CN105123248A - Method for retaining soil nutrients by constructing composite grass strips in red soil slope field - Google Patents
Method for retaining soil nutrients by constructing composite grass strips in red soil slope field Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A method for intercepting soil nutrients by constructing composite grass strips in a red soil slope field comprises the following steps: (1), grass variety constitution and selection: seeds of at least two grass varieties having different functions and being capable of remaining rapidly available nitrogen, rapidly available phosphorus and rapidly available potassium nutrients in soil simultaneously and respectively are selected; (2), land preparation and fertilization: drilling strips are formed, and fertilization is performed in the strips; (3), presowing treatment of the seeds: the grass seeds are dressed before sowing; (4), sowing: the grass seeds after dressing are spread in the strips and covered with a fine soil layer or a fine sand layer; (5), field management: watering is performed before and after seedling emergence, seedling checking and reseeding are performed, weeds are removed, dressing of a hole applied fertilizer is performed, and cutting is performed. When the method is used, the nutrients of the red soil slope field can be retained substantially, nutrient loss is reduced, the soil fertility is improved, a water eutrophication process is slowed down, and environmental protection is facilitated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method that Red Soil Sloping Land builds compound straw cord, especially relate to and a kind ofly build the method that compound straw cord retains soil nutrient.
Background technology
Distribution of red soil is in the bottom, low mountain of the hillock, hills of below height above sea level 300m and below height above sea level 500m, and area is comparatively large, and only Hunan China economizes just nearly 863.72 × 10
4h ㎡, accounts for 40.77% of Hunan Province's area, wherein Red Soil Sloping Land 17.15 × 10
4h ㎡, accounts for 1.98% of the red soil gross area, with comprising red soil economic forest (really) and dry cropland, is one of main land type of southern china.
But the Red Soil Sloping Land gradient is comparatively large, general >5 °, the even >25 ° had.In order to avoid regular arid, drought soil is kind one season rabi only, and covered ground is extremely limited; In addition red earth area is all that precipitation is many, and the on the spot environment that heavy rain, heavy rain are many, severe water and soil erosion.Such as, according to surveying and determination, Hengnan County, Hunan Province annual rainfall reaches 1324.6mm, with this understanding, sandstone red soil entirely cultivate build ladder construction oranges and tangerines field, annual flow reaches 865.9mm deeply, year sediment loss amount reach 21.89t/h ㎡.And for example, Ningxiang County year rainfall in Hunan Province's reaches 1423.6mm, granite red entirely cultivate build ladder construction Rhus succedanea field, annual flow states 876.9mm deeply, year sediment loss amount reach 22.07t/h ㎡.
Following several process is carried out respectively to above two kinds of Red Soil Sloping Lands: make terraced civil engineering garden, terraced civil engineering garden+no-tillage with straw mulch, annual flow is dark, the year sediment loss amount field of not building ladder on average reduces 32.5% and 43.7% respectively; Particularly, if carry out terraced civil engineering garden+no-tillage with straw mulch+build straw cord process, then sediment loss amount is only 3.56t/h ㎡ year, close with such soil allowable corroding amount value 2.5t/h ㎡.
