CN105003920A

CN105003920A - System and method for managing and using excessive corn residues

Info

Publication number: CN105003920A
Application number: CN201510505766.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 特鲁曼·K·霍姆; 菲利普·E·托尔夫森; 威廉·F·菲雷尔
Original assignee: Biomass Products LLC
Current assignee: Biomass Products LLC
Priority date: 2010-11-15
Filing date: 2010-11-15
Publication date: 2015-10-28
Anticipated expiration: 2030-11-15
Also published as: CN105003920B

Abstract

The invention discloses a system and a method for managing and using excessive corn residues on the ground, a system and a method for burning the corn residues to generate heat to generate steam heat as well as a method and a system for harvesting and pre-processing the corn residues before the corn residues are burnt.

Description

The system and method for the corn residue that management and use are excessive

The divisional application that the application is the applying date is on November 15th, 2010, application number is 201080070143.X, name is called the patent application of " system and method for the corn residue that management and use are excessive ".

Technical field

The disclosure generally relates to for using biomass as fuel to generate the system and method for electric power.

Background technology

After having gathered in corn grain (i.e. the core of cereal), ground corn residue (i.e. maize straw) has been believed to comprise remaining cornstalk, leaf, shell and corncob in ground usually.According to traditional agricultural practice, many corn planting persons select ground corn residue to be retained in their soil, thus keep the fertile and organic principle of soil.The corn planting person of rear cattle usually uses corn residue as the feed of ox simultaneously.Such as, corn residue can also be regarded forage feeding, or packaged as feed or straw mattress.Corn residue can also be used as to produce cellulose alcohol and can be used as fuels sources and wherein coal as in the smelting furnace of the burning coal of main fuel with coal co-fire.

Summary of the invention

An aspect of the present disclosure generally relates to and helps high yield corn planting person effectively to manage by their effort excessive corn residue generates electric power simultaneously system and method from excessive corn residue.

Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to for effectively gathering in and pack corn residue, and for effectively using the corn residue of harvesting like this to generate the system and method in the main fuel source in facility as steam.

The example having set forth various creative aspect in detailed description of the invention below represents.Creative aspect relates to the combination of single feature and feature.Description total before should be appreciated that and detailed description of the invention below provide only the example how being carried out aspect of the present invention putting into practice, and are not limited to the wide spirit and scope of creative aspect.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 shows principle according to the present invention for managing excessive corn residue and using corn residue to carry out the flow chart of the method for generating steam;

Fig. 2 shows principle according to the present invention generates facility example place position for corn residue burning and steam;

Fig. 3 is the distribution of industrial construction sites's general view generating facility for corn residue burning and steam according to principle of the present invention;

Fig. 4 shows the first disintegrator/swathmaker cut according to the execution corn residue of principle of the present invention in the process that solarization (windrow) operates;

Fig. 4 A shows the second pulverizer/swathmaker being suitable for cutting solarization corn residue according to principle of the present invention;

Fig. 4 B shows the three pulverizer/swathmaker being suitable for cutting solarization corn residue according to principle of the present invention;

Fig. 4 C shows the four pulverizer/swathmaker being suitable for cutting solarization corn residue according to principle of the present invention;

Fig. 4 D shows the five pulverizer/swathmaker being suitable for cutting solarization corn residue according to principle of the present invention;

Fig. 5 shows according to the baling press in the process carrying out the packing operation of corn residue of the present invention;

Fig. 5 A is the side view of a part for the baling press of Fig. 5;

Fig. 6 shows the gathering machine for collecting large bag from soil;

Fig. 7 shows the flow chart that principle according to the present invention utilizes the method for corn residue;

Fig. 8 is the summary plane of the preprocessing station of the distribution of industrial construction sites of Fig. 3;

Fig. 9 is the summary side view of the materials pulverizer of the preprocessing station being positioned at Fig. 8;

Figure 10 is the summary plane of the recycle bin of the distribution of industrial construction sites of Fig. 3;

Figure 11 is the summary side view of the recycle bin of Figure 10;

Figure 12 be the recycle bin of the distribution of industrial construction sites of Fig. 3 can the summary plane of arrangement;

Figure 13 is the summary side view of the recycle bin of Figure 12; With

Figure 14 is the burning of the distribution of industrial construction sites of Fig. 3 and the schematic diagram in steam generation station and power station.

Detailed description of the invention

After harvesting grain, corn planting person is usually by accomplishing corn residue rake in soil to manage their corn residue.It is necessary that orthodox practice tells that corn residue rake is got back in soil by we, thus keeps nutrient and the organic principle of soil.Thus, it has been generally acknowledged that the output of to be got back in soil by corn residue rake and helping soil to obtain to increase and reduce the quantity of the artificial fertilizers that applies on soil of needs and soil conditioner.

The total biomass of corn comprises corn grain, ground corn residue and underground root system system.Generally speaking, corn grain accounts for about 1/3rd of the total biomass of corn, and ground corn residue accounts for another 1/3rd of the total biomass of corn and root system system accounts for last 1/3rd of the total biomass of corn.Suppose the corn grain heavily about 56 pounds of a bushel.Situation is as follows, for the corn grain of every bushel, also produces the ground corn residue of 56 pounds.

The output that agrotechnical progress result in every acre of corn grain significantly increases.By the corn grain output day by day increased, the total amount of the corn residue of every acre also increases.The corn residue of recruitment is a problem for present peasant.Such as, a large amount of corn residue may block or block type farming equipment, hinders corn residue effectively to be got back in soil by plough thus.In addition, soil can not accept the corn yield of the current growth of Sum decomposition and a large amount of corn residue caused.As a result, corn residue is not by integrated and enter in soil equably, and this causes slow or uneven soil to get warm again after a cold spell.In addition, the excessive corn residue in soil may due to soil and the insufficient contact of seed and the retarded germination causing slower water to absorb and cause.In addition, early stage crop growth can be postponed from the chemical agent elimination of crops residue.The ability of person's maximum output that the problems referred to above relevant to excessive corn residue may disturb corn planting.Thus, in order to the maize farming thing of high yield, it is believed that removing the excessive corn residue of major part from the soil of corn planting person will cause higher output, and negative effect can not be had to the long term productivity of soil.Such as, research is presented in some cases, removes the increase that only about half of ground corn residue can provide the corn grain output of 13 bushels every acre from soil, and this causes corn residue on every acre of extra ground of about 728 pounds.

The present invention relates to the method and system that the problem helping corn planting person effectively to solve their excessive corn residue compensates their excessive corn residue simultaneously.Present invention also offers by providing electric power to create local working opportunity from the renewable fuels sources of biology simultaneously and society at utmost provided to the method and system of benefit.

