CN105047936A - Preparation for interconnected nanowire core-shell structure material - Google Patents
Preparation for interconnected nanowire core-shell structure material Download PDFInfo
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- CN105047936A CN105047936A CN201510394136.XA CN201510394136A CN105047936A CN 105047936 A CN105047936 A CN 105047936A CN 201510394136 A CN201510394136 A CN 201510394136A CN 105047936 A CN105047936 A CN 105047936A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method for an interconnected nanowire core-shell structure material. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: 1) taking a foamy copper sheet with thickness of 0.2-0.5 millimeter as a substrate; 2) cleaning the surface of foamy copper by using an ordinary cleaning method, immersing the foamy copper in hydrochloric acid to remove an oxide, and then drying by using a nitrogen pistol; 3) calcining for 5 hours at 450 DEG C in air, leading the foamy copper to self-catalytically grow a CuO nanowire or other metal oxide nanowire with diameter of about 30 nanometers and length of 7-10 micrometers; 4) depositing amorphous Si(Ge) at 250 DEG C through plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) to obtain an interconnected nanowire core-shell structure with diameter of about 100-200 nanometers, namely a Si(Ge) shell and a CuO core; 5) reducing the CuO core by using H2 at 400 DEG C to obtain a high-conductivity metallic Cu nanowire, and completing the building of a three-dimensional current collector; and 6) preparing and completing the three-dimensional interconnected metallic nanowire conductive core structure material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of interconnected nanowire core shell structure for lithium ion battery anode material, particularly realize interconnected nanowire core shell structure about Cu metal nanometer line coated amorphous Si (Ge).
Technical background
Along with the range of application of lithium battery extends to the high-power high-current electrical equipments such as electric automobile gradually, the graphite material of traditional theoretical reversible specific capacity 372mAh/g has been difficult to meet the requirement of people to lithium storage content and power, and the electrode material finding height ratio capacity, high-energy-density and high cyclical stability has become the inexorable trend of lithium battery of future generation development.In many materials, Si (Ge) material is because of rich content, easily obtain, and specific capacity reaches 4200 (1600) mAh/g and becomes the Anode of lithium cell material of future generation of most development prospect.
But constantly embed due to lithium ion in lithiumation cyclic process and deviate from, the volumetric expansion of Si (Ge) is more than 400% (300%), cause material disintegrating and even fracture, destroy electrode structure, its electrical contact is deteriorated, capacity declines.Research in recent years finds when anode material being made nano material or nano composite material, and its volumetric expansion in cyclic process can decline, and performance also can obtain lifting in various degree.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to, propose a kind of preparation method of nano wire Core-shell structure material, resulting materials is the interconnected nano wire Core-shell structure material of three-dimensional of parcel, for high power capacity lithium storage materials.
To achieve these goals, the present invention takes following technical scheme: for the interconnected nanowire core shell structure of lithium ion battery anode material, it is characterized in that: this kind of structure adopts good conductivity, and the Cu nano wire not participating in lithiation is as core; Using the amorphous Si (Ge) of height ratio capacity as the shell of energy storage, and realize the interconnected of core-shell nano line by amorphous Si (Ge) welding characteristic.
A preparation method for interconnected nano wire Core-shell structure material, step: 1) adopt thickness to be that the foam copper sheet of 0.2-0.5mm is as substrate; 2) adopt cleaning method cleaning foam copper surface, and be immersed in hydrochloric acid and remove oxide, dry up by nitrogen gun afterwards; 3) by 450 degrees Celsius of calcining 5h in normal pressure atmospheric atmosphere, foam copper self-catalysis grows diameter and is about 30nm, and length is at the CuO nano wire of 7 ~ 10um or other metal oxide nano-wires; 4) pass through in pecvd, 250 DEG C of deposit amorphous Si (Ge), obtain the interconnected nanowire core shell structure of the about 100nm-200nm of diameter, i.e. Si (Ge) shell CuO core core; 5) by 400 DEG C, H
2reduction CuO core core, can obtain the good Ni metal nano wire of conductivity, complete the structure of three-dimensional current collector; 6) metal nanometer line conductive core cored structure material has been prepared.
Core core adopt in Cu nano wire, Ni nano wire or NiSi nano wire any one, nanoshells adopts height ratio capacity, volumetric expansion uniform amorphous Si (Ge) material.