But, to the Red Soil Sloping Land building ladder+covering+straw cord, although year sediment loss amount close to allowable corroding amount value, the loss of soil nutrient is still more.According to chemical examination, build ladder+covering+straw cord Red Soil Sloping Land, 40m in a year
2in the rainfall runoff that community is formed by heavy rain and silt, the content of available nitrogen, rapid available phosphorus, available potassium reaches 324.65mg, 25.43mg, 5437.12mg respectively, is equivalent to the 1/5-1/3 of year fertilizing amount.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, overcome the above-mentioned defect that prior art exists, a kind of there is provided Red Soil Sloping Land to build method that compound straw cord retains soil nutrient, both to retain runoff, reduced water and soil loss, contained nutrient in erosion sediment can be reduced again, reduce Red Soil Sloping Land nutrient loss, cultivate soil fertility, develop distinctive agricultural undertakings, revitalize regional economy.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves the employing of its technical problem is that a kind of Red Soil Sloping Land builds the method that compound straw cord retains soil nutrient, comprises the following steps:
(1) herbage variety forms and selects: build the grass seeds that compound straw cord uses, and at least by 2 kinds of function differences, the grass seeds mixing that simultaneously can retain the herbage variety of available nitrogen in soil, rapid available phosphorus and available potassium nutrient is respectively formed;
(2) wholely with fertilising: open drilling band Red Soil Sloping Land is contour; When for Red Soil Sloping Land ladder native orchard, open drilling band in the outer rim of every ladder; Fertilising in band;
(3) seed presowing treatment: before grass seeds sowing, to nonloegume forage seed, adjusts yellow mud seed dressing with phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria agent suspension; To Leguminous grass seed, adjust the rhizosphere soil or mud seed dressing of planting this leguminous forage with phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria agent suspension;
(4) sow: the grass seed processed through step (3) is sown in band equably, then covers one deck fine earth or fine sand;
(5) field management: comprise before and after emerging and water, look into seedling and reseed, cut weeds, chase after and carry seed manure, cradle.
Further, step (1), in order to preferred grass seeds and variety matching, present inventor collects gramineous forage grass paspalum notatum, osmanthus receive No. 1, crow watt Dallis grass, annual bluegrass, wild oat, leguminous forage butch clover, red clover, alfalfa, facet syndrom, daghestan sweet clover, carry out permutation and combination, build compound straw cord, have 25 process; According under Rainfall Condition in a year, the content weighted mean of available nitrogen, rapid available phosphorus, available potassium in the runoff of one rainfall event and silt sample, obtain each compound straw cord soil nutrient loss amount, according to loss value size, therefrom preferred paspalum notatum and butch clover mix and match are as the grass seeds building compound straw cord.
Described paspalum notatum (PaspalumnqdadunFlugge) is grass family Paspalum herbaceos perennial.Paspalum notatum seedling growth is after 1 year, and the stolon of tiller formation can reach about 10, and stolon grows 30-40cm every year, and after 2 years, the base of crawling on tight entanglement earth's surface up to 3325-4216 Tiao/㎡, can form fine and close, abundant, deep-rooted grass layer.Research and apply facts have proved, paspalum notatum has desirable effect in environmental improvement and ecological recovery, as planted paspalum notatum on the soil of oil pollution after, pollutant in soil can significantly reduce, this is because it makes soil microbe quantity add 287 times, thus exacerbate the degraded of pollutant; Form careless hedge with paspalum notatum and filtration treatment is carried out to sewage of farm, significantly can reduce the concentration of TSS, COT, TKN etc.; Therefore, paspalum notatum is used for building compound straw cord, and it is stronger that it retains nitrogen effect.
Butch clover (TrifqliumrepeneL) is pulse family Trifolium herbaceos perennial.Easily, resistance to low level management, has very strong competitiveness with weeds, and be widely used in water and soil conservation and afforestation, butch clover is also widely used in restoration of the ecosystem, as butch clover heavy metal has absorption etc. in butch clover breeding.Especially, research shows, butch clover has the very strong effect retaining Soil Phosphorus, potassium.
Further, in step (2), namely described drilling band sows the seed furrow that herbage builds band, and furrow width is preferably the preferred 40cm of 35-45cm(), the preferred 10cm of ditch depth 8-12cm(); Suitable organic fertilizer in seed furrow, the mixture (mixed ratio is not limit) of preferred dried poultrymanure and cake-shaped rape seed dregs cake, amount of application is preferably, and every 667 ㎡ execute 80-100kg.
