CN105115788B - Water pollutant time weighted average concentration sampler based on osmotic pumps and Solid Phase Extraction - Google Patents
Water pollutant time weighted average concentration sampler based on osmotic pumps and Solid Phase Extraction Download PDFInfo
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- CN105115788B CN105115788B CN201510518146.XA CN201510518146A CN105115788B CN 105115788 B CN105115788 B CN 105115788B CN 201510518146 A CN201510518146 A CN 201510518146A CN 105115788 B CN105115788 B CN 105115788B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the water pollutant time weighted average concentration sampler based on osmotic pumps and Solid Phase Extraction, Solid Phase Extraction unit, sampling volume determination unit and sampling osmotic pumps including internal filling adsorbent；Sampling volume determination unit is used to determine to flow through the volume of water sample of Solid Phase Extraction unit.Osmotic pumps are used to sample power, without powering, and it is small, light-weight, therefore can easily be laid in water body.Anion and cation exchange resin is added in the distilled water of sampling osmotic pumps, absorption enters the ion in distilled water through permeable membrane, ensures that the osmotic pressure value of permeable membrane both sides is invariable, so as to which the sample rate of sampling osmotic pumps be made to keep stablizing, obtained CTWAIt is more representative.Plurality of reagents is added in into sampler by the reagent add module based on osmotic pumps, can both kill microorganism, eliminates its influence, accuracy is improved, and can pH value be adjusted by reagent, realizes the highly effective gathering to different shape pollutant.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to water sampling device, more specifically to a kind of based on the dirt of the water body of osmotic pumps and Solid Phase Extraction
Contaminate object time weighted average concentration sampler.
Background technology
Time weighted average concentration (time-weighted the average concentration, C of water pollutantTWA)
Refer to water pollutant concentration changes with time, obtained by carrying out time weight to the pollutant concentration in certain time averagely
The concentration arrived, size can objectively respond the concentration level of pollutant in water body in this time, accurately characterize water body
Pollution situation.
Common acquisition CTWAMethod be to be sampled using Passive sampler.Passive sampler cloth is placed in water body
It is recycled after a period of time, measures the total amount of pollutant (m accumulated on samplerSampler), by laying the time (t) and testing in advance
Sampling rate (the R that room measuress) obtain the total volume (V for acquiring water sampleWater sample), C is calculated by following formulaTWA：
Common Passive sampler includes semipermeable membrane devices (SPMD), diffusion film (DGT), chemical collecting deviceWith polar organic matter integrated sampling device (POCIS) etc., generally by solid absorbent, grease or organic
The receptions such as solvent phase and filtration module are into pollutant enters reception by diffusion completely and mutually adsorbed or inhaled by reception phase
It receives.Passive sampler can carry out continuous monitoring, without external impetus, lay conveniently, at present in monitoring water environment
To extensive use.However, its sampling rate RsIt is influenced by actual environment condition such as water velocity and temperature, biology is in mistake in addition
R can also be caused by being blocked caused by being grown on filter membranesVariation, eventually lead to acquisition water sample total volume VWater sampleError it is very big.Mesh
Before, it can only realize that qualitative or sxemiquantitative monitors using Passive sampler, greatly limit water pollutant CTWAAccurate acquisition.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide one kind can obtain water pollutant high accuracy
CTWAThe water pollutant time weighted average concentration sampler based on osmotic pumps and Solid Phase Extraction.
Technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of water pollutant time weighted average concentration sampler based on osmotic pumps and Solid Phase Extraction, is filled out including inside
Fill Solid Phase Extraction unit, sampling volume determination unit and the sampling osmotic pumps of adsorbent；Sampling volume determination unit is used to determine
The volume of water sample of Solid Phase Extraction unit is flowed through, Solid Phase Extraction unit, sampling volume determination unit, sampling osmotic pumps are sequentially connected,
Either Solid Phase Extraction unit, sampling osmotic pumps, sampling volume determination unit is sequentially connected or Solid Phase Extraction unit, one sampling
Volume determination unit, sampling osmotic pumps, another sampling volume determination unit are sequentially connected.
