CN105104054A - Method for cultivating teak seedling - Google Patents
Method for cultivating teak seedling Download PDFInfo
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- CN105104054A CN105104054A CN201510481389.0A CN201510481389A CN105104054A CN 105104054 A CN105104054 A CN 105104054A CN 201510481389 A CN201510481389 A CN 201510481389A CN 105104054 A CN105104054 A CN 105104054A
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- teak
- grafting
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- scion
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for cultivating a teak seedling. Grafting comprises the following steps: (1), cutting wood collection: selecting a lateral branch with the diameter of 3-5 cm and the length of 5-7 cm and close to one end of a main branch on a stock plant in mid April of next year, taking the lateral branch as a cutting wood, cutting the base of the cutting wood to form a bulge of which the exterior is cylindrical, wherein the internal diameter of the bulge is gradually reduced from the lower end to the upper end of the base of the cutting wood so as to form an internal space in a circular truncated cone shape; (2), stock processing: selecting an excellent root segment of a lobular red sandalwood tree as a stock with the length of 8-10 cm, wherein a notch is a groove which contains the bulge and is matched with the bulge; (3), cottage grafting: coating sticky liquid in the groove of the stock, inserting the bulge of the cutting wood into the groove of the stock, coating the sticky liquid on the connection part, winding to cover the connection part from bottom to top by utilizing a plastic film, binding tightly and ensuring the sealing. According to the method for cultivating the teak seedling, the root segment of the lobular red sandalwood tree is taken as the stock to graft and cultivate the teak seedling, so that the teak seedling with high root growth vigor and high survival rate can be obtained.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the breeding method of rare tree nursery stock.More particularly, the present invention relates to the breeding method of a kind of teak nursery stock.
Background technology
Tectona Verenaceae Tectona half fallen leaves property megaphanerophyte, teak core material ratio is large, in crineous, extremely pest-resistant, pole corrosion resistant, water-fast, fire-resistant, do not stick up in the obvious situation of Drought-wet change and do not split, very easily process, purposes is very extensive, for high-quality very one of your timber of generally acknowledging in the world, all there is the growing area of larger area on Hainan of China, Yunnan, Guangxi and other places.
At present, the development of China's teak Commercial Forests is more based on the cultivating seedlings of seedling from seed and tissue cultures invisible system seedling, and tissue cultures, because its cost is high, technical requirement is high, is difficult to promote in actual production, and seedling from seed is often the nutritional bag of matrix with yellow soil, rely on manual pack, nursery is taken a lot of work and is yielded poorly, and also the cultivation of teak is carried out in useful cuttage, but rely on the nursery stock root growth potential of cottage breeding poor, survival rate is low, and the cold resistance of nursery stock is poor, and growing way is more weak.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is to solve at least the problems referred to above, and the advantage will illustrated at least is below provided.
A further object of the invention is to provide a kind of root segment set by leaflet red sandalwood and makes the breeding method of stock by engrafting and cultivating teak nursery stock, can obtain the teak nursery stock that root growth gesture is strong, survival rate is high.
A further object of the invention carves wound by suitable sunshade, scion top and adopt maternal plant container cup to carry out maternal plant to cultivate the sturdy fringe bar of acquisition, thus improve the survival rate of teak scion grafting.
In order to realize, according to these objects of the present invention and other advantage, providing the breeding method of a kind of teak nursery stock, comprise the following steps:
A, maternal plant are cultivated
Mid-April is sowed on husky bed, when seedling grows to highly for 8-9cm, transplant in the maternal plant container cup that nutrient matrix is housed, drench normal root water, build three layers of sunshade net, described three layers of sunshade net comprise light transmittance from the bottom to top and are followed successively by 80%, the ground floor sunshade net of 60% and 40%, second layer sunshade net and third layer sunshade net, spacing between adjacent two layers sunshade net is 20-25cm, maternal plant transplants rear 12-13 days, removing third layer sunshade net, 18-20 days after transplanting, removing second layer sunshade net, removing ground floor sunshade net during the later cloudy day, ground floor sunshade net is built during fine day, drenched at interval of 10-12 days and execute composite fertilizer's aqueous solution that mass fraction is 0.2%-0.3%, 60-70 days after transplanting, prune fringe bar, and carried out wound at quarter at interval of 15-18 days on the top of distance fringe bar 1-3cm, and a growth promotion conditioning agent is executed in pouring, late July, distance maternal plant base portion 20-25cm place truncation, the top of every root fringe bar is to hindering 3-5 time after a little while, described growth promotion conditioning agent is brassinosteroid, bamboo vinegar, maror juice, water soluble chitosan and water are that 0.5-0.8: 10-15: 20-25: 1.2: 1000 preparations obtain according to mass ratio, described maror juice be after the chopping of bitter dish and boiling water according to mass ratio be 1: 5 soak 3-5h after filter and obtain,
