CN105038110B - A kind of electrochemical modification carbon cloth enhancing friction material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of electrochemical modification carbon cloth enhancing friction material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN105038110B
CN105038110B CN201510391545.4A CN201510391545A CN105038110B CN 105038110 B CN105038110 B CN 105038110B CN 201510391545 A CN201510391545 A CN 201510391545A CN 105038110 B CN105038110 B CN 105038110B
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carbon cloth
friction material
electrochemical
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preparation
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CN105038110A (en
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费杰
罗丹
段笑
黄剑锋
欧阳海波
李翠艳
罗威
张超
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Shaanxi University of Science and Technology
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Shaanxi University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of electrochemical modification carbon cloth enhancing friction material and preparation method thereof, this method is using carbon cloth and phenol-formaldehyde resin modified as raw material, carbon cloth is handled under electrochemical conditions, it is electrolyte from compound nickel source, carbon fiber is handled using the method for anodic oxidation and negative electrode deposited metal nickel.Then the carbon cloth after processing is sprayed into modified phenolic resin lipoprotein solution, after taking-up nature dries, it is hot-forming with vulcanizer, under the conditions of the present invention in compound nickel source by being electrolyte electrochemical, anodic oxidation and negative electrode deposition processes are carried out to carbon cloth, make the increase of carbon cloth surfaces oxygen-containing functional group and uniform deposition metallic nickel, it is simple with equipment, efficiently the advantages of, metallic nickel has hardness big, wear-resisting and catalytic activity, substantially improve the adhesion strength between carbon cloth and resin, so as to improve the uniformity that linear polymeric in sulfidation forms net high-polymer by crosslinked action, make it have more excellent tribological property.

Description

A kind of electrochemical modification carbon cloth enhancing friction material and preparation method thereof
【Technical field】
The invention belongs to friction material field, more particularly to a kind of electrochemical modification carbon cloth enhancing friction material and its preparation Method.
【Background technology】
Composite refers to that using a kind of material as matrix another material is the material that reinforcement is combined.Carbon fiber There is high specific strength, it is high ratio modulus, high temperature resistant, corrosion-resistant, wear-resistant, carbon cloth is laterally and longitudinally being respectively provided with very Good intensity, with high-mechanic pressure and excellent tribological property, be the reinforcement material of excellent performance in the composite. Carbon cloth reinforced resin composite be mainly used in automatic gearbox, differential mechanism, synchronizer, torque management device and other In wet clutch.Document 1 " in Publication No. CN102757621A Chinese patent " discloses a kind of wet type compound friction material Material and preparation method thereof, the component of friction material includes:As the carbon fiber of material skeleton, thermosetting resin, curing agent and rub Wipe properties modifier.The method of preparation is to regard acetone or absolute ethyl alcohol as solvent, phenolic resin, ethylenediamine and ceramic particle one It is secondary mix and carry out ultrasonic wave added disperse, well mixed, modest viscosity maceration extract is made, then impregnation of carbon fibers cloth, dry Hot-press solidifying heat treatment is carried out to carbon fiber surface afterwards.But its carbon cloth used is without any processing, its carbon fiber surface Lack active function groups, surface can be low, and surface inertness is big, and the interfacial combined function between matrix is not ideal enough, interface exist compared with Many defects, limit the performance of carbon fibre reinforced composite excellent properties.Document 2 is " in Publication No. CN103897334A State's patent ", which discloses a kind of carbon cloth, strengthens the preparation method of Wet-type friction material.Preparation method is under hydrothermal conditions using dense Nitric acid carries out oxidation processes to carbon cloth, the carbon cloth of oxidation processes is impregnated in modified phenolic resin lipoprotein solution, after dipping again Carbon cloth enhancing Wet-type friction material is obtained by hot-forming.Place is modified to carbon cloth using the method for hydrothermal oxidization Reason, adds active group, is conducive to being combined with resin matrix.The carbon cloth used is but its oxygen by oxidation processes Change needs high temperature and high pressure environment, and condition is harsh and processing time is long.
