A kind of heavy soil soil conditioner and its continuous steaming pressure device and method
Technical field
The invention belongs to soil conditioning recovery technique field, and in particular to a kind of heavy soil soil conditioner, further relate to
The continuous steaming pressure device and method of the soil conditioner stated.
Background technology
The farmland of China some areas is more, and this kind of soil permeability is poor based on heavy soil, heats up slow, for vegetable
Forcing culture, ealy maturing culture and the cultivation of fruit tree of the crops such as dish are unfavorable.Someone once used flyash improved soil structure and carried
The research of the crop yields such as grain vegetables high, but use single flyash its effect not notable, flyash it is physical
Matter is similar to sandy loam, can improve the structure of clay, after its amount of application exceedes certain comparing, by the pH of the flyash of leaching
Value, salinity and potential toxicity are below dry ash, and height applies ash quantity can influence the pH value of soil, raise soil pH value, reduce soil
The validity of many nutrients such as iron, zinc, copper, manganese and phosphorus in earth, causes to lack these nutrients in crop;And have
Flyash in boron, selenium, molybdenum, nickel equal size it is higher, plant growth can be had adverse effect on;If it is higher to apply ash quantity, right
It is unobvious in the improved effect of heavy soil soil.
In addition, the treatment existing steam pressure device of soil conditioner generally comprises pressure measuring cylinder, and positioned at pressure measuring cylinder two ends
Lid opens the lid of one end, it is necessary to when feeding, during material put into pressure measuring cylinder, then steam pressure, during discharging, then to pressure
Cylinder pressure release, because venting duration is more long, and can not continuously produce in pressure leak process, cause inefficiency, especially for
Reaction time material long, has had a strong impact on the normal operation of other operations, hence it is evident that reduce production efficiency, and above-mentioned interruption
The steam pressure device of formula is finished because its interruption pressure release, pressurization cause that the pressure in steam pressure device discharges substantially, and pressure loss is huge,
Efficiency of energy utilization is low, and cost remains high.
Accordingly, it would be desirable to be directed to above-mentioned soil, design is a kind of to be suitable to the conditioner of heavy soil soil, to improve heavy soil soil
The structure of earth, improves its permeability, increases the yield of crop, in addition it is also necessary to be improved for above-mentioned device, designs a kind of energy
The device of enough continuous steam pressures, improve production efficiency and energy utilization rate.
The content of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, heavy soil soil can be effectively improved the invention provides one kind, improve soil
Earth micro-ecological environment, eliminates the heavy soil soil conditioner of soil disease microorganism.
Present invention also offers the continuous steaming pressure device and method of above-mentioned soil conditioner;
Heavy soil soil conditioner of the invention, including following portions by weight component:
Flyash 8-18
Plant ash 10-17
Peat 8-16
Furfural dregs 10-22
Humic acid 16-25
Perlite 8-15
Vermiculite power 6-15
Diatomite: 3-10
Feldspar in powder: 3-12
Trace element: 0.2-1.5.
Preferably, heavy soil soil conditioner of the invention includes the component of following portions by weight:
Flyash 10-12
Plant ash 12-15
Peat 10-12
Furfural dregs 15-17
Humic acid 20-22
Perlite 10-12
Vermiculite power 8-10
Diatomite: 5-7
Feldspar in powder: 6-8
Trace element: 0.5-1.
It is furthermore preferred that heavy soil soil conditioner of the invention includes the component of following portions by weight:
Flyash 11.16
Plant ash 13.42
Peat 11.27
Furfural dregs 16.38
Humic acid 21.45
Perlite 11.34
Vermiculite power 9.15
Diatomite: 6.19
Feldspar in powder: 7.24
Trace element: 0.88.