Wherein, described maternal plant container cup comprises dismountable Part I from the bottom to top, Part II and Part III, Part I is the round table-like chassis of upward opening, Part II is the round table-like cylindrical shell of upper and lower opening, Part III is the cylindrical barrel of upper and lower opening, the top of described Part I, the bottom of described Part II, the top of described Part II and the opening diameter of described Part III bottom reduce successively, between Part I and Part II, assortedly removably to be connected by multiple connection between Part II with Part III, and formation has the notch with ft connection, described nutrient matrix comprises the ground floor matrix filling in described Part I from the bottom to top, the second layer matrix filling in described Part II and the third layer matrix filling in described Part III composition, described ground floor matrix is yellow soil, natural pond slag and the peat composed of rotten mosses are that 1: 1: 1 mixing is obtained according to mass ratio, described second layer matrix is yellow soil, coconut palm chaff and wormcast are that 3: 1: 2 mixing are obtained in mass ratio, described third layer matrix is yellow soil, described notch spreads fertilizer over the fields spherical absorbent material,
B, grafting
1) fringe bar gathers
Second Year to choose mid-April on maternal plant near major branch one end diameter be 3-5cm, length is the side shoot of 5-7cm is scion, it is columned projection that the base portion of scion cuts into outside, the height of described projection is 2-2.5cm, the internal diameter of described projection progressively reduces from the base portion lower end of scion to upper end, forms round table-like inner space;
2) stock process
Select the root segment of excellent leaflet red sandalwood tree as stock, stock length is 8-10cm, and the otch of stock is have to hold described projection and the groove matched with it;
3) grafting
Mucus is applied by the groove of described stock, again the projection of described scion is inserted in the groove of described stock, and in interface coating mucus, be wound around from bottom to up with plastic foil again and be covered in interface, and tighten guarantee sealing, described mucus by bog moss, portland cement and water soluble chitosan according to mass ratio be 100: 5: 1.5 mixing after grinding obtain;
D, grafting management
The false stage control environmental temperature that survives of grafting is 25-30 DEG C, and humidity is 80%-90%, fusing stage, and apply fertilizer water more, increase suitable illumination, gradation removes binding, after scion survives from top to bottom, when new-tip length is 35cm, carry out suitable pinching, nursery stock is up to going out garden afforestation during 40-45cm.
Preferably, the breeding method of described teak nursery stock, seed first adopts the first soak to soak 8-10h under the condition of 33-35 DEG C in first 1 day by described sowing, be the formlinata aquae concentratac seed soaking 5-8min of 0.12% again with mass fraction, running water 2-3min, then the second soak is adopted to process 10-15min under hyperacoustic effect, described first soak is by gibberellin, limewash and water are in mass ratio for make at 0.8-1: 1-2: 1000, described second soak is by wettable root element, dichlroroethanol, brassin, copper sulphate, bamboo vinegar, water soluble chitosan and water are in mass ratio for make at 10-15: 7: 0.01-0.03: 3-4: 1-2: 10: 1000.
Preferably, the breeding method of described teak nursery stock, described grafting management also comprises:
After scion survives, carry out wound at quarter, and rooting promoter solution is executed in pouring to described stock near the bottom of soil, described rooting promoter solution is root-inducing powder, bamboo vinegar, potassium fulvate, water soluble chitosan and water is that 5: 1: 4: 1: 100 preparations obtain according to mass ratio.
Preferably, the breeding method of described teak nursery stock, described absorbent material is super absorbent resin.
Preferably, the breeding method of described teak nursery stock, the diameter of described stock is slightly larger than the diameter of described scion.
Preferably, the breeding method of described teak nursery stock, described stock is the root segment of the leaflet red sandalwood tree of plantation 5-6.
Preferably, the breeding method of described teak nursery stock, the management of described grafting be also included in grafting false survive to drench between stage and fusing stage execute 50% carbendazim, 1000 times of liquid and 75% tpn, 800 times of liquid.
