CN104993220B - Rotating field formula omnidirectional antenna, low altitude short range radar system and signal processing method - Google Patents
Rotating field formula omnidirectional antenna, low altitude short range radar system and signal processing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104993220B CN104993220B CN201510323112.5A CN201510323112A CN104993220B CN 104993220 B CN104993220 B CN 104993220B CN 201510323112 A CN201510323112 A CN 201510323112A CN 104993220 B CN104993220 B CN 104993220B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to radio detection technical field, a kind of rotating field formula omnidirectional antenna, low altitude short range radar system and signal processing method are disclosed.The rotating field formula omnidirectional antenna includes intersecting the two pairs of symmetrical dipoles placed；Wherein, the feed amplitude of each dipole is identical, and the angle between adjacent dipole is 90 °, and the spacing of each pair of symmetrical dipole is radar operation wavelength；The antenna radiation pattern of each dipole is cosine form, and the directional diagram after the combination of each pair of symmetrical dipole is the figure of eight, and the directional diagram when omnidirectional antenna stable state is circle.The present invention realizes the portability of radar system, while omnidirectional's detection rapidly and efficiently may be implemented, and substantially increases the mobility and reliability of low altitude short range radar system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to radio detection technical field more particularly to a kind of rotating field formula omnidirectional antennas, low altitude short range thunder
Up to system and corresponding signal processing method.
Background technique
When the 1970s, the planar array system antenna of mechanical scanning be widely used in three-dimensional radar and
In airborne radar.From the middle and later periods sixties, the phased array antenna of electron scanning system starts to be applied to certain military radar fields,
The system antenna be it is most widely used in all system antennas, but it is also most expensive and complicated.It (is recorded in《Radar
System introduction》, Electronic Industry Press, the 3rd edition, on July 1st, 2006)
In the prior art, no matter mechanical scanning system antenna or phased array system antenna, be to have certain orientation
Narrow beam directional aerial.Since this antenna side lobe is low, angle measurement accuracy is high, multi-sources distinguishing can be realized.Existing spy
Ranging works in L-band or S-band, using mechanical scanning from for the low altitude short range radar overwhelming majority within the scope of 20km~30km
Or the antenna of phased array system, vehicle-mounted motor-driven or fixed position are set up.
The major defect of the above-mentioned prior art is：Traditional low altitude short range radar largely uses front directional aerial and machine
It sweeps or the processing technology requirement for mutually sweeping system antenna in conjunction with system, complex structural designs, especially phased array is swept-mutually swept to machine
Very high, which increase system design complexity, weight and costs；And omnidirectional's Detection Techniques of multi-panel battle array, circle battle array system are used,
There is still a need for digital beam scanning in orientation, wave beam is more, port number is more, therefore system is designed and handled more complicated.Due to depositing
In above-mentioned disadvantage, existing low altitude short range radar can not achieve portable.
Summary of the invention
The shortcomings that for traditional system radar system, in order to realize the portability of radar system, the present invention provides one kind
Rotating field formula omnidirectional antenna, low altitude short range radar system and corresponding signal processing method.
In the first aspect of the present invention, rotating field formula omnidirectional antenna includes intersecting the two pairs of symmetrical dipoles placed；Wherein,
The feed amplitude of each dipole is identical, and the angle between adjacent dipole is 90 °, and the spacing of each pair of symmetrical dipole is radar work
Make wavelength；The antenna radiation pattern of each dipole is cosine form, and the directional diagram after each pair of symmetrical dipole combination is the figure of eight,
Directional diagram when the omnidirectional antenna stable state is circle.
Preferably, the omnidirectional antenna take vertical plane group battle array mode to arrange and/or take pitching mutually the mode of sweeping works.
Preferably, the omnidirectional antenna is configured with multilayer in straight tubbiness shell.
Preferably, the omnidirectional antenna is arranged on ground or carrier by tripod.
In another aspect of this invention, it goes back while a kind of low altitude short range radar system being provided, the system comprises institutes as above
The rotating field formula omnidirectional antenna and radio frequency processing machine and display and control terminal stated；Wherein, the rotating field formula omnidirectional antenna couples institute
State radio frequency processing machine, under the control of the radio frequency processing machine to full airspace radiated radio frequency (RF) signal and receive full airspace echo letter
Number；The radio frequency processing machine generates radiofrequency signal and echo signal processing obtains the point mark information in full airspace based on the received；Institute
It states display and control terminal and is also coupled to the radio frequency processing machine, the system control command that mark information is shown to user and receives user is sent out
Give radio frequency processing machine.
Preferably, the radio frequency processing machine includes sending and receiving module, prime amplifier, receiver, signal source and signal
Processor.
Preferably, the radiofrequency signal in the system works in L-band.