Herbage growth needs the elements such as a large amount of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulphur, also needs the trace elements such as boron, manganese, zinc, iron, molybdenum simultaneously.Gramineous forage grass needs strong to nitrogen, and responsive to nitrogen fertilizer application reaction, nitrogenous fertilizer is the key factor of increase yield, because nitrogen fertilizer application can improve the survival rate that herbage tillers winter, increase can educate branch amount; Phosphate fertilizer has facilitation to grass seed output; Potash fertilizer is flowing nutrient, needs often to supplement.
Further, in step (3), " alternating temperature " process is done to preferred paspalum notatum seed, namely cold water (water do not heated under natural temperature state when referring to sow) is first used to soak and crumple, make it absorb water, then remove cold water, the preferred 24h of emerge in worm water 22-26h(with 38 DEG C ~ 42 DEG C (preferably 40 DEG C)), then airing, mixes with Trifolium repense grass seeds; Again with planting the rhizosphere soil of more than 2 years butch clovers or adjusting phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria pulvis suspension to dress seed containing the mud (Rhizobium Inoculation) of rhizobium; Described phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria pulvis suspension is watered the preferred 480-520g of 450-550g(by 1g phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria pulvis, more preferably 500g) formulated; The 8-12%(that soil weight can be grass seeds weight preferably 10%); Phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria pulvis suspension consumption: rhizosphere soil can be made moistening, and earth can be bonded on grass seeds.
Phosphorus is one of macroelement needed for plant growth, great amount of soluble phosphate fertilizer to be executed every year to soil, but, crop to this season execute phosphate fertilizer availability generally only have 5-10%, in fact major part phosphate fertilizer accumulate in soil with invalid state, therefore, phosphorus base resource potential in soil should be excavated, reduce that chemical fertilizer is excessive uses caused environmental pollution.The mud of local soil retting contains the rhizobium adapting to local climate, soil, crop, with mud seed dressing, can inoculate the rhizobium adapting to local natural conditions, the nitrogen in air is absorbed among root nodule, for crop utilization.
According to test " phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria " be to being present in plant rhizosphere and natural soils the general name that slightly solubility or insoluble phosphorus can be made to be converted into the microorganism of the titanium pigment being easy to be absorbed and used by plants; 1st strain phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria is that the former Russian scholar Meng Jinna is separated in nineteen thirty-five and obtains from soil, after, variety classes phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria is in succession separated from crop rhizospheres such as corn, wheat, fruit tree, forest, herbages and obtains; They adhere to different kinds separately, comprise and strangle Kocuria, Enterobacter, bacillus, Pseudomonas, Klebsiella, Arthrobacter, streptomyces etc.The function of these phosphorus-solubilizing bacterias have can decompose slightly solubility organic phosphor, slightly solubility Phos can be decomposed, can organic phosphor be decomposed, also can decompose Phos (see " P-dissolving fungi molten phosphorus mechanism " [A], abundant, the Wu Jiguang of letter a surname; The development and utilization seminar monograph [C] of Taiwan microbial manure, 1994,99 ~ 113).Preferably can decompose organic phosphor, also can decompose the phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria population of Phos.
Paspalum notatum seed is done " alternating temperature " process, be because paspalum notatum seed has hibernation feature, do not soak seed, speed of germination is slow, also irregular.
Further, in step (4), preferred paspalum notatum and Trifolium repense grass seeds should be added appropriate fine earth, fine earth and the ratio of seed weight are mix sow at 1: 1, be conducive to Trifolium repense like this to reduce in hot-dry season withered grass rate, guarantee that the Trifolium repense four seasons are evergreen, soil nutrient can be retained incessantly; Paspalum notatum dead leaf in winter, south rainwater in winter is few, and heavy rain, heavy rain are less, little to retaining Effect of soil nutrient.
The fine earth of described covering or the preferred 1.0-1.5cm of the thickness of fine sand.