The present invention at least comprises following beneficial effect:
1) by building three layers of sunshade net, making maternal plant progressively adapt to sunlight, improving the survival rate of maternal plant, and the growing way of maternal plant;
2) the present invention is by repeatedly carving wound on the top of distance fringe bar 1-3cm, and growth promotion conditioning agent is executed in pouring, the quick sturdy growth of fringe bar can be promoted, to adapt to the needs of grafting, the survival rate of scion after raising grafting simultaneously, wherein rape lactone and bamboo vinegar have good growth promoting function, the courses of infection that maror juice and water soluble chitosan may cause after can suppressing to carve wound;
3) three-decker of described maternal plant container cup, be convenient to the matrix that layering arranges different composition, can prevent the seedling just transplanted from suffering fertilizer damage on the one hand, allowing seedling absorb fertilizer has a transition and buffering, to promote that plantlet stage grows, in addition, maternal plant container cup two-layer between have the groove with ft connection, can promote that root is breathed, and loosing soil, and in groove, place absorbent material can, as water-loss reducer, can also prevent matrix from crossing wet and rotten;
4) root segment that the present invention adopts leaflet red sandalwood to set is stock, can improve the survival rate of teak scion, and the root segment of leaflet red sandalwood tree can fixed nitrogen, supplies enough nitrogenous sources, can improve the speed of grafting incorporating period, improves cion survival rate;
5) structure of the stock of the present invention's employing and grafting place of scion, compares conventional grafting or cleft grafting, has the advantage that both are common, increases the contact surface of scion and stock, improve the survival rate of scion;
6) when maternal plant is cultivated, the first soak and the second soak is adopted by seed to soak prior to seeding, gibberellin containing minute quantity in first soak, limewash, be mainly used for Seed imbibes swelling and cleaning, after formlinata aquae concentratac seed soaking sterilization, soak the effect that can reach fast-germination again in the ultrasonic lower short time with the second soak, wherein wettable root element, brassin and bamboo vinegar are for promoting seed sprouting, take root and seedling grow up strong and sturdy, dichlroroethanol and copper sulphate are used for expelling parasite, sterilization, water soluble chitosan then forms layer protecting film in seed outside, prevent the germ in extraneous air or soil matrix from contaminating,
7), after scion survives, near the bottom of soil, wound at quarter is carried out to described stock, and rooting promoter solution is executed in pouring, nursery stock how raw side root can be promoted, fully and fast absorb nutrition and grow fast, and when the later stage goes out garden transplant planting, suitably can prune meticulous, too short side root;
8) diameter of stock is slightly larger than the diameter of described scion, so that better carry out grafting process, stock is the root segment of the leaflet red sandalwood tree of plantation 5-6, is because the growth of leaflet red sandalwood tree is slow, 5 years ability one annual rings, such root segment does stock for grafting and makes the survival rate of scion higher;
9) grafting false survive to drench between stage and fusing stage execute 50% carbendazim, 1000 times of liquid and 75% tpn, 800 times of liquid and prevent infection process and reduce the survival rate that scion and stock merge.
Part is embodied by explanation below by other advantage of the present invention, target and feature, and part also will be passed through research and practice of the present invention as the technical staff in wooden field is understood.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of maternal plant container cup of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of stock of the present invention and scion.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, can implement according to this with reference to specification word to make those skilled in the art.
Should be appreciated that used hereinly such as " to have ", other element one or more do not allotted in " comprising " and " comprising " term or the existence of its combination or interpolation.
Embodiment 1:
As Figure 1-Figure 2, the breeding method of a kind of teak nursery stock, comprises the following steps:
A, maternal plant are cultivated
Mid-April is sowed on husky bed, when seedling grows to highly for 8-9cm, transplant in the maternal plant container cup that nutrient matrix is housed, drench normal root water, build three layers of sunshade net, described three layers of sunshade net comprise light transmittance from the bottom to top and are followed successively by 80%, the ground floor sunshade net of 60% and 40%, second layer sunshade net and third layer sunshade net, spacing between adjacent two layers sunshade net is 20-25cm, maternal plant transplants latter 12nd day, removing third layer sunshade net, transplant latter 18 days, removing second layer sunshade net, removing ground floor sunshade net during the later cloudy day, ground floor sunshade net is built during fine day, drenched at interval of 10 days and execute composite fertilizer's aqueous solution that mass fraction is 0.2%, in transplanting latter 60 days, prune fringe bar, and carried out wound at quarter at interval of 15 days on the top of distance fringe bar 1-3cm, and a growth promotion conditioning agent is executed in pouring, late July, distance maternal plant base portion 20cm place truncation, the top of every root fringe bar is to hindering 3 times after a little while, described growth promotion conditioning agent is brassinosteroid, bamboo vinegar, maror juice, water soluble chitosan and water are that 0.5: 10: 20: 1.2: 1000 preparations obtain according to mass ratio, described maror juice be after the chopping of bitter dish and boiling water according to mass ratio be 1: 5 soak 3h after filter and obtain,