Fig. 1 shows the flow chart of the large-scale methods according to the excessive ground corn residue of the management and use of principle of the present invention.The method starts at first step 10, wherein identifies special facility place position.Need when recognizing appropriate place position to consider a large amount of factor.Such as, the place position be applicable to should close to the milpa of the continuous maize planting of high density high yield.Term used herein " high yield " milpa means every acre of milpa providing the grain yield of at least 180 bushel of corn cereal.The milpa of continuous maize planting refers to the soil repeating maize planting in the continuous print time.Preferably, there is the milpa of the continuous maize planting of high yield of at least 880000 acres in the coverage of selected place position.With reference to figure 2, place position 12 is shown as to be in be had in the coverage 14 of 30 mile radius, wherein has the milpa of 880000 acres of continuous maize plantings of high yield.In most preferred embodiment, 880000 acres of high yield corns in coverage 14 provide the average grain output of every acre at least 190 bushel of corn cereal.It is said, utilizing 50% of corn residue on the ground of existence on 4% of the high yield corn of in coverage 880000 acres can provide is enough to allow the facility ongoing operation biomass fuels sources of a year.The bio-fuel based on corn residue of annual about at least 174000 tons of this representative.By construction site position 12 near a large amount of high yield corn, place position 12 is positioned near the large number of biological fuel of excessive corn residue form.Closing on bio-fuel allows the cost of transportation of bio-fuel to minimize, thus strengthens the cost efficiency of whole system.

Place position 12 be positioned at there is stable electricity needs market near be also important.This often means that place position connects and be bordering on the center of a large amount of population, it has stable needs to electric power, keeps stable electricity price thus.In certain embodiments, the electricity selecting place position 12 to make to generate at place position 12 can be sold in PJM market or similar electricity market.

Once identify place position, the second step 20 of the method for Fig. 1 is included in place position 12 and builds burning and steam generation facility 13 (see Fig. 3), for pretreatment and the excessive corn residue of gathering in from coverage 14/collecting of burning.Facility 13 can comprise burning and steam generates station 15.Burning and steam generate station 15 can refer to the terms such as burning and steam generating unit, island, layout.Burning and steam generate station 15 can comprise for corn residue of burning smelting furnace and use come self-thermo furnace the combustion heat generation steam boiler.Facility can also comprise steam turbin generator 17 (that is, the steamturbine cooperated with generator), thus is electric energy by the thermal power transfer from steam.Alternatively, steam may be used for other application.Such as, steam may be used for cellulose or grain alcohol manufacturing process or uses other techniques processing steam.

Preferably, the smelting furnace at burning and steam generation station 15 is configured to burning corn residue as main fuel.Certainly, smelting furnace can comprise supplemental heat source, such as neat gas burner, is usually used in smelting furnace and starts and shutoff operation.But preferably, starting in the course of normal operation between closedown, corn residue is as the main fuel (that is, main fuel) of smelting furnace combustion.In certain embodiments, maize straw is the sole fuel of smelting furnace combustion in certain period.In other embodiments, can burn in smelting furnace and comprise the maize straw as key component and other Combustion Source as accessory constituent (such as discarded seed).

Facility 13 can also comprise preprocessing station 19, and preprocessing station 19 comprises the storage layout of the storage of corn residue on place for providing some to gather in.In certain embodiments, storage layout can comprise the short-term working area 21 in pretreatment building, will carry out pretreated corn residue for preserving at once; And external backup memory block 23, for storing the backup supply (supply of the corn residue of such as a week, it generally includes at least 3400 and wraps greatly, and each large bag weighs 1250 pounds) of corn residue.Backup supply guarantees that facility 13 can in weather or the interference of other factors to can ongoing operation predetermined amount of time when facility sustainable supply corn residue.Preprocessing station 19 can comprise the treatment facility 27 in pretreatment building, for processing (such as pulverizing) corn residue before combustion.

Also with reference to figure 3, facility 13 can comprise recycle bin 25, it provides preprocessing station 19 and the buffering between burning and steam generation station 15, for pretreated corn residue being kept in the limited time in enclosure space before the smelting furnace pretreated corn residue being fed to burning and steam generation station 15.Recycle bin 25 allows preprocessing station 19 to operate (such as 8-10 hour) within the duration set every day, and burning simultaneously and steam generate station 15 ongoing operation.When operating preprocessing station, the speed that pretreated corn residue produces has exceeded burning and steam generates the speed that station 15 consumes corn residue.Thus, the excessive pretreatment corn residue generated by preprocessing station 19 is deposited in recycle bin 25.Be enough to make burning and steam generate station 15 ongoing operation within the time cycle that preprocessing station 19 is closed in the quantity of the corn residue of recycle bin 25 stacking.

Preferably, facility 13 also comprises pollution abatement equipment.Such as, facility 13 can comprise the equipment (such as mechanical filter, mechanical separator, such as cyclone separator, electrofilter or other structures) of the microparticle material removing such as flying dust in the exhaust stream for generating from facility.Facility also comprises SNCR (SNCR) system, for reducing the nitrogen oxide (NO in toxic emission _x) concentration.In addition, facility also comprises sour gas control system, in and the sour gas that exists in toxic emission.

With reference to figure 1, the third step 30 of shown method comprises signs a contract with the corn planting person in coverage 14, gathers in excessive corn residue to represent them.Usually, facility operations person signs with corn planting person about the contract for many years gathering in excessive ground corn residue (such as 3 years, 5 years etc.).The quantity of the corn residue of harvesting can be different according to the difference of corn planting person.Such as, some corn plantings person can sign a contract by the whole corn residue on given area by facility operations person from soil gather in or remove.But the many corn planting persons in coverage can select a part for the corn residue only gathering in and remove them from soil.Usually the output of in question corn grain can be depended on by the quantity of the corn residue of gathering in.Output is equaled to the high yield area of 180 bushels every acre or more, preferably sign a contract to specify the ground corn residue of at least 50% can be gathered in by facility operations person.In typical application, the corn residue of 40% to 60% can not reduced the productivity of soil by lasting harvesting.In this case, according to the output of in question corn grain, sign a contract by the quantity of corn residue of gathering in usually in the scope of every acre of 2.25-2.5 ton.

