CN105174266B - The minimizing technology of impurity iron in a kind of polysilicon and monocrystalline silicon wire cutting waste material - Google Patents
The minimizing technology of impurity iron in a kind of polysilicon and monocrystalline silicon wire cutting waste material Download PDFInfo
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- CN105174266B CN105174266B CN201510509638.2A CN201510509638A CN105174266B CN 105174266 B CN105174266 B CN 105174266B CN 201510509638 A CN201510509638 A CN 201510509638A CN 105174266 B CN105174266 B CN 105174266B
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Abstract
The minimizing technology of impurity iron in a kind of polysilicon and monocrystalline silicon wire cutting waste material, the method is utilized under alkaline condition is by the method removing iron therein after the silicon in polysilicon lines cutting waste material and silicon-carbide particle dispersion, then with magnetic separation, step：Cutting waste material is pre-processed first, polyglycol solution is removed, silicon and silicon carbide mixed-powder is obtained after drying；It adds in and adjusts pH value to 12~14 with certain density weak caustic solution, be put into ultrasonic wave after being stirred to react uniformly, make particle fully dispersed, magnetic separation repeatedly is carried out again, can make the iron of more than 90% removal, and the method technological process is simple, technological parameter is stablized, and removes iron with magnetic separation process, the operating time is short, it consumes energy low, it is pollution-free, it is efficient, it pollutes small, and after magnetic separation filtering, water can recycle, and realize zero-emission substantially.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of minimizing technologies of impurity iron in polysilicon and monocrystalline silicon wire cutting waste material.
Background technology
Solar energy is the most abundant energy that the current mankind can utilize, and it is excellent that it has many fossil energies that cannot reach
Point：Cleanliness without any pollution, reserves unlimitedness, there are generalities.So the development of solar photovoltaic industry had obtained very in recent years
The attention of multinational family, and the important component of polysilicon chip or monocrystalline silicon piece as solar photovoltaic battery component, yield
Also increasing year by year.The production process of silicon chip can substantially be divided into five steps：Purification process, pull-rod process, slicing processes, system
Cell process, encapsulation process.Wherein for slicing processes at present mostly using multi-line cutting process, which is the high speed by wire
It moves back and forth, is ground in using silicon carbide and polyethylene glycol as abrasive material, silicon ingot can be cut into hundreds of simultaneously by primary
Thin slice.The thickness of crystal silicon sheet is even more as thin as 100 μm probably at 180~220 μm at present, although the diameter of cutting steel wire
100~140 μm have been also reduced to, so the high-purity silicon powder for having at least more than 40% solar level is mixed into abrasive material, had both been made
Into the waste of silicon ingot, while also reduce the service life of silicon carbide abrasive slurry.
In monocrystalline silicon and polysilicon lines cutting waste material, about containing 25% HIGH-PURITY SILICON, 40% silicon carbide abrasive, 30%
Polyethylene glycol and water, also iron and some other impurity.A large amount of patent and technology are mainly in cutting waste material at present
The recycling of carborundum powder and silica flour, also polyethylene glycol, but it is very few for the removal research of impurity iron mixed in waste material, and
The content of impurity iron has also directly influenced the quality and recycling of recycling silica flour.The method for being mostly used pickling in existing research is gone
Except iron mixed in waste material, by experimental verification, if at normal temperatures, the hydrochloric acid of waste material and a concentration of 2mol/l be stirred to react
1h, the removal rate of iron also only have 20% or so, only improve reaction temperature to 70 degree or more, the removal rate of iron can be only achieved
85%.Simultaneously only in 2014,240,000 tons are reached for the polysilicon yield of solar cell, rough calculation generates waste material
Have 400,000 tons, if directly removing iron therein using the method for pickling, using to acid must pollute the environment.Institute
With although the method with pickling can remove iron, its technological operation is more demanding and complicated, and practicability is not very strong.
In conclusion iron, as metal impurities main in polycrystalline silicon cut waste, there is no a kind of simple maturations at present
Technology can efficiently remove iron therein.
