CN105075619A - Cultivation and seed selection method for lily - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention particularly relates to a cultivation and seed selection method for lily. The cultivation and seed selection method includes the steps of 1, selecting sandy soil good in drainage; 2, carrying out planting; 3, carrying out field management, wherein the field management includes the prophase management a and the final-period management b; 4, carrying out harvesting. Planted seeds are detoxified, so that damage of insect pests and bacteria to the seeds is reduced, and the quality of the lily is improved; in the whole planting process, pest control is achieved, and yield losses are reduced; in the middle and later management periods, topping work is achieved, growth of portions above the ground is controlled so that nutrition can be concentrated to promote growth of underground bulbs, and quality is improved; four-year-old sub-bulbs are selected as the seeds, plants get in the mature state, the disease resistance and the fertility of the plants are optimal, the emergence rate is easily increased, and quality is easily improved.

Description

A kind of lily culture selection

Technical field

The present invention relates to lily planting technology field, relate to a kind of lily culture selection in particular.

Technical background

Lily, has another name called rattlebush, and be distributed in the provinces such as Jiangsu, Hunan, Gansu, Henan and Zhejiang, main using value is to view and admire, and lanzhou lily is individual greatly, taste is sweet, both can make dessert, and can make again dish, famous with edibility.Lily is containing nutriments such as multiple alkaloid and starch, protein, fat and calcium, phosphorus, iron and vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin C, beta carotene such as colchicins, there is the merit of good nutritious tonifying, particularly to the disease such as weak, neurasthenia is of great advantage after being ill, be a kind of flowers of dietotherapeutic.Lily is used as medicine with bulb, and its property is flat, sweet, the micro-hardship of taste; There is effect of Yin nourishing and lung moistening, clearing away the heart fire and tranquillizing, cure mainly the diseases such as deficiency of Yin fire is coughed, the palpitation with fear of blood-stained sputum, dysphoria, insomnia and dreamful sleep.Lily is perennial napiform root herbage flower, and moistening, the illumination of its property happiness, is suitable for deep at soil layer, fertile loose, is rich in the good sandy soil of humus, drainage and grows.Lily growth and the optimum temperature of blooming are 16 ~ 24 DEG C, lower than 5 DEG C or almost stop higher than 30 DEG C of growths, more than 10 DEG C plant just normal growth, during more than 25 DEG C, growth is stagnated again, if winter, nocturnal temperature continued 5 ~ 7 days lower than 5 DEG C, flower bud differentiation, flower bud development can be had a strong impact on, and postpone even blind flower of blooming, flower splits.

Along with the consumption demand that people are growing to lily, the domestic research to lily plantation is also more and more deeply with extensive.Traditional ground plants lily method, weighs and easily hardens, easily grow various soil-borne disease, be unfavorable for that lily grows, and then had a strong impact on the quality of lily because soil is sticky, all will to disinfecting soil and improvement although annual, DeGrain.In addition, lily avoids continuous cropping, plants the soil of lily, usually takes interval and plants for about 4 years again, the relative quality of guarantee lily, and for specialty plantation lily person, land utilization rate is too low.Therefore, a kind of suitable lily growth of exploitation, improves land utilization rate

And the implantation methods of lily quality is imperative.

Summary of the invention

For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides described a kind of lily culture selection, step is as follows: 1) select well-drained sandy soil, and real tillage also carries out disinfection; Execute the farm organic fertilizer of fermentation, then ridging; The rear every mu of farm organic fertilizer 1000-2000 kilogram executing fermentation that turns over makes base manure, and every mu is executed 80-100 kilogram of lime and carries out soil disinfection; To ridging after land smoothing, row spacing 1-1.5 rice, establishes ditch between ridge, furrow width 10-20 centimetre, and dark 8-10 centimetre, for draining;

2) plant

Select healthy lily children strong sprout, railway carriage or compartment, ridge is planted lily seedling; Maintenance relative moisture of the soil is 60-70%, selection implantation time is mid-September, selects quadrennial well developed root system, has female bulb of 3-5 daughter bulb to plant, and uses 40% carbendazim, 800 times of liquid and agricultural streptomycin to soak half an hour, soak 10 minutes with 20% alcoholic solution again, rear sowing is dried in cleaning; Keep seeding row spacing to be 30cm, earthing 3-6 centimetre, then cover one deck withered grass and fallen leaves;

3) field management

A, prophase management: controlled light intensity is 3000 ~ 3500LX, maintenance soil temperature is 10-18 DEG C, and the weight ratio controlling N P and K in Chemical Mixed Fertilizer is the ratio of 7:4:1, every strain fertilising 6-8g, and water in right amount, keeping soil relatively moistening is 50-60%; Winter, fine day was intertilled, and shone table soil, soil moisture conservation insulation, and timely weeding in summer is loosened the soil and kept ventilating

B, final-period management: ditch cleaning weeding, remove other and retain a strong bud, avoid causing bulb to divide, when height of seedling grows to 28-30 centimetre, suppress aerial growth, to promote underground bulb growth during germination;

4) gather

In Second Year autumn after field planting, treat that acrial part is completely withered, gather after low lower part full maturity, after receipts, excision acrial part, under ground portion selects the healthy and strong disease-free ventilation that is placed on to preserve.