Preferably, sampling volume determination unit is to be connected to distillation water coil and/or the connection of sampling osmotic pumps front end
Reagent bag in sampling osmotic pumps rear end distills in water coil and loads distilled water in advance.
Preferably, sampling osmotic pumps include sealing shell, permeable membrane, permeable membrane separates the inner space of sealing shell
Into distillation hydroecium and solution room, distilled water and anion exchange resin, cation exchange resin, solution room are loaded in distilled water room
Interior filling saturated salt solution and salt solid.
Preferably, the front end connection filter of Solid Phase Extraction unit, aqueous sample stream enter Solid Phase Extraction list after filter
Member.
Preferably, the adsorbent in Solid Phase Extraction unit is C18Bonded silica gel, HLB adsorbents or ion exchange resin.
Preferably, further include at least one reagent add module；Reagent add module includes reagent osmotic pumps and reagent
Coil pipe；Reagent osmotic pumps include sealing shell, permeable membrane, permeable membrane by the inner space of sealing shell be separated into distillation hydroecium with
Solution room loads distilled water and anion exchange resin, cation exchange resin in distilled water room, saturated salt is loaded in solution room
Solution and salt solid；The functional reagent for having known specific function is loaded in reagent coil pipe；One end of reagent coil pipe is connected to
The solution room of reagent osmotic pumps, the other end are connected with the entrance of sampler, and functional reagent enters sampler and mixed with water sample.
Preferably, functional reagent includes biocide or acid-base solution.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows：
The volume for the salting liquid being collected into the information obtained by volume determination unit, i.e. reagent bag is stored in distillation
The volume of water sample in water coil, can accurately obtain into sampler and flow through Solid Phase Extraction unit water sample volume, that is, adopt
Collect the total volume (V of water sampleWater sample), therefore the C measuredTWAIt is extremely accurate.
Osmotic pumps are used to sample power, it is and small, light-weight without power supply, therefore can in water body easily cloth
It puts.
Anion and cation exchange resin is added in the distilled water of sampling osmotic pumps, absorption enters distilled water through permeable membrane
In ion and the ion in water sample, ensure that the osmotic pressure value of permeable membrane both sides is invariable, so as to make sampling osmotic pumps
Sample rate keep stablize, obtained CTWAIt is more representative.
Plurality of reagents is added in into sampler by the reagent add module based on osmotic pumps, microorganism can be both killed, disappear
Except its influence, accuracy is improved, and can pH value be adjusted by reagent, realize the highly effective gathering to different shape pollutant.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that (sampling volume determination unit only sets distillation water coil to structure diagram of the invention, and is not provided with reagent
Add module)；
Fig. 2 is that (sampling volume determination unit only sets reagent bag to structure diagram of the invention, and is not provided with reagent addition
Module)；
Fig. 3 is that (setting of sampling volume determination unit distills water coil and reagent bag, and do not set to structure diagram of the invention
Put reagent add module)；
The structure diagram that Fig. 4 is the present invention (on the basis of embodiment shown in Fig. 3, increases setting filter and one
Reagent add module)；
The structure diagram that Fig. 5 is the present invention (on the basis of embodiment shown in Fig. 3, increases setting filter and two
Reagent add module)；
In figure：10 be Solid Phase Extraction unit, and 11 be distillation water coil, and 12 be sampling osmotic pumps, and 13 be reagent bag, and 14 were
Filter, 15 be reagent osmotic pumps, and 16 be reagent coil pipe, and 17 be sealing shell, and 18 be permeable membrane, and 19 be distillation hydroecium, and 20 be molten
Liquid chamber, 21 be salt solid, and 22 be anion and cation exchange resin, and 23 be bubble.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
The present invention provides a kind of water pollutant time weighted average concentration sampler based on osmotic pumps and Solid Phase Extraction,
Including Solid Phase Extraction unit 10, sampling volume determination unit, sampling osmotic pumps 12.Before Solid Phase Extraction unit 10 is located at sampler
End, shape can be that pillar (cartridge) can also be disk (disk).Solid absorption is housed in Solid Phase Extraction unit 10
Agent, for adsorbing the pollutant in the water sample flowed through, these adsorbents include C18Bonded silica gel, HLB or ion exchange resin etc..