Invention content
It is to be solved by this invention it is a key issue that removing monocrystalline silicon and polycrystalline using magnetic separation after pre-dispersed under alkaline condition
Impurity iron in silicon wire cutting waste material.
To achieve the above object, the present invention uses following technical scheme：
The minimizing technology of impurity iron, the method specifically include following step in a kind of polysilicon and monocrystalline silicon wire cutting waste material
Suddenly：
Step 1, the pretreatment of cutting waste material；
Step 2, separation and concentration silica flour；
Step 3 adjusts silicon powder particle surface pH value, and carries out the pre-dispersed of particle；
Step 4, magnetic separation；
Step 5, the filtering and drying of non magnetic Si-rich phase.
Further, the step 1 is specific as follows：
Water, liquid-solid ratio 4 are added in monocrystalline silicon and polysilicon lines cutting waste slurry:1, it stirs to remove polyethylene glycol,
After stirring 3~4 hours, it is filtered, filter cake is dried, the filter cake after drying is put into ball mill and grinds 10~30 minutes, obtains
To silicon and silicon carbide mixed-powder.
Further, the step 2 is specific as follows：
By silicon, silicon carbide powder and water with 5:1 ratio mixing, stirring stand 5h after 30 minutes, solution layering takes upper strata
Solution filtering drying obtains Si-rich phase powder.
Further, the step 3 is specific as follows：
Si-rich phase powder and water are with 6~10:It stirs evenly after 1 mixing, with the ammonia spirit containing 5%~15% ammonium salt, adjusts
PH value is saved to more than 12, continues stirring after ten minutes, is put into ultrasonic wave and carries out supersound process 40~60 minutes.
Further, the step 4 is specific as follows：
Si-rich phase solution after dispersion carries out magnetic separation 3 repeatedly with peristaltic pump with entering in concentration equipment for 50~80r/min
~5 times, magnetic powder and nonmagnetic Si-rich phase solution are obtained, magnetic powder return to step two is recycled into progress, to reduce silica flour
The loss of grain.
Further, the step 5 is specific as follows：
The pH value of non magnetic Si-rich phase solution is adjusted to 1~3 with the hydrochloric acid of a concentration of 2mol/l, and it is heavy that particle is reunited rapidly
It drops, after filtering drying, obtains the relatively low Si-rich phase powder of iron content.
Further, ammonium salt includes in the step 3：Ammonium tartrate, malic acid ammonium or ammonium oxalate.
Present invention advantageous effect possessed compared with prior art is：
（1）The technological process of the present invention is simple, and technological parameter is stablized, and iron is removed with magnetic separation process, and the operating time is short, energy consumption
It is low, it is pollution-free, it is efficient.
（2）When the present invention is using different pH, the zeta current potentials of particle surface are different, enable particle fully dispersed, with profit
In the progress of magnetic separation process, and the loss of silica flour caused by magnetic separation is relatively low, and iron contains in the magnetisable material that magnetic separation obtains
Amount is higher.
（3）Main separating medium used in the present invention is water, the chemistry used for adjusting micro mist surface potential in aqueous solution
Reagent is all common common acid or alkali, belongs to nontoxic reagent, therefore pollution is small, and after magnetic separation filtering, water can recycle
It uses, realizes zero-emission substantially.
（4）Technological process involved in the present invention can carry out at normal temperatures.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow chart of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, it is right
The present invention is explained in further detail.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is used only for explaining the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.
On the contrary, the present invention covers any replacement done in the spirit and scope of the present invention being defined by the claims, repaiies
Change, equivalent method and scheme.Further, in order to which the public is made to have a better understanding the present invention, below to the thin of the present invention
It is detailed to describe some specific detail sections in section description.Part without these details for a person skilled in the art
Description can also understand the present invention completely.Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings with specific embodiment, the present invention is further described.
