CN103779672A - Multiband antenna - Google Patents
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- CN103779672A CN103779672A CN201410039577.3A CN201410039577A CN103779672A CN 103779672 A CN103779672 A CN 103779672A CN 201410039577 A CN201410039577 A CN 201410039577A CN 103779672 A CN103779672 A CN 103779672A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multiband antenna, and relates to satellite positioning and navigation antennas. The multiband antenna comprises multiple microstrip antennas with different frequency bands and further comprises an insulating cylinder (5), all the microstrip antennas are overlaid in sequence, and metal patches (9,11,14) of all the microstrip antennas are wrapped by the insulating cylinder (5) in the horizontal direction. The multiband antenna has the advantages of being wide in beam width, high in low elevation gain, good in circular polarization performance and symmetrical in directional diagram.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of satellite positioning navigation antenna, be specifically related to multiband aerial.
Background technology
GPS is global positioning system, utilizes position location satellite to provide navigation Service for the whole world.The groundwork frequency of gps satellite signal is L1:1575.42MHZ, L2:1228MHz, and wherein L1 is open civil signal, and signal is Circular Polarisation, and signal strength signal intensity is-166dBm left and right, belongs to weak signal.
Beidou satellite navigation system is the Chinese independent research of implementing, the GPS (Global Position System) of independent operating.A Big Dipper generation has been used the method for " active location ", and up L frequency range: 1610～1626.5MHz, for transmitting, adopts left-hand circular polarization; Descending S frequency range 2483.5～2500MHz, for receiving, adopts right-handed circular polarization.The Big Dipper two generations system is used " passive location " the same with GPS, be operated in L section and S section, wherein L section comprises three frequency range B1:1559.052-1591.98MHz, B2:1166.22-1217.37MHz, B3:1250.618-1286.423MHz, and S band frequency is 2483.5-2500MHz.
No matter be gps system or triones navigation system, its down link electromagnetic polarization mode is right-handed circular polarization.
Along with the gradual perfection of China's autonomous satellite navigation system, only rely on before many product of the application such as GPS navigates, location, time service, measurement will change into gradually with the Big Dipper two on behalf of master, take into account other simultaneously and defend guiding systems.The hardware change that this transformation relates generally to comprises receiver and terminal reception antenna.With regard to antenna, for different system applies, one side need to become multisystem by original single system, single-frequency point work, multifrequency point is worked, and needs on the other hand to take on a different character according to the difference of system applies, as circular polarization, broad beam, miniaturization etc.
Along with microstrip antenna is in the extensive use in the military and civilian fields such as satellite navigation, location and communication, its coverage has also been proposed to more and more higher requirement, as in the application of radar and electronic warfare, conventionally require antenna to scan on a large scale, to improve the search capability to space internal object, this just means that individual antenna unit must have larger beamwidth; For Quick Catch is to faint satellite-signal, generally also require antenna to there is very wide lobe width, and can keep certain low elevation gain.Particularly, in the satellite navigation system of China, because Aerospace Satellite number is less, it is particularly important that the characteristic of broad beam just seems.Meanwhile, the GPS subscriber computer antenna of the Double Satellite Positioning System of China and the U.S., the aircraft of TT&C system carry antenna, all require to have approximate hemispheric directional diagram, i.e. covering power at poincare half plane.In addition, circularly polarised wave can receive and launch the radiated wave of arbitrary polarisation direction, is applied to navigation system, receives and be transmitted into the satellite-signal from all directions, does not produce and receives dead angle.Therefore, guarantee that navigation antenna all has good circular polarization performance on each azimuth, the beamwidth of broadening antenna, is significant.
Antenna can adopt by the material of high-k and manufactures in order to reduce volume, and current most of miniaturization Beidou antenna adopts ceramic material, but the intrinsic fragility of ceramic material requires high use occasion at impact endurance test shock, and the reliability of antenna is reduced.The present invention is not using ceramic material, guarantees, in the situation of Antenna reliability, to make antenna size less, compact conformation.
Because single microstrip antenna cannot cover compared with multiband, in order to realize, multiple-frequency operation is normal adopts many antenna sets legal, is combined by multiple antenna sets.Generally adopt at present stacking modes of emplacement, but the navigation antenna combining is difficult to the more navigation frequency range of less antenna cover, and guarantee that each frequency all has good performance simultaneously, comprise low axial ratio, directional diagram symmetry, wider beamwidth, higher low elevation gain and wider circularly polarised wave beam width.And the present invention has met above characteristic completely.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to avoid the deficiencies in the prior art part and to provide one to have beamwidth wide, the multiband aerial of the advantage such as low elevation gain is high, and circular polarization performance is good, directional diagram is symmetrical.