【The content of the invention】
To overcome the problem of above-mentioned technology is present, the invention provides a kind of electrochemical modification carbon cloth enhancing friction material and Its preparation method, short of this method processing procedure time needs a few minutes, with efficiency high, and reaction condition is gently high without high temperature Pressure, course of reaction is accurately controlled, and equipment is simple, and cost is low, the advantages of being adapted to large-scale production.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the present invention uses following technological means:
A kind of electrochemical modification carbon cloth strengthens the preparation method of friction material, comprises the following steps:
1) nickel source, adjuvant and buffer are added to stir in deionized water and must be combined nickel source electrolyte solution A;
2) solution A is added in electrolytic cell, carbon cloth sample is fixed on to negative and positive the two poles of the earth of graphite electrode, electric current is 1~5A, Processing time is 1~5min, carries out electrochemical treatments, and the oven for drying by the carbon cloth after processing at 60~100 DEG C obtains sample B;
3) sprayed on sample B or impregnate modified phenol resin solution, dried naturally, obtain sample C, claim sample C matter Amount, it is ensured that resin content carries out hot-forming obtaining carbon cloth reinforced resin friction material in 18-25% to it.
As a further improvement on the present invention, in step 1) also include the pre-treatment step to carbon cloth before, specially will Carbon cloth first soaks 30min with deionized water, then carbon cloth is placed in into ultrasonic wave added 12h in acetone soln, then dries to obtain carbon cloth sample Product, described carbon cloth specification is 3K, 9K, 12K.
As a further improvement on the present invention, step 2) in, the device of electrochemical modification carbon cloth is homemade electrolytic cell, body Product is 640cm3, a length of 12cm, it is wide and it is high be all 10cm, wall thickness 1cm, negative and positive the two poles of the earth are at a distance of 2~7cm, and electrode material is lazy Property electrode material.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the material of electrolytic cell is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and inert electrode material is graphite cake Or platinum sheet.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the processing procedure of electrochemical modification carbon cloth is specially:Carbon cloth sample is fixed In the anode of graphite cake, when then 1~5A of control electric current intensity, 1~5min of reaction time, exchange anode and cathode, then secondary response are identical Between, drying;Or by two pieces of carbon cloth sample, the negative electrode and anode of graphite electrode are individually fixed in, then 1~5A of control electric current, 1~5min of reaction time, takes out carbon cloth from electrochemical reaction appts, drying.
As a further improvement on the present invention, modified phenolic resin lipoprotein solution is the modified phenolic that mass fraction is 10~20% Resin ethanol solution, the phenolic resin that described phenol-formaldehyde resin modified is modified for nitrile rubber or cashew nut shell.
As a further improvement on the present invention, hot-forming technique is:170 DEG C of hot pressing temperature, hot pressing time 8~ 12min, hot pressing pressure is 8~12MPa, and hot pressing thickness is 0.6mm.
As a further improvement on the present invention, being combined nickel source electrolyte formula is:
PH controls are 2.2~2.7 at room temperature.
As a further improvement on the present invention, the processing electric current 2A of described electrochemical treatments, processing time is 3min.
A kind of electrochemical modification carbon cloth strengthens friction material, it is characterised in that:It is made by above-described preparation method;System The coefficient of kinetic friction of the friction material obtained is 0.134-0.139, and wear extent is 9.3-12.6mm3
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial technique effect:
Under the conditions of the present invention in compound nickel source by being electrolyte electrochemical, anodic oxidation is carried out to carbon cloth and negative electrode is heavy Product processing, makes the increase of carbon cloth surfaces oxygen-containing functional group and uniform deposition metallic nickel, can economic benefits and social benefits raising carbon cloth reinforced resin composite wood The friction and wear behavior of material, is effectively improved the surface-active of carbon fiber and improves the tribological property of composite.And electrification The increase of carbon fiber surface oxygen-containing functional group can be made by learning modified carbon cloth, and short of processing procedure time needs a few minutes, and efficiency high reacts bar Part is gentle without HTHP, and course of reaction is accurately controlled, and has the advantages that equipment is simple, efficient, by the carbon cloth after processing Phenol-formaldehyde resin modified is impregnated, it is then hot-forming, make metallic nickel depositing homogeneous, reduce gap between carbon cloth and resin matrix, from And improve the combination of carbon cloth and resin matrix, metallic nickel has hardness big, wear-resisting and catalytic activity, substantially improve carbon cloth and Adhesion strength between resin, so that improving linear polymeric in sulfidation forms net high-polymer by crosslinked action Uniformity, make it have more excellent tribological property.The obtained material coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.139, and wear extent is 9.3mm3
Further, the material of electrolytic cell be polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), with excellent chemical stability, corrosion resistance, sealing, Electrical insulating property and good anti-aging endurance.