As shown in Figure 1, in a kind of polysilicon and monocrystalline silicon wire cutting waste material impurity iron minimizing technology, the method utilize
After the silicon in polysilicon lines cutting waste material and silicon-carbide particle are disperseed under alkaline condition, then it is therein with the method removing of magnetic separation
Iron, the method specifically include following steps：
Step 1, the pretreatment of cutting waste material：
Water, liquid-solid ratio 4 are added in monocrystalline silicon and polysilicon lines cutting waste slurry:1, it stirs to remove polyethylene glycol,
After stirring 3~4 hours（The process can carry out at normal temperatures）, it is filtered（This process can be repeated 3 times so that polyethylene glycol is thorough
Bottom removes）, filter cake is dried, the filter cake after drying is put into ball mill and grinds 10~30 minutes, obtains silicon and silicon carbide mixing
Powder；
Step 2, separation and concentration silica flour：
The grain size of silicon-carbide particle is 10 microns, and the grain size of silicon particle is 1 microns, and the density of silicon carbide
More than silicon, so silica flour and carborundum powder are separated with the method for sedimentation, by silicon, silicon carbide powder and water with 5:1 ratio
Mixing, stirring stand 5h after 30 minutes, solution layering takes upper solution filtering drying to obtain Si-rich phase powder；
Step 3 adjusts silicon powder particle surface pH value, and carries out the pre-dispersed of particle：
Si-rich phase powder and water are with 6~10:It is stirred evenly after 1 mixing, with containing 5%~15% ammonium tartrate, malic acid ammonium
Or the ammonia spirit of the ammonium salts such as ammonium oxalate, pH value is adjusted to more than 12, is continued stirring after ten minutes, is put into ultrasonic wave and is surpassed
Sonication 40~60 minutes；
Step 4, magnetic separation：
Si-rich phase solution after dispersion carries out magnetic separation 3 repeatedly with peristaltic pump with entering in concentration equipment for 50~80r/min
~5 times, magnetic powder and nonmagnetic Si-rich phase solution are obtained.Magnetic powder part therein can be with return to step（2）Recycle into
Row, to reduce the loss of silicon powder particle；
Step 5, the filtering and drying of non magnetic Si-rich phase：
The pH value of non magnetic Si-rich phase solution is adjusted to 1~3 with the hydrochloric acid of a concentration of 2mol/l, and it is heavy that particle is reunited rapidly
It drops, after filtering drying, obtains the relatively low Si-rich phase powder of iron content.
The wire cutting waste material of analysis detection different manufacturers production, although the content of iron is not quite identical, basically reaches
More than 2.5%.Wire cutting has abrasion with steel wire in cutting process, these iron filings can be mixed into wire cutting waste material, is detaching
When being enriched with silica flour, the content of iron also further reaches more than 5%.These iron filings differ in size, and pass through scanning electron microscope and EDS
Energy spectrum analysis can see, in addition to and a small number of larger particles be self-existent, most of is all that tiny iron filings are more uniform
Disperse is in silicon powder particle or is sticked to surface.So except iron critical issue is the iron wrapped up in the grain and is adhered to table
The iron in face is fully dispersed to be opened, and so, ferromagnetic material could be fully applied to by the attraction in magnetic field.So the present invention carries
Going out first should be by means of when pH is more than 12, electrostatic repulsion be larger between particle, can be fully dispersed by particle, the grain of particle
Diameter is mostly 1 microns,, can not since particle is smaller and disperses after magnetic separation process in favor of the progress of magnetic separation process
It directly filters, the isoelectric pH value using silicon particle in non magnetic Si-rich phase solution is about 2 or so, and particle surface is almost at this time
It is not charged, so electrostatic repulsion between each particle is minimum, accelerated sedimentation after the particle of silicon can reunite.
【Embodiment 1】
Water, liquid-solid ratio 4 are added in monocrystalline silicon and polysilicon lines cutting waste slurry:1, it stirs to remove polyethylene glycol,
After stirring 3 hours（The process can carry out at normal temperatures）, it is filtered（This process can be repeated 3 times so that polyethylene glycol is thorough
Removal）, filter cake is dried.Filter cake after drying is put into ball mill and grinds 20 minutes, obtains silicon and silicon carbide mixed-powder.