Beneficial effect of the present invention is:

1, detoxification treatment is carried out to the seed of plantation, reduce insect pest germ to the damage of seed, improve the quality of lily; In plantation overall process, carry out the extermination of disease and insect pest, reduce production loss; In the management middle and later periods, carry out the work of pinching, control aerial growth, promote underground bulb growth with concentrated nutrient, improve quality.

2, select quadrennial daughter bulb to plant, plant reaches maturity state, and its disease resistance, fertility reach best, contributes to improving emergence rate and quality.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1:

1) select well-drained sandy soil, real tillage also carries out disinfection; Execute the farm organic fertilizer of fermentation, then ridging; Rear every mu of farm organic fertilizer 1000 kilograms executing fermentation of turning over makes base manure, and every mu is executed 80 kilograms of lime and carries out soil disinfection; To ridging after land smoothing, row spacing 1 meter, establishes ditch between ridge, furrow width 10 centimetres, dark 8 centimetres, for draining;

2) plant

Select healthy lily children strong sprout, railway carriage or compartment, ridge is planted lily seedling; Relative moisture of the soil is kept to be 60%, selection implantation time is mid-September, selects quadrennial well developed root system, has female bulb of 3 daughter bulbs to plant, and uses 40% carbendazim, 800 times of liquid and agricultural streptomycin to soak half an hour, soak 10 minutes with 20% alcoholic solution again, rear sowing is dried in cleaning; Keep seeding row spacing to be 30cm, earthing 3 centimetres, then cover one deck withered grass and fallen leaves;

3) field management

A, prophase management: controlled light intensity is 3000LX, keep soil temperature to be 10 DEG C, and the weight ratio controlling N P and K in Chemical Mixed Fertilizer is the ratio of 7:4:1, every strain fertilising 6g, and water in right amount, keeping soil relatively moistening is 50%; Winter, fine day was intertilled, and shone table soil, soil moisture conservation insulation, and timely weeding in summer is loosened the soil and kept ventilating

B, final-period management: ditch cleaning weeding, remove other and retain a strong bud, avoid causing bulb to divide, when height of seedling grows to 28 centimetres, suppress aerial growth, to promote underground bulb growth during germination;

4) gather

In Second Year autumn after field planting, treat that acrial part is completely withered, gather after low lower part full maturity, after receipts, excision acrial part, under ground portion selects the healthy and strong disease-free ventilation that is placed on to preserve.

Embodiment 2:

1) select well-drained sandy soil, real tillage also carries out disinfection; Execute the farm organic fertilizer of fermentation, then ridging; Rear every mu of farm organic fertilizer 1500 kilograms executing fermentation of turning over makes base manure, and every mu is executed 90 kilograms of lime and carries out soil disinfection; To ridging after land smoothing, row spacing 1.2 meters, establishes ditch between ridge, furrow width 15 centimetres, dark 9 centimetres, for draining;

2) plant

Select healthy lily children strong sprout, railway carriage or compartment, ridge is planted lily seedling; Relative moisture of the soil is kept to be 65%, selection implantation time is mid-September, selects quadrennial well developed root system, has female bulb of 4 daughter bulbs to plant, and uses 40% carbendazim, 800 times of liquid and agricultural streptomycin to soak half an hour, soak 10 minutes with 20% alcoholic solution again, rear sowing is dried in cleaning; Keep seeding row spacing to be 30cm, earthing 5 centimetres, then cover one deck withered grass and fallen leaves;

3) field management

A, prophase management: controlled light intensity is 3200LX, keep soil temperature to be 15 DEG C, and the weight ratio controlling N P and K in Chemical Mixed Fertilizer is the ratio of 7:4:1, every strain fertilising 7g, and water in right amount, keeping soil relatively moistening is 55%; Winter, fine day was intertilled, and shone table soil, soil moisture conservation insulation, and timely weeding in summer is loosened the soil and kept ventilating

B, final-period management: ditch cleaning weeding, remove other and retain a strong bud, avoid causing bulb to divide, when height of seedling grows to 29 centimetres, suppress aerial growth, to promote underground bulb growth during germination;

4) gather

In Second Year autumn after field planting, treat that acrial part is completely withered, gather after low lower part full maturity, after receipts, excision acrial part, under ground portion selects the healthy and strong disease-free ventilation that is placed on to preserve.

