CN105026628A - Unbalanced hybrid cords and methods for making such cords on cable cording machines - Google Patents
Unbalanced hybrid cords and methods for making such cords on cable cording machines Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105026628A CN105026628A CN201480010917.8A CN201480010917A CN105026628A CN 105026628 A CN105026628 A CN 105026628A CN 201480010917 A CN201480010917 A CN 201480010917A CN 105026628 A CN105026628 A CN 105026628A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- strand
- cord
- composition
- length
- aramid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
- D02G3/26—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre with characteristics dependent on the amount or direction of twist
- D02G3/28—Doubled, plied, or cabled threads
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
- D01H1/00—Spinning or twisting machines in which the product is wound-up continuously
- D01H1/02—Spinning or twisting machines in which the product is wound-up continuously ring type
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
- D02G3/04—Blended or other yarns or threads containing components made from different materials
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
- D02G3/48—Tyre cords
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
- D07B1/02—Ropes built-up from fibrous or filamentary material, e.g. of vegetable origin, of animal origin, regenerated cellulose, plastics
- D07B1/025—Ropes built-up from fibrous or filamentary material, e.g. of vegetable origin, of animal origin, regenerated cellulose, plastics comprising high modulus, or high tenacity, polymer filaments or fibres, e.g. liquid-crystal polymers
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
- Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
- Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
Abstract
A hybrid cord formed from a plurality of component plies wherein at least one of the plies has a length that is from 1 to 50 percent longer than the other plies and a method of providing a cord with predetermined twist and component ply lengths.
Description
Background technology
1. technical field
The present invention relates to the mixing cord of preparation twisting.
2. the description of association area
Dissimilar material (such as, one has high modulus and one has comparatively low modulus) usually one is used from mixing cord, for application such as such as tire enhancings.When forming plied cord, consider the modulus difference between bi-material, or in order to realize the cord response expected, usually in high-modulus strand and low modulus strand, use different twist level.Current this can not realize on cable-former, because it can not form cord in the mode identical with ring type twisting mill.Although mixing cord can be prepared on cable-former, but attainable cord limited performance is in the twisted cord of balance, that is, the performance of the wherein cord that high-modulus is identical with low modulus strand length, in this case, a kind of response is only existed for any given twist level.When the unbalanced mixture of needs, current its is prepared on ring type twisting mill.Cable-former provides huge production capacity advantage, so, consider that unbalanced mixture is more common than the twisting mixture of complete equipilibrium, preparation balance and unbalanced mixture on this type of machine may be desirably in.
accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 illustrates the cable-former of prior art.
Fig. 2 illustrates the front view of cable-former of the present invention.
Fig. 3 illustrates the side view of cable-former of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the graph of relation that load and elongation at break are shown.
Summary of the invention
The present invention relates to a kind of mixing cord, it comprises multiple strand, does not wherein consider the twisting of described strand, and at least two in described strand have the strand length do not waited, and at least one in described strand has the length than other strand long 1 to 50%.
Detailed description of the invention
So-called mixing cord refers to the cord be made up of at least two strands, and wherein at least one strand has the modulus different from other strand.Such as, strand can be para-aramid and another strand can be nylon.Described strand also can have identical composition, but has different modulus.
So-called zero plying refers to when being removed from cord by strand but not making cord loose, the twisting amount can measured in strand.So-called strand length refers to when being removed from cord by strand but not making cord loose, the length of strand.
When being combined in cabling process by two yarn strands, described strand runs through adjuster.Described adjuster can be made up of the pulley of two on a side, and described pulley is connected to two pulleys on another side by two solid shaftings.Described adjuster contributes to guaranteeing that strand enters cord twisting mill with identical speed.Fig. 1 is to mark the adjuster that 10 roughly illustrate prior art, and it comprises the pulley 11 connected by axle 12.The diameter of described pulley is all identical.Fig. 2 illustrates in general an adjuster to mark 20, and it comprises the pulley 14a being connected to pulley 14b by axle 15.Two pulley 14a on side 1 have the diameter larger than the pulley 14b on side 2, and the strand therefore running through side 1 enters cord more quickly by than the strand from side 2.This is because the pulley on both sides is connected by solid shafting and must rotate with identical speed.The larger girth (contrary with the pulley on side 2) of the pulley on side 1 creates longer path that strand reels and therefore for each rotation of pulley, carries more multi cord.Fig. 3 is the side view of Fig. 2 and the path of strand 13 around larger diameter pulley 14a is shown.Second composition strand follows the Similar Track (not shown) around small diameter pulley 14b.Therefore, do not consider the twisting of strand, at least two in described strand have the strand length do not waited.In one embodiment, the present invention uses a series of pulley size to form unbalanced mixing cord.By sending high-modulus strand and send comparatively low modulus strand above comparatively large pulley above comparatively truckle, in cord structure, high-modulus strand will be longer than other strand.The ratio that ratio between pulley size will determine between strand length.If the diameter ratio for the pulley of high-modulus strand is used for the diameter large 25% of the pulley of low modulus strand, then the former will be about 25% than the latter.
