-09-26 | 2013-03-13 | 江苏大学 | Olfactory imaging sensing technology based yellow wine storage time identification method and identification system |
| CN103063813B (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2014-12-24 | 江苏大学 | Rapid nondestructive on-line detection method and apparatus for freshness of fishes |
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