Embodiment 3:

1) select well-drained sandy soil, real tillage also carries out disinfection; Execute the farm organic fertilizer of fermentation, then ridging; Rear every mu of farm organic fertilizer 2000 kilograms executing fermentation of turning over makes base manure, and every mu is executed double centner lime and carries out soil disinfection; To ridging after land smoothing, row spacing 1.5 meters, establishes ditch between ridge, furrow width 20 centimetres, dark 10 centimetres, for draining;

2) plant

Select healthy lily children strong sprout, railway carriage or compartment, ridge is planted lily seedling; Relative moisture of the soil is kept to be 70%, selection implantation time is mid-September, selects quadrennial well developed root system, has female bulb of 5 daughter bulbs to plant, and uses 40% carbendazim, 800 times of liquid and agricultural streptomycin to soak half an hour, soak 10 minutes with 20% alcoholic solution again, rear sowing is dried in cleaning; Keep seeding row spacing to be 30cm, earthing 6 centimetres, then cover one deck withered grass and fallen leaves;

3) field management

A, prophase management: controlled light intensity is 3500LX, keep soil temperature to be 18 DEG C, and the weight ratio controlling N P and K in Chemical Mixed Fertilizer is the ratio of 7:4:1, every strain fertilising 8g, and water in right amount, keeping soil relatively moistening is 60%; Winter, fine day was intertilled, and shone table soil, soil moisture conservation insulation, and timely weeding in summer is loosened the soil and kept ventilating

B, final-period management: ditch cleaning weeding, remove other and retain a strong bud, avoid causing bulb to divide, when height of seedling grows to 30 centimetres, suppress aerial growth, to promote underground bulb growth during germination;

4) gather

In Second Year autumn after field planting, treat that acrial part is completely withered, gather after low lower part full maturity, after receipts, excision acrial part, under ground portion selects the healthy and strong disease-free ventilation that is placed on to preserve.

Should be understood that, above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention only for exemplary illustration or explain principle of the present invention, and is not construed as limiting the invention.Therefore, any amendment made when without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.In addition, claims of the present invention be intended to contain fall into claims scope and border or this scope and border equivalents in whole change and modification.

Claims (1)

1. a lily culture selection, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:

1) select well-drained sandy soil, real tillage also carries out disinfection; Execute the farm organic fertilizer of fermentation, then ridging; The rear every mu of farm organic fertilizer 1000-2000 kilogram executing fermentation that turns over makes base manure, and every mu is executed 80-100 kilogram of lime and carries out soil disinfection; To ridging after land smoothing, row spacing 1-1.5 rice, establishes ditch between ridge, furrow width 10-20 centimetre, and dark 8-10 centimetre, for draining;

2) plant

Select healthy lily children strong sprout, railway carriage or compartment, ridge is planted lily seedling; Maintenance relative moisture of the soil is 60-70%, selection implantation time is mid-September, selects quadrennial well developed root system, has female bulb of 3-5 daughter bulb to plant, and uses 40% carbendazim, 800 times of liquid and agricultural streptomycin to soak half an hour, soak 10 minutes with 20% alcoholic solution again, rear sowing is dried in cleaning; Keep seeding row spacing to be 30cm, earthing 3-6 centimetre, then cover one deck withered grass and fallen leaves;

3) field management

A, prophase management: controlled light intensity is 3000 ~ 3500LX, maintenance soil temperature is 10-18 DEG C, and the weight ratio controlling N P and K in Chemical Mixed Fertilizer is the ratio of 7:4:1, every strain fertilising 6-8g, and water in right amount, keeping soil relatively moistening is 50-60%; Winter, fine day was intertilled, and shone table soil, soil moisture conservation insulation, and timely weeding in summer is loosened the soil and kept ventilating

B, final-period management: ditch cleaning weeding, remove other and retain a strong bud, avoid causing bulb to divide, when height of seedling grows to 28-30 centimetre, suppress aerial growth, to promote underground bulb growth during germination;

4) gather

In Second Year autumn after field planting, treat that acrial part is completely withered, gather after low lower part full maturity, after receipts, excision acrial part, under ground portion selects the healthy and strong disease-free ventilation that is placed on to preserve.