Technical scheme:
A kind of multiband aerial, comprises the microstrip antenna of multiple different frequency ranges, and it also comprises an insulating cylinder, and each microstrip antenna is stacked successively; The metal patch of each microstrip antenna is surrounded by described insulating cylinder in the horizontal direction.
More excellent, it also comprises the first metal patch, and described the first metal patch is arranged in the upper surface of insulating cylinder or is embedded in insulating cylinder inner or be arranged in the side of insulating cylinder.
More excellent, the cross section of the described insulating cylinder with the first metal patch is Rotational Symmetry figure.
More excellent, described the first metal patch is evenly arranged in the upper surface of insulating cylinder or is embedded in insulating cylinder inner or be arranged in the side of insulating cylinder.
As a kind of execution mode, it comprises and the microstrip antenna of three different frequency ranges is respectively lower floor's microstrip antenna, middle level microstrip antenna and upper strata microstrip antenna; Lower floor's microstrip antenna is arranged in the bottommost of multiband aerial; Middle level microstrip antenna is arranged between insulating cylinder and lower floor's microstrip antenna; On the unsettled barrel that is arranged in insulating cylinder of upper strata microstrip antenna, wherein:
Lower floor's microstrip antenna comprises the second metal patch, the first antenna dielectric-slab, the second antenna medium plate, the 3rd metal patch and feed part from top to bottom successively, and the second metal patch is positioned over the top of the first antenna dielectric-slab; The first antenna dielectric-slab is positioned over the top of the second antenna medium plate, on described the first antenna dielectric-slab, has a square groove, for placing the feed part of middle level microstrip antenna; The 3rd metal patch is placed in the below of the second antenna medium plate as the metal floor of lower floor's microstrip antenna; Described feed part utilizes 3dB electric bridge to carry out double-fed source feed, current feed department divides and comprises the first probe, the second probe and a 3dB electric bridge, wherein a 3dB electric bridge comprises microstrip line, dielectric-slab and metal floor, and the back side of the metal floor of a 3dB electric bridge and described the 3rd metal patch welds together; On the dielectric-slab of the second antenna medium plate, the 3rd metal patch, a 3dB electric bridge and metal floor, offer the first probe aperture, the second probe aperture, described the first probe and the second probe are placed wherein, and the microstrip line of the second metal patch and a 3dB electric bridge is linked together and realizes double-fed;
Middle level microstrip antenna comprises the 4th metal patch, third antenna dielectric-slab, the second metal patch and feed part from top to bottom successively, the second metal patch is placed in the lower surface of third antenna dielectric-slab as the metal floor of middle level microstrip antenna, the 4th metal patch is placed in the upper surface of third antenna dielectric-slab; Described feed part utilizes 3dB electric bridge to carry out double-fed source feed, current feed department divides and comprises the 3rd probe, four point probe and the 2nd 3dB electric bridge, wherein the 2nd 3dB electric bridge comprises microstrip line, dielectric-slab and metal floor, and the back side of the metal floor of the 2nd 3dB electric bridge and described the second metal patch welds together; In the dielectric-slab of third antenna dielectric-slab, the second metal patch, the 2nd 3dB electric bridge and metal floor, offer the 3rd probe aperture and four point probe hole, the 3rd probe and four point probe are placed wherein, and the microstrip line of the 4th metal patch and the 2nd 3dB electric bridge is linked together and realizes double-fed; Meanwhile, in the dielectric-slab of the 2nd 3dB electric bridge and metal floor, also have the first probe aperture, the second probe aperture, place wherein for the first probe and the second probe;
Upper strata microstrip antenna comprises the 5th metal patch, the 4th antenna medium plate, the 6th metal patch and feed part from top to bottom successively, the 6th metal patch is placed in the lower surface of the 4th antenna medium plate as the metal floor of upper strata microstrip antenna, the 5th metal patch is placed in the upper surface of the 4th antenna medium plate; Described feed part adopts coaxial single feed feeding classification, comprises soft coaxial inner core and soft coaxial.On lower floor's microstrip antenna and middle level microstrip antenna, offer coaxial aperture, the described soft coaxial coaxial aperture that passes is connected with the 6th metal patch; On the 4th antenna medium plate, offer through hole, soft coaxial inner core is connected with the 5th metal patch through through hole.
More excellent, the cross section of described the second antenna medium plate is circular, the cross section of third and fourth antenna medium plate, second and third, six metal patches be square, the diameter of the second antenna medium plate is much larger than the length of side of the 3rd metal patch; The length of side of third antenna dielectric-slab is greater than the length of side of the second metal patch; The length of side of the 4th antenna medium plate is greater than the length of side of the 6th metal patch.