By silicon, silicon carbide powder and water with 5:1 ratio mixing, stirring stand 5h after 30 minutes, solution layering takes upper strata
Solution filtering drying obtains Si-rich phase powder.Si-rich phase powder and water are with 10:It is stirred evenly after 1 mixing, with 6% ammonium tartrate
Ammonia spirit adjust pH value to 12, continue stirring after ten minutes, be put into ultrasonic wave and be ultrasonically treated 40 minutes.
Si-rich phase solution after dispersion carries out magnetic separation repeatedly 3 times with peristaltic pump with 50 revs/min enter in concentration equipment,
Magnetic powder and nonmagnetic Si-rich phase solution are obtained.Magnetic powder part therein can be with return to step（2）Cycle carries out, to subtract
The loss of few silicon powder particle.The pH value of non magnetic Si-rich phase solution is adjusted to 2 with the hydrochloric acid of a concentration of 2mol/l, and particle is rolled into a ball rapidly
Coagulation drops, and after filtering drying, obtains the relatively low Si-rich phase powder of iron content, the removal rate of iron reaches 90%.
【Embodiment 2】
Water, liquid-solid ratio 5 are added in monocrystalline silicon and polysilicon lines cutting waste slurry:1, it stirs to remove polyethylene glycol,
After stirring 3 hours（The process can carry out at normal temperatures）, it is filtered（This process can be repeated 3 times so that polyethylene glycol is thorough
Removal）, filter cake is dried.Filter cake after drying is put into ball mill and grinds 20 minutes, obtains silicon and silicon carbide mixed-powder.
By silicon, silicon carbide powder and water with 5:1 ratio mixing, stirring stand 5h after 30 minutes, solution layering takes upper strata
Solution filtering drying obtains Si-rich phase powder.Si-rich phase powder and water are with 8:It is stirred evenly after 1 mixing, with 15% ammonium citrate
Ammonia spirit adjust pH value to 13, continue stirring after ten minutes, be put into ultrasonic wave and be ultrasonically treated 40 minutes.
Si-rich phase solution after dispersion carries out magnetic separation repeatedly 3 times with peristaltic pump with 60 revs/min enter in concentration equipment,
Magnetic powder and nonmagnetic Si-rich phase solution are obtained.Magnetic powder part therein can be with return to step（2）Cycle carries out, to subtract
The loss of few silicon powder particle.The pH value of non magnetic Si-rich phase solution is adjusted to 2.5 with the hydrochloric acid of a concentration of 2mol/l, and particle is rapid
Reunite and settle, after filtering drying, obtain the relatively low Si-rich phase powder of iron content, the removal rate of iron reaches 91%.
【Embodiment 3】
Water, liquid-solid ratio 5 are added in monocrystalline silicon and polysilicon lines cutting waste slurry:1, it stirs to remove polyethylene glycol,
After stirring 3 hours（The process can carry out at normal temperatures）, it is filtered（This process can be repeated 3 times so that polyethylene glycol is thorough
Removal）, filter cake is dried.Filter cake after drying is put into ball mill and grinds 20 minutes, obtains silicon and silicon carbide mixed-powder.
By silicon, silicon carbide powder and water with 5:1 ratio mixing, stirring stand 5h after 30 minutes, solution layering takes upper strata
Solution filtering drying obtains Si-rich phase powder.Si-rich phase powder and water are with 9:It is stirred evenly after 1 mixing, with a concentration of 13% apple
The ammonia spirit of tartaric acid ammonium adjusts pH value to 13.5, continues stirring after ten minutes, is put into ultrasonic wave and carries out being ultrasonically treated 50 points
Clock.
Si-rich phase solution after dispersion carries out magnetic separation repeatedly 3 times with peristaltic pump with 70 revs/min enter in concentration equipment,
Magnetic powder and nonmagnetic Si-rich phase solution are obtained.Magnetic powder part therein can be with return to step（2）Cycle carries out, to subtract
The loss of few silicon powder particle.The pH value of non magnetic Si-rich phase solution is adjusted to 2.5 with the hydrochloric acid of a concentration of 2mol/l, and particle is rapid
Reunite and settle, after filtering drying, obtain the relatively low Si-rich phase powder of iron content, the removal rate of iron reaches 90%.