Further, in step (5), in described field management, water before and after emerging, should sooner or later respectively water 1 time every day before emerging, after emerging, every morning waters, and is provided with sprinkling irrigation system, adopts spray to water best, maintenance ground moistening; Look into seedling to reseed and refer to, after emerging, to check the broken belt situation of being short of seedling that finds that there is, reseed; Cut weeds, refer to that paspalum notatum, butch clover seedling growth are slow, should cut weeds in time, before after formation grass layer covers, 2-3 will remove large weeds; Can adopt and manually weed out the rank grass; Chase after and carry seed manure, if desired (during as found seedling jaundice), 15-20d after emerging, every 667 ㎡ chase after urea 2.5-3.0kg and each 4.5 ~ 5.5kg of phosphorus potash fertilizer; When grass layer natural height reaches 20-30cm, generally to cradle, toothing 3-5Cm; When kind (cultivation) paspalum notatum of planting in a year is bloomed, be cradle optimum period; The forage cradled returns to soil and makes fertilizer or make poultry feed, grass carp bait.
The compound straw cord that the present invention builds, grass seeds selects the grass seeds mixing that simultaneously can retain the herbage variety of available nitrogen in soil, rapid available phosphorus and available potassium nutrient respectively to form, the compound straw cord built up, and sturdy stolon is close to earth's surface, and well developed root system, there is more strong putting forth effort to soil; Grass layer is thick and fine and close, impact from rainfall, improve the first of soil ooze rate and surely ooze rate, that is, its litter coverage effectively can change the relation of rainfall and rainwash, interflow, improve the vertical space distribution of rainfall, runoff, thus make runoff decreased, interflow and base flow significantly increase; Silt is carried by runoff, and runoff is few, and silt is naturally just few; Silt is the main carriers (nutrient of 98% is with silt loss) of nutrient, and silt is few, and nutrient loss is also just few, adds that this compound straw cord retains soil nutrient effect and is better than other straw cord, so it is effective to retain soil nutrient.
For preferred paspalum notatum+butch clover compound straw cord, paspalum notatum overground part and underground part all have C/N than high, humification coefficient is high, straw cord is cradled and returns to soil and all can significantly improve soil organic matter and compound organic carbon content, be highly advantageous to improvement of soil fertility, add that the soil nutrient retained is accumulated in straw cord, compound straw cord culture fertility is effective.Paspalum notatum+butch clover compound straw cord has the effect of good culture fertility, is also well suited for participating in shift of crops system.As paspalum notatum+butch clover-peanut, paspalum notatum+butch clover-watermelon etc.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
The phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria pulvis that following examples use produces (Lian Fa bio tech ltd, Nanjing is on sale) by Lian Fa biotech inc, Taiwan.
1 grass seed selection
(1) paspalum notatum compound straw cord nutrient loss amount difference test: the compound straw cord that the paspalum notatum of mensuration and 5 leguminous forages are built in 1 year Rainfall Condition rainfall next time nutrient flow vector gather, result is: paspalum notatum+Trifolium repense < paspalum notatum+red clover < paspalum notatum+alfalfa < paspalum notatum+daghestan sweet clover < paspalum notatum+facet syndrom.The quick-acting nitrogen discharge amount of paspalum notatum+Trifolium repense compound grass band is 51.65mg, is only the 7.84-18.55% of other 4 compound straw cords; Rapid available phosphorus number of dropouts 7.34mg is the 34.04-57.51% of other 4 straw cords; Available potassium number of dropouts 543.12mg is the 9.81-42.85% (see table 1) of other 4 straw cords;
