CN105116449A - Method for identifying weak reflection reservoir - Google Patents

Method for identifying weak reflection reservoir Download PDF

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CN105116449A
CN105116449A CN201510490828.4A CN201510490828A CN105116449A CN 105116449 A CN105116449 A CN 105116449A CN 201510490828 A CN201510490828 A CN 201510490828A CN 105116449 A CN105116449 A CN 105116449A
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reservoir
seismic
weak
reflection
weak reflection
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CN105116449B (en
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熊健
付江娜
刘娟
安艳君
宋灿灿
郭佳玉
刘桂林
杨卫琪
张聪
林中
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China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
Institute of Geophysical Prospecting of Sinopec Henan Oilfield Branch Co
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China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
Institute of Geophysical Prospecting of Sinopec Henan Oilfield Branch Co
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for identifying a weak reflection reservoir. Firstly, according to a formation lithology structural characteristic, the geological factors of seismic weak reflection lithology oil reservoir formation is determined through forward modeling, then seismic data is subjected to frequency extraction and filtering process so as to improve the identification ability of a weak reflection small size target by earthquake, then the seismic facies analysis is carried out, a seismic weak reflection development zone is determined, seismic attribute analysis is carried out, the distribution characteristics of the weak reflection reservoir is finely described, and the weak reflection reservoir is identified through the seismic weak reflection development zone and the reservoir distribution characteristics obtained according to the seismic facies and the seismic attribute. The identification and hydrocarbon potential detection are carried out through wavelet decomposition and reconstruction, the precision of reservoir prediction and trap identification are improved, and the purpose of improving the success rate of drilling is achieved. According to the method, the precision of weak reflection geological target identification and fine description are effectively raised, the method is systematic, effective, economical and practical, and the method is widely applied to the oil and gas exploration under the same geological conditions and has good social and economic values.