More excellent, the cross section side of the being annular of described the first metal patch and insulating cylinder, first and third, the cross section of four antenna medium plates, second and third, the basic configuration of four, six metal patches and the 5th metal patch is square, the cross section of the second antenna medium plate is circular, the width of the first metal patch is that 0～0.5 λ, the outer length of side are 0～10 λ, the thickness of insulating cylinder is 0～5 λ, is highly 0～1 λ, and the outer length of side is 0～15 λ; The inward flange of the first metal patch is in the horizontal direction apart from insulating cylinder inward flange 0～1 λ; The outward flange of insulating cylinder is each microstrip antenna metal patch outward flange-1 λ～6 λ of distance in the horizontal direction; Each metal patch is in vertical direction apart from insulating cylinder upper surface 0～3 λ; The diameter of the second antenna medium plate is greater than the 3rd metal patch length of side
doubly 0～5 λ, the length of side of third antenna dielectric-slab is greater than the length of side 0～5 λ of the second metal patch, and the length of side of the 4th antenna medium plate is greater than the length of side 0～5 λ of the 6th metal patch.
More excellent, described the 5th metal patch cuts two jiaos on its diagonal.
More excellent, described lower floor microstrip antenna works in the Big Dipper two generations B3 frequency range, and middle level microstrip antenna has covered L1 frequency range, the B1 frequency range in two generations of the Big Dipper of GPS, the L frequency range of a Big Dipper generation, and upper strata microstrip antenna works in the S frequency range of a Big Dipper generation.
More excellent, the bandwidth of described lower floor microstrip antenna is 44MHz, and the bandwidth of middle level microstrip antenna is 167MHz, and the bandwidth of upper strata microstrip antenna is 91MHz.
The microstrip antenna quantity of different frequency range of the present invention can also be more than two or four, and the microstrip antenna arrangement of its arrangement and described three different frequency ranges is similar.
Beneficial effect:
1, the present invention is made up of preferred three microstrip antennas and an insulating cylinder with metal patch.Wherein, lower floor and middle level microstrip antenna have the beamwidth of non-constant width and higher low elevation gain.Wherein, beamwidth more than the microstrip antenna 0dB of lower floor reaches 150 °, and 3dB beamwidth is 116 °, 10 °, the directional diagram elevation angle reach-0.62dB of the gain of locating; Beamwidth more than middle level microstrip antenna 0dB reaches 150 °, and 3dB beamwidth is 112 °, 10 °, the directional diagram elevation angle reach-0.81dB of the gain of locating.Meanwhile, the method for broadening beamwidth and raising low elevation gain is simple.
2, the present invention is made up of preferred three microstrip antennas and an insulating cylinder with metal patch.Wherein, the bandwidth of lower floor's microstrip antenna is 44MHz, compared with single common double-fed microstrip antenna, broadened bandwidth 22MHz; The bandwidth of middle level microstrip antenna reaches 167MHz, by the broadened bandwidth of single common double-fed microstrip antenna 147MHz, make this layer of microstrip antenna cover L1 frequency range, the B1 frequency range in two generations of the Big Dipper and the L frequency range of a Big Dipper generation of GPS.Meanwhile, utilize single antenna to guarantee the transmitting-receiving isolation between L frequency range and L1, B1 frequency range.
3, the present invention is made up of preferred three microstrip antennas and an insulating cylinder with metal patch.Wherein, lower floor and middle level microstrip antenna all utilize 3dB electric bridge to carry out double-fed source feed, have obtained good Circular polarization ratio and very wide circularly polarised wave beam width.Axial ratio when 0 ° at the elevation angle of lower floor's microstrip antenna is 6.34dB, and axial ratio when 90 °, the elevation angle is 0.38dB, and the circularly polarised wave beam width that axial ratio is less than 6dB reaches 176.4 °; Axial ratio when 0 ° at the elevation angle of middle level microstrip antenna is 6.53dB, and axial ratio when 90 °, the elevation angle is 0.68dB, and the circularly polarised wave beam width that axial ratio is less than 6dB reaches 158 °.
4, the present invention is made up of preferred three microstrip antennas and an insulating cylinder with metal patch.Wherein, the almost full symmetric of directional diagram of lower floor and middle level microstrip antenna, is beneficial to navigation system.
5, the present invention is in having broad beam circular polarization and symmetry direction figure, work in multiple frequency ranges of the Big Dipper and GPS, comprise L1 frequency range, L, S frequency range and the B1 in two generations of the Big Dipper of a Big Dipper generation, the B3 frequency range of GPS, and guaranteed the transmitting-receiving isolation between L frequency range, S frequency range, B3 frequency range, B1 and L1 frequency range.