Nanoshells can adopt amorphous Si, the alloy of a kind of or amorphous SiGe in amorphous Ge.Described nanoshells can comprise embedding copper silicide nano particle amorphous silicon structures;
Resulting materials is the interconnected nano wire Core-shell structure material of three-dimensional of parcel, and for high power capacity lithium storage materials, described nanowire core shell structure center core nano wire (metal or metal silicide nano-wire) good conductivity, does not participate in lithiation; The specific capacity of nanoshells storage lithium is large, and the avtive spot that nanostructure makes Si (Ge) contact with lithium ion, strengthens lithiation.With poorly conductive, cubical expansion, the comparatively large but amorphous Si (Ge) that specific capacity is very high is as shell.Interconnect architecture is the welding functional realiey by covering amorphous Si (Ge).
Parcel is covered by the orthographic projection of amorphous Si (Ge) medium, similar with the effect of glue, the cupric oxide nano line of adjacent intersection is made to realize welding interconnected, the mechanical support of intensifier electrode structure, even if thus the nanowire core shell structure realizing departing from current collector still can without hindrance energy storage, improve cyclical stability and the cycle life of lithium ion battery.
By high temperature reduction, Cu can be diffused into the Nanoalloy particle that shell forms alloying, strengthens shell conductivity, and the hollow structure occurred in core core, be conducive to the volumetric expansion alleviating energy storage material.
The preparation method of described metal or metal silicide nano-wire is CVD, also can other chemical method.
Described growth substrate can be stainless steel deposit copper film also can be foam copper;
The preparation method of described core core nano wire can be chemical vapour deposition (CVD) (CVD), also can be Hydrothermal Synthesis or other chemical synthesis process;
Described nanoshells preparation method can be chemical vapour deposition (CVD) (CVD), plasma gas phase deposition (PECVD) or magnetron sputtering (PVD);
Beneficial effect of the present invention: interconnected nucleocapsid structure can also increase amorphous Si (Ge) and be exposed to area in lithium ion except the advantage respective in storage lithium of the amorphous Si (Ge) that repeats to play three-dimensional current collector (Cu nano wire) and height ratio capacity, thus more avtive spot can be provided to react by lithium ion and Si.In addition, the interconnected structural-mechanical property that makes strengthens, even if single core-shell nano line comes off, the nano wire interconnected with it can be guaranteed battery lithiumation and go carrying out smoothly of lithiumation, thus realize the high usage of electrode material, increase cyclical stability and the cycle life of electrode.The implementation procedure of this kind of structure be the foam copper of cleaning directly under atmospheric atmosphere, heat is degenerated and is generated CuO nano wire, realizes the interconnected of core-shell nano line, as shown in Figure 1, then utilize H by the welding effect of PECVD deposit amorphous Si (Ge)
2reduction CuO core trunk, finally defines interconnected nucleocapsid Cu/a-Si (Ge) nano thread structure.The Cu nano wire of this interconnected nano-core-shell structure growth on foam Cu current collector is as core trunk, due to its good conductivity, and do not participate in lithiation, therefore, in lithiumation process, Cu nano wire can keep electrical contact good between itself and current collector, the integrality of structure and good one dimension electron propagation ducts as core trunk.And possessing huge body surface ratio with the amorphous Si (Ge) of height ratio capacity as shell, more avtive spot can be provided to react by lithium ion and Si, and nano level shell can reduce Li simultaneously
+diffusion resistance improve circulation ratio performance.In addition, the interconnect architecture that amorphous Si (Ge) realizes, the mechanical support of electrode structure can be increased, even if make nano thread structure come off, also its interconnected nanowire core shell structure can be relied on to realize nothing serious Li store, guarantee the high cyclical stability of electrode material and the efficiency utilization to electrode material.Adopt this structure as the anode material of lithium ion battery, specific capacity and the circulation performance of material storage lithium can be improved, good cyclical stability can be obtained simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the growth course schematic diagram of a kind of interconnected nanowire core shell structure provided by the invention.(a) copper foam, (b) cupric oxide nano line, (c) cross-over oxidation copper nano-wire is the partial enlargement of (b); (e) interconnected cupric oxide nano line, (f) interconnected copper nano wire.
Embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly understand, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and with reference to accompanying drawing 1, the present invention is described in more detail.