Table 1 paspalum notatum compound straw cord nutrient loss amount difference *
(2) butch clover compound straw cord nutrient loss amount difference test: the compound straw cord that the butch clover of mensuration and 5 gramineous forage grasss are built in 1 year Rainfall Condition rainfall runoff next time, sediment nutrient number of dropouts gather, result is: butch clover+paspalum notatum < butch clover+Gui Mu No.1 < butch clover+crow watt Dallis grass < butch clover+wild oat < butch clover+annual bluegrass.The quick-acting nitrogen discharge amount 60.43mg of butch clover+paspalum notatum compound grass band is the 12.36-34.25% of other 4 compound straw cords; Rapid available phosphorus number of dropouts 7.65mg is the 26.72-46.17% of other 4 compound straw cords; Available potassium number of dropouts 823.65mg is the 12.12-38.04% (table 2) of other 4 compound straw cords;
Table 2 butch clover compound straw cord nutrient loss difference *
(3) other compound straw cord nutrient loss amount difference: other 15 compound straw cords are Rainfall Condition rainfall next time nutrient loss value in 1 year, available nitrogen 201.76-854.32mg, rapid available phosphorus 12.76-34.54mg, available potassium 1165.23-9878.53mg, all comparatively paspalum notatum+Trifolium repense exceeds a lot;
2. wholely, apply fertilizer
(1) wholely: be exactly hold contour drilling band successfully, i.e. drill furrow, furrow width 40cm, ditch depth 10cm wholely;
(2) apply fertilizer: under the different nitrogen amount applied of gramineous forage grass, the difference of grass yield is obvious, all increase exponentially with the increase of amount of nitrogen, as paspalum notatum, the green forage yield executing medium nitrogen quantity (every 667 ㎡ execute nitrogen 7.5-10kg) is 2.72 times that execute the nitrogen quantity (every 667 ㎡ execute nitrogen 2.5-5.0kg) such as low, 6.13 times (see table 3) (every 667m2 executes the mixture of 80-100kg dried poultrymanure and cake-shaped rape seed dregs cake, is equivalent to execute nitrogen 7.5-10kg) of not applying fertilizer.
The conventional amount of nitrogen of table 3 affects * to gramineous forage grass output
3. seed treatment
(1) " intermittent warming ": paspalum notatum seed carries out before broadcasting " intermittent warming ": first use cold water (water do not heated under natural temperature state during sowing) soak and crumple, make it absorb water, then remove cold water, with the emerge in worm water 24h of 40 DEG C, then airing; According to test, paspalum notatum, under the mesoclimate condition of Hunan, is sowed at the beginning of 3 months, processes and sees the Zao 6d of seedling number of days than untreated; Germination rate improves 34.7%; Broadcast rear 30d and deposit seedling rate raising 25.9% (see table 4);
Table 4 paspalum notatum intermittent warming effect *
(2) phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria pulvis and the seed dressing of dry mud powder: adjust phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria pulvis suspension to dress seed with the mud (Rhizobium Inoculation) containing rhizobium; It is formulated that described phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria pulvis suspension is watered 500g by 1g phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria pulvis; Dewatered sludge weight containing rhizobium is 10% of grass seeds weight; Phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria pulvis suspension consumption: rhizosphere soil can be made moistening, and earth can be bonded on grass seeds; According to test, seed dressing improves 2.78 times (see table 5) with paspalum notatum+butch clover compound straw cord green forage yield of not dressing seed.