As a modification of the present invention, complex micro organism fungicide is combined in the present invention, collective effect is in heavy soil soil
Earth, the heavy soil soil conditioner after improvement includes the component of following portions by weight:
Flyash 8-18
Plant ash 10-17
Peat 8-16
Furfural dregs 10-22
Humic acid 16-25
Perlite 8-15
Vermiculite power 6-15
Diatomite 3-10
Feldspar in powder 3-12
Micro- 0.2-1.5
Complex micro organism fungicide 0.5-3.0
Trace element is:In boric acid, borax, ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, copper sulphate, manganese sulfate, ammonium molybdate at least one
Kind;
Complex micro organism fungicide is phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium, Pichia yeast, pseudomonas aeruginosa, Trichoderma aureoviride institute
The composite bacteria agent of composition;Described phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium, Pichia yeast, pseudomonas aeruginosa, the weight of Trichoderma aureoviride
Amount is than being 1~4:1~2:1~3:1~2;
Wherein phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium 1~3 × 108Cfu/g, Pichia yeast 0.5~2 × 108Cfu/g, verdigris
Pseudomonad 0.5~1 × 108Cfu/g, Trichoderma aureoviride 0.5~1.5 × 108cfu/g。
Preferably, heavy soil soil conditioner includes the component of following portions by weight:
Flyash 11.16
Plant ash 13.42
Peat 11.27
Furfural dregs 16.38
Humic acid 21.45
Perlite 11.34
Vermiculite power 9.15
Diatomite 6.19
Feldspar in powder 7.24
Trace element 0.88
Complex micro organism fungicide 2.46
Complex micro organism fungicide is phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium, Pichia yeast, pseudomonas aeruginosa, Trichoderma aureoviride institute
The composite bacteria agent of composition;Described phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium, Pichia yeast, pseudomonas aeruginosa, the weight of Trichoderma aureoviride
Amount is than being 3:1:2:1;
Wherein phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium 2.4 × 108Cfu/g, Pichia yeast 1.4 × 108Cfu/g, pseudomonas aeruginosa
0.75×108Cfu/g, Trichoderma aureoviride 1..2 × 108cfu/g。
In above-mentioned heavy soil soil conditioner, the preparation method of complex micro organism fungicide is as follows:
Phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium:Phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium strain is inoculated into disinfection fermentation tank, fermented and cultured
Base is:Corn flour 0.2-0.8%, beef extract 0.01-0.06%, bean cake powder 0.2-0.8%, soluble starch 0.1-0.4%, phosphorus
Sour hydrogen dipotassium 0.2-0.8%, calcium chloride 0.1-0.5%, magnesium sulfate 0.05-0.15%, manganese sulfate 0.006-0.012%, pH6.8-
7.2, fermentation condition:Ventilation ratio is initiated with 0.9-1.1:0.5,35-40 DEG C of cultivation temperature, agitation revolution 100-200rpm, dissolved oxygen
30% is not less than, pH value is not less than 6.5,6-8 hour of stir culture, obtains zymotic fluid, adds disodium hydrogen phosphate and calcium chloride
Flocculation, bacterium mud, 45-50 DEG C of forced air drying of bacterium mud to water content 25-35%, rotation are obtained after the completion of flocculation using plate compression mode
Wind is crushed during pulverizer is put into after separating, and is crossed 30 mesh sieves and is obtained fixed nitrogen bacillus megaterium bacterium powder;Fixed nitrogen bacillus megaterium bacterium powder
Middle viable bacteria content 1~3 × 108cfu/g;
Pichia yeast:Pichia yeast strain is inoculated into disinfection fermentation tank, fermentation medium is:Solubility is formed sediment
Powder 0.8%-1.5%, glucose 0.1%-0.5%, beef extract 1.0%-2.5%, yeast extract 0.02%-0.06%, sodium chloride 0.2%-
0.6%, pH:4.5-6.0, fermentation condition:25-30 DEG C of cultivation temperature, agitation revolution 120-200 rpm, pH value is 4.0-5.0, is stirred
Culture 24-30 h are mixed, zymotic fluid is obtained and is added disodium hydrogen phosphate and calcium chloride flocculation, plate compression mode is used after the completion of flocculation
Bacterium mud is obtained, 45-50 DEG C of forced air drying of bacterium mud to water content 25-35%, cyclonic separation bacterium powder is put into crushing, mistake in pulverizer
30 mesh sieves obtain bacterium powder;
Pseudomonas aeruginosa:Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain is inoculated into disinfection fermentation tank, fermentation medium is:Albumen
Peptone 0.2-0.8%, yeast extract 0.01-0.06%, agar 0.2-0.8%, dregs of beans 0.1-0.4%, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.2-0.8%,
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1-0.5%, magnesium sulfate 0.05-0.15%, manganese sulfate 0.006-0.012%, pH6.8-7.2, fermentation condition:It is logical
Gas ratio is initiated with 0.9-1.1:0.5,35-40 DEG C of cultivation temperature, agitation revolution 100-200rpm, dissolved oxygen is not less than 30%, pH value
6.5 are not less than, 6-8 hour of stir culture, zymotic fluid are obtained and is added disodium hydrogen phosphate and calcium chloride flocculation, adopted after the completion of flocculation
Bacterium mud is obtained with plate compression mode, 45-50 DEG C of forced air drying of bacterium mud is put into crushing to water content 25-35%, after cyclonic separation
Crushed in machine, cross 30 mesh sieves and obtain pseudomonas aeruginosa bacterium powder;
Trichoderma aureoviride:Its cultural method is flat band method, and the conidium of bacterial strain is diluted into X × 105-106/ ml, uniformly
It is coated on PDA plate, puts 26 DEG C of insulating box cultures 5 days, produces a large amount of conidiums;
The cultural method of spore turns solid biphasic culture method for liquid during production, and conidium liquid is transferred into the training of PD liquid
In foster base, shaken cultivation 2-4 days, then according to 1:The part by weight of 6-10 uniformly mixes with the rice bran or wheat bran of sterilizing, is placed on
In stainless steel mesh screen by limewash or ozonization, the plastic sheeting of sterilization is covered above, be placed in 22-30 DEG C of indoor training
After supporting 3-5 days, plastic sheeting is opened, produce spore 3-5 days;Collected together with compost, dried, crushed, packaging, storage.