Except mate the performance of unbalanced ring type twisting mixing cord on cable-former capacity level except, also can improve the quality of cord.When forming the large twisting difference between high-modulus strand and low modulus strand on ring type twisting mill, the low modulus strand of highly twisting provides the moment of torsion of the abundant residues in cord.If use different size pulley cable-former on realize length difference, then the residual torque in this type of low modulus strand will minimize or not exist.This is by how neutral for permission cord and more hold manageable cord in the mill.
Mix cord to be made up of multiple strand, wherein there is zero twisting in strand, and at least one in strand has than other strand long 1 to 50%, or long 1 to 35%, or even grow the length of 1 to 25%.Select the different length amount between strand, with applicable particular characteristic requirement.In certain embodiments, the line density that cord has 500 to 5000 DENIER is mixed.In certain embodiments, the line density that cord has 1000 to 3500 DENIER is mixed.Mixing cord can be made up of polymer strand, and described polymer strand is meta-aramid, para-aramid, polyazole, nylon, polyester, PEN (PEN), artificial silk, polypropylene, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMW-PE) or carbon such as.Suitable polyazole is poly-
diazole, such as with trade name Arselon from OJSC Svetlogorsk Khimvolokno(Svetlogorsk, Belarus) buy.Mixing cord also can be made up of metal strands.
Mixing cord can comprise the single strand of high modulus material and the single strand of low-modulus material, and such as at least one para-aramid strand and at least one nylon strand, wherein the strand of shorter length is nylon.Mixing cord even can comprise at least one para-aramid strand and at least one meta-aramid strand, and wherein the strand of shorter length is meta-aramid.
In a preferred embodiment, described strand comprises thread yarn, and described thread yarn can be that continuous print, part are discontinuous or discontinuous, and this type of term is known in textile field.The example of the discontinuous yarn of part is crush cutting yarn.The example of discontinuous yarn is for prescinding yarn.
In one embodiment of the invention, para-aramid strand, than meta-aramid strand long 2 to 7%, preferably grows 3 to 6%, or more preferably grows 4 to 5%.The mixing cord being shaped to this structure of woven or knit goods is particularly useful for standing the assembly of burst pressure test under low temperature such as room temperature and the testing fatigue at high temperature such as 175 DEG C.The example of this class component is turbocharger hose, and wherein cord provides and strengthens the structure of elastomeric material.Similar application can be present in the application of other mechanical rubber good, such as conveyer belt and tire.In other embodiments, para-aramid strand can than poly-
diazole strand long 3 to 5%, or poly-
diazole strand can than meta-aramid strand long 1 to 10%.
Strand can have identical or different twisting.In certain embodiments, strand has zero twisting.
Pulley is applicable to installs any cable-former, such as can purchased from Oerlikon Saurer(Charlotte, NC) or Verdol(Valence, France) or Aalidhra Textile Engineers Ltd.(Surat, India) those.
In one embodiment, the invention still further relates to the method that the cord with the predetermined twist and composition strand length is provided, said method comprising the steps of:
I () determines cord twist factor and the composition strand length of expectation,
(ii) composition forming strand number and each strand is determined,
(iii) cable-former is provided,
(iv) pulley of appropriate size selected by the adjuster for cable-former, makes the pulley on side 1 be greater than pulley on side 2, to provide the composition strand length of expectation in cord,
V the twist level of the mixing cord of expectation is set in described cable-former by (),
(vi) by described strand feed in cable-former, and
(vii) preparation has the twist factor of expectation and the cable of composition strand length.