The agent of table 5 phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria and mud effect of dressing seed is had a guide look of
4. sow
(1) sowing time: in Hunan, paspalum notatum early March starts to sprout, beginning late May fringe, flowering stage to full ripening stage, Relatively centralized was in the 7-8 month, and on November, growth in the middle ten days is basic stops, and on December, the old stem in frosting in the middle ten days rear section and blade be tending towards withered, survive the winter with stolon, next year, March, stolon grew young leaves, claimed " turn green ", repeat process of growth above; Sowing on butch clover April 12, April 25 emerged, flower bud phase May 10, florescence May 21, full ripening stage June 19, the time of infertility 77d; Accordingly, in Hunan, paspalum notatum+butch clover compound straw cord the suitableeest sowing time is that late March is to early April; The present embodiment was sowed March 28;
(2) seeding quantity: seeding quantity number by seed quality, sowing sooner or later, the impact of the factor such as type of seeding, seed quality is good, sowing time is suitable, bar (point) is broadcast, and seed consumption can be less; Otherwise seed consumption is some more; Ordinary circumstance, every 667 ㎡ sow paspalum notatum kind 5-7.5kg, Trifolium repense grass seeds 0.50-0.75kg; The present embodiment, every 667 ㎡ sow paspalum notatum kind 6.5kg, Trifolium repense grass seeds 0.0.65kg;
5. field management
(1) water before emerging: establish 3 process: (a) every day respectively waters 1 water (abbreviation waters 2 water) sooner or later; Water 1 water (abbreviation waters 1 water), (c) (b) every morning not water; Result is watered 2 water than the germination rate, the emergence rate that water 1 water, is deposited seedling rate and improve 25.1%, 24.3%, 23.7% respectively; Than the raising 46.7%, 69.4%, 100% (see table 6) of not watering; As can be seen here, watering before emerging is the key that compound straw cord is survived;
Table 6 waters before emerging result of the test
(2) look into seedling to reseed: butch clover+paspalum notatum after planting 5 ~ 7d cotyledon is unearthed, and about 10d grows the 1st true leaf, and 15 ~ 20d height of seedling reaches 5cm, check diligent during this period of time, find to be short of seedling broken belt situation, reseed in time, mend cultivation; Summer high temperature, arid, cause broken belt of being short of seedling, and reseeds in the fall, mends cultivation, recovers straw cord productivity:
(3) duty is cut weeds: paspalum notatum+butch clover compound straw cord seedling growth is slow, is subject to weed infestation, removes in time; Between the 2-3 after forming grass layer covering, remove large weeds in time;
(4) topdress: paspalum notatum+butch clover compound straw cord, under the condition having executed base manure, only imposes after carrying seed manure and cradling and topdresses; Chase after and carry seed manure: 18d after emerging, every 667 ㎡ chase after urea 2.8kg and each 5.0kg of phosphorus potash fertilizer; According to test, chase after and carry seed manure with not chasing after and carry seed manure and compare, topdress after cradling and to compare with not topdressing, green forage yield is doubled and redoubled;
(5). cradle in time: paspalum notatum+butch clover compound straw cord will cradle in time, cradling one is promote a point bark of a cork tree, and two is reduce disease to occur; The forage cradled returns to soil and makees fertilizer, cultivates soil fertility (also can do feed, bait).
According to the preferred version embodiment of the present invention that the above obtains, there is following technique effect:
(1) effect of soil nutrient is retained: according to test, the runoff coefficient minimizing 87.34% average than naked garden (contrast) of paspalum notatum+butch clover compound straw cord built by Ti Tuju garden outer rim and terraced wall, soil erosion amount reduces 98.65%, and soil nutrient loss amount reduces 89.67%; 54.56%, 78.45%, 63.21% is reduced respectively than bird watt Dallis grass+facet syndrom compound straw cord average diameter stream coefficient, soil erosion amount, soil nutrient loss amount;
(2) effect of culture fertility: ladder outer rim straw cord planting district, You Lingju garden, build band after 1.5 years, organic, the full nitrogen of 0-20Cm soil layer, full phosphorus, full potassium, available nutrient, >0.25mm aggregate amounts comparatively You Lingju garden tread improve 51.7%, 82.4%, 35.5%, 43.0%, 80.3%, 9.0% respectively; Ladder outer rim straw cord planting district, Cheng Lingju garden, build band after 3 years, organic, the full nitrogen of 0-20Cm soil layer, full phosphorus, full potassium, available nutrient, >0.25mm aggregate amounts comparatively Cheng Lingju garden tread improve 43.8%, 67.9%, 31.4%, 48.8%, 35.1%, 15.34% respectively; Ladder outer rim straw cord planting district, Cheng Lingju garden compares with tread, and organic, the full nitrogen of 20-50Cm soil layer, full phosphorus, full potassium, available nutrient, >0.25mm aggregate amounts improve 72.8%, 42.3%, 58.5%, 55.7%, 49.7%, 5.34% (see table 7);