It will be appreciated that the time cycle of harvesting corn residue is very short and be usually confined to one to two months.In this case, preferably, the person that needs corn planting of signing a contract notify facility operations person when corn planting person intends harvesting grain time and when grower in fact harvesting grain time.In addition, contract can require corn planting person provides the information (such as, the current water content of corn grain, the current water content of maize straw) relevant to maize farming thing to facility operations person.Above-mentioned information allows facility operations person effectively to plan when gathering in ground corn residue.Contract also can require corn planting, and person makes the acreage under cultivation of the corn planting person of predetermined quantity may be used for storing the corn residue of being gathered in by facility operations person.Corn planting person all on store time cycle of specifying of the corn residue of harvesting can from 1 month to 12 months.

In the 4th step 40 of the method for Fig. 1, facility operations person represents corn planting, and person gathers in excessive corn residue.Preferably, corn residue has the water content in the scope of about 10-15% when harvesting.The efficiency of the water content impact burning corn residue of corn residue.If corn residue is too wet, then British thermal unit (BTU) (BTU) value of corn residue declines.On the contrary, if corn residue is too dry, then energy transformation ratio reduces.Thus, to be usually desirably in after cereal is gathered in and before excessive corn residue is gathered in, excessive corn residue keeps predetermined time amount in soil.By this way, due to wind, the sun and low relative humidity, allow excessive corn residue to be dried to aspiration level in soil.Once corn residue reaches the water content of expectation, then harvesting corn residue.

The initial water content data being supplied to facility operations person by corn planting person when harvesting grain can provide and should to keep dry in soil rough estimate how long about excessive corn residue before the corn residue excessive in harvesting.Can carry out humidity measurement can approximate time of harvesting corn residue with prediction/expection.Humidity-measuring probe can be inserted in multiple positions and measurement result is averaged by the length along multiple stalk and measure the water content of corn residue.Alternatively, the size (such as pulverize) of multi-disc residue (such as stalk, leaf, corncob) can be reduced and placement in heaps, and humidity measurement probe may be used for the water content of determining to pile interior diverse location place.Value is averaged to determine the overall water content of corn residue from piling the different humidity reading obtained.

Should be appreciated that facility operations person needs within the relatively short time, complete a large amount of harvesting.In order to realize this harvesting, facility operations person can short-term lease harvesting apparatus (such as, pulverizer, swathmaker, baling press, gathering machine).In addition, third party can be employed under the supervision of facility operations person, to carry out work as independent contractor, to carry out corn residue harvesting operation.

Time corn residue in the soil of the corn planting person signed an agreement is dried to the water content of expectation, facility operations person's harvesting corn residue.As shown in Figure 4, harvesting process can use the pulverizer/swathmaker 250 dragged by tractor 252.Pulverizer/swathmaker 250 has main casing 251, and main casing 251 has the length extended between the first and second ends 247,249.Pulverizer/swathmaker 250 defines center line 257, and housing 251 is split into two halves and perpendicular to the length of housing 251 by center line 257.Center line 257 extends along the direct of travel of pulverizer/swathmaker 250 usually.Pulverizer/swathmaker 250 has the discharge chute 253 of the first end 247 being positioned at housing 251.End location permission two paths of skewed slot 253 intersect in given area to pile in single stockpile 255 (that is, the stockpile of combination).Pulverizer/swathmaker 250 can comprise cutting mechanism, such as cup-shaped cutter 256 (that is, cup-shaped cutter), and it is assemblied in Rotatruder 258, such as, can be the drum about rotating shaft 260 rotation or axle.Cutting mechanism is arranged in housing 251.Pulverizer/swathmaker 250 can also comprise transverse conveyor, such as, be assemblied in the auger 262 in housing 251, for the corn residue cross drive of being cut by cup-shaped cutter 256 along the length of housing 251 to end discharge chute 253.One or more oar 255 can be assemblied on conveyer 258, sets out discharge chute 253 for corn residue being unloaded backward.Preferably when the water content of corn residue is in the scope of 10-15%, carry out pulverizing/windrow operation.

In order to the object of packing, expect that the stockpile combined has the width w being less than about 42 inches and very constant/uniform height crossing over the width combining stockpile.In order to realize such combination stockpile, expect to cross over the corn residue of collecting from alternate path in soil to pile up at least in part above the stockpile from the first path.Preferably, can achieve this end and not need the part of compacting first stockpile, it can make stockpile balling-up and entirety disintegrate.In order to allow the second stockpile to pile up on the first stockpile, expect to adjust discharge chute 253 to make corn residue at least in part in a lateral direction from the first end 247 outwards discharging of housing 251.In certain embodiments, first stockpile can directly be deposited in after pulverizer/swathmaker, and the second stockpile can, from skewed slot discharging from one end of pulverizer/swathmaker at least in part horizontal outward extending direction, make the second stockpile can pile up at least in part on the first stockpile.

Fig. 4 A-4D shows the various configurations of unloading stream for adjusting from pulverizer/swathmaker guiding.Fig. 4 A shows pulverizer/swathmaker 250a, and it has discharge chute 253a, and discharge chute 253a comprises inside and outside guiding piece 264,265, and it can around inner and outer wall 268,269 pivotable of vertical axis 266,267 about skewed slot 253a.When being pivoted to desired locations, guiding piece 264,265 is fixed on this position (such as using securing member, fixture etc.).It is directed that guiding piece 264,265 can be parallel to center line 257, or angled relative to center line 257.When guiding piece 264,265 in angle away from center line 257 time, move from material and the center line 257 angled direction transverse direction that skewed slot 253a unloads is outside away from center line 257.

Fig. 4 B shows pulverizer/swathmaker 250b, and it has discharge chute 253b, and discharge chute 253b comprises inner and outer wall 270,271.Guiding piece 272 attaches to inwall 270 pivotly.Guiding piece 272 can be angled relative to center line 257, make from skewed slot 253b unload material with the angled direction of center line 257 outwards move away from center line 257.Guiding piece 272 can also be oriented such that skewed slot 253b parallel lines center line 157 discharged material in backward directions.

Fig. 4 C shows pulverizer/swathmaker 250c, and it has discharge chute 253c, and discharge chute 253c comprises inner and outer wall 273,274.Baffle plate 275 attaches to inwall 273 slidably.Baffle plate 275 can slide in the glide direction about center line 257 transverse direction, to change the unloading area of skewed slot 253c.By along glide direction moving stop 275 away from center line 257 and by fixing for baffle plate in position, the unloading area of skewed slot 153c can be made to become narrower.In addition, because carry out regulating instead of regulating at outer wall 274 at inwall 273, the external margin of stockpile formed from skewed slot 253c is away from center line 257.The skewed slot 253c opening of less width combine be close in the outer wall 274 of the skewed slot opening 253c of the outer end of pulverizer/swathmaker 250c be positioned with the stockpile helping obtain narrower combination pile up side by side because two relatively narrow stockpiles can have minimum clearance ground betwixt.