Another embodiment relates to the method providing the mixing cord with predetermined twisting and composition strand length, and described method causes forcing length difference to carry out by adjustment of tonicity, and described length difference realization is above summarizes target, and the size of its middle pulley increases.This embodiment comprises the following steps:
I () determines cord twist factor and the composition strand length of expectation,
(ii) composition forming strand number and each strand is determined,
(iii) cable-former is provided,
(iv) twist level of the mixing cord of expectation is set in described cable-former,
V () arranges the tension level of the expectation of described composition strand,
(vi) by described strand feed in cable-former, and
(vii) preparation has the twist factor of expectation and the cable of composition strand length.
In this embodiment, the cable-former of Fig. 1 can be used with being positioned at together with the yarn tension device (not shown) before each yarn feed-in pulley.Multiple tensioner commercially can be buied and be suitable for using.
In the above described two methods, the various combinations that strand can have twisting are formed.Such as, strand can all have zero twisting; Composition strand all has identical twisting; Or in composition strand at least two can have different twisting.
example:
Provide following instance so that the present invention will be described and should not be understood to limit the invention by any way.
prepared by sample
Para-aramid used is Kevlar
?k29,1100 dtexs, purchased from E.I. DuPont de Nemours and Company(Wilmington, DE).
Nylon yarn used is PA66, and 1400 dtexs, purchased from Invista(Wilmington, DE).
Cord is formed on Oerlikon Alima CC3 cable-former, and wherein each cord comprises a para-aramid yarn and a nylon yarn.All cords all have the twist factor of 6.5.A kind of cord is by making two kinds of yarns all by having two kinds of composition yarns of equal length above the pulley of equal diameter.Other cord is by using with lower sheave, wherein para-aramid yarn passes through the diameter large 5%, 10% and 20% of those pulleys of top respectively than nylon yarn by the diameter of the pulley of top, and has the length para-aramid yarn of 5%, 10% and 20% larger than nylon yarn.Then, at Instron
?universal testing machine model 5500 is tested the mechanical performance of cord.Method of testing is ASTM D885-07.The load of example and the graph of relation of elongation at break shown in Figure 4.
Curve in Fig. 4 illustrates when not changing cord twist level, and the performance of mixing cord can carry out the degree of modification with different pulley ratios.For Kevlar
?the example of/nylon mixture, 100/100 represents Kevlar
?the diameter of yarn pulley is thereon identical with the diameter of nylon yarn feed pulley thereon.Kevlar
?/ nylon mixture, 105/100 represents Kevlar
?the diameter of yarn feed pulley is thereon than the diameter large 5% of nylon yarn feed pulley thereon, and similar for other curve in Fig. 4.In some tire applications, expect higher percentage elongation and lower initial modulus, and by for Kevlar
?strand-use comparatively large pulley to realize.
Claims (19)
1. a mixing cord, it comprises multiple strand, wherein do not consider the twisting of described strand, at least two in described strand have the strand length do not waited, and at least one in described strand has the length than other strand long 1 to 50%, and described strand comprises yarn, described yarn is selected from continuous filament yarn, prescinds yarn and crush cutting yarn.
2. cord according to claim 1, wherein said composition strand is polymerization or metal.
3. cord according to claim 1, at least one in wherein said strand has the length than other strand long 1 to 35%.
4. cord according to claim 1, at least one in wherein said strand has the length than other strand long 1 to 25%.
5. cord according to claim 2, wherein said polymerised unit line selection is from meta-aramid, para-aramid, polyazole, nylon, polyester, PEN, artificial silk, UHMW-PE and carbon.
6. cord according to claim 5, wherein said polyazole is poly-
diazole.
7. cord according to claim 5, it comprises at least one para-aramid strand and at least one nylon strand.
8. cord according to claim 5, it comprises at least one para-aramid strand and at least one meta-aramid strand.
9. cord according to claim 7, wherein the strand of shortest length is nylon.
10. cord according to claim 8, wherein the strand of shortest length is meta-aramid.
11. cords according to claim 8, wherein said para-aramid strand is than described meta-aramid strand long 4 to 5%.
