CN104993627B - A kind of three-phase AC speed-regulating motor of rotor industrial frequency AC excitation - Google Patents
A kind of three-phase AC speed-regulating motor of rotor industrial frequency AC excitation Download PDFInfo
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- CN104993627B CN104993627B CN201510350112.4A CN201510350112A CN104993627B CN 104993627 B CN104993627 B CN 104993627B CN 201510350112 A CN201510350112 A CN 201510350112A CN 104993627 B CN104993627 B CN 104993627B
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Abstract
A kind of three-phase AC speed-regulating motor of rotor industrial frequency AC excitation, including stator, the wound rotor with commutator, three-phase electricity brush, rotatable brush carrier, stator and rotor three-phase pressure regulator.Stator connects stator three-phase regulator, wound rotor with commutator, using the method for winding of DC rotor winding, three-phase electricity brush is equiangularly spaced, is uniformly mounted on rotatable brush carrier, three-phase electricity brush is connected by cable with rotor three-phase pressure regulator, three-phase regulator connects power frequency three-phase alternating-current powered circuit, and rotor three-phase pressure regulator provides power frequency three-phase alternating current by three-phase rotor brush and commutator to rotor windings.The motor rotor rotating speed of the present invention changes sensitivity to stator voltage, and rotor speed excursion is big, when reducing stator supply voltage, rotor speed declines, three-phase alternating current power frequency excitation is carried out to rotor, rotor torque is increased, realizes the big torque speed governing in big speed adjustable range.It is simple in construction, it is low without power electric component cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to motor technology field, more particularly to a kind of three-phase AC speed-regulating of rotor industrial frequency AC excitation
Motor.
Background technology
In past more than 200 years historical processes, the elder generation of electromagnetism have invented direct current, three-phase alternating current, invention
Dc motor and ac motor, synchronous motor, asynchronous motor, servomotor etc..But the speed governing of motor
Very important effect is played in world today's industrial production and daily life.The speed regulating method of dc motor：Change
Excitation resistance；Change armature voltage；Change armature resistance.The most frequently used in these methods is to change armature voltage speed governing, because
It is it in the case where not influenceing motor torque capacity, motor can be made to obtain broad speed adjustable range.Direct current generator
Speed adjusting performance is very good, but compared with current widely used alternating current generator, direct current generator needs a set of powerful direct current
Source, alternating current generator then need not；The brush-system of direct current generator belongs to mechanical friction, it is necessary to often safeguard（Change brush, cleaning it is whole
Stream）, alternating current generator is then without these；The spark of carbon brush can cause electromagnetic interference to the electronic system largely used；Same power
Direct current generator volume ratio alternating current generator it is big；Present AC converter is very ripe, can meet that most speed governing will
Ask.
Current ac motor includes threephase asynchronous and synchronous motor has relied on three-phase electrical alternations shape
Principle into rotating excitation field is operated.Wherein threephase asynchronous absorbs current excitation and acting by rotor slippage.Three
The rotor of phase asynchronous motor has two kinds of forms：Squirrel-cage and Wound-rotor type.The rotor windings and stator of wire wound asynchronous motor
Winding is similar.It with insulated conductor it is embedding with rotor slot in, the winding number of phases is equal with stator winding with number of pole-pairs, wherein three go out
Line end is connected on three slip rings of one end of rotating shaft, then by the static brush of three slip ring sliding contacts, with external circuit phase
Even.
