CN105158788A - Open-loop type method for measuring effective decay constant and radon exhalation rate synchronously - Google Patents
Open-loop type method for measuring effective decay constant and radon exhalation rate synchronously Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an open-loop type method for measuring an effective decay constant and a radon exhalation rate synchronously. The method comprises a measurement process and a calculation process, analyzes radon concentration ascending curve data in a radon collection cover collecting chamber, corrects the existing calculation methods, and can obtain accurate radon exhalation rate through simple calculation. During the measurement process, the radon concentration is measured at short time interval, namely is measured every 2-10 minutes, and is measured for n periods till the radon concentration in the radon collection cover collecting chamber trends to be a constant value. During the calculation process, the radon concentration data of n periods obtained through measurement is defined as the radon concentration of the midpoint of the n periods, and a formula (7) is adopted for non-linear data fitting, thus the radon exhalation rate and the effective decay constant can be obtained synchronously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to method, the particularly a kind of method of open loop type synchro measure Effective Decay Constant and precipitation rate of radon that nuclear radiation detection technical field measures precipitation rate of radon.
Background technology
In air ambient, radon mainly comes from the precipitation of dielectric surface, and the main method of measuring media surface precipitation rate of radon has accumulative, open loop type and active carbon adsorption etc.Active carbon adsorption utilizes activated charcoal to separating out the absorption of radon, carries out measurement obtain precipitation rate of radon by the γ spectrum produced the radon decay be adsorbed in activated charcoal, and the method Measuring Time is long, not easily realize robotization; Accumulative is mainly used for measuring the average radon eduction rate in a period of time, has important statistical significance and reference value, but the change of not easily continuous monitoring precipitation rate of radon.
Open loop type radon release rate method utilizes pump outside air initiatively to be introduced collection radon cover collecting chamber, then by sending into the measurement chamber of static collection emanometer after a little drying tube, measures the concentration of the Radon of drawing from collection radon cover collecting chamber.The method that traditional open loop type measures precipitation rate of radon all have ignored the impact of Effective Decay Constant, but research shows: when the ventilation rate collecting radon cover collecting chamber do not meet be far longer than Effective Decay Constant time, measuring error is larger.Also method is had to utilize twice measurement to obtain Effective Decay Constant at present, but more complicated.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiency of prior art and a kind of method of open loop type synchro measure Effective Decay Constant and precipitation rate of radon is provided.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of method of open loop type synchro measure Effective Decay Constant and precipitation rate of radon, comprise measuring process and computation process, by collecting indoor radon concentration upcurve data analysis to collection radon cover, existing computing method are revised, and carries out the precipitation rate of radon more accurately that simple computation just can obtain.Its concrete operations are as follows:
One, measuring process:
Opening collection radon cover is buckled on the surface of testing medium, or testing medium is loaded in airtight collection radon cover collecting chamber, because the radon atom in testing medium is under diffusion with seepage effect, effusion surface enters collection radon cover collecting chamber, collection radon cover is caused to collect indoor radon concentration change, pump always with constant flow rate by the air intake opening suction collection radon cover collecting chamber of the air in the external world from collection radon cover, after mixing with the air in collection radon cover collecting chamber, drying tube is pumped into again from the gas outlet of collection radon cover, then the measurement chamber of static collection emanometer is sent into, flow velocity 0.5-15 liter/min, the radon consistence that emanometer is measured in chamber balances with the radon consistence in collection radon cover collecting chamber, flowmeter is used for measuring flow.
Measuring process adopts shorter time interval measurement, both within 2-10 minute, measures once, measures n cycle until the radon consistence in collection radon cover collecting chamber is tending towards steady state value.
Two, computation process:
Because the flow rate of pump is comparatively large, the radon consistence that static collection emanometer is measured in chamber is equal with the radon consistence in collection radon cover collecting chamber, and outside ambient air radon consistence is very low, can be approximated to be 0.
The radon consistence C(t in chamber measured by static collection emanometer) be:
(1)
J is measured medium surface precipitation rate of radon; S is the floorage of collection radon cover collecting chamber, and square measure is cm
2; V is collection radon cover collecting chamber volume, and volume unit is for rising; L is the flow rate of pump;
for Effective Decay Constant, comprise the disintegration constant of radon
, the leadage coefficient of Indoor Niton collected by collection radon cover
with antidiffusion coefficient
; T is the time of collection radon.