6, multiple microstrip antennas adopt stacking modes of emplacement, and each microstrip antenna is operated on its resonance frequency independently, have avoided influencing each other of each radiation.Meanwhile, stacking modes of emplacement has reduced the size of this antenna, compact conformation on a large scale.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skills, is not paying under the prerequisite of creative work, can also obtain according to these accompanying drawings other accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is generalized section of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is overlooking of lower floor's microstrip antenna and profile
Fig. 4 is the vertical view of lower floor's microstrip antenna feed part
Fig. 5 is overlooking of middle level microstrip antenna and profile
Fig. 6 is the vertical view of middle level microstrip antenna feed part
Fig. 7 is overlooking of upper strata microstrip antenna and profile
Description of symbols in figure:
1, lower floor's microstrip antenna; 2, middle level microstrip antenna; 3, upper strata microstrip antenna; 4, the first metal patch; 5, insulating cylinder; 6, the 3rd metal patch; 7, the second antenna medium plate; 8, the first antenna dielectric-slab; 9, the second metal patch; 10, third antenna dielectric-slab; 11, the 4th metal patch; 12, the 6th metal patch; 13, the 4th antenna medium plate; 14, the 5th metal patch; 15, a 3dB electric bridge; 16, a 3dB electric bridge microstrip line; 17, the 2nd 3dB electric bridge; 18, the 2nd 3dB electric bridge microstrip line; 19, soft coaxial; 20, the first probe; 20-1, the first probe aperture; 21, the second probe; 21-1, the second probe aperture; 22, the 3rd probe; 22-1, the 3rd probe aperture; 23, four point probe; 23-1, four point probe hole; 24, soft coaxial inner core; 24-1, through hole.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail:
The present invention is mainly made up of three microstrip antennas and insulating cylinder 5.Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention, and referring to Fig. 1, lower floor's microstrip antenna 1, middle level microstrip antenna 2 and upper strata microstrip antenna 3 are folded and established successively from the bottom to top, and meanwhile, insulating cylinder 5 surrounds microstrip antenna part.Three microstrip antennas work in respectively three different frequency bands.
In more excellent execution mode, the present invention is also with the first metal patch 4, the first metal patch 4 is evenly arranged in the upper surface of insulating cylinder 5, each microstrip antenna (1,2,3) is stacked successively, and the metal patch (9,11,14) of each microstrip antenna (1,2,3) is surrounded by described insulating cylinder 5 in the horizontal direction.Be square with the cross section of the insulating cylinder 5 of the first metal patch 4.
Fig. 2 is generalized section of the present invention, referring to Fig. 2.Lower floor's microstrip antenna 1 is made up of the 3rd metal patch 6, the second antenna medium plate 7, the first antenna dielectric-slab 8, the second metal patch 9 and feed part.Middle level microstrip antenna 2 is made up of the second metal patch 9, third antenna dielectric-slab 10, the 4th metal patch 11 and feed part, the floor that the second metal patch 9 serves as middle level microstrip antenna 2.Upper strata microstrip antenna 3 is made up of the 6th metal patch 12, the 4th antenna medium plate 13, the 5th metal patch 14 and feed part.The feed part of lower floor's microstrip antenna 1 is positioned at the back side of the 3rd metal patch 6, the feed part of middle level microstrip antenna 2 is positioned at the back side of the second metal patch 9, upper strata microstrip antenna 3 utilizes soft coaxial 19, carries out coaxial feed through the through hole 19-1 offering on two antennas below.In the 3rd metal patch 6, the second antenna medium plate 7, the second metal patch 9, third antenna dielectric-slab 10, the 6th metal patch 12, the 4th antenna medium plate 13, offer respectively probe aperture and through hole (20-1,21-1; 22-1,23-1; 24-1), for placing probe and coaxial line inner core (20,21; 22,23; 24), realize being connected of three microstrip antenna feed parts and its paster, complete feed.
In the present embodiment, the cross section side of the being annular of the first metal patch 4 and insulating cylinder 5, first and third, the cross section of four antenna medium plates (8,10,13), second and third, the basic configuration of four, six metal patches (9,6,11,12) and the 5th metal patch 14 is square, the cross section of the second antenna medium plate 7 be circle.
The low elevation gain of lower floor's microstrip antenna 1 is high, beamwidth is wide is because insulating cylinder 5 closer distance above lower floor's microstrip antenna 1 is surrounded the second metal patch 9 of lower floor's microstrip antenna 1.Be 0.0211 λ, the outer length of side 0.317 λ for the width of lower floor's microstrip antenna 1, the first metal patch 4, the thickness of insulating cylinder 5 is 0.0465 λ, is highly that 0.173 λ, the outer length of side are 0.338 λ.The inward flange of the first metal patch 4 is apart from insulating cylinder 5 inward flange 0.0148 λ.The inward flange of insulating cylinder 5 is outward flange 0.0158 λ of distance the second metal patch 9 in the horizontal direction.The second metal patch 9 is in the vertical direction apart from insulating cylinder 5 upper surface 0.182 λ.In addition, the diameter of the second antenna medium plate 7 has also played the effect that improves this layer of antenna low elevation gain, broadening beamwidth much larger than the 3rd metal patch 6.In the present embodiment, the diameter of the second antenna medium plate 7 is greater than the length of side 0.381 λ of the 3rd metal patch 6.