In another aspect of the invention, a kind of signal processing method is additionally provided, the method is to system as described above
Tetra- tunnel intermediate-freuqncy signal of Zhong is handled, including step：
Analog-to-digital conversion and digital down-converted are carried out to four tunnel intermediate-freuqncy signal respectively, obtain four roadbed band signals；
It is synthesized by channel, the four roadbeds band signal is synthesized to the double-channel data in the channel L and the channel R；
The data in the channel L and the channel R are carried out at pulse compression, correlative accumulation and CFAR detection respectively
Reason carries out a mark to the point mark obtained after CFAR detection processing using template matching method and matches；
For the point mark matched, pass through the azimuth than mutually finding out target.
Preferably, the method also includes steps：
Four tunnel intermediate-freuqncy signal is obtained by receiver mixing, filtering processing to the echo-signal of each dipole.
Preferably, the intermediate-freuqncy signal is 60MHz intermediate-freuqncy signal.
The omnidirectional antenna that technical solution of the present invention proposes is small in size, light-weight, realizes the portability of radar system, together
When may be implemented rapidly and efficiently omnidirectional detection, substantially increase the mobility and reliability of low altitude short range radar system.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the present of invention low-to-medium altitude short-range radar system；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of rotating field formula omnidirectional antenna in another embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the directional diagram signal in another embodiment of the invention in omnidirectional antenna；
Fig. 4 is the horizontal directivity pattern out-of-roundness test effect figure of omnidirectional antenna in the present invention；
Fig. 5 is vertical (pitching) the Pattern measurement effect picture of omnidirectional antenna in the present invention；
Fig. 6 is two channel horizontal phase Pattern measurement effect pictures of omnidirectional antenna in the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the flow diagram of signal processing method in yet another embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the angle measurement test effect figure of signal processing method of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description.Obviously, described embodiment is to implement better embodiment of the invention, and the description is to illustrate the present invention
Rule for the purpose of, the range that is not intended to limit the invention.Protection scope of the present invention should be with claim institute circle
Subject to the person of determining, based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are without making creative work
Every other embodiment obtained, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.Wherein, hereafter related part abbreviation is corresponding
For：AD：Analog to digital signal adapter；DDC：Digital Down Convert；PC：Pulse compression；MTD：Correlative accumulation；CFAR：It is permanent empty
Alert detection；LPF：Low-pass filtering.
1, low altitude short range can portable radar system
The embodiment of the present invention 1 provides a kind of low altitude short range radar system of New System, can be realized portability.Such as
Shown in the structure chart of Fig. 1, which includes rotating field formula omnidirectional antenna 1, radio frequency processing machine 2 and display and control terminal
3；Wherein, rotating field formula omnidirectional antenna 1 couples radio frequency processing machine 2, to full airspace radiated radio frequency (RF) under the control of radio frequency processing machine 2
Signal and the echo-signal for receiving full airspace；Radio frequency processing machine 2 includes that (Transmit/Receive sends and receives mould to T/R
Block), put (prime amplifier, also known as preamplifier), receiver, signal source and signal processor in advance, generate L-band radiofrequency signal
And echo signal processing obtains the point mark information in full airspace based on the received；Display and control terminal 3 is also coupled to radio frequency processing machine 2, by point
Mark information is shown to user and the system control command of reception user issues radio frequency processing machine 2.Pass through this integrated structure
Design, improves the portability of system.In Fig. 1, rotating field formula omnidirectional antenna 1 is arranged in ground or carrier by tripod 11
On.
Low altitude short range of the invention can portable radar system can operate at L-band, use rotating field formula omnidirectional antenna,
It does not need mechnical servo or omnidirectional's detection in orientation can be realized in phased array beam control, reduce corresponding processing hardware, section
Cost has been saved, antenna weights has been alleviated, reduces installation space, improves system reliability.Therefore, technical solution of the present invention
It can be realized the fast erecting of the system, remove receipts, there is very strong mobility；The system can be realized to target echo it is long when
Between accumulate, this greatly improves the spectral resolution of target echo signal, to improve signal-to-clutter ratio improvement factor.
T/R mentioned here, put in advance, multichannel receiver and signal source are all made of the designing technique of current maturation, therefore
Illustrate rotating field formula omnidirectional antenna and corresponding signal processing mechanism emphatically below.Radar system of the invention uses rotating field formula
Omnidirectional antenna, eliminate tradition scanning system antenna servo rotary device, can reduce system bulk, reduce system cost and
Improve system reliability.
2, rotating field formula omnidirectional antenna
Since the antenna system of radar largely determines the system of radar system, to improve in background of invention portion
The shortcomings that point traditional system radar system, the embodiment of the present invention 2 it is further proposed that a kind of rotating field formula omnidirectional antenna,
When it is applied to can be realized higher reliability and portability when above-mentioned low altitude short range can be in portable radar system.