Wherein, described maternal plant container cup comprises dismountable Part I 1 from the bottom to top, Part II 2 and Part III 3, Part I 1 is the round table-like chassis of upward opening, Part II 2 is the round table-like cylindrical shell of upper and lower opening, Part III 3 is the cylindrical barrel of upper and lower opening, the top of described Part I 1, the bottom of described Part II 2, the top of described Part II 2 and the opening diameter of described Part III 3 bottom reduce successively, between Part I 1 and Part II 2, removably be connected by multiple connector 4 between Part II 2 with Part III 3, and formation has the notch 5 with ft connection, described nutrient matrix comprises the ground floor matrix filling in described Part I 1 from the bottom to top, the second layer matrix filling in described Part II 2 and the third layer matrix filling in described Part III 3 composition, described ground floor matrix is yellow soil, natural pond slag and the peat composed of rotten mosses are that 1: 1: 1 mixing is obtained according to mass ratio, described second layer matrix is yellow soil, coconut palm chaff and wormcast are that 3: 1: 2 mixing are obtained in mass ratio, described third layer matrix is yellow soil, described notch spreads fertilizer over the fields spherical absorbent material,
B, grafting
1) fringe bar gathers
Second Year to choose mid-April on maternal plant near major branch one end diameter be 3cm, length is the side shoot of 5cm is scion A, it is columned protruding A1 that the base portion of scion A cuts into outside, the height of described protruding A1 is 2cm, the internal diameter of described protruding A1 progressively reduces from the base portion lower end of scion A to upper end, forms round table-like inner space;
2) stock process
Select the root segment of excellent leaflet red sandalwood tree as stock B, stock B length is 8cm, and the otch of stock B is have to hold described projection and the groove B1 matched with it;
3) grafting
Mucus is applied by the groove B1 of described stock B, again the protruding A1 of described scion A is inserted in the groove B1 of described stock B, and in interface coating mucus, be wound around from bottom to up with plastic foil again and be covered in interface, and tighten guarantee sealing, described mucus by bog moss, portland cement and water soluble chitosan according to mass ratio be 100: 5: 1.5 mixing after grinding obtain;
D, grafting management
The false stage control environmental temperature that survives of grafting is 25 DEG C, and humidity is 80%, fusing stage, and apply fertilizer water more, increase suitable illumination, gradation removes binding, after scion survives from top to bottom, when new-tip length is 35cm, carry out suitable pinching, nursery stock is up to going out garden afforestation during 40cm.Grafting growth experience: falsely to survive, merge, symbiosis three phases, after namely symbiosis survives.
Wherein, the breeding method of described teak nursery stock, seed first adopts the first soak to soak 8h under the condition of 33 DEG C in first 1 day by described sowing, be the formlinata aquae concentratac seed soaking 5min of 0.12% again with mass fraction, running water 2min, then the second soak is adopted to process 10min under hyperacoustic effect, described first soak is by gibberellin, limewash and water are to make at 0.8: 1: 1000 in mass ratio, described second soak is by wettable root element, dichlroroethanol, brassin, copper sulphate, bamboo vinegar, water soluble chitosan and water are to make at 10: 7: 0.01: 3: 1: 10: 1000 in mass ratio.
Wherein, the breeding method of described teak nursery stock, described grafting management also comprises:
After scion survives, carry out wound at quarter, and rooting promoter solution is executed in pouring to described stock near the bottom of soil, described rooting promoter solution is root-inducing powder, bamboo vinegar, potassium fulvate, water soluble chitosan and water is that 5: 1: 4: 1: 100 preparations obtain according to mass ratio.
Wherein, the breeding method of described teak nursery stock, described absorbent material is super absorbent resin.
Wherein, the breeding method of described teak nursery stock, the diameter of described stock is slightly larger than the diameter of described scion.
Wherein, the breeding method of described teak nursery stock, described stock is the root segment of the plantation leaflet red sandalwood of 5 years tree.
Wherein, the breeding method of described teak nursery stock, the management of described grafting be also included in grafting false survive to drench between stage and fusing stage execute 50% carbendazim, 1000 times of liquid and 75% tpn, 800 times of liquid.