Description

A kind of recognition methods of weak reflection reservoir
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of recognition methods of weak reflection reservoir, belong to petroleum exploration and development technical field.
Background technology
Along with the raising day by day of Continental Basins In China Songliao basin, the importance and functions of lithologic deposit seems more and more important, exploration object is mainly the fields such as little sand body, narrow river course, thin interbed, these snugly plastid because small scale, thickness are thin, accelerate mutually, seismic reflection response characteristic often shows as weak reflection configuration, make RESERVOIR RECOGNITION, prediction difficulty large, seriously govern oil-gas exploration and development process.
In recent years, for this advanced subject of applied research of the weak reflection Reservoir Description based on seismic data, from the Forming Mechanism of weak reflection lithologic deposit, method of exploration has done further investigated and Beneficial, but because the difficulties in exploration of lithologic deposit is high, with the complicacy of terrestrial lake basin deposition itself, the signal analysis theory system for weak reflection reservoir pattern also relatively not complete at present, wave field characteristics sunykatuib analysis, and weak reflection reservoir pattern seismic data interpretation method, not yet form the application of seismic data investigative technique system for weak reflection reservoir of complete set, have a strong impact on the success ratio of complex lithology reservoir exploration and development, weak this difficult problem of reflection lithologic reservoirs how carrying out having commercial value at terrestrial lake basin is made still to be in the exploratory stage.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of recognition methods of weak reflection reservoir, to solve the problem that seismic reflection response characteristic is the RESERVOIR RECOGNITION difficulty of weak reflection configuration.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the recognition methods providing a kind of weak reflection reservoir, and this recognition methods comprises the following steps:
1) carry out forward simulation to the Seismic reflection character based on formation lithology structure, analyze the geologic agent that the weak reflection lithologic oil pool of earthquake is formed, set up the corresponding relation between reservoir and seismic response, guiding reservoir is demarcated and RESERVOIR RECOGNITION;
2) enhancing process is carried out to strengthen the weak reflected signal of earthquake to weak seismic reflection signals, improve the recognition capability to weak reflection small scale target;
3) on the basis that Fine Reservoir is demarcated, stablizing earthquake reflection line-ups zero phase as reference lamina, window during by selecting to explain that weak reflection reservoir is contiguous, extracting objective interval seismic facies identification weak reflection reservoir development zone;
4) spectral decomposition is carried out to the weak seismic reflection signals after process, extract the seismic properties of spectral decomposition data volume and it is analyzed, portraying Over Reservoir Spreading Characteristics;
5) the weak reflection reservoir development zone that obtains of base area seismic phase and seismic properties and the weak reflection reservoir of Over Reservoir Spreading Characteristics identification.
Described recognition methods also comprises the reliability by the decomposed and reconstituted checking RESERVOIR RECOGNITION of multiple wavelet, and predicting reservoir oil-gas possibility identifies and implements lithologic trap.
Described step 1) in geologic agent comprise resistance difference, stratal configuration and stratum tuning thickness.
Described step 2) in the enhancing process of weak seismic reflection signals comprised carry frequently and filtering process, first process is frequently carried with the radio-frequency component increasing seismic data to weak seismic reflection signals, widen frequency span, strengthen weak reflected signal, improve the longitudinal frame of geological data; Again filtering process is carried out to it, make seismic reflection axle laterally continuously, longitudinal resolution is clear, waveform change is more stable.
Described rapid 3) in, seismic facies analysis is on the basis that Fine Reservoir is demarcated, to explain that the contiguous earthquake reflection line-ups zero phase of stablizing of weak reflection reservoir is as reference reference lamina, window when choosing, extract the seismic properties of target interval, carry out the mutual and seismic facies cluster analysis of seismic multi-attribute iteration and obtain.
Described step 4) in seismic properties comprise static rock stratum seismic properties and dynamic reservoir evolution seismic attributes analysis.
The rock stratum seismic attributes analysis of described static state is in step 3) in Fine Reservoir demarcate and reference layer Fine structural interpretation basis on, by extracting target interval to the seismic properties of reservoir sensitivity, in conjunction with deposition characteristics research and drilling information, predict the planar distribution feature of weak reflection reservoir statically.
Described dynamic reservoir evolution seismic attributes analysis is on the basis in weak reflection reservoir calibration, explain the seismic reflection lineups zero phase that its two, end of top is stable, as large sedimentary cycle reference layer, portray the spatial evolution process of weak reflection reservoir by extracting the Changing Pattern browsing body section in stratum between reference layer.
Described multiple wavelet is decomposed and reconstituted is wavelet in seismic data frequency bandwidth range decomposed.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: first the present invention carries out forward simulation to the Seismic reflection character based on formation lithology structure, determine the geologic agent that the weak reflection lithologic oil pool of earthquake is formed; Enhancing process is carried out to strengthen the weak reflected signal of earthquake to weak seismic reflection signals, improves the recognition capability to weak reflection small scale target; According to the Fine structural interpretation of target reservoir, by seismic facies identification weak reflection reservoir development zone; Spectral decomposition is carried out to the weak seismic reflection signals after process, extracts the seismic properties of spectral decomposition data volume and it is analyzed, portraying Over Reservoir Spreading Characteristics; Seismic facies and the analysis result of seismic properties are combined with the deposition characteristics of target reservoir, weak reflection reservoir is identified.And undertaken verifying and hydrocarbon potential detection by wavelet decomposition reconstruct, improve the precision of reservoir prediction and trap identification, reach the object improving probing success ratio.The weak reflection geologic objective identification that the present invention improves effectively " yardstick is little, change is fast, pattern many " and the precision of fine description, there is system, the feature such as effective, economic, practical, oil-gas exploration under the identical geologic condition of widespread use, has good society and economic worth.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram that the recognition methods of the weak reflection reservoir of continental basins of the present invention is applied to instantiation;