When
time, and when the radon consistence in collection radon cover collecting chamber is tending towards steady state value, namely
, precipitation rate of radon just can be obtained by formula (1) change:
(2)
Formula (2) is exactly traditional open loop type radon release rate method.
Formula (1) can be rewritten as:
（3）
The solution of formula (3) is:
（4）
For static collection emanometer, its actual measurement be the concentration of Po-218 that radon decay produces, for the concentration C of Po-218
pot () has:
(5)
Formula (4) is brought into formula (5) to obtain:
（6）
The concentration of initial p o-218 is 0, and the solution of formula (6) is:
（7）
The radon consistence data measuring n the cycle obtained are defined as the radon consistence of n cycle mid point, recycling formula (7) carries out nonlinear data fitting, just can synchronously obtain precipitation rate of radon and Effective Decay Constant.
The measurement mechanism that said method adopts forms by collecting radon cover, pump, drying tube, static collection emanometer and flowmeter, the gas outlet joint of collection radon cover is connected with the air intake opening of pump by pipeline, the gas outlet of pump is connected with drying tube by pipeline, the air intake opening that the other end of drying tube measures chamber by pipeline and static collection emanometer is connected, the gas outlet that chamber measured by static collection emanometer is connected with the air intake opening of flowmeter by pipeline, and the gas outlet of flowmeter is communicated with outside air by pipeline.
Collection radon cover comprises opening collection radon cover and airtight collection radon cover.
Opening collection radon cover is the rectangular vessel of a bottom end opening, and the top board of opening collection radon cover is provided with air inlet connections, and its side plate is provided with gas outlet joint.
Airtight collection radon cover comprises rectangular vessel and the seal pad of a bottom end opening, the top board of rectangular vessel is provided with air inlet connections, its side plate is provided with gas outlet joint, and seal pad adopts screw to connect with the openend of rectangular vessel, is closed by the openend of seal pad by rectangular vessel.
The present invention compared with prior art has following features:
Compared with the method that the present invention and traditional open loop type measure precipitation rate of radon, by collecting indoor radon concentration upcurve data analysis to collection radon cover, existing computing method are revised, and carry out the precipitation rate of radon more accurately that simple computation just can obtain, simply, result is accurate for measuring process and computing method.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, detailed construction of the present invention is further described.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is schematic diagram when adopting opening collection radon cover to measure, and in figure, P1 is air inlet, and P2 is air inlet;
Accompanying drawing 2 is schematic diagram when adopting airtight collection radon cover to measure, and in figure, P1 is air inlet, and P2 is air inlet.
Embodiment
Embodiment one, as shown in Figure 1, a kind of method of open loop type synchro measure Effective Decay Constant and precipitation rate of radon, comprise measuring process and computation process, by collecting indoor radon concentration upcurve data analysis to collection radon cover, existing computing method are revised, and carries out the precipitation rate of radon more accurately that simple computation just can obtain.Its concrete operations are as follows:
One, measuring process:
Opening collection radon cover 1 is buckled on the surface of testing medium 6, because the radon atom in testing medium 6 is under diffusion with seepage effect, effusion surface enters opening collection radon cover 1 collecting chamber, opening collection radon cover 1 is caused to collect indoor radon concentration change, pump 2 always with constant flow rate by the air intake opening suction opening collection radon cover collecting chamber of the air in the external world from opening collection radon cover, after mixing with the air in opening collection radon cover 1 collecting chamber, drying tube 3 is pumped into again from the gas outlet of opening collection radon cover 1, then the measurement chamber of static collection emanometer 4 is sent into, flow velocity 0.5-15 liter/min, emanometer 4 is made to measure the radon consistence in chamber and the radon consistence in opening collection radon cover 1 collecting chamber balances, flowmeter 5 is used for measuring flow.
Measuring process adopts shorter time interval measurement, both within 2-10 minute, measures once, and measures n cycle until the radon consistence in opening collection radon cover collecting chamber is tending towards steady state value.
Two, computation process:
Because the flow rate of pump 2 is comparatively large, the radon consistence that static collection emanometer 4 is measured in chamber is equal with the radon consistence in opening collection radon cover 1 collecting chamber, and outside ambient air radon consistence is very low, can be approximated to be 0.
The radon consistence C(t in chamber measured by static collection emanometer 4) be:
(1)
J is measured medium surface precipitation rate of radon; S is the floorage of opening collection radon cover 1 collecting chamber, and square measure is cm
2; V is opening collection radon cover 1 collecting chamber volume, and volume unit is for rising; L is the flow rate of pump;
for Effective Decay Constant, comprise the disintegration constant of radon
, the leadage coefficient of Indoor Niton collected by opening collection radon cover 1
with antidiffusion coefficient
; T is the time of collection radon.