Continuous steaming pressure device of the invention, including pressure measuring cylinder, also including feeding warehouse and discharging bin, bottom and the pressure of feeding warehouse
One end of power cylinder is connected, and discharging bin is connected with the other end of pressure measuring cylinder;There are pusher, pressure measuring cylinder and pressure inside pressure measuring cylinder
Power feedway is connected;There are multiple valve bodies in feeding warehouse and discharging bin.
There are 4 valve bodies being arranged in order from top to bottom in feeding warehouse, feeding warehouse is divided into a, b, c, d, e successively from bottom to up
, there is relief tube in five feed bin unit regions between two feed bin units of d, e, there is check valve on relief tube.
There are 4 valve bodies being arranged in order from top to bottom in discharging bin, discharging bin is divided into x, y, z, w, v from top to bottom
, there is relief tube in five feed bin unit regions between two feed bin units of w, v, there is check valve on relief tube.
Pressure supply unit is steam pipe, and steam pipe can be in spot distribution on pressure measuring cylinder, and steam pipe can also be divided into
Multiple branch roads are connected with pressure measuring cylinder.
Pusher is auger.
There is emergency pressure relief valve on pressure measuring cylinder.
Pressure measuring cylinder is higher than discharging opening with the inclination angle that horizontal line is in 0.1-30 °, pressure measuring cylinder in the position near charging aperture
Position, i.e. pressure measuring cylinder incline direction inclines gradually downward by charging aperture towards discharging opening.
Feeding warehouse is vertical cylindrical shape, and feeding warehouse bottom is inverted truncated cone-shaped, position corresponding with feeding warehouse on pressure measuring cylinder
There is charging aperture at the place of putting;
Discharging bin is vertical cylindrical shape, and discharging bin top is truncated cone-shaped;Have with discharging bin opposite position on pressure measuring cylinder
Discharging opening.
Continuous steam pressure method of the invention includes following steps:
Material is first filled up into pressure cylinder and feeding warehouse, and closes whole valves;Injected in pressure measuring cylinder by steam pipe
High-pressure water vapor, when in the cylinder of pressure measuring cylinder material reach condition of work after start timing, after reaching the reaction time, open a, b
Between valve body and x, y valve body between two valve bodies, while start pressure measuring cylinder cylinder in auger cause thing in feeding warehouse a areas unit
Material slowly enters cylinder, while material falls into the feed bin unit in a areas in feeding warehouse b areas unit, makes the x areas feed bin unit of discharging bin
Material enters y areas feed bin unit in domain, and the material in pressure cylinder enters the x areas feed bin unit of discharging bin, and this process terminates
Afterwards, the valve body between a, b and x, y between is closed;Then feeding warehouse to material feeding in upper level feed bin unit and closes feed bin step by step
Unit, until top feed bin unit;
Feeding warehouse top e areas supplies of unit enter d areas unit when, now the d areas unit of feeding warehouse be hole capital after selling all securities, and keep and
The equal pressure of pressure measuring cylinder cylinder, needs first carry out d areas unit pressure release treatment, and operation is valve between valve body 2 and c, d between d, e
Body is closed, and air pressure is slowly leaked into e areas unit by the check valve opened on relief tube, and pressure release opens valve body between d, e after finishing
E areas supplies of unit is fallen into d areas unit, complete feeding warehouse fill process.
In continuous steaming pressure device of the invention, there are multiple valve bodies in feeding warehouse and discharging bin, material uses gravity bar
Part freely falling body mode is conveyed between feed bin multiple unit, and multiple valve bodies are respectively provided with feeding warehouse and discharging bin, realizes that material exists
Isobaric transmission in turnover feed bin, the valve body in feed bin is used to control the pressure balance in feeding warehouse, discharging bin and pressure measuring cylinder, makes
Pressurization, steam pressure and pressure release during steam pressure are carried out continuously.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are using soil conditioner of the invention, by phases such as flyash, plant ash, peat
With reference to collective effect improves the structure of heavy soil soil in heavy soil soil, improves its permeability, reduces that its is hardened, has
Also above-mentioned raw material is combined with complex microbial inoculum beneficial to the growth and growth of crop, and the present invention, is more beneficial for
Improvement heavy soil soil, and also improve the resistance against diseases of raise crop in soil.
Continuous steaming pressure device provided by the present invention, as a result of the steam pressure device with feeding warehouse and discharging bin,
Multiple valve bodies are set in feeding warehouse and discharging bin, to control the pressure balance in feeding warehouse, discharging bin and pressure measuring cylinder, steam pressure is realized
During continuous pressure, steam pressure and pressure leak process, improve production efficiency and energy utilization rate.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 1;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 2;
In figure, 1- feeding warehouses, 2- valve bodies, 3- relief tubes, 4- check valves, 5- pressure measuring cylinders, 6- emergency pressure relief valves, 7- dischargings
Storehouse, 8- steam pipes, 9- augers, 10- charging apertures, 11- discharging openings.