The low elevation gain of middle level microstrip antenna 2 is high, beamwidth is wide is because insulating cylinder 5 surrounds the 4th metal patch 11 of middle level microstrip antenna 2.For middle level microstrip antenna 2, the inward flange of insulating cylinder 5 is outward flange 0.0549 λ of distance the 4th metal patch 11 in the horizontal direction.The 4th metal patch 11 is in the vertical direction apart from insulating cylinder 5 upper surface 0.214 λ.In addition, the length of side that the length of side of third antenna dielectric-slab 10 is greater than the second metal patch 9 has also played the effect that improves this layer of antenna low elevation gain, broadening beamwidth.In the present embodiment, the length of side of third antenna dielectric-slab 10 is greater than the length of side 0.154 λ of the second metal patch 9.
For upper strata microstrip antenna 3, the inward flange of insulating cylinder 5 is outward flange 0.165 λ of distance the 5th metal patch 14 in the horizontal direction.The 5th metal patch 14 is apart from insulating cylinder 5 upper surface 0.1 λ.The length of side that the length of side of the 4th antenna medium plate 13 is greater than the 6th metal patch 12 has played the effect that improves this layer of antenna low elevation gain, broadening beamwidth.In the present embodiment, the length of side of the 4th antenna medium plate 13 is greater than the length of side 0.417 λ of the 6th metal patch 12.
Change low elevation gain and beamwidth that above size can change three layers of microstrip antenna.Specifically, the width of the first metal patch 4 is that 0～0.5 λ, the outer length of side are 0～10 λ, and the thickness of insulating cylinder 5 is 0～5 λ, is highly 0～1 λ, and the outer length of side is 0～15 λ; The inward flange of the first metal patch 4 is in the horizontal direction apart from insulating cylinder 5 inward flange 0～1 λ; The outward flange of insulating cylinder 5 is distance each microstrip antenna metal patch (9,11,14) λ～6, outward flange-1 λ in the horizontal direction; Each metal patch (4,6,9,11,12,14) is in vertical direction apart from insulating cylinder 5 upper surface 0～3 λ; The diameter of the second antenna medium plate 7 is greater than the 3rd metal patch 6 length of sides
doubly 0～5 λ, the length of side of third antenna dielectric-slab 10 is greater than the length of side 0～5 λ of the second metal patch 9, the length of side of the 4th antenna medium plate 13 is greater than the length of side 0～5 λ of the 6th metal patch 12, all can reach with the present embodiment in low elevation gain and the beamwidth of much the same microstrip antenna, be described in further detail the single microstrip antenna in the present embodiment below.
Fig. 3 is overlooking of lower floor's microstrip antenna 1 and profile.Referring to Fig. 3, lower floor's microstrip antenna 1 comprises the second metal patch 9, the first antenna dielectric-slab 8, the second antenna medium plate 7, the 3rd metal patch 6 and feed part from top to bottom successively, and the second metal patch 9 is positioned over the top of the first antenna dielectric-slab 8; The first antenna dielectric-slab 8 is positioned over the top of the second antenna medium plate 7, has a square groove on the first antenna dielectric-slab 8, for placing the feed part of middle level microstrip antenna 2; The 3rd metal patch 6 is placed in the below of the second antenna medium plate 7 as the metal floor of lower floor's microstrip antenna, the diameter of the second antenna medium plate 7 is much larger than the length of side of the 3rd metal patch 6, and dielectric-slab 7 to exceed the cross section of insulating cylinder 5 protruding; In conjunction with Fig. 4, described feed part utilizes 3dB electric bridge to carry out double-fed source feed, and current feed department divides and comprises that the first probe 20, the second probe 21 and a floor for 3dB electric bridge 15, the one 3dB electric bridges 15 and the back side of described the 3rd metal patch 6 weld together; In the dielectric-slab of the dielectric-slab of the second antenna medium plate 7, the 3rd metal patch 6,3dB electric bridge 17 and floor, 3dB electric bridge 15 and floor, open the first probe aperture 20-1 and the second probe aperture 21-1, the first probe 20 and the second probe 21 are placed wherein, and the microstrip line 16 of the second metal patch 9 and 3dB electric bridge 15 is linked together and realizes double-fed.In the present embodiment, lower floor's microstrip antenna 1 works in the Big Dipper two generations B3 frequency range.