Table 7 paspalum notatum+butch clover compound straw cord culture fertility effect
(3) effect of crop rotation: with paspalum notatum, butch clover mixed seeding-peanut crop rotation in You Lingju garden, with peanut-Corn Rotation System for contrast, result, in the 1st year soil, root-knot nematode reduces 47.6%, and peanut yield increases by 28.5%; In 2nd year soil, root-knot nematode reduces 12,7%, peanut yield volume increase 4.35%; 3rd year, above two all go to zero (see table 8); With paspalum notatum, butch clover mixed seeding-watermelon crop rotation in You Lingju garden, with watermelon-soybean wheel in contrast, result, crop rotation the 1st year, the 2nd year, the 3rd year peanut yield increasing is respectively 33.3%, 4.77% ,-5.8% (see table 9).Above two illustrations are bright, and paspalum notatum, butch clover mixed seeding generally can only maintain about 1 year, this point to the inhibitory action of insect with to the effect of increasing production of rear work in crop rotation systems, should draw attention when arranging production;
Table 8 paspalum notatum, Trifolium repense mixed seeding-peanut Crop rotation *
Table 9 paspalum notatum, butch clover mixed seeding-watermelon Crop rotation *
Claims (10)
1. Red Soil Sloping Land builds the method that compound straw cord retains soil nutrient, it is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) herbage variety forms and selects: build the grass seeds that compound straw cord uses, and at least by 2 kinds of function differences, the grass seeds mixing that simultaneously can retain the herbage variety of available nitrogen in soil, rapid available phosphorus and available potassium nutrient is respectively formed;
(2) wholely with fertilising: open drilling band Red Soil Sloping Land is contour; When for Red Soil Sloping Land ladder native orchard, open drilling band in the outer rim of every ladder; Fertilising in band;
(3) seed presowing treatment: before grass seeds sowing, to nonloegume forage seed, adjusts yellow mud seed dressing with phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria agent suspension; To Leguminous grass seed, adjust the rhizosphere soil or mud seed dressing of planting this leguminous forage with phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria agent suspension;
(4) sow: the grass seed processed through step (3) is sown in band equably, then covers one deck fine earth or fine sand;
(5) field management: comprise before and after emerging and water, look into seedling and reseed, cut weeds, chase after and carry seed manure, cradle.
2. Red Soil Sloping Land according to claim 1 builds the method that compound straw cord retains soil nutrient, it is characterized in that, in step (1), described in build compound straw cord use grass seeds, be made up of paspalum notatum grass seeds and butch clover grass seeds.
3. the Red Soil Sloping Land piece described in Ju claim 1 or 2 builds the method that compound straw cord retains soil nutrient, and it is characterized in that, in step (2), namely described drilling band sows the seed furrow that herbage builds band, and furrow width is 35-45cm, ditch depth 8-12cm; Organic fertilizer in seed furrow.
4. Ju Red Soil Sloping Land according to claim 3 builds the method that compound straw cord retains soil nutrient, it is characterized in that, described fertilizer is the mixture of dried poultrymanure and cake-shaped rape seed dregs cake, and amount of application is, every 667 ㎡ execute 80-100kg.
5. the Red Soil Sloping Land piece described in Ju claim 3 or 4 builds the method that compound straw cord retains soil nutrient, and it is characterized in that, in step (2), described seed furrow, furrow width is 40cm, ditch depth 10cm.
6. Ju Red Soil Sloping Land according to claim 2 builds the method that compound straw cord retains soil nutrient, it is characterized in that, in step (3), before sowing, " alternating temperature " process is done to paspalum notatum seed, namely first soak with cold water and crumple, making it absorb water, then remove cold water, with the emerge in worm water 22-26h of 38 DEG C ~ 42 DEG C, then airing, mixes with Trifolium repense grass seeds, then with planting the rhizosphere soil of more than 2 years butch clovers or adjusting the seed dressing of phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria pulvis suspension containing the mud of rhizobium.