Fig. 4 D shows pulverizer/swathmaker 250d, and it has discharge chute 253d, and discharge chute 253d comprises inner and outer wall 280,281.One in two walls 280,281 can be moved to control the direction of maize straw from skewed slot 250d discharging relative to the main casing of pulverizer/swathmaker 150d.By around vertical pivot axis moving end-wall 280,281, wall 280,281 angularly can move towards center line 257 and center line 257, be parallel to center line 257 moves or moves away from center line 257.

Desired control pulverizing/windrow operates, and makes the quantity of the corn residue of gathering in from given area correspond to the quantity of contract signing.In order to control the quantity of remaining harvesting, pulverizer/swathmaker 250 can be arranged on different cutting-height, and lower cutting-height corresponds to the corn residue of every acre of more tonnage of harvesting and higher cutting-height corresponds to the corn residue that every acre is gathered in less tonnage.In certain embodiments, cutting-height is in the scope of 2 inches to 20 inches.In a preferred embodiment, cutting-height is in the scope of 8-15 inch or 6-12 inch.

In harvesting process, the impurity occurred in expectation minimization stockpile or other fragments.Corn planting person wishes reservation soil as much as possible in their soil.In addition, the soil content increased in the corn residue of harvesting can make the value of fertilizer diminish, the byproduct that fertilizer produces as process corn residue.In addition, the weight of too much in corn residue impurity will increase cost of transportation.In addition, in corn residue, too much impurity uses equipment (such as gathering machine) process by making the large Bao Gengnan formed from corn residue, because the more difficult slip of large bag.

In the process of windrow, the rotation of cup-shaped cutter 256 creates vacuum effectiveness, and this helps attract corn residue and cleared up in swathmaker 250.In this, the quantity of the impurity of collection depends on the height cutting corn residue in pulverizing/windrow process.Higher cutting causes there is less impurity in the corn residue of windrow, and lower cutting causes there is more impurity in the corn residue of windrow.The quantity of impurity in the corn residue of windrow can be controlled by the angle of inclination of the draw bar changing swathmaker 250.

The quantity of vacuum that cup-shaped cutter 256 produces directly depends on the speed that cup-shaped cutter 256 rotates around axle 260.Thus, the rotary speed of desired control cup-shaped cutter, makes corn residue be effectively transferred through to horizontal conveyor, and does not transmit excessive impurity/soil.Usually, tractor Power output often turns in the speed of rotation in the scope of (RPM) at about 900-1100 minute and works, and the power input shaft of swathmaker 250 with one to one ratio driven by Power output.The power input shaft of swathmaker drives the rotation of rotational transmitter 258.When there is excessive impurity and collecting (such as low cutting, drying condition), operator can operate tractor to minimize the rotary speed of Power output.Such as, can operate tractor makes Power output speed be less than 1000RPM or be less than 950RPM.By reducing Power output speed, reducing the rotary speed of cup-shaped cutter 256, reducing the vacuum effectiveness of cup-shaped cutter 256 thus.

In certain embodiments, rotary speed regulation mechanism (such as gear-box or variable-ratio conveyer) can be used to mate with given application to allow the rotary speed of rotational transmitter 158 to be adjusted to.Rotary speed regulation mechanism can be provided by some points between Power output and rotational transmitter 158, or rotary speed regulation mechanism can be provided to regulate the rotary speed of Power output at tractor.By this way, when expecting to provide low cutting under dry conditions, can use rotary speed regulation mechanism that the rotary speed of rotational transmitter 158 is reduced to aspiration level.In addition, for height cutting application, can use rotary speed regulation mechanism that the rotary speed of rotational transmitter 158 is increased to aspiration level, this allows tractor to operate with higher ground speed.

Expect that corn residue is crushed to the average length of the target zone with 3-12 inch by pulverizer/swathmaker 250.In certain embodiments, the corn residue of stockpile 255 is exported to by the average length pulverized as having 6-9 inch target zone from swathmaker 150.Corn residue is pulverized as desired length contributes to producing subsequently the large bag with desired size and compaction.

After completing pulverizing and windrow operation, the corn residue in stockpile 255 is packaged (see Fig. 5) preferably.In packing operation, preferably produce rectangle large bag 166 to contribute to process and stacking.In a preferred embodiment, large bag can be about 3 feet × 4 feet × 8 feet.In order to encourage pigment broken and minimization and cost of transportation, preferably large bag 166 is relatively intensive.In a preferred embodiment, large bag has the compactness densities of at least 13 pounds every cubic feet.In certain embodiments, large bag 166 has the weight within the scope of 1000-1500 pound, or the weight within the scope of 1100-1400 pound, or the weight of about 1200-1300 pound.Above-mentioned weight and tightness degree can be applicable to the large bag formed by the corn residue with about 10% water content.In one embodiment, large bag 166 is kept together by the parcel 168 of at least six plastics strands with at least 450 pounds of tensile strength.In other embodiments, the large bag of the rectangle of other sizes (such as 4 × 4 × 8 feet) or even circular large bag can be used.

Fig. 5 shows the baling press 400 pulled at tractor 402 along a stockpile 255 below.As shown in Figure 5, a part for stockpile is compacted into multiple large bag 166 by baling press 400.Baling press comprises arrow path 404, and it is preferably wider than stockpile 255.Rotatable pick device 406 is arranged in arrow path 404, and for picking up corn residue and corn residue being sent to one group of conveying worm 408, corn residue is moved to central authorities and compresses room 410 by it.In compression room 410, corn residue is pressed into the large bag of rectangle, and then uses strand's packing.The large bag 166 completed is discharged after baling press 400.

With reference to figure 5 and 5A, rotatable pick device 406 comprises the axle 412 rotated around central shaft 414.When axle 412 rotates, multiple radial tip 416 (such as finger, line, component etc.) is transmitted around central shaft 414 by axle 412.Tip 416 is making corn residue to be picked up by tip 416 and the side being sent to conveying worm 408 on axle 412 rotates up.Pick device 406 is located tip overhead too closely will be caused damaged.But when pick device 406 raises, pick device 402 can not pick up undermost corn residue.The corn residue of quite large layer is stayed in stockpile and have problems for the corn planting person carrying out zero tillage, because this layer may disturb effective seed to plant and germinate.In addition, corn residue is stayed in stockpile will reduce overall corn residue harvesting.In order to overcome this problem, baling press 400 can comprise gas auxiliary system 420, for the corn residue helping pick device 406 to pick up bottom in stockpile.Gas auxiliary system 420 can comprise air guide and arrange (such as one or more air knife, valve etc.), it guides the air-flow below pick device 406, to make in stockpile undermost corn residue thus by gas lift in the path of the rotation tip 416 of pick device 406.By this way, pick device 406 can promote location on the ground, still can pick up undermost corn residue in stockpile 255 simultaneously.