Embodiment 2:
As Figure 1-Figure 2, the breeding method of a kind of teak nursery stock, comprises the following steps:
A, maternal plant are cultivated
Mid-April is sowed on husky bed, when seedling grows to highly for 9cm, transplant in the maternal plant container cup that nutrient matrix is housed, drench normal root water, build three layers of sunshade net, described three layers of sunshade net comprise light transmittance from the bottom to top and are followed successively by 80%, the ground floor sunshade net of 60% and 40%, second layer sunshade net and third layer sunshade net, spacing between adjacent two layers sunshade net is 23cm, maternal plant transplants latter 13rd day, removing third layer sunshade net, transplant latter 19 days, removing second layer sunshade net, removing ground floor sunshade net during the later cloudy day, ground floor sunshade net is built during fine day, drenched at interval of 11 days and execute composite fertilizer's aqueous solution that mass fraction is 0.25%, in transplanting latter 65 days, prune fringe bar, and carried out wound at quarter at interval of 17 days on the top of distance fringe bar 1-3cm, and a growth promotion conditioning agent is executed in pouring, late July, distance maternal plant base portion 23cm place truncation, the top of every root fringe bar is to hindering 4 times after a little while, described growth promotion conditioning agent is brassinosteroid, bamboo vinegar, maror juice, water soluble chitosan and water are that 0.6: 12: 22: 1.2: 1000 preparations obtain according to mass ratio, described maror juice be after the chopping of bitter dish and boiling water according to mass ratio be 1: 5 soak 4h after filter and obtain,
Wherein, described maternal plant container cup comprises dismountable Part I 1 from the bottom to top, Part II 2 and Part III 3, Part I 1 is the round table-like chassis of upward opening, Part II 2 is the round table-like cylindrical shell of upper and lower opening, Part III 3 is the cylindrical barrel of upper and lower opening, the top of described Part I 1, the bottom of described Part II 2, the top of described Part II 2 and the opening diameter of described Part III 3 bottom reduce successively, between Part I 1 and Part II 2, removably be connected by multiple connector 4 between Part II 2 with Part III 3, and formation has the notch 5 with ft connection, described nutrient matrix comprises the ground floor matrix filling in described Part I 1 from the bottom to top, the second layer matrix filling in described Part II 2 and the third layer matrix filling in described Part III 3 composition, described ground floor matrix is yellow soil, natural pond slag and the peat composed of rotten mosses are that 1: 1: 1 mixing is obtained according to mass ratio, described second layer matrix is yellow soil, coconut palm chaff and wormcast are that 3: 1: 2 mixing are obtained in mass ratio, described third layer matrix is yellow soil, described notch spreads fertilizer over the fields spherical absorbent material,
B, grafting
1) fringe bar gathers
Second Year to choose mid-April on maternal plant near major branch one end diameter be 4cm, length is the side shoot of 6cm is scion A, it is columned protruding A1 that the base portion of scion A cuts into outside, the height of described protruding A1 is 2.3cm, the internal diameter of described protruding A1 progressively reduces from the base portion lower end of scion A to upper end, forms round table-like inner space;
2) stock process
Select the root segment of excellent leaflet red sandalwood tree as stock B, stock B length is 9cm, and the otch of stock B is have to hold described projection and the groove B1 matched with it;
3) grafting
Mucus is applied by the groove B1 of described stock B, again the protruding A1 of described scion A is inserted in the groove B1 of described stock B, and in interface coating mucus, be wound around from bottom to up with plastic foil again and be covered in interface, and tighten guarantee sealing, described mucus by bog moss, portland cement and water soluble chitosan according to mass ratio be 100: 5: 1.5 mixing after grinding obtain;
D, grafting management
The false stage control environmental temperature that survives of grafting is 28 DEG C, and humidity is 85%, fusing stage, and apply fertilizer water more, increase suitable illumination, gradation removes binding, after scion survives from top to bottom, when new-tip length is 35cm, carry out suitable pinching, nursery stock is up to going out garden afforestation during 43cm.Grafting growth experience: falsely to survive, merge, symbiosis three phases, after namely symbiosis survives.
Wherein, the breeding method of described teak nursery stock, seed first adopts the first soak to soak 9h under the condition of 34 DEG C in first 1 day by described sowing, be the formlinata aquae concentratac seed soaking 6min of 0.12% again with mass fraction, running water 2.5min, then the second soak is adopted to process 13min under hyperacoustic effect, described first soak is by gibberellin, limewash and water are to make at 0.9: 1.5: 1000 in mass ratio, described second soak is by wettable root element, dichlroroethanol, brassin, copper sulphate, bamboo vinegar, water soluble chitosan and water are to make at 12: 7: 0.02: 3: 1: 10: 1000 in mass ratio.
Wherein, the breeding method of described teak nursery stock, described grafting management also comprises:
After scion survives, carry out wound at quarter, and rooting promoter solution is executed in pouring to described stock near the bottom of soil, described rooting promoter solution is root-inducing powder, bamboo vinegar, potassium fulvate, water soluble chitosan and water is that 5: 1: 4: 1: 100 preparations obtain according to mass ratio.
Wherein, the breeding method of described teak nursery stock, described absorbent material is super absorbent resin.
Wherein, the breeding method of described teak nursery stock, the diameter of described stock is slightly larger than the diameter of described scion.
Wherein, the breeding method of described teak nursery stock, described stock is the root segment of the plantation leaflet red sandalwood of 6 years tree.