The speed regulating method of induction conductivity：Pole-changing control：It is the switch by outside usually based on two speed
Switching changes the connection in series-parallel relational implementation of machine winding.This multiple-speed motor is mostly cage-type rotor motor, its structure
It is similar to basic system asynchronous motor；Change supply voltage speed governing：It is asynchronous machine to change stator supply voltage speed governing
A kind of speed regulating method, after stator supply voltage reduces, the increase of rotor slippage, realizing reduces rotating speed purpose, but mechanical properties；Change rotor resistance speed governing：Wire wound asynchronous motor can be accessed in rotor windings loop by slip ring and brush and added
Resistance, to improve startup and speed adjusting performance；Rotor cascade control：Additional potential, which is introduced, in wound rotor loop carries out speed governing
Method, referred to as wire wound asynchronous motor cascade control, the superiority of rotor string potential is can to reclaim slip power, bag
Include two kinds of situations of low synchronous cascade control and supersynchronous cascade control.The total power factor of Cascade Speed Regulation Systems is low, production
Raw higher hamonic wave has pollution to power network；Frequency control：Frequency control is the synchronous rotational speed using asynchronous motor with frequency
The characteristic of change, the mode of speed regulation that the power supply frequency by changing motor is realized, frequency control belong to the tune for changing power parameter
Speed, synchronous motor is not only suitable for, is also applied for asynchronous motor；Chopped Mode Feedback speed governing：On the stator of asynchronous machine, it addition of
The interior feedback winding mutually to be insulated with primary winding（Also known as adjust winding）, for receiving the electric slip power of rotor removal, interior feedback winding
In the presence of rotating excitation field, generation frequency is f1, the induced potential E3 of constant amplitude, and converter plant is operated in interior feedback winding
Generating state, the electric slip power received further through electromagnetic induction, opposite direction is transferred to stator primary winding, makes the defeated of stator
Enter power reduction, balanced each other with mechanical output, realize stepless speed regulation；Brushless dual-feed motor：Brushless dual-feed motor is by improving
An only stator, a cage rotor, a set of common magnetic circuit later, there is the winding of two sets of different numbers of pole-pairs in stator, one group
Claim power winding, connect three phase network, another group claims controling winding, connects converter plant.In the situation that two kinds of winding numbers of pole-pairs determine
Under, the stepless speed regulation of motor can be achieved in the output frequency by changing controling winding frequency converter；Rotor operated type three-phase is simultaneously
Encourage alternating-current commutator motor：This motor is equipped with double winding in the rotor with commutator, and one is by slip ring and electricity
The three-phase alternating current winding drawn is brushed, it is fed by three-phase alternating current power network, as primary side;Another is drawn by the brush on commutator
The commutator winding gone out, it is connected into closed-loop path respectively by brush and stator winding, forms the secondary of motor, of brush
Angle of release is adjustable, and three pairs of brushes can also circumferentially be moved to required optional position simultaneously, turn because this motor uses
Sub- feed-type, whole electric energy of whole motor enter by brush and slip ring from rotor side entirely, therefore voltage can not be too high, typically
Within 500V.
Existing various speed regulating methods, respectively there is advantage and disadvantage：
1st, pole-changing control only has 2-3 kind fixed rotating speeds, it is impossible to stepless speed regulation；
2nd, change supply voltage speed governing, belong to slip regulating speed, mechanical properties；
3rd, change rotor resistance speed governing, be used for improving startability, mechanical properties；
4th, rotor cascade control, using IGCT or frequency converter, there is harmonic pollution；
5th, frequency control, there is harmonic pollution, power is bigger, and cost is higher；
6th, Chopped Mode Feedback speed governing, there is harmonic pollution；
7th, brushless dual-feed motor, there is harmonic pollution；
8th, rotor operated type three-phase shunt excitation alternating-current commutator motor, voltage are limited, and capacity is limited.
The content of the invention
It is electronic that the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of three-phase AC speed-regulating of rotor industrial frequency AC excitation
Machine, the speed-regulating control device are three-phase regulator, and simple in construction, cost is low, and without power electric component, it is humorous not produce high order
Ripple, there is the governor control characteristics of dc motor low speed high torque, the wide feature of adjustment of rotational speed scope.
The technical scheme of use is：
A kind of three-phase AC speed-regulating motor of rotor industrial frequency AC excitation, including motor casing, stator, with commutator
Wound rotor, three-phase electricity brush, electric rotating brush holder, brush carrier driver, stator three-phase regulator and rotor three-phase pressure regulator.Institute
The wound rotor with commutator stated is connected by rotor commutator and three-phase electricity brush with rotor three-phase pressure regulator, is coiling
Rotor provides power frequency three-phase alternating current, and industrial frequency AC excitation is carried out to wound rotor, generation and stator field on wound rotor
Rotating speed identical rotating excitation field.Three-phase electricity brush is equiangularly spaced, and is uniformly distributed on electric rotating brush holder, is changed with rotor
To device reliable contacts, rotatable brush carrier and rotor coaxial, by the control of brush carrier drive device, can turn around armature spindle
It is dynamic.