Fig. 5 is overlooking of middle level microstrip antenna 2 and profile.Middle level microstrip antenna 2 comprises the 4th metal patch 11, third antenna dielectric-slab 10, the second metal patch 9 and feed part from top to bottom successively, the second metal patch 9 is placed in the lower surface of third antenna dielectric-slab 10 as the metal floor of middle level microstrip antenna 2, the 4th metal patch 11 is placed in the upper surface of third antenna dielectric-slab 10, and the length of side of third antenna dielectric-slab 10 is greater than the length of side of the second metal patch 9; In conjunction with Fig. 6, described feed part utilizes 3dB electric bridge to carry out double-fed source feed, and current feed department divides and comprises that the 3rd probe 22, four point probe 23 and the 2nd floor of 3dB electric bridge 17, the two 3dB electric bridges 17 and the back side of described the second metal patch 9 weld together; In the dielectric-slab of third antenna dielectric-slab 10, the second metal patch 9 and 3dB electric bridge 17 and floor, open the 3rd probe aperture 22-1 and four point probe hole 23-1, the 3rd probe 22 and four point probe 23 are placed wherein, the microstrip line 18 of the 4th metal patch 11 and 3dB electric bridge 17 is linked together, realize double-fed.In the present embodiment, middle level microstrip antenna 2 has the frequency band of non-constant width, has covered L1 frequency range, the B1 frequency range in two generations of the Big Dipper of GPS, and the L frequency range of a Big Dipper generation.Meanwhile, 3dB electric bridge has not only been realized the double-fed circularly polarized of this individual antenna, has also guaranteed the transmitting-receiving isolation of antenna L frequency range and B1, L1 frequency range.
As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 6.Lower floor's microstrip antenna 1 and middle level microstrip antenna 2 all utilize 3dB electric bridge to carry out double-fed source feed, and object is to obtain good Circular polarization ratio.In the present embodiment, axial ratio when 0 ° at the elevation angle of lower floor's microstrip antenna 1 is 6.34dB, and the axial ratio 90 ° time is 0.38dB, and the circularly polarised wave beam width that axial ratio is less than 6dB reaches 176.4 °; Axial ratio when 0 ° at the elevation angle of middle level microstrip antenna 2 is 6.53dB, and the axial ratio 90 ° time is 0.68dB, and the circularly polarised wave beam width that axial ratio is less than 6dB reaches 158 °.
Fig. 7 is overlooking of upper strata microstrip antenna 3 and profile.Upper strata microstrip antenna 3 comprises the 5th metal patch 14, the 4th antenna medium plate 13, the 6th metal patch 12 and feed part from top to bottom successively, the 6th metal patch 12 is placed in the lower surface of the 4th antenna medium plate 13 as the metal floor of upper strata microstrip antenna, the 5th metal patch 14 is placed in the upper surface of the 4th antenna medium plate 13, and the length of side of the 4th antenna medium plate 13 is greater than the length of side of the 6th metal patch 12; Described feed part adopts coaxial single feed feeding classification, comprises soft coaxial inner core 24 and soft coaxial 19, on lower floor's microstrip antenna and middle level microstrip antenna, offers coaxial aperture 19-1, and described soft coaxial 19 are connected with the 6th metal patch 12 through coaxial aperture 19-1; On the 4th antenna medium plate 13, offer through hole 24-1, soft coaxial inner core 24 is connected with the 5th metal patch 14 through through hole 24-1.In the present embodiment, upper strata microstrip antenna 3 works in the S frequency range of a Big Dipper generation.
Three microstrip antennas adopt stacking modes of emplacement, and each microstrip antenna is independently operated on its resonance frequency, have avoided influencing each other of three's radiation.In the present embodiment, middle level microstrip antenna 2 is stacked on lower floor's microstrip antenna 1, and the 4th antenna medium plate 13 of upper strata microstrip antenna 3 is embedded in insulating cylinder 5, with middle level microstrip antenna 2 segment distance of being separated by.
Insulating cylinder 5 with the first metal patch 4 surrounds three microstrip antenna parts, simultaneously the beamwidth of three antennas of broadening.Change in the horizontal and vertical directions respectively the relative position of each microstrip antenna and insulating cylinder 5, adjust in the horizontal and vertical directions the relative position of insulating cylinder 5 and the first metal patch 4, change respectively the size and dimension of insulating cylinder 5 and the first metal patch 4, change the material of insulating cylinder 5, can improve the beamwidth of each microstrip antenna, make three there is wider beamwidth simultaneously.In the present embodiment, it is 6.15 high frequency substrate material (Rogers, TP-2 etc.) that insulating cylinder 5 adopts dielectric constant.The first metal patch 4 is positioned at the upper surface of insulating cylinder 5, preferably both the equal side's of being annulars; Insulating cylinder 5 is placed on third antenna dielectric-slab 10.Lower floor and beamwidth more than middle level microstrip antenna 0dB reach 150 °.The 3dB beamwidth of lower floor's microstrip antenna is 116 °, 10 °, the directional diagram elevation angle reach-0.62dB of the gain of locating; The 3dB beamwidth of middle level microstrip antenna is 112 °, 10 °, the directional diagram elevation angle reach-0.81dB of the gain of locating.