Wherein, the breeding method of described teak nursery stock, the management of described grafting be also included in grafting false survive to drench between stage and fusing stage execute 50% carbendazim, 1000 times of liquid and 75% tpn, 800 times of liquid.
Embodiment 3:
As Figure 1-Figure 2, the breeding method of a kind of teak nursery stock, comprises the following steps:
A, maternal plant are cultivated
Mid-April is sowed on husky bed, when seedling grows to highly for 9cm, transplant in the maternal plant container cup that nutrient matrix is housed, drench normal root water, build three layers of sunshade net, described three layers of sunshade net comprise light transmittance from the bottom to top and are followed successively by 80%, the ground floor sunshade net of 60% and 40%, second layer sunshade net and third layer sunshade net, spacing between adjacent two layers sunshade net is 25cm, maternal plant transplants latter 13rd day, removing third layer sunshade net, transplant latter 20 days, removing second layer sunshade net, removing ground floor sunshade net during the later cloudy day, ground floor sunshade net is built during fine day, drenched at interval of 12 days and execute composite fertilizer's aqueous solution that mass fraction is 0.3%, in transplanting latter 70 days, prune fringe bar, and carried out wound at quarter at interval of 18 days on the top of distance fringe bar 1-3cm, and a growth promotion conditioning agent is executed in pouring, late July, distance maternal plant base portion 25cm place truncation, the top of every root fringe bar is to hindering 5 times after a little while, described growth promotion conditioning agent is brassinosteroid, bamboo vinegar, maror juice, water soluble chitosan and water are that 0.8: 15: 25: 1.2: 1000 preparations obtain according to mass ratio, described maror juice be after the chopping of bitter dish and boiling water according to mass ratio be 1: 5 soak 5h after filter and obtain,
Wherein, described maternal plant container cup comprises dismountable Part I 1 from the bottom to top, Part II 2 and Part III 3, Part I 1 is the round table-like chassis of upward opening, Part II 2 is the round table-like cylindrical shell of upper and lower opening, Part III 3 is the cylindrical barrel of upper and lower opening, the top of described Part I 1, the bottom of described Part II 2, the top of described Part II 2 and the opening diameter of described Part III 3 bottom reduce successively, between Part I 1 and Part II 2, removably be connected by multiple connector 4 between Part II 2 with Part III 3, and formation has the notch 5 with ft connection, described nutrient matrix comprises the ground floor matrix filling in described Part I 1 from the bottom to top, the second layer matrix filling in described Part II 2 and the third layer matrix filling in described Part III 3 composition, described ground floor matrix is yellow soil, natural pond slag and the peat composed of rotten mosses are that 1: 1: 1 mixing is obtained according to mass ratio, described second layer matrix is yellow soil, coconut palm chaff and wormcast are that 3: 1: 2 mixing are obtained in mass ratio, described third layer matrix is yellow soil, described notch spreads fertilizer over the fields spherical absorbent material,
B, grafting
1) fringe bar gathers
Second Year to choose mid-April on maternal plant near major branch one end diameter be 5cm, length is the side shoot of 7cm is scion A, it is columned protruding A1 that the base portion of scion A cuts into outside, the height of described protruding A1 is 2.5cm, the internal diameter of described protruding A1 progressively reduces from the base portion lower end of scion A to upper end, forms round table-like inner space;
2) stock process
Select the root segment of excellent leaflet red sandalwood tree as stock B, stock B length is 10cm, and the otch of stock B is have to hold described projection and the groove B1 matched with it;
3) grafting
Mucus is applied by the groove B1 of described stock B, again the protruding A1 of described scion A is inserted in the groove B1 of described stock B, and in interface coating mucus, be wound around from bottom to up with plastic foil again and be covered in interface, and tighten guarantee sealing, described mucus by bog moss, portland cement and water soluble chitosan according to mass ratio be 100: 5: 1.5 mixing after grinding obtain;
D, grafting management
The false stage control environmental temperature that survives of grafting is 30 DEG C, and humidity is 90%, fusing stage, and apply fertilizer water more, increase suitable illumination, gradation removes binding, after scion survives from top to bottom, when new-tip length is 35cm, carry out suitable pinching, nursery stock is up to going out garden afforestation during 45cm.Grafting growth experience: falsely to survive, merge, symbiosis three phases, after namely symbiosis survives.
Wherein, the breeding method of described teak nursery stock, seed first adopts the first soak to soak 10h under the condition of 35 DEG C in first 1 day by described sowing, be the formlinata aquae concentratac seed soaking 8min of 0.12% again with mass fraction, running water 3min, then the second soak is adopted to process 15min under hyperacoustic effect, described first soak is by gibberellin, limewash and water are to make at 1: 2: 1000 in mass ratio, described second soak is by wettable root element, dichlroroethanol, brassin, copper sulphate, bamboo vinegar, water soluble chitosan and water are to make at 15: 7: 0.03: 4: 2: 10: 1000 in mass ratio.