The above-mentioned wound rotor with commutator, using the method for winding of DC rotor winding, winding is connected on commutator
On, the connection method of DC rotor winding and phase changer, which includes lap winding, wave winding and frog winding, can be used.Winding wire
Circle span slot number and rotor core slot number relation be：Coil spread slot number（L）=rotor core slot number（M）/ three-phase electricity brush number
（D）, wherein three-phase electricity brush number（D）=rotor magnetic pole number（N）*3/2.Rotor core slot number should be kept（M）For three-phase electricity brush number
（D）Integral multiple, if coil spread slot number（L）Non-integer is obtained, then is rounded downwards.
Above-mentioned electric rotating brush holder, with rotor coaxial, by the effect of brush carrier driver, it can be rotated around armature spindle,
The angle between three-phase electricity brush and stator winding is adjusted, and then adjusts the phase between rotor-exciting magnetic field and stator field and presss from both sides
Angle.Driving of the brush carrier driver to electric rotating brush holder, a variety of mechanical solutions can be used to realize.The three-phase electricity brush
Equiangularly it is spaced, is uniformly distributed on electric rotating brush holder, is contacted with rotor commutator.When brush quantity is for 3 and electric
When 120 ° are spaced between brush, 2 grades of rotating excitation fields are formed on rotor.When brush quantity is spaced 60 ° of distributions, same between 6 and brush
During phase brush parallel connection, 4 grades of rotating excitation fields are formed in rotor.Each brush and front and rear two adjacent brush difference phases.
The above-mentioned wound rotor with commutator uses three-phase main-frequency AC excitation, and excitation field is with commutator
Being rotated on wound rotor, excitation field rotating speed is unrelated with rotor speed, only relevant with wound rotor number of pole-pairs and supply frequency, around
Line rotor-exciting rotational speed of magnetic field computational methods are identical with stator field rotating speed computational methods, by the phase for adjusting three-phase electricity brush
Sequence, make rotor-exciting magnetic field rotation direction identical with stator field direction of rotation.Adjust between three-phase electricity brush and stator winding
Phase angle, can be completely superposed the phase of rotor-exciting magnetic field and stator field, the pole of rotor magnetic pole and magnetic pole of the stator
Property is attracted each other, and this position is referred to as locking phase.
The method have the characteristics that：
1st, solve the problems, such as that AC motor rotor can not use industrial frequency AC electrical excitation,
2nd, speed-regulating control device is three-phase regulator, and simple in construction, cost is low, without power electric component, is not produced
Higher hamonic wave；
3rd, there is the governor control characteristics of dc motor low speed high torque；Adjustment of rotational speed scope is wide, operation is smooth, overload starts
It is big with braking moment, and Fraquent start, braking can be suitable for, load can maintain rotating speed constant when drastically changing；
4th, there is the characteristic of synchronous motor, the power factor of stator can be adjusted by rotor-exciting；
5th, there is the characteristic of wound rotor string resistance speed governing；
6th, there is the characteristic of wound rotor cascade control, rotor speed can exceed synchronous rotational speed；
7th, speed adjustable range is broad, and in speed adjustable range, power output can be adjusted on any rotating speed.Both can be with invariable power
Speed governing, can also speed regulation by constant torque；Both can be run with low speed high torque, can also the small torque operation of low speed.
8th, it is adapted to the frequent fluctuation of load, when the fluctuation of load, rotating speed changes automatically, when load increase suddenly, enters automatically
Enter low speed high torque output, when load reduction, improve rotating speed automatically.
9th, stator and rotor can input active power, improve the power density of motor.
As long as the 10th, when this motor as generator in use, rotor-end input three-phase alternating current be power frequency, stator is defeated
The three-phase alternating current gone out is exactly power frequency, unrelated with rotor speed, is very suitable for the TRT of rotary speed unstabilization.Turned by adjustment
Sub- excitation can just adjust output voltage, by adjusting brush phase, can adjust the phase of output voltage.