When
time, and when the radon consistence in opening collection radon cover 1 collecting chamber is tending towards steady state value, namely
, precipitation rate of radon just can be obtained by formula (1) change:
(2)
Formula (2) is exactly traditional open loop type radon release rate method.
Formula (1) can be rewritten as:
（3）
The solution of formula (3) is:
（4）
For static collection emanometer 4, its actual measurement be the concentration of Po-218 that radon decay produces, for the concentration C of Po-218
pot () has:
(5)
Formula (4) is brought into formula (5) to obtain:
（6）
The concentration of initial p o-218 is 0, and the solution of formula (6) is:
（7）
The radon consistence data measuring n the cycle obtained are defined as the radon consistence of n cycle mid point, recycling formula (7) carries out nonlinear data fitting, just can synchronously obtain precipitation rate of radon and Effective Decay Constant.
The measurement mechanism that said method adopts is made up of opening collection radon cover 1, pump 2, drying tube 3, static collection emanometer 4 and flowmeter 5, the gas outlet joint of opening collection radon cover 1 is connected by the air intake opening of pipeline with pump 2, the gas outlet of pump 2 is connected with drying tube 3 by pipeline, the air intake opening that the other end of drying tube 3 measures chamber by pipeline and static collection emanometer 4 is connected, the gas outlet that chamber measured by static collection emanometer 4 is connected by the air intake opening of pipeline with flowmeter 5, and the gas outlet of flowmeter 5 is communicated with outside air by pipeline.
Opening collection radon cover 1 is the rectangular vessel of a bottom end opening, and the top board of opening collection radon cover is provided with air inlet connections 1-2, and its side plate is provided with gas outlet joint 1-1.
Embodiment two, as shown in Figure 2, a kind of method of open loop type synchro measure Effective Decay Constant and precipitation rate of radon, comprise measuring process and computation process, by collecting indoor radon concentration upcurve data analysis to collection radon cover, existing computing method are revised, and carries out the precipitation rate of radon more accurately that simple computation just can obtain.Its concrete operations are as follows:
One, measuring process:
Testing medium 8 is loaded in airtight collection radon cover 7 collecting chamber, because the radon atom in testing medium 8 is under diffusion with seepage effect, effusion surface enters airtight collection radon cover 7 collecting chamber, airtight collection radon cover 7 is caused to collect indoor radon concentration change, pump 2 always with constant flow rate by air intake opening suction airtight collection radon cover 7 collecting chamber of the air in the external world from airtight collection radon cover 7, after mixing with the air in airtight collection radon cover collecting chamber, drying tube 3 is pumped into again from the gas outlet of airtight collection radon cover 7, then the measurement chamber of static collection emanometer 4 is sent into, flow velocity 0.5-15 liter/min, emanometer 4 is made to measure the radon consistence in chamber and the radon consistence in airtight collection radon cover 7 collecting chamber balances, flowmeter 5 is used for measuring flow.
Measuring process adopts shorter time interval measurement, both within 2-10 minute, measures once, measures n cycle until the radon consistence in collection radon cover collecting chamber is tending towards steady state value.
Two, computation process:
Because the flow rate of pump 2 is comparatively large, the radon consistence that static collection emanometer 4 is measured in chamber is equal with the radon consistence in airtight collection radon cover 7 collecting chamber, and outside ambient air radon consistence is very low, can be approximated to be 0.
The radon consistence C(t in chamber measured by static collection emanometer 4) be:
(1)
J is measured medium surface precipitation rate of radon; S is the floorage of airtight collection radon cover 7 collecting chamber, and square measure is cm
2; V is airtight collection radon cover 7 collecting chamber volume, and volume unit is for rising; L is the flow rate of pump;
for Effective Decay Constant, comprise the disintegration constant of radon
, the leadage coefficient of Indoor Niton collected by airtight collection radon cover 7
with antidiffusion coefficient
; T is the time of collection radon.
When
time, and when the radon consistence in airtight collection radon cover 7 collecting chamber is tending towards steady state value, namely
, precipitation rate of radon just can be obtained by formula (1) change:
(2)
Formula (2) is exactly traditional open loop type radon release rate method.