In the present embodiment, square groove and insulating cylinder 5 in each antenna medium plate (7,8,10,13), each metal patch (4,6,9,11,12,14), the first antenna dielectric-slab 8 are Rotational Symmetry figure, and its Rotational Symmetry center is on a vertical line.Two 3dB electric bridges are also placed on the middle part on floor, are beneficial to antenna and have good circular polarization performance and symmetrical directional diagram almost.
In the present embodiment, remove the first metal patch 4, retain insulating cylinder 5 and each microstrip antenna (1,2,3), the present invention can reach close beneficial effect.Simultaneously, each metal patch (6,9,11,12,14) and each antenna medium plate (7,8,10,13) are selected this area common shape, all can reach beneficial effect of the present invention, in literary composition, related shape description is in order execution mode to be provided preferably and to describe, should not being considered as limitation of the present invention.
The embodiment of the present invention has provided the multiband aerial that comprises three different frequency range microstrip antennas; in conjunction with the embodiment in specification; those skilled in the art can draw the multiband aerial that comprises the above different frequency range microstrip antenna of two or four under the prerequisite of not paying creative work; this is no longer going to repeat them, within all should falling into the protection range of this patent.
The part that the present invention does not relate to all prior art that maybe can adopt same as the prior art is realized.
Claims (10)
1. a multiband aerial, comprises and the microstrip antenna of multiple different frequency ranges it is characterized in that it also comprises an insulating cylinder (5), each microstrip antenna is stacked successively; The metal patch (9,11,14) of each microstrip antenna is surrounded by described insulating cylinder (5) in the horizontal direction.
2. a kind of multiband aerial according to claim 1, it is characterized in that it also comprises the first metal patch (4), described the first metal patch (4) is arranged in the upper surface of insulating cylinder (5) or is embedded in insulating cylinder (5) inner or be arranged in the side of insulating cylinder (5).
3. a kind of multiband aerial according to claim 2, is characterized in that the cross section of the described insulating cylinder (5) with the first metal patch (4) is Rotational Symmetry figure.
4. a kind of multiband aerial according to claim 2, is characterized in that described the first metal patch (4) is evenly arranged in the upper surface of insulating cylinder (5) or is embedded in insulating cylinder (5) inner or be arranged in the side of insulating cylinder (5).
5. according to any multiband aerial described in claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that it comprises the microstrip antenna of three different frequency ranges to be respectively lower floor's microstrip antenna (1), middle level microstrip antenna (2) and upper strata microstrip antenna (3); Lower floor's microstrip antenna (1) is arranged in the bottommost of multiband aerial; Middle level microstrip antenna (2) is arranged between insulating cylinder (5) and lower floor's microstrip antenna (1); On the unsettled barrel that is arranged in insulating cylinder (5) of upper strata microstrip antenna (3), wherein:
Lower floor's microstrip antenna (1) comprises the second metal patch (9), the first antenna dielectric-slab (8), the second antenna medium plate (7), the 3rd metal patch (6) and feed part from top to bottom successively, and the second metal patch (9) is positioned over the top of the first antenna dielectric-slab (8); The first antenna dielectric-slab (8) is positioned over the top of the second antenna medium plate (7), has a square groove, for placing the feed part of middle level microstrip antenna (2) on described the first antenna dielectric-slab (8); The 3rd metal patch (6) is placed in the below of the second antenna medium plate (7) as the metal floor of lower floor's microstrip antenna; Described feed part utilizes 3dB electric bridge to carry out double-fed source feed, current feed department divides and comprises the first probe (20), the second probe (21) and a 3dB electric bridge (15), wherein a 3dB electric bridge (15) comprises microstrip line, dielectric-slab and metal floor, and the back side of the metal floor of a 3dB electric bridge (15) and described the 3rd metal patch (6) welds together; On the dielectric-slab of the second antenna medium plate (7), the 3rd metal patch (6), a 3dB electric bridge (15) and metal floor, offer the first probe aperture (20-1), the second probe aperture (21-1), described the first probe (20) and the second probe (21) are placed wherein, and the microstrip line of the second metal patch (9) and a 3dB electric bridge (15) is linked together and realizes double-fed;