Fig. 2 is the Seismic reflection character forward simulation figure based on formation lithology structure in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is turbidite fan H in the embodiment of the present invention 3iI 10 substratum seismic facies analysis figure;
Fig. 4 is turbidite fan H in the embodiment of the present invention 3iI 10 substratum stratum body section seismic attributes analysis figure;
Fig. 5 is turbidite fan wavelet decomposition reconstruct G104-B377-B381-G101-B383 in the embodiment of the present invention
-B142 joins comparison diagram before and after well profile wavelet decomposition.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described further.
According to stratum lithologic structure feature, by forward simulation, seismic data special processing, seismic attributes analysis, the Distribution Characteristics of the weak reflection reservoir of meticulous depiction, and undertaken verifying and hydrocarbon potential detection by wavelet decomposition reconstruct, improve the precision of reservoir prediction and trap identification, reach the object improving probing success ratio.
As shown in Figure 1, Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of the recognition methods of the weak reflection reservoir of continental basins of the present invention, is described below for turbidite fan.
1. pass through turbidite fan formation lithology structure analysis, this district's reservoir thickness is generally less than 8m, is the thin mudstone foundation that thickness does not wait between reservoir.Design 15,30, under 60Hz dominant frequency, not uniform thickness 16m, 8m, 4m, 2m sandstone not uniform thickness interval alternating layers lithological combination (as shown in Figure 2), pass through forward simulation, the thin sand-mud interbed seismic reservoir response amplitude that thickness is less than 8m is more weak, and reservoir structure variable effect Seismic reflection character.
2. first process is frequently carried to seismic data and increase the radio-frequency component of seismic data, widen frequency span, strengthen weak reflected signal, improve the longitudinal frame of geological data, carry out filtering process again, make seismic reflection axle laterally continuously, longitudinal resolution is clear, waveform change is more stable, and continuous trackings being conducive to reservoir explains and reservoir prediction is studied.
3. on the basis that Fine Reservoir is demarcated, explain that weak reflection reservoir is contiguous and stablize earthquake reflection line-ups zero phase, as reference reference lamina, window when choosing suitable, extract the seismic properties of target interval, and carry out the mutual and seismic facies cluster analysis of seismic multi-attribute iteration, be 4 by seismic facies optimum configurations point number of stages, generate turbidite fan H 3iI 10 substratum seismic facies maps (Fig. 3), determine in conjunction with seismic section the seismic response features that each seismic facies is corresponding, determine that the Favorable Zones of target interval weak reflection reservoir development is middle smooth sea peak and middle smooth sea paddy facies tract thus.
4. on the basis of spectral decomposition, portrayed the planar distribution feature of reservoir by the seismic properties extracting spectral decomposition data volume, comprise static along layer seismic properties (step 5) and dynamic reservoir evolution seismic attributes analysis (step 6).
5. in step 3 Fine Reservoir demarcate and reference layer Fine structural interpretation basis on, extract target interval to the seismic properties of reservoir sensitivity, in conjunction with deposition characteristics research and drilling information, predict the planar distribution feature of weak reflection reservoir statically.
6. the sand-mud interbed reservoir under nonmarine deposit environmental baseline, the environmental change of main reflection sedimentary cycle.On the basis of weak reflection reservoir calibration, explain the seismic reflection lineups zero phase that its two, end of top is stable, as large sedimentary cycle reference layer, portray the spatial evolution process of weak reflection reservoir by extracting the Changing Pattern browsing body section in stratum between reference layer.In conjunction with rational drilling information, selection can represent Reservoir Distribution rule stratum body section (Fig. 4), predicts the spatial of thin reservoir, can improve Seismic Reservoir Prediction spatial resolution.At Fig. 4 turbidite fan H 3on II 10 substratum stratum body section seismic attributes analysis figure, B377, G101 wellblock is produce oil region, B381, G106, B413 well H 3iI 10 substratums are water layer, seismic attributes analysis and results of drilling more identical, the accuracy predicted the outcome is described thus, simultaneously identifies a lithologic trap, area 0.6km in B380 well southwest 2.
7. join on well original section figure (Fig. 5) at turbidite fan G104-B377-B381-G101-B383-B142, G104, B377, B381, G101, B383, G106, B142 well H 3iI 10 substratum seismic responses are weak reflectance signature, first decompose 10-80Hz (seismic data frequency span) wavelet, then reconstruct 10-30Hz seismic wavelet.At sub-10-30Hz on wavelet decomposition reconstruct section, the producing oil wells such as G104, B377, G101, EG2, H 3iI 10 substratum seismic responses still show as weak reflection at peak, and other H 3iI 10 substratums are that the well of water layer shows as trough or blank reflection, show oil well H 3iI 10 substratum seismic responses are based on low frequency, and well, based on high frequency, represents the feature of the seismic reflection spectral decay when oily.
The present invention passes through historical well analysis, in the place of well oil-bearing reservoir, retain the geophysical response of reservoir, at other not oil-containings or not containing the Jing Chu of reservoir, by screening wavelet, make it not comprise any signal, or comprise the least possible signal, the situation of comprehensive all wells determines the wavelet combination parameter of the geophysical response that contains only reservoir, and carries out the reconstruct of multiple wavelet seismic trace.
8. seismic facies and seismic attributes analysis result are combined with deposition characteristics research, identify lithology, tomography-lithologic trap, and by wavelet decomposition reconstruct to the meticulous hydrocarbon potential detection of trap identified, preferred favo(u)rable target, improves drilling success.By exploration in early stage, identify lithology, tomography-lithologic trap 2 in B398, B377 wellblock, complete shop in this enforcement, B398 wellblock fault-lithological oil pool verifies geologic reserve 101.53 × 10 4t, technologically recoverable reserves 23.35 × 10 4petroleum-in-place 80 × 10 is estimated in the lithologic trap of t, B377 wellblock 4t.