Further, it is combined nickel source electrolyte and ensures that pH=2.2~2.7 can prevent generation Ni (OH) at room temperature2Precipitation, influence The follow-up performance for preparing material.
Electrochemical modification carbon cloth enhancing friction material prepared by the present invention, the coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.139, moves rub by contrast Wipe coefficient and add 9%;Wear extent is 9.3mm3, strengthen the abrasion of friction material by the carbon cloth of electrochemical modification by contrast Rate have dropped 30%.Prepared composite has excellent friction and wear behavior, is adapted to large-scale production.
【Brief description of the drawings】
Fig. 1 is the unmodified carbon fiber of embodiment 1 and the carbon fiber SEM photograph comparison diagram after electrochemical treatments, wherein Fig. 1 (a) it is the carbon fiber surface microscopic appearance without electrochemical treatments, Fig. 1 (b) is electrochemical treatments condition:Handle electric current 2A, place Negative electrode deposits the carbon fiber surface microscopic appearance of nickel after first anodic oxidation under reason time 180s;
Fig. 2 rubs for the carbon cloth reinforced resin of negative electrode deposited metal nickel after first anodic oxidation under the electrochemical conditions of embodiment 1 The coefficient of kinetic friction figure of material;
Fig. 3 rubs for the carbon cloth reinforced resin of negative electrode deposited metal nickel after first anodic oxidation under the electrochemical conditions of embodiment 1 The abrasion spirogram of material.
【Embodiment】
The present invention is elaborated with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
In order that carbon fiber surface activity increase, needs to be surface-treated before use.The present invention is right under electrochemical conditions Carbon cloth carries out anodic oxidation and the processing of negative electrode deposited metal nickel can effectively improve the surface-active of carbon fiber and improve composite Tribological property.
Embodiment 1:
Step one:Carbon cloth is cut to 7cm*8cm oblong-shaped, first 30min is soaked with deionized water, then carbon cloth is put The ultrasonic wave added 12h in acetone soln, then dries to obtain sample P.
Step 2:By nickel sulfate (NiSO4·7H2O) 0.1mol/L, ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2SO4) 10g/L, boric acid (H3BO4) 20g/L, nickel source electrolyte solution A must be combined for 2 hours by adding stirring in 500ml deionized waters, at room temperature pH controls for 2.2~ 2.7。
Step 3:Solution A is added in electrolytic cell, sample P is fixed on to the anode of graphite electrode, processing electric current is 2A, Processing time is 3min, and question response terminates, and exchanges anode and cathode, 3min is handled again, carbon cloth is taken out from electrolytic cell and is placed in 80 DEG C oven for drying obtains sample B.
Step 4:Sample B is put into modified phenolic resin, and (the phenolic resin absolute ethyl alcohol that 30% cashew nut shell is modified is molten Liquid) in dipping 10min, dry naturally, obtain sample C, claim sample C quality, it is ensured that the mass percent of resin content 18~ 25%, 170 DEG C of hot pressing temperature, hot pressing time 10min, hot pressing pressure is 10MPa, and hot pressing thickness is 0.6mm.Hot pressing is carried out to it Obtain carbon cloth reinforced resin friction material.
From Fig. 1 (a) it can be seen that unprocessed sample fiber be axially dispersed with deep mixed groove, these grooves be by What the technique for employing wet method weaving in process of production in fiber was caused.Fiber surface in Fig. 1 (b) Jing Guo electrochemical treatments Groove is uniformly deepened and has nickel to be deposited on fiber, is that anodic oxidation and negative electrode deposit coefficient effect.Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 are The coefficient of kinetic friction and abrasion spirogram of sample.By unmodified carbon cloth and modification time under the conditions of the electrochemical modification of example 1 Composite is obtained prepared by 1min, 3min, 5min carbon cloth and is respectively labeled as 1,2,3,4.By sample in many work(of the types of CFT- I Can the material surface general performance test test coefficient of kinetic friction and wear extent.Test condition be pressure 100N, rotating speed 500r/m, Time 180min.Fig. 2 is the coefficient of kinetic friction figure of sample, is answered as seen from the figure by the carbon cloth reinforced resin after electrochemical modification The coefficient of kinetic friction of condensation material is above untreated the enhanced composite of carbon cloth, and processing time is when being 3min, dynamic friction Coefficient is 0.139, and the untreated coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.128, and the coefficient of kinetic friction adds 9% by contrast.Fig. 3 is sample Wear and tear spirogram, and to be respectively less than unmodified carbon cloth made for the wear extent of the composite obtained by carbon cloth after being modified as seen from the figure Composite, and modification time effect in 1min and 3min is preferable.When processing time is 5min, wear extent is not close to changing Property sample, possible cause be oxidization time it is long causes carbon fiber surface it is serious oxide etch effect, have impact on carbon fiber Intensity.When modification time is 1min, wear extent is 9.3mm3, unmodified is 13.3mm3, change by contrast by electrochemistry Property carbon cloth enhancing friction material wear rate have dropped 30%.Electrochemical modification carbon cloth is a kind of effective as can be seen here Method, prepared composite has excellent friction and wear behavior.