Sampling volume determination unit is the component for determining sampling volume, including distillation water coil 11, reagent bag 13 or both combination
Setting；According to its design feature, in sampler of the present invention, Solid Phase Extraction unit 10, distillation water coil 11, sampling infiltration
Pump 12 is sequentially connected, as shown in Figure 1；Or Solid Phase Extraction unit 10, sampling osmotic pumps 12, reagent bag 13 are sequentially connected, such as Fig. 2
It is shown；Or Solid Phase Extraction unit 10, distillation water coil 11, sampling osmotic pumps 12, reagent bag 13 are sequentially connected, as shown in Figure 3.
The both ends of distillation water coil 11 connect the rear end of Solid Phase Extraction unit 10 and the front end of sampling osmotic pumps 12 respectively, steam
Distilled water is loaded in distilled water coil pipe 11 in advance, while one is set at tie point of the distillation water coil 11 with Solid Phase Extraction unit 10
Section bubble, bubble during practical application in distillation water coil 11 can be toward the direction movement of sampling osmotic pumps 12, the stop bit of bubble
It is sampling volume (V to put into one section of coil pipe of initial position stored volume of water sampleWater sample).Distillation water coil 11 is also risen to ooze
Pump provides the effect of distilled water thoroughly.
Reagent bag 13 is connected to 12 rear end of sampling osmotic pumps, that is, samples the outlet of osmotic pumps 12, receives from sampling osmotic pumps
The salting liquid of 12 outflows after the volume of the salting liquid in reagent bag 13 deducts the influence of salt, can obtain sampling volume (VWater sample)。
When distilling water coil 11 and reagent bag 13 is set simultaneously, as shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, sampling volume (VWater sample) can
It is determined by two kinds of sampling volume determination units any one.Bubble 23 can be also not provided in distillation water coil 11, at this point, sampling
Volume (VWater sample) determined by reagent bag 13, distillation water coil 11 plays a part of to provide distilled water for osmotic pumps.
Sampling osmotic pumps 12 are the sampling power of sampler, and including sealing shell 17, permeable membrane 18, permeable membrane 18 will seal
The inner space of shell 17 is separated into distillation hydroecium 19 and solution room 20；Saturated salt solution (NaCl solution) is loaded in solution room 20
And salt solid 21 (NaCl solids), ensure that NaCl solution is always maintained at saturation state during work；It distills to load in hydroecium 19 and steam
Distilled water and anion exchange resin, cation exchange resin 22, with adsorb through permeable membrane 18 enter distilled water in ion and
Ion in water sample ensures that the difference of 18 both sides solution ion strength of sampling period permeable membrane is invariable, so as to stablize
The flow velocity of osmotic pumps.
It, can be in 10 front of Solid Phase Extraction unit of sampler plus filter 14, water sample when the particle in water body is more
Enter from filter 14, particulate matter can be avoided to enter sampler.
The invention also includes at least one reagent add module, as shown in Figure 4, Figure 5.Reagent add module is oozed including reagent
Pump 15, reagent coil pipe 16 thoroughly, reagent coil pipe 16 are used for storage function reagent, and reagent osmotic pumps 15 push the functional reagent in coil pipe
Into sampler.The structure of reagent osmotic pumps 15 is identical with sampling osmotic pumps 12, and flow velocity is much smaller than sampling osmotic pumps 12.Reagent
Osmotic pumps 15 include sealing shell 17, permeable membrane 18, and the inner space of sealing shell 17 is separated into distillation hydroecium by permeable membrane 18
19 with solution room 20；Saturated salt solution (NaCl solution) and salt solid 21 (NaCl solids) are loaded in solution room 20, ensures work
Period NaCl solution is always maintained at saturation state；It distills and distilled water and anion exchange resin, cation friendship is loaded in hydroecium 19
Change resin 22；The reagent for having known specific function is loaded in reagent coil pipe 16.When being not provided with filter 14, reagent coil pipe
16 one end is connected to the front end of Solid Phase Extraction unit 10；When there is setting filter 14, one end of reagent coil pipe 16 is connected to
The front end of filter 14.The other end of reagent coil pipe 16 is connected to the solution room 20 of reagent osmotic pumps 15.Reagent osmotic pumps 15 push away
Functional reagent in dynamic reagent coil pipe 16 enters sampler and is mixed with water sample.