After completing large bag process, large bag is collected and the interim deposit position in the soil of the person that is deposited in corn planting.As a part of signing a contract with corn planting person, can arrange to rent the space corresponding with the interim deposit position specific time period from corn planting person.

Collecting device can be used to collect and stacking large bag.Fig. 6 shows example gathering machine 170, and it comprises the vehicle 172 and front lift mechanism 176 that support angled base frame 174.Use gathering machine 170 time, gathering machine 170 be driven through soil and front lift mechanism 176 for by driver's cabin 178 top of vehicle by greatly bag rise to angled base frame 174.In order to pick up given large bag, do not need the movement of stop vehicle.On the contrary, pickup is aloft large wraps and is risen on driver's cabin 178 on angled base frame 174.Then wrap in greatly angled base frame slide downward to stop, thinking that extra large bag provides space.When have collected the large bag of predetermined number on base frame 174, the temporary storage location in the soil of collector 170 turns back to corn planting person, large bag slides memory location from angled base frame 174 and is stacked on memory location there.

In the 5th step 50 of the method for Fig. 1, large bag is sent to burning from the temporary storage location the soil of corn planting person and steam generates facility.Preferably, until need to burn large bag at facility 13 on the soil of the large bag person that is stored in corn planting.Thus, large bag can from the soil transport of corn planting person and immediately/be directly sent to preprocessing station 19 for pretreatment, and without any the intermediate field external memory of large bag.By this way, the time quantum and energy that spend are wrapped greatly in minimization and transport.On the soil of the person that can not be stored in corn planting, large bag can be sent to off-site retrieval position, and large bag is temporarily stored until needs the burning in facility place to wrap greatly there.

In the 6th step 60 of the method for Fig. 1, generate facility 13 place in burning and steam, the corn residue of packing is processed to produce electric power, and is used as byproduct, such as ashes.Fig. 7 is to provide the skeleton diagram of the operating sequence of carrying out at facility 13.In step 70, wrap in greatly preprocessing station 19 pretreated (such as reducing by pulverizing).After preprocessing station 19 carries out pretreatment, pretreated corn residue is sent to recycle bin 25 (see step 72), and pretreated corn residue is stacked in stockpile there.After this, pretreated corn residue is sent to burning from recycle bin 19 and steam generates station 15, and burned (see step 74).The heat produced from the burning of pretreated corn residue is used to produce steam (see step 75), and steam is used to generate electricity (see step 78).The burner exhaust stream obtained from the burning of corn residue be discharged into air before by pollution abatement device processes.Flying dust in waste gas is collected (see step 82) and sells (see step 84).

Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 shows the details of the preprocessing station 19 of Fig. 3.Preprocessing station 19 comprises pretreatment building 90, wherein holds one or more grater 92 and short-term staging area 21.Short-term staging area 21 provides enough spaces to wrap greatly to store 250-350 usually, each heavy about 1250 pounds.Grater 92 comprises feed-in conveyer 93, and it enters grater assembly 94 by wrapping greatly feeding.Grater assembly comprises and one or morely rotatablely grinds unit 96 (such as drum, rotor, axle), its carrying multiplely grinds element 97 (such as tooth, blade, flail etc.), for bag greatly being taken apart and grind the corn residue assembly of the average-size forming large bag.There is provided screen cloth 99 to control to leave the size of the corn residue fragment of material grater 92.Screen cloth 99 at least in part around rotatable grind unit 96 and formed grind room, grind in room to have and rotatablely grind unit 99.In one embodiment, grater 92 grinds the corn residue forming large bag, makes the fragment of the corn residue leaving material grater 92 have the average length being less than 3 inches.Preferably, the corn residue leaving mill have be no more than 25% length on be less than the material of .25 inch.The corn residue ground leaves on discharge conveyor 100 by material grater 92, and the corn residue ground is sent on grasshopper 102 by it.The corn residue ground is sent to recycle bin 25 from preprocessing station 90 by grasshopper 102.

With reference to figure 8, preprocessing station 19 comprises truck routed path 104, and it makes the truck carried from the large bag in the soil of corn planting person to be directly unloaded to feed-in conveyer 93 by wrapping greatly or to be unloaded to short-term staging area 21 when feed-in conveyer 93 has been expired by building extension.Truck routed path have by building 90 directly by configuration.Truck can be provided to claim in preprocessing station 19, for the weight of the load of each truck before determining to unload large bag.This weight may be used for determining each corn planting person should compensate how many by facility operations person according to agreement.

The back-up storage region 23 of preprocessing station 19 is divided between two reserved areas in the tight outside of building 90.As mentioned above, by the corn residue of packing is directly sent to preprocessing station 19 from the memory location the soil of each corn planting person, corn residue is preferably constantly being provided to preprocessing station 19 in the operating process of preprocessing station 19.Thus, what it is expected to that atrocious weather situation or very wet soil may limit the corn residue on the soil of corn planting person within the time cycle is close.In order to address this problem, back-up storage region 23 provides enough scenes of corn residue to store, with the time cycle allowing facility to expect in worst case (such as 1 week) upper continued operation, and the corn residue that wherein can store close to soil.

As previously mentioned, recycle bin 25 provides closed position for stacking the corn residue ground finally being admitted to burning and steam generation station 15.In one embodiment, recycle bin 25 is configured to keep in (such as stack, store, accumulate) at least 1000 tons of corn residue ground.

Figure 10 and Figure 11 shows the details of the recycle bin 25 of Fig. 3.With reference to Figure 10, recycle bin 25 comprises the storage building 110 with length L and width W.Overhead feed-in conveyer 112 extends along the ceiling reclaiming building 110 along the length L reclaiming building 110.Feed-in conveyer 112 receives from the grasshopper 102 extended between preprocessing station 19 and recycle bin 25 corn residue ground.Feed-in conveyer 112 is for reclaiming storage building 110 along reclaiming the length pad storing building 110.On heap, recycling machine 114 is positioned at one end of building 110.Recycling machine 114 feeds out conveyer 116 for the corn residue ground reclaiming storage in storage building 110 being moved to.Feed out conveyer 116 and the corn residue ground is sent to the conveyer 130 extending to burning and steam generation station 15 from recycle bin 25.As shown in figure 11, each recycling machine 114 comprises in the loop around the structure for conveying 118 (such as haulage chain or band) of recycling machine suspension rod 120 orientation, and recycling machine suspension rod 120 is around pivotal axis 122 pivotable.Each structure for conveying 118 rotates in the direction of rotation of the recycling machine suspension rod 120 around its correspondence.Recycling machine suspension rod 120 around pivotal axis 122 in the upwards angle position 126 of rising with to removable (see dash line) between upper/lower positions 128.