【Embodiment 4】
Water, liquid-solid ratio 5 are added in monocrystalline silicon and polysilicon lines cutting waste slurry:1, it stirs to remove polyethylene glycol,
After stirring 3 hours（The process can carry out at normal temperatures）, it is filtered（This process can be repeated 3 times so that polyethylene glycol is thorough
Removal）, filter cake is dried.Filter cake after drying is put into ball mill and grinds 20 minutes, obtains silicon and silicon carbide mixed-powder.
By silicon, silicon carbide powder and water with 5:1 ratio mixing, stirring stand 5h after 30 minutes, solution layering takes upper strata
Solution filtering drying obtains Si-rich phase powder.Si-rich phase powder and water are with 10:It is stirred evenly after 1 mixing, with a concentration of 12% grass
The ammonia spirit of sour ammonium adjusts pH value to 14, continues stirring after ten minutes, is put into ultrasonic wave and be ultrasonically treated 60 minutes.
Si-rich phase solution after dispersion carries out magnetic separation repeatedly 3 times with peristaltic pump with 80 revs/min enter in concentration equipment,
Magnetic powder and nonmagnetic Si-rich phase solution are obtained.Magnetic powder part therein can be with return to step（2）Cycle carries out, to subtract
The loss of few silicon powder particle.The pH value of non magnetic Si-rich phase solution is adjusted to 2.5 with the hydrochloric acid of a concentration of 2mol/l, and particle is rapid
Reunite and settle, after filtering drying, obtain the relatively low Si-rich phase powder of iron content, the removal rate of iron reaches 91%.
【Embodiment 5】
Water, liquid-solid ratio 5 are added in monocrystalline silicon and polysilicon lines cutting waste slurry:1, it stirs to remove polyethylene glycol,
After stirring 3 hours（The process can carry out at normal temperatures）, it is filtered（This process can be repeated 3 times so that polyethylene glycol is thorough
Removal）, filter cake is dried.Filter cake after drying is put into ball mill and grinds 20 minutes, obtains silicon and silicon carbide mixed-powder.
By silicon, silicon carbide powder and water with 5:1 ratio mixing, stirring stand 5h after 30 minutes, solution layering takes upper strata
Solution filtering drying obtains Si-rich phase powder.Si-rich phase powder and water are with 7:It is stirred evenly after 1 mixing, with a concentration of 8% winestone
The ammonia spirit of sour ammonium adjusts pH value to 12.5, continues stirring after ten minutes, is put into ultrasonic wave and be ultrasonically treated 60 minutes.
Si-rich phase solution after dispersion carries out magnetic separation repeatedly 3 times with peristaltic pump with 90 revs/min enter in concentration equipment,
Magnetic powder and nonmagnetic Si-rich phase solution are obtained.Magnetic powder part therein can be with return to step（2）Cycle carries out, to subtract
The loss of few silicon powder particle.The pH value of non magnetic Si-rich phase solution is adjusted to 2.5 with the hydrochloric acid of a concentration of 2mol/l, and particle is rapid
Reunite and settle, after filtering drying, obtain the relatively low Si-rich phase powder of iron content, the removal rate of iron reaches 92%.
Present invention advantageous effect possessed compared with prior art is：
（1）The technological process of the present invention is simple, and technological parameter is stablized, and iron is removed with magnetic separation process, and the operating time is short, energy consumption
It is low, it is pollution-free, it is efficient.
（2）When the present invention is using different pH, the zeta current potentials of particle surface are different, enable particle fully dispersed, with profit
In the progress of magnetic separation process, and the loss of silica flour caused by magnetic separation is relatively low, and iron contains in the magnetisable material that magnetic separation obtains
Amount is higher.
（3）Main separating medium used in the present invention is water, the chemistry used for adjusting micro mist surface potential in aqueous solution
Reagent is all common common acid or alkali, belongs to nontoxic reagent, therefore pollution is small, and after magnetic separation filtering, water can recycle
It uses, realizes zero-emission substantially.
（4）Technological process involved in the present invention can carry out at normal temperatures.