Formula (1) can be rewritten as:
（3）
The solution of formula (3) is:
（4）
For static collection emanometer 4, its actual measurement be the concentration of Po-218 that radon decay produces, for the concentration C of Po-218
pot () has:
(5)
Formula (4) is brought into formula (5) to obtain:
（6）
The concentration of initial p o-218 is 0, and the solution of formula (6) is:
（7）
The radon consistence data measuring n the cycle obtained are defined as the radon consistence of n cycle mid point, recycling formula (7) carries out nonlinear data fitting, just can synchronously obtain precipitation rate of radon and Effective Decay Constant.
The measurement mechanism that said method adopts is made up of airtight collection radon cover 7, pump 2, drying tube 3, static collection emanometer 4 and flowmeter 5, the gas outlet joint 7-1-1 of airtight collection radon cover 7 is connected by the air intake opening of pipeline with pump 2, the gas outlet of pump 2 is connected with drying tube 3 by pipeline, the air intake opening that the other end of drying tube 3 measures chamber by pipeline and static collection emanometer 4 is connected, the gas outlet that chamber measured by static collection emanometer 4 is connected by the air intake opening of pipeline with flowmeter 4, and the gas outlet of flowmeter 4 is communicated with outside air by pipeline.
Airtight collection radon cover 7 comprises rectangular vessel 7-1 and the seal pad 7-2 of a bottom end opening, the top board of rectangular vessel 7-1 is provided with air inlet connections 7-1-2, its side plate is provided with gas outlet joint 7-1-1, seal pad 7-2 adopts screw to be connected with the openend of rectangular vessel 7-1, is closed by the openend of rectangular vessel 7-1 by seal pad 7-2.
Claims (1)
1. the method for an open loop type synchro measure Effective Decay Constant and precipitation rate of radon, comprise measuring process and computation process, by collecting indoor radon concentration upcurve data analysis to collection radon cover, existing computing method are revised, and carries out the precipitation rate of radon more accurately that simple computation just can obtain; Its concrete operations are as follows:
One, measuring process:
Opening collection radon cover is buckled on the surface of testing medium, or testing medium is loaded in airtight collection radon cover collecting chamber, because the radon atom in testing medium is under diffusion with seepage effect, effusion surface enters collection radon cover collecting chamber, collection radon cover is caused to collect indoor radon concentration change, pump always with constant flow rate by the air intake opening suction collection radon cover collecting chamber of the air in the external world from collection radon cover, after mixing with the air in collection radon cover collecting chamber, drying tube is pumped into again from the gas outlet of collection radon cover, then the measurement chamber of static collection emanometer is sent into, flow velocity 0.5-15 liter/min, the radon consistence that emanometer is measured in chamber balances with the radon consistence in collection radon cover collecting chamber, flowmeter is used for measuring flow,
Measuring process adopts shorter time interval measurement, both within 2-10 minute, measures once, measures n cycle until the radon consistence in collection radon cover collecting chamber is tending towards steady state value;
Two, computation process:
Because the flow rate of pump is comparatively large, the radon consistence that static collection emanometer is measured in chamber is equal with the radon consistence in collection radon cover collecting chamber, and outside ambient air radon consistence is very low, can be approximated to be 0;
The radon consistence C(t in chamber measured by static collection emanometer) be:
(1)
J is measured medium surface precipitation rate of radon; S is the floorage of collection radon cover collecting chamber, and square measure is cm
2; V is collection radon cover collecting chamber volume, and volume unit is for rising; L is the flow rate of pump;
for Effective Decay Constant, comprise the disintegration constant of radon
, the leadage coefficient of Indoor Niton collected by collection radon cover
with antidiffusion coefficient
; T is the time of collection radon;
When
time, and when the radon consistence in collection radon cover collecting chamber is tending towards steady state value, namely
, precipitation rate of radon just can be obtained by formula (1) change:
(2)
It is characterized in that: formula (1) can be rewritten as:
（3）
The solution of formula (3) is:
（4）
For static collection emanometer, its actual measurement be the concentration of Po-218 that radon decay produces, for the concentration C of Po-218
pot () has:
(5)
Formula (4) is brought into formula (5) to obtain:
（6）
The concentration of initial p o-218 is 0, and the solution of formula (6) is:
（7）
The radon consistence data measuring n the cycle obtained are defined as the radon consistence of n cycle mid point, recycling formula (7) carries out nonlinear data fitting, just can synchronously obtain precipitation rate of radon and Effective Decay Constant.
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