In use, recycling machine 114 is initially located at the lifting position 126 storing the corn residue ground stored in building 110 and pile.In order to unload from storing building 110 corn residue ground stored, recycling machine 114 is from the downward pivotable of lifting position, and structure for conveying 118 rotates in direction of rotation 124 simultaneously.Because recycling machine 114 moves down, therefore structure for conveying 118 is piled with corn residue and is engaged, and corn residue is dragged down to feeding out conveyer 116 from heap along the width W of building 110.When recycling machine 114 reach lower position 128 make originally to be stored in below all corn residue be loaded onto feed out conveyer 116 time, recycling machine 114 raises gets back to lifting position 126 and the corn residue that the building other end is stacked is shifted onto the region below recycling machine 114 along the length L of pretreatment building 210.In certain embodiments, the equipment of such as front-end loader is for promoting the corn residue below recycling conveyor 218.After this, recycling machine 114 again can be pivoted to from raised position 126 and dip 128 to unload the corn residue pushed below recycling machine 114.

The optional recycling conveyor that Figure 12 and Figure 13 shows for recycle bin 25 is arranged.Optional recycling conveyor is arranged and is comprised two upper recycling machines 140 of heap, and their cooperations are to extend across the width W reclaiming and store building 142.Recycling machine 140 is each includes continuous print structure for conveying 144, and it circulates around suspension rod 146, and suspension rod 146 is around axle 148 pivotable.Structure for conveying 144 rotates around their corresponding suspension rod 146 in direction 150,152.Recycling machine 140 around axle 148 in recycling machine 140 upwards angled rising directed 154 and recycling machine 140 level and pivotable between the reduction orientation 156 adjacent with the floor of building 142 usually.Feed-in conveyer layout 158 extends along the length L of building 142, and the top being adjacent to building 142 is installed.Feed-in conveyer arranges that 158 receive from the grasshopper 102 extended between preprocessing station 19 and recycle bin 25 corn residue ground.Feed out conveyer 160 to extend and near the pivotal axis 148 being positioned at recycling machine 140 along the length L of building 142.Feed out conveyer 160 and the corn residue ground is sent to the conveyer 130 extending to burning and steam generation station 15 from recycle bin 19.In certain embodiments, recycling machine 140 can be arranged on truck 162 or allow recycling conveyor to advance along the length L of building 142 other structures of (such as directed).

In the operation of reclaiming building 142, by overhead feed-in conveyer, building 142 arranges that 158 are filled with the corn residue ground.In order to unload the corn residue that recycling machine 140 is stacked below, recycling machine 140 from the directed 154 downward pivotables of rising, while structure for conveying 144 rotate on direction 150,152 around their respective suspension rods 146.When recycling machine 140 reduces, the corn residue that structure for conveying 144 is stacked below with recycling machine 140 contacts, and corn residue is pulled and the width being horizontally through building 142 pulls towards feeding out conveyer 160 downwards.When recycling machine 140 moves down gradually, what the material below recycling machine 140 was transported to building 142 side feeds out conveyer 160.Arrive once recycling machine 140 and reduce directed 156, recycling machine 140 rises to get back to and raises directed 154 and then directed or move to recycling machine 140 position directed on the corn residue ground by transmission drive arrangement along track 162, by feed-in conveyer, this corn residue ground arranges that 158 are pre-loaded building 142.Recycling machine 140 be then lowered with next group is ground corn residue move to and feed out conveyer 160.Should be realized that the sensing and unloading sequence that can repeat above, thus move recycling machine 140 step by step along the whole length L reclaiming building 142.By this way, the whole storage area of building 142 can be unloaded and do not need the corn residue of storage to be moved in building 142 by the ancillary equipment of such as front loading device.

Figure 14 shows the details of the burning of Fig. 3 and the steam turbin generator 17 of steam generation station 15 and Fig. 3.Burning and steam generate station 15 and comprise smelting furnace 300, and corn residue of burning in smelting furnace 300 is to produce the combustion heat for producing steam at boiler 302.From the steamturbine 303 of the steam drive steam turbin generator 17 of boiler 302.Turbine 303 provides power to generator 305, and generator produces can by the electric power sold.Substation 315 for progressively improving the voltage of the electric power that generator 305 generates before selling electric power.

The smelting furnace 300 that burning and steam generate station 15 can comprise firing machine, firing machine involving vibrations fire grate 304, it distributed and expect burned corn residue.Burning gases are directed into the smelting furnace 300 of the position 311 be positioned at below fire grate 304, make burning corn residue process in combustion gas flows upwards by fire grate 304.Fan 307 may be used for the burning gases drawing heating from the building 309 holding smelting furnace 300, to utilize the used heat produced by smelting furnace 300.Burning gases can also be preheated by heat exchanger 310, carry out the waste gas of self-thermo furnace 300 by heat exchanger 310.The vibrating-grate stoker 304 of firing machine can be slope, and vibrations are to carry out automated cleaning.The ashes that the burning of corn residue produces are discharged to ashes funnel 306 from the outlet side of firing machine fire grate 304.Ashes are expelled to disposal container 308 from funnel by conveyer.

Top combustion zone/volume 312 is provided at above firing machine fire grate 304, the fuel particle and combustible gas that suspend for burning.Air/gas can be injected in combustion zone, top 312 at nozzle 314.Air/gas can be the waste gas of surrounding air or the recirculation carrying out self-thermo furnace 300 or the form of the two combination.Fan 316,318 may be used for the waste gas of mobile environment air and/or recirculation.