Specific embodiment
Come to be further described the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description, so as to the technology of this area
Personnel know more about the present invention, but with this do not limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Continuous steaming pressure device of the invention, including pressure measuring cylinder 5, also including being in respectively the feeding warehouse 1 of vertical tubular and discharging
Storehouse 7, the bottom of feeding warehouse 1 is inverted truncated cone-shaped, has charging aperture 10, feeding warehouse 1 at pressure measuring cylinder 5 and the opposite position of feeding warehouse 1
Bottom is connected with pressure measuring cylinder 5 by charging aperture 10;Discharging bin 7 is vertical cylindrical shape, and the top of discharging bin 7 is truncated cone-shaped, pressure
There is discharging opening 11 at cylinder 5 and the opposite position of discharging bin 7, the top of discharging bin 7 is connected with pressure measuring cylinder 5 by discharging opening 11;
There is auger 9 inside pressure measuring cylinder 5 as pusher, feeding warehouse 1 is constantly discharged into stirring to the material of pressure measuring cylinder 5
Mix, revolving pushing, improve material steam pressure efficiency.
There are four valve bodies 2 in feeding warehouse 1 and discharging bin 7,4 valve bodies being arranged in order from top to bottom in feeding warehouse 1
2, valve body 2 can be sealed butterfly valve, and feeding warehouse 1 is divided into five feed bin unit regions of e, d, c, b, a successively from top to bottom, close
Sealing butterfly valve can control the closing or conducting in five feed bin unit regions of e, d, c, b, a, and d, e have relief tube, let out between area
There is check valve 4 in pressure pipe.When valve body 2 is closed, two neighboring feed unit is closed, and forms independent sealing space, and valve body 2 is opened
When, adjacent two feed unit is connected.No matter how many feed bin units are set, and relief tube is arranged at the top of feeding warehouse 1
Between two adjacent feed bin units;Similarly, relief tube is also disposed between bottom two adjacent feed bin units of discharging bin 7;
Have 4 valve bodies 2 being arranged in order from top to bottom in discharging bin 7, discharging bin 7 is divided into successively from top to bottom x, y, z,
Five feed bin unit regions of w, v.
Steam pipe 8 is divided into multiple branch roads and is connected with pressure measuring cylinder 5, and pressure is provided to pressure measuring cylinder 5.In the present embodiment, will steam
Steam pipe 8 is placed in the bottom of pressure measuring cylinder 5, and along the axial direction setting of pressure measuring cylinder 5;High steam so in steam pipe 8 from
Under to above being conveyed, connect bigger with the contact surface of material, pressure, temperature transmission effect more preferably, meanwhile, the high steam of rising
Formed to the uplift force of material, prevent material overweight and deformation effect is caused to the shape of pressure measuring cylinder 5, additionally, the high pressure for rising is steamed
Vapour also can effectively prevent material blocking with the lower wall tubercle of pressure measuring cylinder 5.
Certain steam pipe 8 can also be designed and is connected with pressure measuring cylinder 5 at other positions, such as top of pressure measuring cylinder 5
Or side.
There is emergency pressure relief valve 6 on pressure measuring cylinder 5, used in order to emergency pressure relief.
Pressure measuring cylinder 5, in 8 ° or so of inclination angle, is designed to oblique form by pressure measuring cylinder 5 with horizontal line, is in order that must press
Steam in power cylinder 5 can be utilized preferably, and incline direction is inclined gradually downward by charging aperture 10 towards discharging opening 11.
Oblique pressure cylinder 5 design, be easy to by with material carry out the vapours after heating is exchanged upwards, to charging aperture 10
Direction is condensed, and on the one hand can form the pressure towards discharging opening 11 to material, is easy to discharging;On the other hand, after being utilized
Steam also band have surplus heat, can by the inner chamber of pressure measuring cylinder 5 into feed unit to will go into the material in pressure measuring cylinder 5 and carry out
Preheating, improves the heat utilization efficiency of steam.
Continuous steaming pressure device of the invention process soil conditioner when, first by pulverization process after in powder or tiny
Granular soil conditioner input feeding warehouse, its operation logic is as follows:Continuous steaming pressure device is first before logical steam in first operation
Pressure cylinder 5 and feeding warehouse 1 will be filled up in fine granularity or powdered soil conditioner, and close whole valves 2;It is logical
Steam pipe 8 is crossed to injecting high-pressure water vapor in pressure measuring cylinder 5, when in the cylinder of pressure measuring cylinder 5 material reach condition of work after start meter
When, after reaching the reaction time, open a, b valve body between and x, y valve body between two valve bodies 2, while start pressure measuring cylinder cylinder in
Auger 9 cause feeding warehouse 1a areas unit in material slowly enter cylinder, while material falls into a areas in feeding warehouse 1b areas unit
Feed bin unit, makes material in the x areas feed bin unit domain of discharging bin 7 enter y areas feed bin unit, and the material in the body of pressure measuring cylinder 5 enters
The x areas feed bin unit of discharging bin 7, after this process terminates, closes the valve body 2 between a, b and x, y between;Then feeding warehouse 1 by
Level is to material feeding in upper level feed bin unit and closes feed bin unit, until top feed bin unit.