It can be added as needed on multiple functional reagents, the functional reagent in reagent coil pipe 16 includes the mercury chloride for killing livestock
Or the biocides such as formaldehyde and the acid-base solution for adjusting pH value.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment includes a reagent add module, as shown in figure 4, it is 0.45 micron that aperture is housed in filter 14
Filter membrane, for removing the particulate matter in water removal.Adsorbent in Solid Phase Extraction unit 10 is C18Bonded silica gel.Distilling water coil 11 is
Flexible PVC pipe.The sealing shell 17 for sampling osmotic pumps 12 is processed using organic glass；It is usually used in the reverse osmosis membrane of water process as made pottery
For family name's (DOW) reverse osmosis membrane as permeable membrane 18, the size of permeable membrane 18 is true by factors such as the sampling flow velocity needed and sampling times
It is fixed；Polishing resin such as Tao Shi DOWEX can be used in anion exchange resin, cation exchange resinTM.Reagent bag 13 use capacity for
1 liter of PE bags.The structure of reagent osmotic pumps 15 and material used are with sampling osmotic pumps 12, but volume and flow velocity are smaller.Reagent
Coil pipe 16 be FEP or PTFE plastic tubes, built-in biocide such as saturation mercuric chloride solution.
The sampler of the present embodiment is used to acquire nonpolar pollutant such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, Polychlorinated biphenyls, more bromines connection in water
Phenylate etc..
The operational process of the present invention is as follows：
Sampler is laid in tested water body.Under the action of osmotic pressure, the distilled water sampled in osmotic pumps 12 can be with
Certain speed into the saturation NaCl solution of opposite side, so as to provide power, water sample is sucked and is sampled by permeable membrane 18
In device.Under the action of osmotic pumps 12 are sampled, water sample filters out particle by filter 14, into Solid Phase Extraction unit 10, water
In target contaminant such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, Polychlorinated biphenyls, polybrominated diphenyl ethers by the adsorbent C in Solid Phase Extraction unit 1018Key
It closes silica gel to be adsorbed, efflux enters in distillation water coil 11, distills the distilled water stored in water coil 11 and then oozes into sampling
The entrance of pump 12 thoroughly, the saturation NaCl solution flowed out from the outlet of sampling osmotic pumps 12 is collected by reagent bag 13.
While sampling, reagent osmotic pumps 15 push the biocide such as saturation mercuric chloride solution in reagent coil pipe 16 to enter
Sampler, and mixed with water sample.Biocide can kill various microorganisms present in water sample, prevent microorganism raw on filter membrane
Length results in blockage and eliminate microorganism may impact to adsorbing the object on Solid Phase Extraction unit 10.
The present invention is recycled after laying, the target contaminant on adsorbent in elution Solid Phase Extraction unit 10, and
The total amount of pollutant (the m adsorbed with corresponding Instrument measuringSampler), while it is molten according to the saturation NaCl being collected into reagent bag 13
The volume of water sample stored in the amount of liquid or distillation water coil 11 determines that the total volume of the water sample into sampler samples body
Product (VWater sample), by formulaThe C of target contaminant in water body during sampler is laid is calculatedTWA。
Embodiment 2
In the present embodiment, adsorbent in Solid Phase Extraction unit 10 is ion exchange absorbent such as Chelex-100, reagent
Built-in biocide formalin in coil pipe 16, for acquiring heavy metal ion in water etc..