Wherein, the breeding method of described teak nursery stock, described grafting management also comprises:
After scion survives, carry out wound at quarter, and rooting promoter solution is executed in pouring to described stock near the bottom of soil, described rooting promoter solution is root-inducing powder, bamboo vinegar, potassium fulvate, water soluble chitosan and water is that 5: 1: 4: 1: 100 preparations obtain according to mass ratio.
Wherein, the breeding method of described teak nursery stock, described absorbent material is super absorbent resin.
Wherein, the breeding method of described teak nursery stock, the diameter of described stock is slightly larger than the diameter of described scion.
Wherein, the breeding method of described teak nursery stock, described stock is the root segment of the plantation leaflet red sandalwood of 6 years tree.
Wherein, the breeding method of described teak nursery stock, the management of described grafting be also included in grafting false survive to drench between stage and fusing stage execute 50% carbendazim, 1000 times of liquid and 75% tpn, 800 times of liquid.
Comparative example 1:
On the basis of embodiment 3, use the nutritional bag that yellow soil is matrix to carry out maternal plant cultivation, other breeding method is identical.
Comparative example 2:
On the basis of embodiment 3, use maternal plant container cup of the present invention to carry out maternal plant cultivation, but use yellow soil to cultivate for matrix, other breeding method is identical.
Comparative example 3:
On the basis of embodiment 3, use common alms bowl body to carry out maternal plant cultivation, use nutrient matrix of the present invention to carry out maternal plant cultivation, other breeding method is identical.
Comparative example 4:
On the basis of embodiment 3, adopt the mode of cleft grafting to carry out grafting, other breeding method is identical.
Comparative example 5:
On the basis of embodiment 3, adopt the mode of straight cutting grafting to carry out grafting, other breeding method is identical.
The different breeding method of table 1 is on the impact of teak seedling grafting survival rate
| Breeding method | Graft survival rate % |
| Embodiment 3 | 94.9％ |
| Comparative example 1 | 77.2％ |
| Comparative example 2 | 82.1％ |
| Comparative example 3 | 87.3％ |
| Comparative example 4 | 85.8％ |
| Comparative example 5 | 88.2％ |
Can be drawn by table 1, the maternal plant container cup in breeding method of the present invention and nutrient matrix is adopted to carry out the cultivation of teak maternal plant, compare and adopt yellow soil matrix or common bowl seeding, graft survival rate improves greatly, in addition, adopt graft structure of the present invention than common cleft grafting or grafting, graft survival rate is also greatly improve.
Although embodiment of the present invention are open as above, but it is not restricted to listed in specification and embodiment utilization, it can be applied to various applicable the field of the invention completely, for those skilled in the art, can easily realize other amendment, therefore do not deviating under the universal that claim and equivalency range limit, the present invention is not limited to specific details and illustrates here and the legend described.
Claims (7)
1. a breeding method for teak nursery stock, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
A, maternal plant are cultivated
Mid-April is sowed on husky bed, when seedling grows to highly for 8-9cm, transplant in the maternal plant container cup that nutrient matrix is housed, drench normal root water, build three layers of sunshade net, described three layers of sunshade net comprise light transmittance from the bottom to top and are followed successively by 80%, the ground floor sunshade net of 60% and 40%, second layer sunshade net and third layer sunshade net, spacing between adjacent two layers sunshade net is 20-25cm, maternal plant transplants rear 12-13 days, removing third layer sunshade net, 18-20 days after transplanting, removing second layer sunshade net, removing ground floor sunshade net during the later cloudy day, ground floor sunshade net is built during fine day, drenched at interval of 10-12 days and execute composite fertilizer's aqueous solution that mass fraction is 0.2%-0.3%, 60-70 days after transplanting, prune fringe bar, and carried out wound at quarter at interval of 15-18 days on the top of distance fringe bar 1-3cm, and a growth promotion conditioning agent is executed in pouring, late July, distance maternal plant base portion 20-25cm place truncation, the top of every root fringe bar is to hindering 3-5 time after a little while, described growth promotion conditioning agent is brassinosteroid, bamboo vinegar, maror juice, water soluble chitosan and water are that 0.5-0.8: 10-15: 20-25: 1.2: 1000 preparations obtain according to mass ratio, described maror juice be after the chopping of bitter dish and boiling water according to mass ratio be 1: 5 soak 3-5h after filter and obtain,