When the top e areas supplies of unit of feeding warehouse 1 enters d areas unit, now the d areas unit of feeding warehouse 1 is hole capital after selling all securities, and is kept
The pressure equal with the cylinder of pressure measuring cylinder 5, needs first carry out d areas unit pressure release treatment, and operation is between d, e between valve body 2 and c, d
Valve body 2 is closed, and opens that 4 check valves on relief tube 6 are slow to leak into e areas unit by air pressure, pressure release finish after by valve body between d, e
2 openings make e areas supplies of unit fall into d areas unit, complete the fill process of feeding warehouse 1.
Certainly in the present invention, the feed bin unit of feeding warehouse 1 or discharging bin 7 is not necessarily limited to 4, it is also possible to according to tool
Body needs to set multiple, as long as the present invention can be realized.
For example, in the present invention, feeding warehouse 1 is set to 5 feed bin units, and discharging bin 7 only designs 3 feed bin lists
Unit, as the conversion being similar to also falls within the scope and spirit of the invention.
Embodiment 2
Difference from Example 1 is that discharging bin is set into three feed bin units of x, y, z, and its operation logic is with implementation
Example 1.
Embodiment 3
Soil conditioner of the invention, including following portions by weight component:
Flyash 11.16
Plant ash 13.42
Peat 11.27
Furfural dregs 16.38
Humic acid 21.45
Perlite 11.34
Vermiculite power 9.15
Diatomite: 6.19
Feldspar in powder: 7.24
Trace element: 0.88.
Trace element is:Boric acid, borax, zinc sulfate, the mixture of copper sulphate, the weight all same of these four raw materials.
Two pieces of soil properties of selection it is identical and close to ground, and the common feature on three pieces of ground is:The viscous weight of soil, soil clay particle content
56%, unit weight 1.44g/cm3, to breathe freely and water penetration is poor, plant growth is relatively difficult.This two pieces of ground are denoted as A, B respectively, apply
Identical fertilizer is used, the condition such as hoe up weeds of watering is identical, the varieties of plant identical corn in two pieces of ground of A, B.
Before maize planting, soil conditioner of the invention is applied in A blocks ground, applied according to the amount on every mu of 50 kilograms of ground
With, soil texture is determined after harvest corn, it is found that the plot soil clay particle content, compared to control, 44.4%, soil is reduced to by 56%
Earth unit weight is by 1.44g/cm3It is down to 1.35 g/ cm3, soil agreegate total amount(> 0.25mm)Increase by 22.8%.Loosing soil is saturating
Gas is improved, and structure and tilth improve.
B plot is blank, soil is not dealt with, and only other plantations and fertilizer application condition are identical with A plot;
When corn is ripe, compare the corn yield in two pieces of ground, as a result show, the corn yield in A plot is B plot
181%。
Data more than can be seen that soil conditioner of the invention relative to control, the conditioning to gluing principal characteristic soil
Significantly, chesson structure and tilth improve Soil ventilation water permeable ability for repair, promote soil granular structure to be formed, and
And crop growing state is good, also far superior to be compareed for crop yield effect.
Embodiment 4
Soil conditioner of the invention, including following portions by weight component:
Flyash 8
Plant ash 10
Peat 8
Furfural dregs 10
Humic acid 16
Perlite 8
Vermiculite power 6
Diatomite: 3
Feldspar in powder: 3
Trace element: 0.2.
Trace element is:Boric acid, borax, the mixture of zinc sulfate, the weight ratio of three is 2:1:2.
Embodiment 5
Soil conditioner of the invention, including following portions by weight component:
Flyash 18
Plant ash 17
Peat 16
Furfural dregs 22
Humic acid 25
Perlite 15
Vermiculite power 15
Diatomite: 10
Feldspar in powder: 12
Trace element: 1.5
Trace element is:Boric acid, borax, the mixture of zinc sulfate, the weight ratio of three is 1:1:2.