Other parts are same as Example 1.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment includes two reagent add modules, as shown in figure 5, the functional reagent difference in two reagent coil pipes 16
For hydrochloric acid solution, saturation mercuric chloride solution.Adsorbent in Solid Phase Extraction unit 10 is HLB adsorbents.The sampling of the present embodiment
Device is used to acquire polar contaminants such as phenols, carboxylic acid compound.The addition of hydrochloric acid solution can reduce the pH value of sample, make pollution
The molecular state of object is easily adsorbed by adsorbent.
Other parts are same as Example 1.
Embodiment 4
In the present embodiment, the functional reagent in two reagent coil pipes 16 is respectively lye, saturation mercuric chloride solution.This implementation
The sampler of example is used to acquire polar contaminants such as amino benzenes compounds.The addition of lye can improve the pH value of sample, make pollution
The molecular state of object is easily adsorbed by adsorbent.
Other parts are same as Example 3.
Above-described embodiment is intended merely to illustrate the present invention, and is not used as limitation of the invention.As long as according to this hair
Bright technical spirit is changed above-described embodiment, modification etc. will be all fallen in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of water pollutant time weighted average concentration sampler based on osmotic pumps and Solid Phase Extraction, which is characterized in that
Solid Phase Extraction unit, sampling volume determination unit and sampling osmotic pumps including internal filling adsorbent；Sampling volume determines list
For member for determining to flow through the volume of water sample of Solid Phase Extraction unit, Solid Phase Extraction unit, samples osmotic pumps at sampling volume determination unit
Be sequentially connected either Solid Phase Extraction unit, sampling osmotic pumps, sampling volume determination unit is sequentially connected or Solid Phase Extraction list
Member, a sampling volume determination unit, sampling osmotic pumps, another sampling volume determination unit are sequentially connected；
Sampling volume determination unit is after being connected to the distillation water coil of sampling osmotic pumps front end and/or being connected to sampling osmotic pumps
The reagent bag at end distills in water coil and loads distilled water in advance；
Sample osmotic pumps include sealing shell, permeable membrane, permeable membrane by the inner space of sealing shell be separated into distillation hydroecium with
Solution room loads distilled water and anion exchange resin, cation exchange resin in distilled water room, saturated salt is loaded in solution room
Solution and salt solid.
2. according to claim 1 sampled based on the water pollutant time weighted average concentration of osmotic pumps and Solid Phase Extraction
Device, which is characterized in that the front end connection filter of Solid Phase Extraction unit, aqueous sample stream enter Solid Phase Extraction unit after filter.
3. according to claim 1 sampled based on the water pollutant time weighted average concentration of osmotic pumps and Solid Phase Extraction
Device, which is characterized in that the adsorbent in Solid Phase Extraction unit is C18Bonded silica gel, HLB adsorbents or ion exchange resin.
4. the water pollutant time weight according to any one of claims 1 to 3 based on osmotic pumps and Solid Phase Extraction is put down
Equal concentration sample device, which is characterized in that further include at least one reagent add module；Reagent add module includes reagent osmotic pumps
With reagent coil pipe；Reagent osmotic pumps include sealing shell, permeable membrane, and the inner space of sealing shell is separated into distillation by permeable membrane
Hydroecium and solution room load distilled water and anion exchange resin, cation exchange resin in distilled water room, are loaded in solution room
Saturated salt solution and salt solid；The functional reagent for having known specific function is loaded in reagent coil pipe；One end of reagent coil pipe
The solution room of reagent osmotic pumps is connected to, the other end is connected with the entrance of sampler, and functional reagent enters sampler and and water sample
Mixing.
5. according to claim 4 sampled based on the water pollutant time weighted average concentration of osmotic pumps and Solid Phase Extraction
Device, which is characterized in that functional reagent includes biocide or acid-base solution.
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106323689B (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2020-02-21 | 中国食品发酵工业研究院有限公司 | Trace polar organic pollutant trap with water quality monitoring as guide |
| CN106769235B (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2019-07-30 | 厦门大学 | A kind of environmental contaminants time series concentration passive type sampling apparatus |
| CN113358423B (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2023-03-14 | 合肥学院 | Quasi-continuous environment atmospheric gas sampling device |
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