In the embodiment of the present invention 2, rotating field formula omnidirectional antenna includes intersecting two pairs of symmetrical dipoles (the first idol placed
Extremely sub 201, second dipole 202, third dipole 203 and the 4th dipole 204, wherein the first dipole 201 and third are even
Extremely son 203 is a pair of of symmetrical dipole, and the second dipole 202 and the 4th dipole 204 are a pair of of symmetrical dipole).Such as Fig. 2 institute
Show, each feed of dipole 201~204 amplitude is identical, and the angle between adjacent dipole is 90 °, between each pair of symmetrical dipole
Away from for radar operation wavelength, (in view of the portability of antenna and the realizability of feeder line, value range is：0.25~0.4m).Into
For one step as shown in figure 3, the antenna radiation pattern of each dipole is cos form, the antenna after each pair of symmetrical dipole combination is in office
The directional diagram when waited is the figure of eight, and stable state directional diagram is then a circle.
Further, the present invention can also improving antenna gain by way of vertical plane group battle array, increase radar effect away from
From；In addition it can mutually sweep by pitching, certain low altitude airspace covering is realized.
Therefore rotating field formula omnidirectional antenna diameter value range proposed by the present invention is that 0.3m~0.45m (considers that antenna covers
Skin thickness), antenna height can be comprehensively considered according to factors such as the portability of system, weight demands and antenna gains, configuration
At different height (such as：Four layers, six layers and eight layers etc.), and spacing between layers can be the half of radar operation wavelength
(value range is：0.125m~0.2m) the system antenna appearance can be straight tubbiness, easily it is portable；This antenna it is small in size, again
Amount is light, can place it on tripod.
The design concept of rotating field formula omnidirectional antenna proposed according to the present invention can design a kind of new-type omnidirectional antennas
Line, Fig. 4~6 are the test result of antenna performance.By the horizontal directivity pattern out-of-roundness test result in Fig. 4 it is found that horizontal direction
Figure out-of-roundness is less than 0.5dB；By the height pattern test result in Fig. 5 it is found that vertical beam width is 14 °, wave beam is upwarped
10°；Two channel horizontal phase directional diagram of antenna as shown in Figure 6 is it is found that the linear variation of the phase in two channels.
3, signal processing method
The previous rotating field system antenna being applied in civilian broadcast communication, only theaomni-directional transmission or omnidirectional receive；And
By the system antenna applications in radar detection field, realizes transmitting and receive it is necessary to realize omnidirectional's angle measurement.It should but existing
System antenna does not have azimuth discrimination ability, and traditional angle measurement mode is not applied for the system antenna, can only be in signal processing rank
Section is by the way that, using than phase method resolve angles, this makes antenna reaction speed slack-off after a series of transformation.
Rotating field formula omnidirectional antenna provided by the invention, can also be real by quick signal processing in addition to having portability
Omnidirectional's detection in existing orientation, obtains the point mark information in full airspace.Wherein, for rotating field formula omnidirectional antenna without azimuth discrimination, vibration
The characteristics of phase difference fixation and single oscillator directional diagram are cos shape between son, invention further provides a kind of new signals
The processing method of processor, this method can rapidly process signal.
In the embodiment of the present invention 3, in order to realize the echo signal processing of multiple dipoles, full airspace is therefrom obtained
Point mark information, also while providing a kind of signal processing method.Wherein, the echo-signal warp of n dipole (n=1,2,3,4)
Corresponding signal is the road n (n=1,2,3,4) 60MHz intermediate-freuqncy signal after crossing the processing such as receiver mixing, filtering, and Fig. 7 is the present invention
The flow chart of the signal processing method of proposition, the method comprising the steps of：
1) AD, DDC processing are carried out to four road signals respectively, obtains four roadbed band signals；
2) it is synthesized by channel, by the double-channel data in the four roadbed band signals synthesis channel L and the channel R；
3) processing such as PC, MTD and CFAR is carried out to the data in the channel L and the channel R respectively, using template matching method to L
The point mark obtained after the data CFAR in channel and the channel R carries out a mark matching；
4) for the point mark matched, by the azimuth that can find out target than phase.
Fig. 8 is in the ideal case, using above-mentioned processing method angle measurement effect picture.As it can be observed in the picture that when target incident angle with
10 ° it is incremental when, the angle calculated also with 10 ° be incremented by, i.e., signal processing method of the invention can be realized omnidirectional's angle measurement.This hair
Bright proposed signal processing algorithm principle is simple, and calculation amount is little, is able to achieve with current existing hardware platform.
The omnidirectional antenna that technical solution of the present invention proposes is small in size, light-weight, realizes the portability of radar system, together
When may be implemented rapidly and efficiently omnidirectional detection, substantially increase the mobility and reliability of low altitude short range radar system.