Embodiment 6
Soil conditioner of the invention, including following portions by weight component:
Flyash 11.16
Plant ash 13.42
Peat 11.27
Furfural dregs 16.38
Humic acid 21.45
Perlite 11.34
Vermiculite power 9.15
Diatomite 6.19
Feldspar in powder 7.24
Trace element 0.88
Complex micro organism fungicide 2.46
Complex micro organism fungicide is phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium, Pichia yeast, pseudomonas aeruginosa, Trichoderma aureoviride institute
The composite bacteria agent of composition;Described phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium, Pichia yeast, pseudomonas aeruginosa, the weight of Trichoderma aureoviride
Amount is than being 3:1:2:1;
Wherein phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium 2.4 × 108Cfu/g, Pichia yeast 1.4 × 108Cfu/g, pseudomonas aeruginosa
0.75×108Cfu/g, Trichoderma aureoviride 1..2 × 108cfu/g。
The preparation method of complex micro organism fungicide is as follows:
Phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium:Phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium strain is inoculated into disinfection fermentation tank, fermented and cultured
Base is:Corn flour 0.6%, beef extract 0.04%, bean cake powder 0.5%, soluble starch 0.2%, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.5%, chlorination
Calcium 0.3%, magnesium sulfate 0.09%, manganese sulfate 0.009%, pH7.0, fermentation condition:Ventilation ratio is initiated with 9:5,37 DEG C of cultivation temperature,
Agitation revolution 150rpm, dissolved oxygen is not less than 30%, and pH value is not less than 6.5,7 hours of stir culture, obtains zymotic fluid, adds phosphorus
Sour disodium hydrogen and calcium chloride are flocculated, and bacterium mud is obtained using plate compression mode after the completion of flocculation, and 48 DEG C of forced air dryings of bacterium mud are to containing
Water 32%, is put into crushing in pulverizer after cyclonic separation, cross 30 mesh sieves and obtain fixed nitrogen bacillus megaterium bacterium powder;The huge bud of fixed nitrogen
Viable bacteria content 2.1 × 10 in spore bacillus bacterium powder8cfu/g;
Pichia yeast:Pichia yeast strain is inoculated into disinfection fermentation tank, fermentation medium is:Solubility is formed sediment
Powder 1.2%, glucose 0.3%, beef extract 1.8%, yeast extract 0.04%, sodium chloride 0.4%, fermentation condition:28 DEG C of cultivation temperature,
The rpm of agitation revolution 160, pH value is 4.5, the h of stir culture 26, obtains zymotic fluid and adds disodium hydrogen phosphate and calcium chloride flocculation,
Bacterium mud is obtained using plate compression mode after the completion of flocculation, 47 DEG C of forced air dryings of bacterium mud to water content 30%, cyclonic separation bacterium powder,
Crushing in pulverizer is put into, 30 mesh sieves is crossed and is obtained bacterium powder;
Pseudomonas aeruginosa:Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain is inoculated into disinfection fermentation tank, fermentation medium is:Albumen
Peptone 0.5%, yeast extract 0.04%, agar 0.5%, dregs of beans 0.3%, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.5%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3%, magnesium sulfate
0.09%, manganese sulfate 0.009%, pH7.0, fermentation condition:Ventilation ratio is initiated with 1.1:0.5,37 DEG C of cultivation temperature, agitation revolution
150rpm, dissolved oxygen is not less than 30%, and pH value is not less than 6.5,7 hours of stir culture, obtains zymotic fluid and adds disodium hydrogen phosphate
With calcium chloride flocculation, bacterium mud is obtained using plate compression mode after the completion of flocculation, 47 DEG C of forced air dryings of bacterium mud to water content 30%,
Crushing in pulverizer is put into after cyclonic separation, 30 mesh sieves is crossed and is obtained pseudomonas aeruginosa bacterium powder;
Trichoderma aureoviride:Its cultural method is flat band method, and the conidium of bacterial strain is diluted into X × 105-106/ ml, uniformly
It is coated on PDA plate, puts 26 DEG C of insulating box cultures 5 days, produces a large amount of conidiums;
The cultural method of spore turns solid biphasic culture method for liquid during production, and conidium liquid is transferred into the training of PD liquid
In foster base, shaken cultivation 3 days, then according to 1:8 part by weight uniformly mixes with the rice bran or wheat bran of sterilizing, is placed on by stone
In the stainless steel mesh screen of buck or ozonization, the plastic sheeting of sterilization is covered above, after being placed in 28 DEG C of indoor culture 4 days,
Plastic sheeting is opened, spore is produced 4 days;Collected together with compost, dried, crushed, packaging, storage.
Two pieces of soil properties of selection it is identical and close to ground, and the common feature on three pieces of ground is:The viscous weight of soil, soil clay particle content
56%, unit weight 1.44g/cm3, to breathe freely and water penetration is poor, plant growth is relatively difficult.This two pieces of ground are denoted as A, B, C respectively,
Using identical fertilizer, the condition such as hoe up weeds of watering is identical, the varieties of plant identical corn in two pieces of ground of A, B, C.
Before maize planting, the soil conditioner in applying the present embodiment in A blocks ground, according to every mu of amount on 50 kilograms of ground
Using, soil texture is determined after harvest corn, it is found that the plot soil clay particle content, compared to control, 46.4% is reduced to by 56%,
The soil weight is by 1.44g/ cm3It is down to 1.32 g/ cm3, soil agreegate total amount(> 0.25mm)Increase by 25.7%.Loosing soil
Gas permeability is improved, and structure and tilth improve.The maize diseases such as incidence of disease such as brown spot, smut reduction by 68%, greatly improves crop
Diseases and insect pests resistance.
Before maize planting, the soil conditioner in applying the embodiment of the present invention 3 in B blocks ground(Without composite microbial bacteria
Agent), applied according to every mu of amount on 50 kilograms of ground, soil texture is determined after harvest corn, find the plot soil clay particle content phase
Than control, 48.4% is reduced to by 56%, the soil weight is by 1.44g/ cm3It is down to 1.38 g/ cm3, soil agreegate total amount(>
0.25mm)Increase by 23.2%.Loosing soil gas permeability is improved, and structure and tilth improve.Maize diseases such as brown spot, smut etc.
Incidence of disease reduction by 26%.