Embodiment 2:
Step one:Carbon cloth is cut to 7cm*8cm oblong-shaped, first 30min is soaked with deionized water, then carbon cloth is put The ultrasonic wave added 12h in acetone soln, then dries to obtain sample P.
Step 2:By nickel sulfate (NiSO4·7H2O) 0.05mol/L, ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2SO4) 5g/L, boric acid (H3BO4) 10g/L, add in 500ml deionized waters stirring 1 hour sulfate composite nickel electrowinning matter solution A, at room temperature pH controls for 2.2~ 2.7。
Step 3:Solution A is added in electrolytic cell, by sample P 1, P2 is individually fixed in the negative electrode and anode of graphite electrode, Processing current strength is 1A, and processing time is 1min, and the oven for drying by the carbon cloth after processing at 60 DEG C obtains sample B1, B2.
Step 4:Modified phenol resin solution (10% acrylonitrile butadiene rubber modified phenolic aldehyde tree is sprayed on sample B1, B2 Fat ethanol solution), dry naturally, obtain sample C1, C2, claim sample C1, C2 quality, it is ensured that the quality percentage of resin content Number is 18~25%, 170 DEG C of hot pressing temperature, hot pressing time 8min, and hot pressing pressure is 8MPa, and hot pressing thickness is 0.6mm condition Under hot pressing carried out to it obtain carbon cloth reinforced resin friction material.
Embodiment 3:
Step one:Carbon cloth is cut to 7cm*8cm oblong-shaped, first 30min is soaked with deionized water, then carbon cloth is put The ultrasonic wave added 12h in acetone soln, then dries to obtain sample P.
Step 2:By nickel sulfate (NiSO4·7H2O) 0.3mol/L, ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2SO4) 15g/L, boric acid (H3BO4) 30g/L, add in 500ml deionized waters stirring 3 hours sulfate composite nickel electrowinning matter solution A, at room temperature pH controls for 2.2~ 2.7。
Step 3:Solution A is added in electrolytic cell, by sample P 1, P2 is individually fixed in the negative electrode and anode of graphite electrode, Processing electric current is 3A, and processing time is 4min, and the oven for drying by the carbon cloth after processing at 80 DEG C obtains sample B1, B2.
Step 4:Modified phenol resin solution (the phenolic resin that 20% cashew nut shell is modified is sprayed on sample B1, B2 Ethanol solution), dry naturally, obtain sample C1, C2, claim sample C1, C2 quality, it is ensured that the mass percent of resin content 18~25%, 170 DEG C of hot pressing temperature, hot pressing time 12min, hot pressing pressure is 10MPa, and hot pressing thickness is 0.6mm condition Under hot pressing carried out to it obtain carbon cloth reinforced resin friction material.
Embodiment 4:
Step one:Carbon cloth is cut to 7cm*8cm oblong-shaped, first 30min is soaked with deionized water, then carbon cloth is put The ultrasonic wave added 12h in acetone soln, then dries to obtain sample P.
Step 2:By nickel sulfate (NiSO4·7H2O) 0.5mol/L, ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2SO4) 20g/L, boric acid (H3BO4) 50g/L, add in 500ml deionized waters stirring 1 hour sulfate composite nickel electrowinning matter solution A, at room temperature pH controls for 2.2~ 2.7。
Step 3:Solution A is added in electrolytic cell, sample P is fixed on to the anode of graphite electrode, processing electric current is 5A, Processing time is 5min, and question response terminates, and exchanges anode and cathode, 5min is handled again, carbon cloth is taken out from electrolytic cell and is placed in 100 DEG C oven for drying obtains sample B.