Although combining preferred embodiment above, invention has been described, it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art,
Method and system of the present invention is not limited to embodiment described in specific embodiment, wants without departing substantially from by appended right
Ask book limit spirit and scope of the invention in the case where, can to the present invention various modification can be adapted, increase and replacement.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of rotating field formula omnidirectional antenna, which is characterized in that the omnidirectional antenna includes intersecting the two pairs of symmetrical dipoles placed
Son；Wherein,
The feed amplitude of each dipole is identical, and the angle between adjacent dipole is 90 °, and the spacing of each pair of symmetrical dipole is thunder
Up to operation wavelength, the radar operation wavelength value range is 0.25~0.4m；
The antenna radiation pattern of each dipole is cosine form, and the directional diagram after each pair of symmetrical dipole combination is the figure of eight, described
Directional diagram when omnidirectional antenna stable state is circle；
The omnidirectional antenna is multilayered structure, and adjacent interlamellar spacing is equal and is the half of the radar operation wavelength.
2. omnidirectional antenna according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the omnidirectional antenna takes vertical plane group battle array mode cloth
Setting and/or take pitching, mutually the mode of sweeping works.
3. omnidirectional antenna according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the omnidirectional antenna is configured in straight tubbiness shell
Multilayer.
4. omnidirectional antenna according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the omnidirectional antenna is arranged in ground by tripod
Or on carrier.
5. a kind of low altitude short range radar system, which is characterized in that the system comprises such as of any of claims 1-4
Rotating field formula omnidirectional antenna and radio frequency processing machine and display and control terminal；Wherein,
The rotating field formula omnidirectional antenna couples the radio frequency processing machine, to full airspace spoke under the control of the radio frequency processing machine
It penetrates radiofrequency signal and receives the echo-signal in full airspace；
The radio frequency processing machine generates radiofrequency signal and echo signal processing obtains the point mark information in full airspace based on the received；
The display and control terminal is also coupled to the radio frequency processing machine, and the system that mark information is shown to user and receives user is controlled
Radio frequency processing machine is issued in order；
The radio frequency processing machine includes sending and receiving module, prime amplifier, receiver, signal source and signal processor；
The radiofrequency signal in the system works in L-band.
6. a kind of signal processing method, which is characterized in that the method is to tetra- road intermediate frequency of system Zhong as claimed in claim 5
Signal is handled, including step：
Analog-to-digital conversion and digital down-converted are carried out to four tunnel intermediate-freuqncy signal respectively, obtain four roadbed band signals；
It is synthesized by channel, the four roadbeds band signal is synthesized to the double-channel data in the channel L and the channel R；
Pulse compression, correlative accumulation and CFAR detection are carried out to the data in the channel L and the channel R respectively to handle, and are adopted
A mark is carried out to the point mark obtained after CFAR detection processing with template matching method to match；
For the point mark matched, pass through the azimuth than mutually finding out target；
Four tunnel intermediate-freuqncy signal is obtained by receiver mixing, filtering processing to the echo-signal of each dipole
The intermediate-freuqncy signal is 60MHz intermediate-freuqncy signal；
The omnidirectional antenna is multilayered structure, and adjacent interlamellar spacing is equal and is the half of the radar operation wavelength.
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| CN107247256A (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2017-10-13 | 南京全信光电***有限公司 | A kind of rf integration detector and method |
| CN110208754B (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2024-03-26 | 四川九洲防控科技有限责任公司 | Rotary field type omni-directional antenna, omni-directional detection radar system and signal processing method |
| CN111682303B (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2022-03-22 | 四川九洲电器集团有限责任公司 | Common-aperture full-airspace coverage antenna |
| CN111509370B (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2024-06-07 | 中科智远信息科技有限公司 | Video wireless microwave transmission method and transmission device |
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| CN1614907A (en) * | 2003-11-07 | 2005-05-11 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Adaptive antenna apparatus |
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| WO2005070022A2 (en) * | 2004-01-22 | 2005-08-04 | Hans Gregory Schantz | Broadband electric-magnetic antenna apparatus and system |
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| CN1614907A (en) * | 2003-11-07 | 2005-05-11 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | Adaptive antenna apparatus |
| CN102288941A (en) * | 2011-05-19 | 2011-12-21 | 北京航空航天大学 | Intermediate frequency linear frequency modulation-pulse Doppler (LFM-PD) radar signal real-time processing system based on field programmable gate array (FPGA) and digital signal processor (DSP) and processing method |
| CN104200112A (en) * | 2014-09-10 | 2014-12-10 | 四川九洲电器集团有限责任公司 | Omnidirectional radar angle-measurement method and system based on rotating-field antenna |
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