Corn residue can be sent to fire grate 304 by fuel dispensing system 320, and fuel dispensing system 320 measures layout 322 from fuel and receives the corn residue ground.Fuel measures layout 322 and receives corn residue from conveyer 130, and this conveyer 130 extends to burning from recycle bin 25 and steam generates station 15.Fuel measures layout and is fed to fuel dispensing system 320 by downward-sloping for corn residue.Fuel dispensing system 320 can comprise pneumatic system, and it uses gas/air stream to transmit/blow the top of corn residue through fire grate 304.Gas/air for fuel dispensing system 320 is provided by the fuel distributor fan 324 surrounding air being passed to smelting furnace 300, or is provided by the EGR fan 326 waste gas from smelting furnace being recycled to smelting furnace 300.It should be understood that air/gas source can be used alone or combinationally uses.The maize straw fuel be fed in smelting furnace is preferably the mixture of maize straw fragment, and it has the maize straw fragment of the composition comprising the average piece length being less than 3 inches, and the weight that length is less than .25 inch is no more than 25%.In one embodiment, the maize straw fuel being fed to smelting furnace is the mixture of maize straw fragment, its have comprise that length is less than at least 75% weight of 3 inches with length on be less than the composition being no more than 25% weight of .25 inch.

As mentioned above, EGR gas note is got back to smelting furnace 300 and can contribute to control NO _xdischarge.System can also comprise NO _xremove station 354, for the treatment of waste gas from smelting furnace.NO _xremoving station can utilize anhydrous ammonia by NO _xbe reduced into nitrogen and water.

The boiler 302 that burning and steam generate station 15 receives hot waste gas from smelting furnace 300, and uses the heat generation steam from waste gas from smelting furnace.Boiler 302 comprises the multiple steam pipes 330 extending to steamdrum 334 from mud drum 332.Steam from steamdrum 334 is heated excessively at superheater 336.The calory burning carrying out self-thermo furnace 300 is used to the water in evaporated vapor pipe 330, makes steam be provided to steamdrum 334, and for crossing the steam in heated heater 336.As shown in figure 14, the hot waste gas exported from smelting furnace 300 flows into boiler 300.In the boiler, waste gas initial flow was passed through heater 336 and was then flowed through steam pipe 330.Steam turbin generator 17 is sent to from the steam crossing heating crossing heater 336.Particularly, the steam crossing heating is directed to the steamturbine 303 providing power to generator 305.By after steamturbine 303, steam by condenser (such as cooling tower) and then in close access route back through degasser and heat exchanger 338 to mud drum 332.Heat exchanger 338 uses the heat left in the waste gas from smelting furnace of boiler 302 to preheat feedwater before feedwater enters mud drum 332.Make-up water can be fed into closed-system by degasser.Make-up water preferably before entering closed-system route pass through cleaning system.

In certain embodiments, boiler can continue that generation 190000 pounds is per hour is crossing heater outlet with the temperature operation of 900 degree of Fahrenheit vapor (steam) temperatures crossing heater outlet with the pressure operation of 900 pounds/square inch (psig) to 220000 pounds of steam per hour simultaneously.In certain embodiments, boiler operates under crossing heater outlet to be in the pressure of 800-1000psig or 850-950psig or about 900psig.In addition, in certain embodiments, there is from the output steam crossing heater outlet the temperature of 800-1000 degrees Fahrenheit or 850-950 degrees Fahrenheit or about 900 degrees Fahrenheits.

Corn residue has alkali and the alkaline earth element (such as potassium, phosphorus, sodium, magnesium and calcium) of rather high concentration.Corn residue also has the amorphous silicon oxide of high concentration.This provide the possibility (such as, in boiler tube, other structures crossing heater and boiler) of the increase of the ashes deposition of high level in the boiler.The sedimentary deposit that the element of boiler is formed is by heat insulation for boiler element, and the heat conduction efficiency thus for boiler has a negative impact.The deposition of ashes depends on delivery temperature.In this, it is controlled for having determined by the corn residue ashes deposition obtained of burning, if operating furnace 300 makes smelting furnace 300 target smelting furnace delivery temperature (FEGT) preferably be less than 1800 degrees Fahrenheits, be more preferably less than 1700 degrees Fahrenheits.FEGT leaves smelting furnace 300 by smelting furnace outlet 340 and enters the temperature of the waste gas from smelting furnace of boiler 302.In certain embodiments, FEGT is in the scope of 1400-1800 degrees Fahrenheit.In a preferred embodiment, FEGT is in the scope of 1400-1700 degrees Fahrenheit.Soot blower also may be used for help and removes ash deposits.

When leaving boiler 302, waste gas from smelting furnace can by heat exchanger 310 to preheat the combustion air being fed into smelting furnace 300 below firing machine fire grate.Waste gas removes element 342 from heat exchanger 310 by ashes.In a preferred embodiment, ashes remove element and comprise cyclone particle separator, for removing ashes by centrifugal action from waste gas streams, and discharge ashes by ash outlet 343.Waste gas leaves particulate at waste gas outlet and removes element 342, and by heat exchanger 338, from the heat of waste gas at heat exchanger 338 for preheating the feedwater being routed to mud drum 332 by degasser from condenser.Acid treatment station 347 is provided, for carrying out neutralizing acid (such as hydrochloric acid) in the offgas by adding basic material (such as sodium acid carbonate) from the downstream of heat exchanger 338.Diversion fan 344 is positioned at the downstream at acid treatment station 347, is provided for waste gas streams by system, thus provides micro-vacuum in smelting furnace 300.

The downstream of fan 344 is recirculation air approximated positions 346, and here portion turns to from waste gas streams and recycles and gets back to smelting furnace 300.Shown in embodiment as described, the waste gas turned to can be directed to pneumatic fuel distribution system 320.By this way, the air of recirculation is injected into the smelting furnace 300 above firing machine fire grate, transmits a part for process as smelting furnace.The nozzle 314 that the waste gas turned to can also be provided by combustion zone, top 312 is injected into smelting furnace 300.Settling vessel 348 is in the downstream of recirculation air approximated position 346.Settling vessel 348 for precipitate flying dust and in acid treatment station 346 and material.Material after precipitation is collected in funnel.Conveyer may be used for removing ashes that element 342 collects at particulate and moving to ash collecting silo 350 in the deposited material that settling vessel is collected.Waste gas is directed into exit stack 356 from settling vessel 348.

Determine that ashes have suitable nutritive value, made it be suitable for use as fertilizer.The main composition of ashes comprises compound (the such as SIO based on silica ₂).Compound based on silica forms the ashes more than 30% usually.In addition, based on compound (the such as K of potassium ₂o) ashes of at least 30% can be formed, based on compound (the such as PTO of phosphorus ₅) can form at least 5% ashes and can form based on carbon compound at least 5% ashes.Other chemical substances existed in ashes comprise Al ₂o ₃, Fe ₂o ₃, TiO ₂, CaO, MgO and Na ₂o.In certain embodiments, the flying dust of collection is transported to pelletizer 352 (such as pelletizing mill), and wherein ashes are closely integrated into bead.Bead or can become bag to sell as fertilizer or soil additive by bulk outlets.