Claims (4)
1. the minimizing technology of impurity iron in a kind of polysilicon and monocrystalline silicon wire cutting waste material, which is characterized in that the method is specific
Include the following steps：
Step 1, the pretreatment of cutting waste material；
Step 2, separation and concentration silica flour；
Step 3 adjusts silicon powder particle surface pH value, and carries out the pre-dispersed of particle；
Step 4, magnetic separation；
Step 5, the filtering and drying of non magnetic Si-rich phase；
The step 3 is specific as follows：
Si-rich phase powder and water are with 6~10:It stirs evenly after 1 mixing, with the ammonia spirit containing 5%~15% ammonium salt, adjusts
PH value continues stirring after ten minutes, is put into ultrasonic wave and carries out supersound process 40~60 minutes to more than 12；In the step 3
Ammonium salt includes：Ammonium tartrate, malic acid ammonium or ammonium oxalate；
The step 4 is specific as follows：
Si-rich phase solution after dispersion carries out magnetic separation 3~5 repeatedly with peristaltic pump with entering in concentration equipment for 50~80r/min
It is secondary, magnetic powder and nonmagnetic Si-rich phase solution are obtained, magnetic powder return to step two is recycled into progress, to reduce silicon powder particle
Loss.
2. the minimizing technology of impurity iron, feature exist in the polysilicon and monocrystalline silicon wire cutting waste material according to claim 1
In the step 1 is specific as follows：
Water, liquid-solid ratio 4 are added in monocrystalline silicon and polysilicon lines cutting waste slurry:1, it stirs to remove polyethylene glycol, stirring 3
After~4 hours, be filtered, filter cake dried, the filter cake after drying is put into ball mill and grinds 10~30 minutes, obtain silicon and
Silicon carbide mixed-powder.
3. the minimizing technology of impurity iron, feature exist in the polysilicon and monocrystalline silicon wire cutting waste material according to claim 1
In the step 2 is specific as follows：
By silicon, silicon carbide powder and water with 5:1 ratio mixing, stirring stand 5h after 30 minutes, solution layering takes upper solution
Filtering drying obtains Si-rich phase powder.
4. the minimizing technology of impurity iron, feature exist in the polysilicon and monocrystalline silicon wire cutting waste material according to claim 1
In the step 5 is specific as follows：
The pH value of non magnetic Si-rich phase solution is adjusted to 1~3 with the hydrochloric acid of a concentration of 2mol/l, and particle is reunited rapidly sedimentation, mistake
After filter drying, the relatively low Si-rich phase powder of iron content is obtained.
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| CN106395829A (en) * | 2016-09-12 | 2017-02-15 | 江西赛维Ldk太阳能高科技有限公司 | Silicon powder treatment method and applications |
| CN107487773A (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2017-12-19 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Handle the method and system of silicon materials cutting disposed slurry |
| CN113582185B (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2022-08-23 | 长沙新立硅材料科技有限公司 | Method for preparing solar-grade silicon raw material by using silicon mud waste |
| CN114275797B (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2023-08-01 | 贵州省化工研究院 | Method and device for separating fluorine and silicon elements by preprocessing ammonium fluosilicate through medium grinding |
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| CN102275930A (en) * | 2011-05-05 | 2011-12-14 | 王楚雯 | Recycling method for silicon powder |
| CN102626954A (en) * | 2012-02-14 | 2012-08-08 | 上海五同机械制造有限公司 | Silicon wafer cutting method and cut scrap recycling method |
| CN102659112A (en) * | 2012-05-23 | 2012-09-12 | 北京科技大学 | Method for recovering silicon powder from monocrystalline and polycrystalline silicon cutting wastes by utilizing potential adjustment centrifugal process |
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| CN102275930A (en) * | 2011-05-05 | 2011-12-14 | 王楚雯 | Recycling method for silicon powder |
| CN102626954A (en) * | 2012-02-14 | 2012-08-08 | 上海五同机械制造有限公司 | Silicon wafer cutting method and cut scrap recycling method |
| CN102659112A (en) * | 2012-05-23 | 2012-09-12 | 北京科技大学 | Method for recovering silicon powder from monocrystalline and polycrystalline silicon cutting wastes by utilizing potential adjustment centrifugal process |
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