Step 4:Modified phenol resin solution is sprayed on sample B, and (phenolic resin that 20% cashew nut shell is modified is anhydrous Ethanol solution), dry naturally, obtain sample C, claim sample C quality, it is ensured that the mass percent of resin content 18~25%, 170 DEG C of hot pressing temperature, hot pressing time 10min, hot pressing pressure is 12MPa, and hot pressing thickness is 0.6mm.Hot pressing is carried out to it to obtain Carbon cloth reinforced resin friction material.
Above content is to combine specific preferred embodiment further description made for the present invention, it is impossible to assert The present invention embodiment be only limitted to this, for general technical staff of the technical field of the invention, not every On the premise of from present inventive concept, some simple deduction or replace can also be made, the present invention should be all considered as belonging to by institute Claims of submission determine scope of patent protection.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of electrochemical modification carbon cloth strengthens the preparation method of friction material, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
1) nickel source, adjuvant and buffer are added to stir in deionized water and compound nickel source electrolyte solution A is made;Compound nickel source electricity Electrolyte solution A is formulated:
PH controls are 2.2~2.7 at room temperature;
2) solution A is added in electrolytic cell, carbon cloth sample is fixed on to negative and positive the two poles of the earth of graphite electrode, electric current is 1~5A, processing Time is 1~5min, carries out electrochemical treatments, and the oven for drying by the carbon cloth after processing at 60~100 DEG C obtains sample B;Electricity The processing procedure of chemical modification carbon cloth is specially:Carbon cloth sample is fixed on to the anode of graphite cake, then control electric current intensity 1~ 5A 1~5min of reaction time, exchange anode and cathode, same time are reacted again, dry;Or by two pieces of carbon cloth sample, it is solid respectively Due to the negative electrode and anode of graphite electrode, then 1~5A of control electric current, 1~5min of reaction time, from electrochemical reaction appts Take out carbon cloth, drying;
3) sprayed on sample B or impregnate modified phenol resin solution, dried naturally, obtain sample C, claim sample C quality, protect Resin content is demonstrate,proved in 18-25%, it is carried out hot-forming to obtain carbon cloth reinforced resin friction material.
2. a kind of electrochemical modification carbon cloth strengthens the preparation method of friction material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: Step 1) before also include to the pre-treatment step of carbon cloth, be specially that carbon cloth is first soaked into 30min with deionized water, then by carbon cloth Ultrasonic wave added 12h in acetone soln is placed in, carbon cloth sample is then dried to obtain.
3. a kind of electrochemical modification carbon cloth strengthens the preparation method of friction material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Step It is rapid 2) in, the device of electrochemical modification carbon cloth is homemade electrolytic cell, and volume is 640cm3, a length of 12cm, wide and Gao Douwei 10cm, wall thickness 1cm, negative and positive the two poles of the earth are at a distance of 2~7cm, and electrode material is inert electrode material.
4. a kind of electrochemical modification carbon cloth strengthens the preparation method of friction material according to claim 3, it is characterised in that:Electricity The material for solving groove is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and inert electrode material is graphite cake or platinum sheet.
5. a kind of electrochemical modification carbon cloth strengthens the preparation method of friction material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Change Property phenol resin solution is the phenol-formaldehyde resin modified ethanol solution that mass fraction is 10~20%, described modified phenolic resin Fat is the phenolic resin that nitrile rubber or cashew nut shell are modified.
6. a kind of electrochemical modification carbon cloth strengthens the preparation method of friction material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Heat Molded technique is:170 DEG C of hot pressing temperature, 8~12min of hot pressing time, hot pressing pressure is 8~12MPa, and hot pressing thickness is 0.6mm。
7. a kind of electrochemical modification carbon cloth strengthens the preparation method of friction material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Institute The processing electric current 2A for the electrochemical treatments stated, processing time is 3min.
8. a kind of electrochemical modification carbon cloth strengthens friction material, it is characterised in that:As described in claim 1 to 7 any one Preparation method is made;The coefficient of kinetic friction of obtained friction material is 0.134-0.139, and wear extent is 9.3-12.6mm3
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CN107190296B (en) * 2017-05-11 2019-09-03 陕西科技大学 The method for growing metal oxide on conductive plate and the application in friction material
CN109385039A (en) * 2017-08-14 2019-02-26 王斌 Carbon fiber-reinforced resin compounded mix manufacturing method

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