12. 1 kinds provide the method with the mixing cord making a reservation for twisting and composition strand length, said method comprising the steps of:
I () determines cord twist factor and the composition strand length of expectation,
(ii) composition forming strand number and each strand is determined,
(iii) cable-former is provided,
(iv) twist level of the mixing cord of expectation is set in described cable-former,
V () arranges the tension level of the expectation of described composition strand,
(vi) by described strand feed in described cable-former, and
(vii) preparation has the twist factor of expectation and the cable of composition strand length.
13. methods according to claim 12, wherein said composition strand has zero twisting.
14. methods according to claim 12, wherein said composition strand all has identical twisting.
15. methods according to claim 12, at least two in wherein said composition strand have different twisting.
16. 1 kinds of products be made up of method according to claim 12, wherein said composition strand has zero twisting.
17. 1 kinds of products be made up of method according to claim 12, wherein said composition strand all has identical twisting.
18. 1 kinds of products be made up of method according to claim 12, at least two in wherein said composition strand have different twisting.
20. 1 kinds of elastomers strengthen flexible pipe, and it comprises mixing cord according to claim 1.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US13/778595 | 2013-02-27 | ||
| US13/778,595 US9175425B2 (en) | 2013-02-27 | 2013-02-27 | Unbalanced hybrid cords and methods for making on cable cording machines |
| US14/037459 | 2013-09-26 | ||
| US14/037,459 US20140237983A1 (en) | 2013-02-27 | 2013-09-26 | Unbalanced Hybrid Cords and Methods for Making on Cable Cording Machines |
| PCT/US2014/017244 WO2014133851A1 (en) | 2013-02-27 | 2014-02-20 | Unbalanced hybrid cords and methods for making such cords on cable cording machines |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105026628A true CN105026628A (en) | 2015-11-04 |
Family
ID=50193633
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201480010917.8A Pending CN105026628A (en) | 2013-02-27 | 2014-02-20 | Unbalanced hybrid cords and methods for making such cords on cable cording machines |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20140237983A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2961869B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP6336491B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN105026628A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2014133851A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113089161A (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2021-07-09 | 江苏太极实业新材料有限公司 | Polyamide 56 and polyester PET composite impregnated cord fabric and preparation method thereof |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR101580352B1 (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2015-12-23 | 코오롱인더스트리 주식회사 | Hybrid Fiber Cord and Method for Manufacturing The Same |
| KR101740769B1 (en) * | 2014-10-21 | 2017-05-29 | 한국타이어 주식회사 | Hybrid cord and high performance radial tire comprising the same |
| KR101602605B1 (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2016-03-21 | 코오롱인더스트리 주식회사 | Hybrid Tire Cord and Method for Manufacturing The Same |
| US20170175301A1 (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2017-06-22 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Hybrid Cord and Use Thereof |
| JP2017210096A (en) * | 2016-05-25 | 2017-11-30 | 横浜ゴム株式会社 | Pneumatic tire |
| DE102016006832A1 (en) * | 2016-06-02 | 2017-12-07 | Saurer Germany Gmbh & Co. Kg | Twister head rotor |
| JP6742511B2 (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2020-08-19 | コーロン インダストリーズ インク | Hybrid tire cord and manufacturing method thereof |
| WO2018075305A1 (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2018-04-26 | Firestone Fibers & Textiles Company, Llc | Hybrid twisted cord |
| KR102092145B1 (en) * | 2017-04-20 | 2020-03-24 | 퇴펠베르게르 피베르 로페 게엠베하 | High-strength fibre rope for hoisting equipment such as cranes |
| JP6756943B1 (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2020-09-16 | 三ツ星ベルト株式会社 | Twisted cord for core wire of transmission belt, its manufacturing method and application, and transmission belt |
| EP3967799A1 (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2022-03-16 | Teufelberger Fiber Rope GmbH | Textile fibre rope comprising a plied yarn or core-sheath yarn and method of manufacturung such a yarn |