C plot is blank, soil is not dealt with, only other plantations and fertilizer application condition and A, B plot phase
Together;
When corn is ripe, compare the corn yield in two pieces of ground, as a result show, the corn yield in A plot is B plot
The corn yield in 115%, A plot is the 185% of C plot.
Data more than can be seen that soil conditioner of the invention relative to control, the conditioning to gluing principal characteristic soil
Significantly, chesson structure and tilth improve Soil ventilation water permeable ability for repair, promote soil granular structure to be formed, and
And crop growing state is good, also far superior to be compareed for crop yield effect.Complex microbial inoculum of the invention is except right
Soil plays a part of to repair and improves, and stronger inhibitory action is also functioned to pest and disease damage.
Embodiment 7
Soil conditioner of the invention, including following portions by weight component:
Flyash 8
Plant ash 10
Peat 8
Furfural dregs 10
Humic acid 16
Perlite 8
Vermiculite power 6
Diatomite: 3
Feldspar in powder: 3
Trace element: 0.2.
Trace element is:Boric acid, borax, zinc sulfate, copper sulphate, manganese sulfate, the mixture of ammonium molybdate, their weight portion
Number all same.
Complex micro organism fungicide is phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium, Pichia yeast, pseudomonas aeruginosa, Trichoderma aureoviride institute
The composite bacteria agent of composition;Described phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium, Pichia yeast, pseudomonas aeruginosa, the weight of Trichoderma aureoviride
Amount is than being 1:1:1:1;
Wherein phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium 1 × 108Cfu/g, Pichia yeast 0.5 × 108Cfu/g, pseudomonas aeruginosa
0.5×108Cfu/g, Trichoderma aureoviride 0.5 × 108cfu/g。
The preparation method of complex micro organism fungicide is as follows:
Phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium:Phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium strain is inoculated into disinfection fermentation tank, fermented and cultured
Base is:Corn flour 0.2%, beef extract 0.01%, bean cake powder 0.2%, soluble starch 0.1%, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.2%, chlorination
Calcium 0.1%, magnesium sulfate 0.05%, manganese sulfate 0.006%, pH6.8, fermentation condition:Ventilation ratio is initiated with 0.9:0.5, cultivation temperature
35 DEG C, agitation revolution 100rpm, dissolved oxygen is not less than 30%, and pH value is not less than 6.5,6 hours of stir culture, obtains zymotic fluid,
Disodium hydrogen phosphate and calcium chloride flocculation are added, bacterium mud is obtained using plate compression mode after the completion of flocculation, 45 DEG C of air blast of bacterium mud are done
It is dry that crushing in pulverizer is put into water content 25%, after cyclonic separation, cross 30 mesh sieves and obtain fixed nitrogen bacillus megaterium bacterium powder;Fixed nitrogen
Viable bacteria content 1 × 10 in bacillus megaterium bacterium powder8cfu/g;
Pichia yeast:Pichia yeast strain is inoculated into disinfection fermentation tank, fermentation medium is:Solubility is formed sediment
Powder 0.8%%, glucose 0.1%%, beef extract 1.0%, yeast extract 0.02%, sodium chloride 0.2%, fermentation condition:Cultivation temperature 25
DEG C, the rpm of agitation revolution 120, pH value is 4.0, the h of stir culture 24, obtains zymotic fluid and adds disodium hydrogen phosphate and calcium chloride wadding
It is solidifying, bacterium mud, 45 DEG C of forced air dryings of bacterium mud to water content 25%, cyclonic separation bacterium are obtained using plate compression mode after the completion of flocculation
Powder, is put into crushing in pulverizer, crosses 30 mesh sieves and obtains bacterium powder;
Pseudomonas aeruginosa:Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain is inoculated into disinfection fermentation tank, fermentation medium is:Albumen
Peptone 0.2%, yeast extract 0.01%, agar 0.2%, dregs of beans 0.1%, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.2%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1%, magnesium sulfate
0.05%, manganese sulfate 0.006%, pH6.8, fermentation condition:Ventilation ratio is initiated with 0.9:0.5,35 DEG C of cultivation temperature, agitation revolution
100rpm, dissolved oxygen is not less than 30%, and pH value is not less than 6.5,6 hours of stir culture, obtains zymotic fluid and adds disodium hydrogen phosphate
With calcium chloride flocculation, bacterium mud is obtained using plate compression mode after the completion of flocculation, 45 DEG C of forced air dryings of bacterium mud to water content 25%,
Crushing in pulverizer is put into after cyclonic separation, 30 mesh sieves is crossed and is obtained pseudomonas aeruginosa bacterium powder;
Trichoderma aureoviride:Its cultural method is flat band method, and the conidium of bacterial strain is diluted into X × 105-106/ ml, uniformly
It is coated on PDA plate, puts 26 DEG C of insulating box cultures 5 days, produces a large amount of conidiums;
The cultural method of spore turns solid biphasic culture method for liquid during production, and conidium liquid is transferred into the training of PD liquid
In foster base, shaken cultivation 2 days, then according to 1:6 part by weight uniformly mixes with the rice bran or wheat bran of sterilizing, is placed on by stone
In the stainless steel mesh screen of buck or ozonization, the plastic sheeting of sterilization is covered above, after being placed in 22 DEG C of indoor culture 3 days,
Plastic sheeting is opened, spore is produced 3 days;Collected together with compost, dried, crushed, packaging, storage.