Also can with secondary fuel source ground corn residue of co-fire in smelting furnace 302.Such as Figure 14 shows optional secondary Combustion Source 360, measures layout 322 for secondary fuel being sent to fuel.Preferably, ground corn residue is still as main fuel source, and a small amount of secondary fuel and ground corn residue mix.In certain embodiments, secondary fuel has the BTU value higher than ground maize straw.The example with the secondary fuel of higher BTU value comprises the excessive or discarded seed (such as corn seed, soya bean seed etc.) from seeds company.In certain embodiments, discarded seed can be the seed after chemical treatment, the chemical treatment of use of insecticide, fungicide or other types.The fuel combination obtained by the mixture of maize straw and secondary fuel preferably has the average piece length being less than 3 inches, and the length being less than .25 inch is no more than 25% in weight.In certain embodiments, the fuel mixture of mixing has and comprises length and be less than the composition being no more than 25% weight that at least 75% weight of 3 inches and length is less than .25 inch.

Above specification provides the example how being carried out some aspect putting into practice.It will be appreciated that and can put into practice these aspects in other modes outside the specific mode illustrated and describe here, and without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. burn maize straw to produce the method for heat for generating steam, the method comprises:

At smelting furnace combustion maize straw to produce heat;

The heat generating steam in boiler utilizing smelting furnace combustion to produce;

Operating furnace makes smelting furnace have the outlet exhaust temperature within the scope of 1400 to 1800 degrees Fahrenheits;

Operating described smelting furnace and described boiler makes described boiler be provided in steam pressure in the scope of 800-1000psig crossing heater outlet; And

Operating described smelting furnace and described boiler makes described boiler be provided in vapor (steam) temperature in the scope of 800-1000 degrees Fahrenheit at described heater outlet of crossing.

2. method according to claim 1, wherein, described maize straw is the main fuel in described smelting furnace combustion in the course of normal operation of described smelting furnace.

3. method according to claim 1, wherein, described maize straw is the sole fuel in described smelting furnace combustion in the course of normal operation of described smelting furnace.

4. method according to claim 1, wherein, from the steam drive of described boiler to the steamturbine of power electric generators.

5. method according to claim 1, wherein, the steam of described boiler generation per hour 190000 pounds to 220000 pounds.

6. method according to claim 1, wherein, the maize straw burnt in a furnace has the mixture that average length is less than the maize straw fragment of 3 inches, and the maize straw chip length of no more than 25% is less than 0.25 inch.

7. method according to claim 1, wherein, waste gas exports from described smelting furnace, and the portion wherein exported from described smelting furnace is recycled and gets back in described smelting furnace.

8. method according to claim 1 wherein, is have the mixture that length that the length comprising at least 75% weight is less than 3 inches and no more than 25% weight is less than the maize straw fragment of the composition of 0.25 inch at the maize straw of smelting furnace combustion.

9. method according to claim 1, wherein, the mixture of maize straw and the discarded seed from seeds company described in described smelting furnace combustion, wherein said mixture has the length comprising at least 75% weight and is less than 3 inches of compositions being less than 0.25 inch with the length of no more than 25% weight.

10. method according to claim 9, wherein, described boiler provides the steam pressure of 900psig crossing heater outlet, and crosses described the temperature that heater outlet provides 900 degrees Fahrenheits.

11. methods according to claim 1, wherein, operate described smelting furnace and make the target temperature of the waste gas in the exit at smelting furnace be less than or equal to 1700 degrees Fahrenheits.

12. methods according to claim 1, wherein, the mixture of the maize straw ground described in burning in described smelting furnace and the discarded seed from seeds company.

13. methods according to claim 12, wherein, described discarded seed is selected from the group of corn seed and soya bean seed composition.

14. methods according to claim 1, wherein, described discarded seed comprises through chemically treated seed.

15. methods according to claim 1, wherein, the waste gas and the waste gas streams that carry out self-thermo furnace comprise flying dust, and wherein said flying dust comprises potassium, phosphorus and carbon, and wherein flying dust is collected and as fertilizer sales.

16. methods according to claim 15, wherein, described flying dust was made into bead before by sale.

17. methods according to claim 1, also comprise:

Pulverizer/swathmaker is used to gather in ground maize straw, at the first end of the main casing of described pulverizer/swathmaker, there is discharge chute, and wherein, by the quantity regulating the cutting-height of described pulverizer/swathmaker to control the ground corn residue of gathering in, described main casing has the length extended between first end and the second relative end, wherein conveyer extends along described length, described length is split into two halves and vertical about described length by the center line of wherein said pulverizer/swathmaker, wherein said discharge chute has the first and second relative upstanding walls, wherein the first wall than the second wall closer to described center line, and the structure that wherein the first wall or contiguous first wall provide can be adjusted to revise the unloading characteristics of described discharge chute, and

Windrow, packs and transports described maize straw to treating stations, and carrying out grinding process.

18. 1 kinds, for the system of the maize straw that burns, comprising:

Fuel distributing equipment, for receiving maize straw;

Smelting furnace, there is fuel inlet and smelting furnace outlet, described fuel inlet for receiving maize straw from described fuel distributing equipment and the maize straw that receives of burning, thus provides the EGT within the scope of 1400 degrees Fahrenheit to 1800 degrees Fahrenheits at described smelting furnace outlet;

Boiler, there is steam drum and the heater excessively with outlet, described boiler is connected to described smelting furnace outlet and for producing steam pressure within the scope of 800-1000psig at described heater outlet of crossing, and produces vapor (steam) temperature within the scope of 800-1000 degrees Fahrenheit at described heater outlet of crossing.

19. systems according to claim 18, wherein, described fuel distributing equipment comprises firing machine, firing machine involving vibrations fire grate is for the maize straw received that distributes, and wherein said smelting furnace comprises combustion zone, top, it is positioned at above described vibrating-grate stoker, for particle and the fuel gas of the described maize straw suspended that burns.

20. systems according to claim 19, wherein, described fuel distributing equipment comprises fan, for described maize straw being blown over described vibrating-grate stoker and EGR being returned described smelting furnace.

21. systems according to claim 18, wherein, described fuel distributing equipment is for receiving the mixture having average length and be less than the maize straw fragment of 3 inches, and the maize straw chip length of no more than 25% is less than 0.25 inch.

22. systems according to claim 18, wherein, described fuel distributing equipment is for receiving the maize straw fragment having length that the length comprising at least 75% weight is less than 3 inches and no more than 25% weight and be less than the composition of 0.25 inch.