1) (as a), and effects on surface carries out normal wash, and by salt acid soak removal oxide layer, nitrogen gun dries up afterwards as current collector to adopt the three-dimensional porous foams copper of thickness 0.5mm.
2) adopt CVD stove, calcine in atmospheric atmosphere, three-dimensional foam copper can be prepared diameter and be about 30nm, length is at the CuO nano wire of 7 ~ 10um.
3) adopt PECVD, at power 20W, under temperature 250 DEG C of conditions, deposit amorphous Si (Ge) 30min, can obtain the interconnected core-shell nano line structure that diameter is about 100nm.
4) H is utilized
2reduction nucleus core CuO (air pressure 200Pa in pecvd, flow 100sccm, time is 4 hours, temperature is 400 DEG C) thus complete preparation or at high temperature (the air pressure 500pa of interconnected amorphous Si (Ge) nanowire core shell structure, flow 200sccm, the time is 8 hours, and temperature is 600 DEG C) thus realize interconnected hollow and be embedded with amorphous Si (Ge) shell structurre of cupro silicon particle.
This kind of interconnected nucleocapsid structure can also increase amorphous Si (Ge) and be exposed to area in lithium ion except the advantage respective in storage lithium of the amorphous Si (Ge) that repeats to play three-dimensional current collector (Cu nano wire) and height ratio capacity, thus more avtive spot can be provided to react by lithium ion and Si.In addition, the interconnected structural-mechanical property that makes strengthens, even if single core-shell nano line comes off, the nano wire interconnected with it can be guaranteed battery lithiumation and go carrying out smoothly of lithiumation, thus realize the high usage of electrode material, increase cyclical stability and the cycle life of electrode.
Above-described specific embodiment; object of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are further described; be understood that; the foregoing is only specific embodiments of the invention; be not limited to the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment made, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a preparation method for interconnected nano wire Core-shell structure material, its characterization step comprises: 1) adopt thickness to be that the foam copper sheet of 0.2-0.5mm is as substrate; 2) adopt Conventional cleaning method cleaning foam copper surface, and be immersed in hydrochloric acid and remove oxide, dry up by nitrogen gun afterwards; 3) by 450 DEG C of calcining 5h in atmospheric atmosphere, foam copper self-catalysis grows diameter and is about 30nm, and length is at the CuO nano wire of 7 ~ 10um or other metal oxide nano-wires; 4) pass through in pecvd, 250 DEG C of deposit amorphous Si (Ge), obtain the interconnected nanowire core shell structure of the about 100nm-200nm of diameter, i.e. Si (Ge) shell CuO core core; 5) by 400 DEG C, H
2reduction CuO core core, obtains the good Ni metal nano wire of conductivity, completes the structure of three-dimensional current collector; 6) three-dimensional interconnected metal nanometer line conductive core cored structure material has been prepared.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: core core adopt in Cu nano wire, Ni nano wire or NiSi nano wire any one, nanoshells adopts height ratio capacity, volumetric expansion uniform amorphous Si (Ge) material.
3. interconnected nano wire Core-shell structure material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: nanoshells adopts amorphous Si, the alloy of a kind of or amorphous SiGe in amorphous Ge.
4. interconnected nano wire Core-shell structure material according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: cover parcel by the orthographic projection of amorphous Si (Ge) medium, the cupric oxide nano line of adjacent intersection is made to realize welding interconnected, the mechanical support of intensifier electrode structure, even if thus the nanowire core shell structure realizing departing from current collector still can without hindrance energy storage, improve cyclical stability and the cycle life of lithium ion battery.
5. interconnected nano wire Core-shell structure material according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: by high temperature reduction, Cu can be diffused into the Nanoalloy particle that shell forms alloying, strengthens shell conductivity, and the hollow structure occurred in core core, is conducive to the volumetric expansion alleviating energy storage material.
6. interconnected nano wire Core-shell structure material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described nanoshells comprises and embeds copper silicide nano particle amorphous silicon structures.
7. interconnected nano-core-shell structure material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the preparation method of described metal or metal silicide nano-wire is CVD or other chemical method.
8. interconnected nano-core-shell structure material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: foam copper self-catalysis growing method output diameter 30nm, and length is at the CuO nano wire of 7 ~ 10um or other metal oxide nano-wires.