Embodiment 8
Soil conditioner of the invention, including following portions by weight component:
Flyash 18
Plant ash 17
Peat 16
Furfural dregs 22
Humic acid 25
Perlite 15
Vermiculite power 15
Diatomite: 10
Feldspar in powder: 12
Trace element: 1.5
Trace element is:Boric acid, borax, the mixture of zinc sulfate, the weight ratio of three is 1:1:2.
Complex micro organism fungicide is phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium, Pichia yeast, pseudomonas aeruginosa, Trichoderma aureoviride institute
The composite bacteria agent of composition;Described phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium, Pichia yeast, pseudomonas aeruginosa, the weight of Trichoderma aureoviride
Amount is than being 4: 2: 3: 2;
Wherein phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium 3 × 108Cfu/g, Pichia yeast 2 × 108Cfu/g, pseudomonas aeruginosa 1 ×
108Cfu/g, Trichoderma aureoviride 1.5 × 108cfu/g。
The preparation method of complex micro organism fungicide is as follows:
Phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium:Phosphorus decomposing bacillus megaterium strain is inoculated into disinfection fermentation tank, fermented and cultured
Base is:Corn flour 0.8%, beef extract 0.06%, bean cake powder 0.8%, soluble starch 0.4%, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.8%, chlorination
Calcium 0.5%, magnesium sulfate 0.15%, manganese sulfate 0.012%, pH7.2, fermentation condition:Ventilation ratio is initiated with 1.1:0.5, cultivation temperature
40 DEG C, agitation revolution 200rpm, dissolved oxygen is not less than 30%, and pH value is not less than 6.5,8 hours of stir culture, obtains zymotic fluid,
Disodium hydrogen phosphate and calcium chloride flocculation are added, bacterium mud is obtained using plate compression mode after the completion of flocculation, 50 DEG C of air blast of bacterium mud are done
It is dry that crushing in pulverizer is put into water content 35%, after cyclonic separation, cross 30 mesh sieves and obtain fixed nitrogen bacillus megaterium bacterium powder;Fixed nitrogen
Viable bacteria content 3 × 10 in bacillus megaterium bacterium powder8cfu/g;
Pichia yeast:Pichia yeast strain is inoculated into disinfection fermentation tank, fermentation medium is:Solubility is formed sediment
Powder 1.5%, glucose 0.5%, beef extract 2.5%, yeast extract 0.06%, sodium chloride 0.6%, fermentation condition:30 DEG C of cultivation temperature,
The rpm of agitation revolution 200, pH value is 5.0, the h of stir culture 30, obtains zymotic fluid and adds disodium hydrogen phosphate and calcium chloride flocculation,
Bacterium mud is obtained using plate compression mode after the completion of flocculation, 50 DEG C of forced air dryings of bacterium mud to water content 35%, cyclonic separation bacterium powder,
Crushing in pulverizer is put into, 30 mesh sieves is crossed and is obtained bacterium powder;
Pseudomonas aeruginosa:Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain is inoculated into disinfection fermentation tank, fermentation medium is:Albumen
Peptone 0.8%, yeast extract 0.06%, agar 0.8%, dregs of beans 0.4%, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.8%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5%, magnesium sulfate
0.15%, manganese sulfate 0.012%, pH7.2, fermentation condition:Ventilation ratio is initiated with 1.1:0.5,40 DEG C of cultivation temperature, agitation revolution
200rpm, dissolved oxygen is not less than 30%, and pH value is not less than 6.5,8 hours of stir culture, obtains zymotic fluid and adds disodium hydrogen phosphate
With calcium chloride flocculation, bacterium mud is obtained using plate compression mode after the completion of flocculation, 50 DEG C of forced air dryings of bacterium mud to water content 35%,
Crushing in pulverizer is put into after cyclonic separation, 30 mesh sieves is crossed and is obtained pseudomonas aeruginosa bacterium powder;
Trichoderma aureoviride:Its cultural method is flat band method, and the conidium of bacterial strain is diluted into X × 105-106/ ml, uniformly
It is coated on PDA plate, puts 26 DEG C of insulating box cultures 5 days, produces a large amount of conidiums;
The cultural method of spore turns solid biphasic culture method for liquid during production, and conidium liquid is transferred into the training of PD liquid
In foster base, shaken cultivation 4 days, then according to 1:10 part by weight with sterilizing rice bran or wheat bran uniformly mix, be placed on by
In the stainless steel mesh screen of limewash or ozonization, the plastic sheeting of sterilization is covered above, be placed in 30 DEG C of indoor culture 5 days
Afterwards, plastic sheeting is opened, spore is produced 5 days;Collected together with compost, dried, crushed, packaging, storage.