Claims (9)

1. a recognition methods for weak reflection reservoir, is characterized in that, this recognition methods comprises the following steps:
1) carry out forward simulation to the Seismic reflection character based on formation lithology structure, analyze the geologic agent that the weak reflection lithologic oil pool of earthquake is formed, set up the corresponding relation between reservoir and seismic response, guiding reservoir is demarcated and RESERVOIR RECOGNITION;
2) enhancing process is carried out to strengthen the weak reflected signal of earthquake to weak seismic reflection signals, improve the recognition capability to weak reflection small scale target;
3) on the basis that Fine Reservoir is demarcated, stablizing earthquake reflection line-ups zero phase as reference lamina, window during by selecting to explain that weak reflection reservoir is contiguous, extracting objective interval seismic facies identification weak reflection reservoir development zone;
4) spectral decomposition is carried out to the weak seismic reflection signals after process, extract the seismic properties of spectral decomposition data volume and it is analyzed, portraying Over Reservoir Spreading Characteristics;
5) the weak reflection reservoir development zone that obtains of base area seismic phase and seismic properties and the weak reflection reservoir of Over Reservoir Spreading Characteristics identification.
2. the recognition methods of weak reflection reservoir according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described recognition methods also comprises the reliability by the decomposed and reconstituted checking RESERVOIR RECOGNITION of multiple wavelet, and predicting reservoir oil-gas possibility identifies and implements lithologic trap.
3. the recognition methods of weak reflection reservoir according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described step 1) in geologic agent comprise resistance difference, stratal configuration and stratum tuning thickness.
4. the recognition methods of weak reflection reservoir according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, described step 2) in the enhancing process of weak seismic reflection signals comprised carry frequently and filtering process, first process is frequently carried with the radio-frequency component increasing seismic data to weak seismic reflection signals, widen frequency span, strengthen weak reflected signal, improve the longitudinal frame of geological data; Again filtering process is carried out to it, make seismic reflection axle laterally continuously, longitudinal resolution is clear, waveform change is more stable.
5. the recognition methods of weak reflection reservoir according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, described rapid 3) in, seismic facies analysis is on the basis that Fine Reservoir is demarcated, to explain that the contiguous earthquake reflection line-ups zero phase of stablizing of weak reflection reservoir is as reference reference lamina, window when choosing, extract the seismic properties of target interval, carry out the mutual and seismic facies cluster analysis of seismic multi-attribute iteration and obtain.
6. the recognition methods of weak reflection reservoir according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described step 4) in seismic properties comprise static rock stratum seismic properties and dynamic reservoir evolution seismic attributes analysis.
7. the recognition methods of weak reflection reservoir according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, the rock stratum seismic attributes analysis of described static state is in step 3) in Fine Reservoir demarcate and reference layer Fine structural interpretation basis on, by extracting target interval to the seismic properties of reservoir sensitivity, in conjunction with deposition characteristics research and drilling information, predict the planar distribution feature of weak reflection reservoir statically.
8. the recognition methods of weak reflection reservoir according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described dynamic reservoir evolution seismic attributes analysis is on the basis in weak reflection reservoir calibration, explain the seismic reflection lineups zero phase that its two, end of top is stable, as large sedimentary cycle reference layer, portray the spatial evolution process of weak reflection reservoir by extracting the Changing Pattern browsing body section in stratum between reference layer.
9. the recognition methods of weak reflection reservoir according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described multiple wavelet is decomposed and reconstituted is wavelet in seismic data frequency bandwidth range decomposed.
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Cited By (6)

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CN109239783A (en) * 2018-10-10 2019-01-18 东北石油大学 A kind of method that well shakes choice earthquake information in combination
CN109736791A (en) * 2019-01-02 2019-05-10 中国石油大港油田勘探开发研究院 Second interpretation technical method towards reservoir in a kind of oil and gas development
CN112130209A (en) * 2020-08-28 2020-12-25 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 Karst reservoir prediction method and device
CN112649865A (en) * 2019-10-12 2021-04-13 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Volcanic reservoir identification method and system based on characteristic wavelets
CN112698382A (en) * 2020-12-04 2021-04-23 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Small-scale fault control karst reservoir earthquake prediction method and device
CN113294150A (en) * 2021-06-11 2021-08-24 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Element classification method and system

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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109239783A (en) * 2018-10-10 2019-01-18 东北石油大学 A kind of method that well shakes choice earthquake information in combination
CN109736791A (en) * 2019-01-02 2019-05-10 中国石油大港油田勘探开发研究院 Second interpretation technical method towards reservoir in a kind of oil and gas development
CN112649865A (en) * 2019-10-12 2021-04-13 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Volcanic reservoir identification method and system based on characteristic wavelets
CN112649865B (en) * 2019-10-12 2024-04-09 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Volcanic rock reservoir identification method and system based on characteristic wavelets
CN112130209A (en) * 2020-08-28 2020-12-25 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 Karst reservoir prediction method and device
CN112130209B (en) * 2020-08-28 2024-03-26 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 Karst reservoir prediction method and device
CN112698382A (en) * 2020-12-04 2021-04-23 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Small-scale fault control karst reservoir earthquake prediction method and device
CN112698382B (en) * 2020-12-04 2023-09-26 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Small-scale breaking control karst reservoir earthquake prediction method and device
CN113294150A (en) * 2021-06-11 2021-08-24 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Element classification method and system
CN113294150B (en) * 2021-06-11 2023-05-23 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Element classification method and system

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