9., according to the application of the described interconnected nano-core-shell structure material of one of claim 1-8, it is characterized in that: Cu nano wire as core, using the amorphous Si (Ge) of height ratio capacity as the shell of energy storage; For the interconnected nanowire core shell structure of lithium ion battery anode material, for high power capacity lithium storage materials, described nanowire core shell structure center core nano wire good conductivity, covers parcel by the orthographic projection of amorphous Si (Ge) and realizes the interconnected of core-shell nano line.
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106001597A (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2016-10-12 | 武汉工程大学 | Recovery method of copper column in element analyzer |
| CN106601996A (en) * | 2017-01-19 | 2017-04-26 | 华南理工大学 | Multilayer nano-composite electrode for lithium ion battery and preparation method thereof |
| CN106629813A (en) * | 2017-01-11 | 2017-05-10 | 河北工业大学 | Foam copper-supported porous copper oxide nanowire composite material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN108295854A (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2018-07-20 | 河北工业大学 | A kind of multi-stage porous nano porous copper load nano cuprous oxide wire composite material and preparation method |
| CN108311150A (en) * | 2017-01-17 | 2018-07-24 | 中国科学院上海高等研究院 | It is a kind of to grow the catalyst and its preparation method and application that Cu nano wires obtain on Ni |
| CN108394859A (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2018-08-14 | 南京大学 | A kind of silicon substrate wide spectrum absorbs optical-thermal conversion material and preparation method thereof |
| CN109326454A (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2019-02-12 | 武汉理工大学 | Metal nanometer line array electrode material for super capacitor of intersection and preparation method thereof |
| CN109560256A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-04-02 | 西交利物浦大学 | The preparation method and applications of copper silicon composite cathode piece |
| CN111636074A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-09-08 | 大连大学 | Preparation and application of copper electrode for electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide |
| CN114367671A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-04-19 | 山东黄海科技创新研究院有限责任公司 | Method for growing nano-wire on foam copper |
-
2015
- 2015-07-07 CN CN201510394136.XA patent/CN105047936A/en active Pending
Non-Patent Citations (2)
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| FEI-FEI CAO等: "Cu-Si Nanocable Arrays as High-Rate Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries", 《ADVANCED MATERIALS》 * |
| 王家政: "三维纳米结构电极的制备及作为锂离子电池负极的应用", 《CNKI博士学位论文全文库工程科技Ⅱ辑》 * |
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106001597B (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2018-03-20 | 武汉工程大学 | The recovery method of copper post in a kind of elemental analyser |
| CN106001597A (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2016-10-12 | 武汉工程大学 | Recovery method of copper column in element analyzer |
| CN106629813A (en) * | 2017-01-11 | 2017-05-10 | 河北工业大学 | Foam copper-supported porous copper oxide nanowire composite material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN106629813B (en) * | 2017-01-11 | 2017-11-17 | 河北工业大学 | A kind of supported porous cupric oxide nano line composite of foam copper and its preparation method and application |
| CN108311150A (en) * | 2017-01-17 | 2018-07-24 | 中国科学院上海高等研究院 | It is a kind of to grow the catalyst and its preparation method and application that Cu nano wires obtain on Ni |
| CN106601996A (en) * | 2017-01-19 | 2017-04-26 | 华南理工大学 | Multilayer nano-composite electrode for lithium ion battery and preparation method thereof |
| CN106601996B (en) * | 2017-01-19 | 2023-11-21 | 华南理工大学 | Multilayer nano composite electrode for lithium ion battery and preparation method thereof |
| CN108295854A (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2018-07-20 | 河北工业大学 | A kind of multi-stage porous nano porous copper load nano cuprous oxide wire composite material and preparation method |
| CN108295854B (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2019-06-14 | 河北工业大学 | A kind of multi-stage porous nano porous copper load nano cuprous oxide wire composite material and preparation method |
| CN108394859A (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2018-08-14 | 南京大学 | A kind of silicon substrate wide spectrum absorbs optical-thermal conversion material and preparation method thereof |
| CN109326454A (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2019-02-12 | 武汉理工大学 | Metal nanometer line array electrode material for super capacitor of intersection and preparation method thereof |
| CN109560256A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-04-02 | 西交利物浦大学 | The preparation method and applications of copper silicon composite cathode piece |
| CN111636074A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-09-08 | 大连大学 | Preparation and application of copper electrode for electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide |
| CN114367671A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-04-19 | 山东黄海科技创新研究院有限责任公司 | Method for growing nano-wire on foam copper |
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