Wherein, described maternal plant container cup comprises dismountable Part I from the bottom to top, Part II and Part III, Part I is the round table-like chassis of upward opening, Part II is the round table-like cylindrical shell of upper and lower opening, Part III is the cylindrical barrel of upper and lower opening, the top of described Part I, the bottom of described Part II, the top of described Part II and the opening diameter of described Part III bottom reduce successively, between Part I and Part II, removably be connected by multiple connector between Part II with Part III, and formation has the notch with ft connection, described nutrient matrix comprises the ground floor matrix filling in described Part I from the bottom to top, the second layer matrix filling in described Part II and the third layer matrix filling in described Part III composition, described ground floor matrix is yellow soil, natural pond slag and the peat composed of rotten mosses are that 1: 1: 1 mixing is obtained according to mass ratio, described second layer matrix is yellow soil, coconut palm chaff and wormcast are that 3: 1: 2 mixing are obtained in mass ratio, described third layer matrix is yellow soil, described notch spreads fertilizer over the fields spherical absorbent material,
B, grafting
1) fringe bar gathers
Second Year to choose mid-April on maternal plant near major branch one end diameter be 3-5cm, length is the side shoot of 5-7cm is scion, it is columned projection that the base portion of scion cuts into outside, the height of described projection is 2-2.5cm, the internal diameter of described projection progressively reduces from the base portion lower end of scion to upper end, forms round table-like inner space;
2) stock process
Select the root segment of excellent leaflet red sandalwood tree as stock, stock length is 8-10cm, and the otch of stock is have to hold described projection and the groove matched with it;
3) grafting
Mucus is applied by the groove of described stock, again the projection of described scion is inserted in the groove of described stock, and in interface coating mucus, be wound around from bottom to up with plastic foil again and be covered in interface, and tighten guarantee sealing, described mucus by bog moss, portland cement and water soluble chitosan according to mass ratio be 100: 5: 1.5 mixing after grinding obtain;
D, grafting management
The false stage control environmental temperature that survives of grafting is 25-30 DEG C, and humidity is 80%-90%, fusing stage, and apply fertilizer water more, increase suitable illumination, gradation removes binding, after scion survives from top to bottom, when new-tip length is 35cm, carry out suitable pinching, nursery stock is up to going out garden afforestation during 40-45cm.
2. the breeding method of teak nursery stock as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, seed first adopts the first soak to soak 8-10h under the condition of 33-35 DEG C in first 1 day by described sowing, be the formlinata aquae concentratac seed soaking 5-8min of 0.12% again with mass fraction, running water 2-3min, then the second soak is adopted to process 10-15min under hyperacoustic effect, described first soak is by gibberellin, limewash and water are in mass ratio for make at 0.8-1: 1-2: 1000, described second soak is by wettable root element, dichlroroethanol, brassin, copper sulphate, bamboo vinegar, water soluble chitosan and water are in mass ratio for make at 10-15: 7: 0.01-0.03: 3-4: 1-2: 10: 1000.
3. the breeding method of teak nursery stock as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described grafting management also comprises:
After scion survives, carry out wound at quarter, and rooting promoter solution is executed in pouring to described stock near the bottom of soil, described rooting promoter solution is root-inducing powder, bamboo vinegar, potassium fulvate, water soluble chitosan and water is that 5: 1: 4: 1: 100 preparations obtain according to mass ratio.
4. the breeding method of teak nursery stock as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described absorbent material is super absorbent resin.
5. the breeding method of teak nursery stock as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the diameter of described stock is slightly larger than the diameter of described scion.
6. the breeding method of teak nursery stock as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, described stock is the root segment of the leaflet red sandalwood tree of plantation 5-6.
7. the breeding method of teak nursery stock as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, described grafting management be also included in grafting false survive to drench between stage and fusing stage execute 50% carbendazim, 1000 times of liquid and 75% tpn, 800 times of liquid.
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| CN106358928A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-01 | 河口明星农业科技发展有限公司 | Method for planting mountainous grapefruits |
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| CN110313319A (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2019-10-11 | 中国林业科学研究院热带林业实验中心 | Teak clones full exposure moves anvil propagation by grafiting method |
| CN114868620A (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2022-08-09 | 江苏佳禾兴农业生物科技有限公司 | Seedling raising substrate and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN109496816B (en) * | 2019-01-07 | 2021-06-01 | 云南省农业科学院热带亚热带经济作物研究所 | Seedling raising method for improving emergence rate of fructus aurantii |
| CN110313319A (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2019-10-11 | 中国林业科学研究院热带林业实验中心 | Teak clones full exposure moves anvil propagation by grafiting method |
| CN114868620A (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2022-08-09 | 江苏佳禾兴农业生物科技有限公司 | Seedling raising substrate and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN117530133A (en) * | 2023-10-19 | 2024-02-09 | 湖南省植物园 | Container seedling raising method for red bean |
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