7. Ju Red Soil Sloping Land according to claim 6 builds the method that compound straw cord retains soil nutrient, it is characterized in that, it is formulated that described phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria pulvis suspension is watered 450-550g by 1g phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria pulvis; Soil weight is the 8-12% of grass seeds weight; Phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria pulvis suspension consumption: rhizosphere soil can be made moistening, and earth can be bonded on grass seeds.
8. the Red Soil Sloping Land that one of Ju claim 1-7 is described builds the method that compound straw cord retains soil nutrient, it is characterized in that, in step (4), grass seeds is added fine earth in the ratio that fine earth and the ratio of grass seeds weight are 1: 1, mixing sowing.
9. the Red Soil Sloping Land that one of root Ju claim 1-8 is described builds the method that compound straw cord retains soil nutrient, and it is characterized in that, the fine earth of described covering or the thickness of fine sand are 1.0-1.5cm.
10. the Red Soil Sloping Land that one of Ju claim 1-9 is described builds the method that compound straw cord retains soil nutrient, it is characterized in that, in step (5), before emerging, every day respectively waters 1 time sooner or later, and after emerging, every morning waters; 15-20d after emerging, every 667 ㎡ chase after urea 2.5-3.0kg and each 4.5 ~ 5.5kg of phosphorus potash fertilizer; When grass layer natural height reaches 20-30cm, cradle, toothing 3-5cm; Cradle 3-5 time every year, after cradling, impose instant nitrogenousfertilizer at every turn; The forage cradled returns to soil and makes fertilizer or make poultry feed, grass carp bait.
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| CN105638219A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2016-06-08 | 山西省农业科学院高寒区作物研究所 | Cultivation method for increasing yield of alfalfa by means of biological inoculation agent |
| CN105706678A (en) * | 2016-01-24 | 2016-06-29 | 山东农业大学 | Method for preventing and treating river levee water and soil loss through paspalum natatum |
| CN105961118A (en) * | 2016-05-24 | 2016-09-28 | 谢庭生 | Method for interplanting pasture in camellia oleifera field for raising and stocking poultry |
| CN106922360A (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2017-07-07 | 吉林省农业科学院 | A kind of sloping upland alternating method |
| CN112262705A (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2021-01-26 | 咸阳职业技术学院 | Method for improving soil productivity of apple orchard by planting white clover |
| CN113316985A (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2021-08-31 | 上海温锌科技有限公司 | Method for treating soil desertification |
| CN114342748A (en) * | 2022-01-04 | 2022-04-15 | 中国科学院成都生物研究所 | Soil covering and three-dimensional fertilizer preservation method for hillside orchard |
| CN116267382A (en) * | 2023-02-16 | 2023-06-23 | 西南大学 | Ecological composite utilization method for under-forest water regulation, soil conservation and carbon fixation |
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| CN105706678A (en) * | 2016-01-24 | 2016-06-29 | 山东农业大学 | Method for preventing and treating river levee water and soil loss through paspalum natatum |
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| CN105961118B (en) * | 2016-05-24 | 2020-04-07 | 谢庭生 | Method for interplanting pasture in tea-oil tree field for feeding and stocking poultry |
| CN106922360A (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2017-07-07 | 吉林省农业科学院 | A kind of sloping upland alternating method |
| CN112262705A (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2021-01-26 | 咸阳职业技术学院 | Method for improving soil productivity of apple orchard by planting white clover |
| CN113316985A (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2021-08-31 | 上海温锌科技有限公司 | Method for treating soil desertification |
| CN114342748A (en) * | 2022-01-04 | 2022-04-15 | 中国科学院成都生物研究所 | Soil covering and three-dimensional fertilizer preservation method for hillside orchard |
| CN116267382A (en) * | 2023-02-16 | 2023-06-23 | 西南大学 | Ecological composite utilization method for under-forest water regulation, soil conservation and carbon fixation |
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