11st, motor rotor rotating speed of the present invention changes sensitive to stator voltage, and rotor speed excursion is big.Drop
During low stator supply voltage, rotor speed declines, while carries out three-phase alternating current power frequency excitation to rotor, will make on rotor torque
Rise, realize the big torque speed governing in big speed adjustable range.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is stator and rotor of the present invention and its power frequency power supply pressure and speed regulating system schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is rotor of the present invention and its power supply voltage-regulating system schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is that stator field of the present invention is identical with the steering of rotor-exciting magnetic field, phrase overlap schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is that rotor-exciting magnetic field of the present invention is identical with stator field steering, and rotor-exciting magnetic phase falls behind schematic diagram.
Embodiment
A kind of three-phase AC speed-regulating motor of rotor industrial frequency AC excitation, motor of this example using stator as two poles are
Example, stator connecting stator three-phase regulator.Including motor casing, cooling system, electric machine controller, stator 1, with commutator around
Line rotor 2, three-phase electricity brush 3, rotatable brush carrier 5, brush carrier driver 6, stator three-phase regulator 7, rotor three-phase pressure regulation
Device 8.Described stator 1 connects stator three-phase regulator 7.The three-phase electricity brush 3 is equiangularly spaced with 120 °, is uniformly distributed installation
On electric rotating brush holder 5, contacted with rotor commutator 4, electric rotating brush holder 5 and rotor coaxial, with fluted disc, brush carrier driving dress
Putting the little gear on 6 servo-drivers can drive electric rotating brush holder 5 to be rotated around armature spindle, adjustment three-phase electricity brush and stator around
Angle between group, and then adjust the phase angle between rotor-exciting magnetic field and stator field.By adjusting three-phase electricity brush
Phase angle between stator winding, make the phase coincidence of rotor-exciting magnetic field and stator field, into locking phase.Three-phase
Brush 3 is connected by cable with rotor three-phase pressure regulator 8, and rotor three-phase pressure regulator 8 connects power frequency three-phase alternating-current powered circuit,
Rotor three-phase pressure regulator 8 provides power frequency three-phase alternating current by three-phase electricity brush 3 and rotor commutator 4 to wound rotor 2.Pass through
The phase sequence that adjustment three-phase electricity brush is connected with three-phase regulator, makes rotor-exciting magnetic field rotation direction and stator field direction of rotation
It is identical.Wound rotor with commutator, using the method for winding of DC rotor winding, the connection side of rotor windings and commutation piece
Method uses lap winding.Rotor core slot number（M）=15, three-phase brush number（D）=3, coil spread（L）=rotor core slot number（M）/
Three-phase electricity brush number（D）=5.
When supply frequency is 50Hz, the rotary speed of stator field 9 is 3000 revs/min.Three brushes are in access
Three-phase alternating current produces the rotor-exciting magnetic field 10 that rotary speed is 3000 revs/min on rotor, rotor-exciting magnetic field 10
Rotating speed is constant rotational speed, identical with the rotating speed of stator field 9, unrelated with rotor speed.
When rotor-exciting magnetic field 10 and stator field 9 are in locking phase, all nothings caused by rotor-exciting
Work(power, with the increase of rotor excited voltage, stator reactive power reduces, and power factor improves.With rotor excited voltage
Further raising, stator power factor reaches 1, then can be transferred to capacitive state, feeds back reactive power to power network.
When rotor-exciting magnetic field 10, which falls, suitably lags behind 9 certain angle of stator field in a rotational direction, with
The increase of rotor excited voltage, the power output increase of motor.When loading constant, rotor speed rises；During underloading, it can obtain
Obtain supersynchronous rotating speed.