Family Cites Families (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3631667A (en) * | 1967-08-29 | 1972-01-04 | Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp | Method of making reinforcement for tires |
| US3776293A (en) * | 1967-08-29 | 1973-12-04 | Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp | Reinforcement for tires |
| US3938313A (en) * | 1967-08-29 | 1976-02-17 | Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corporation | Reinforcement for tires and method of making same |
| US4319447A (en) * | 1979-03-08 | 1982-03-16 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Method of forming a bulky yarn |
| US4416935A (en) * | 1981-12-11 | 1983-11-22 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours & Co. | Bulked extensible weft yarn suitable for use as tire cords |
| US4590754A (en) * | 1983-12-27 | 1986-05-27 | Northern Telecom Limited | Forming cable core units |
| US6601378B1 (en) * | 1999-09-08 | 2003-08-05 | Honeywell International Inc. | Hybrid cabled cord and a method to make it |
| US7254934B2 (en) * | 2005-03-24 | 2007-08-14 | The Gates Corporation | Endless belt with improved load carrying cord |
| DE502006006459D1 (en) * | 2005-07-21 | 2010-04-29 | Cortex Huembelin Ag | HIGH SECURITY ROPE |
| WO2009027615A2 (en) * | 2007-08-30 | 2009-03-05 | Ritm | Hybrid thread and method for making same |
| US7513021B1 (en) * | 2008-02-28 | 2009-04-07 | Haselwander John G | Variable coring of twisted yarn |
| EP2449283B1 (en) * | 2009-07-02 | 2014-10-15 | The Gates Corporation | Improved fabric for toothed power transmission belt and belt |
| CA2788719A1 (en) * | 2010-02-03 | 2011-08-11 | Liberty Properties Management, Llc | Process of making a fire resistant thread |
| KR101353700B1 (en) * | 2010-09-17 | 2014-01-21 | 코오롱인더스트리 주식회사 | Hybrid fiber and Method for manufacturing the same |
-
2013
- 2013-09-26 US US14/037,459 patent/US20140237983A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2014
- 2014-02-20 CN CN201480010917.8A patent/CN105026628A/en active Pending
- 2014-02-20 EP EP14707921.4A patent/EP2961869B1/en active Active
- 2014-02-20 WO PCT/US2014/017244 patent/WO2014133851A1/en active Application Filing
- 2014-02-20 JP JP2015558932A patent/JP6336491B2/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113089161A (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2021-07-09 | 江苏太极实业新材料有限公司 | Polyamide 56 and polyester PET composite impregnated cord fabric and preparation method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20140237983A1 (en) | 2014-08-28 |
| WO2014133851A1 (en) | 2014-09-04 |
| EP2961869A1 (en) | 2016-01-06 |
| JP6336491B2 (en) | 2018-06-06 |
| EP2961869B1 (en) | 2021-05-05 |
| JP2016513189A (en) | 2016-05-12 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN105026628A (en) | Unbalanced hybrid cords and methods for making such cords on cable cording machines | |
| US20180017191A1 (en) | Unbalanced Hybrid Cords and Methods for Making on Cable Cording Machines | |
| US10035379B2 (en) | Hybrid cord and high-performance radial tire including the same | |
| KR101844105B1 (en) | Hybrid cords having high tenacity and high elongation at break | |
| AU773621B2 (en) | Hybrid cabled cord and a method to make it | |
| JP2018071036A (en) | Hybrid fiber cord | |
| WO2015030134A1 (en) | Toothed belt | |
| US10215257B2 (en) | Short rubber reinforcement fiber, rubber composition containing said short fiber, and power transmission belt | |
| JP6084262B2 (en) | Mixed fiber and method for producing the same | |
| JP2016513189A5 (en) | ||
| CN107002354B (en) | Textile cord at least three kinds twists | |
| JP5379032B2 (en) | Composite cord for rubber reinforcement | |
| CN107002314A (en) | High modulus weave cord with least three kinds twists | |
| US5268221A (en) | Fiber reinforced rubber articles | |
| KR20200100072A (en) | Method of manufacturing thread-like reinforcement elements | |
| US11306432B2 (en) | HMPE fiber with improved bending fatigue performance | |
| JPH0425643A (en) | Fiber reinforced rubber goods | |
| KR940003183B1 (en) | Fiber reinforced rubber products | |
| JP6935000B2 (en) | Transmission belt core wire and transmission belt and their manufacturing method | |
| WO2021145348A1 (en) | Core wire for drive belt, drive belt, and method for manufacturing core wire and drive belt | |
| CN114761705A (en) | Drive belt, use of a drive belt of this type as a V-ribbed belt and method for producing the same |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C02 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application after publication (patent law 2001) | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20151104 |