When rotor-exciting magnetic field 10 falls to be ahead of 9 certain angle of stator field in a rotational direction, with rotor
The increase of excitation voltage, motor speed reduce, until stalling.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of three-phase AC speed-regulating motor of rotor industrial frequency AC excitation, including motor casing, cooling system, motor control
Device, stator（1）, wound rotor with commutator（2）, three-phase electricity brush（3）, electric rotating brush holder（5）, brush carrier drive device
（6）, the described wound rotor with commutator（2）Pass through rotor commutator（4）With three-phase electricity brush（3）Adjusted with rotor three-phase
Depressor（8）Connection, is wound rotor（2）Power frequency three-phase alternating current is provided, to wound rotor（2）Progress industrial frequency AC excitation, three
Mutually electric brush（3）Equiangularly it is spaced, is uniformly distributed installed in electric rotating brush holder（5）On, with rotor commutator（4）Contact, rotation
Turn brush carrier（5）With wound rotor（2）Coaxially, it is characterised in that：
The described wound rotor with commutator（2）, it is prepared into using the method for winding of DC rotor winding, winding, which is connected on, to be turned
Sub- commutator（4）On, rotor windings and rotor commutator（4）The canoe of connection method including lap winding, wave winding
The canoe of canoe or frog winding, the relation of winding coil span slot number and rotor core slot number are：Coil spread groove
Number（L）=rotor core slot number（M）/ three-phase electricity brush number（D）, wherein three-phase electricity brush number（D）=rotor magnetic pole number（N）×3/2；
Rotor core slot number should be kept（M）For three-phase electricity brush number（D）Integral multiple, if coil spread slot number（L）Obtain non-integer,
Then round downwards.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510350112.4A CN104993627B (en) | 2015-06-24 | 2015-06-24 | A kind of three-phase AC speed-regulating motor of rotor industrial frequency AC excitation |
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| CN201510350112.4A CN104993627B (en) | 2015-06-24 | 2015-06-24 | A kind of three-phase AC speed-regulating motor of rotor industrial frequency AC excitation |
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| CN104993627B true CN104993627B (en) | 2018-03-20 |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107705979A (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2018-02-16 | 江苏法兰德电机科技有限公司 | Excitation winding structure |
| CN109936269B (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2024-06-21 | 沈阳理工大学 | Three-phase alternating-current wound rotor non-contact commutation power supply motor |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2047862U (en) * | 1989-03-28 | 1989-11-15 | 乔思茂 | Infinitely variable speed device for asynchronous motor |
| JPH06296350A (en) * | 1993-04-06 | 1994-10-21 | Fanuc Ltd | Switching method for winding in three-phase induction motor |
| CN101051748A (en) * | 2007-04-30 | 2007-10-10 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Rotary electromagnetic type uniform tidal current controller |
| EP2015441A1 (en) * | 2007-06-14 | 2009-01-14 | Siemens Energy, Inc. | Regenerative static excitation system for superconducting rotor |
| CN101534078A (en) * | 2009-04-15 | 2009-09-16 | 邯郸钢铁股份有限公司 | Rotating excitation method and device for synchronization of large wound rotor asynchronous motor |
| CN102545508A (en) * | 2010-12-08 | 2012-07-04 | 余虹锦 | Permanent magnetic brush synchronous alternating-current generator adopting hybrid excitation manner |
| CN204190362U (en) * | 2014-09-18 | 2015-03-04 | 重庆市科诚电机制造有限公司 | Mini-type bi-pole petrol and diesel oil threephase generator |
| CN204886482U (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2015-12-16 | 杨猛 | Exciting three -phase AC adjustable speed motor of rotor industry frequency alternate current |
-
2015
- 2015-06-24 CN CN201510350112.4A patent/CN104993627B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2047862U (en) * | 1989-03-28 | 1989-11-15 | 乔思茂 | Infinitely variable speed device for asynchronous motor |
| JPH06296350A (en) * | 1993-04-06 | 1994-10-21 | Fanuc Ltd | Switching method for winding in three-phase induction motor |
| CN101051748A (en) * | 2007-04-30 | 2007-10-10 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Rotary electromagnetic type uniform tidal current controller |
| EP2015441A1 (en) * | 2007-06-14 | 2009-01-14 | Siemens Energy, Inc. | Regenerative static excitation system for superconducting rotor |
| CN101534078A (en) * | 2009-04-15 | 2009-09-16 | 邯郸钢铁股份有限公司 | Rotating excitation method and device for synchronization of large wound rotor asynchronous motor |
| CN102545508A (en) * | 2010-12-08 | 2012-07-04 | 余虹锦 | Permanent magnetic brush synchronous alternating-current generator adopting hybrid excitation manner |
| CN204190362U (en) * | 2014-09-18 | 2015-03-04 | 重庆市科诚电机制造有限公司 | Mini-type bi-pole petrol and diesel oil threephase generator |
| CN204886482U (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2015-12-16 | 杨猛 | Exciting three -phase AC adjustable speed motor of rotor industry frequency alternate current |
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