Middle level microstrip antenna (2) comprises the 4th metal patch (11), third antenna dielectric-slab (10), the second metal patch (9) and feed part from top to bottom successively, the second metal patch (9) is placed in the lower surface of third antenna dielectric-slab (10) as the metal floor of middle level microstrip antenna, the 4th metal patch (11) is placed in the upper surface of third antenna dielectric-slab (10); Described feed part utilizes 3dB electric bridge to carry out double-fed source feed, current feed department divides and comprises the 3rd probe (22), four point probe (23) and the 2nd 3dB electric bridge (17), wherein the 2nd 3dB electric bridge (17) comprises microstrip line, dielectric-slab and metal floor, and the back side of the metal floor of the 2nd 3dB electric bridge (17) and described the second metal patch (9) welds together; In the dielectric-slab of third antenna dielectric-slab (10), the second metal patch (9), the 2nd 3dB electric bridge (17) and metal floor, offer the 3rd probe aperture (22-1) and four point probe hole (23-1), the 3rd probe (22) and four point probe (23) are placed wherein, and the microstrip line of the 4th metal patch (11) and the 2nd 3dB electric bridge (17) is linked together and realizes double-fed; Meanwhile, in the dielectric-slab of the 2nd 3dB electric bridge (17) and metal floor, also have the first probe aperture (20-1), the second probe aperture (21-1), place wherein for the first probe (20) and the second probe (21);
Upper strata microstrip antenna (3) comprises the 5th metal patch (14), the 4th antenna medium plate (13), the 6th metal patch (12) and feed part from top to bottom successively, the 6th metal patch (12) is placed in the lower surface of the 4th antenna medium plate (13) as the metal floor of upper strata microstrip antenna, the 5th metal patch (14) is placed in the upper surface of the 4th antenna medium plate (13); Described feed part adopts coaxial single feed feeding classification, comprises soft coaxial inner core (24) and soft coaxial (19).On lower floor's microstrip antenna and middle level microstrip antenna, offer coaxial aperture (19-1), described soft coaxial (19) are connected with the 6th metal patch (12) through coaxial aperture (19-1); On the 4th antenna medium plate (13), offer through hole (24-1), soft coaxial inner core (24) is connected with the 5th metal patch (14) through through hole (24-1).
6. a kind of multiband aerial according to claim 5, it is characterized in that the cross section of described the second antenna medium plate (7) is for circular, the cross section of third and fourth antenna medium plate (10,13), second and third, six metal patches (9,6,12) are square, the diameter of the second antenna medium plate (7) is much larger than the length of side of the 3rd metal patch (6); The length of side of third antenna dielectric-slab (10) is greater than the length of side of the second metal patch (9); The length of side of the 4th antenna medium plate (13) is greater than the length of side of the 6th metal patch (12).
7. a kind of multiband aerial according to claim 6, the cross section that it is characterized in that described the first metal patch (4) and insulating cylinder (5) is side's annular, first, three, four antenna medium plates (8, 10, 13) cross section, second, three, four, six metal patches (9, 6, 11, 12) basic configuration of the and five metal patch (14) is square, the cross section of the second antenna medium plate (7) is circular, the width of the first metal patch (4) is 0～0.5 λ, the outer length of side is 0～10 λ, the thickness of insulating cylinder (5) is 0～5 λ, be highly 0～1 λ, the outer length of side is 0～15 λ, the inward flange of the first metal patch (4) is in the horizontal direction apart from insulating cylinder (5) inward flange 0～1 λ, the outward flange of insulating cylinder (5) is distance each microstrip antenna metal patch (9,11,14) λ～6, outward flange-1 λ in the horizontal direction, each metal patch (4,6,9,11,12,14) is in vertical direction apart from insulating cylinder (5) upper surface 0～3 λ, the diameter of the second antenna medium plate (7) is greater than the 3rd metal patch (6) length of side
doubly 0～5 λ, the length of side of third antenna dielectric-slab (10) is greater than the length of side 0～5 λ of the second metal patch (9), and the length of side of the 4th antenna medium plate (13) is greater than the length of side 0～5 λ of the 6th metal patch (12).
8. a kind of multiband aerial according to claim 7, is characterized in that described the 5th metal patch (14) cuts two jiaos on its diagonal.
9. according to a kind of multiband aerial described in claim 6-8, it is characterized in that described lower floor microstrip antenna works in the Big Dipper two generations B3 frequency range, middle level microstrip antenna has covered L1 frequency range, the B1 frequency range in two generations of the Big Dipper of GPS, the L frequency range of a Big Dipper generation, and upper strata microstrip antenna works in the S frequency range of a Big Dipper generation.
10. a kind of multiband aerial according to claim 9, the bandwidth that it is characterized in that described lower floor microstrip antenna is 44MHz, and the bandwidth of middle level microstrip antenna is 167MHz, and the bandwidth of upper strata microstrip antenna is 91MHz.
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| CN105932423A (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2016-09-07 | 西北工业大学 | Device for improving wide beam of micro-strip antenna |
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| CN115616479A (en) * | 2022-12-19 | 2023-01-17 | 成都空御科技有限公司 | Fixed unmanned aerial vehicle monitoring facilities and system |
| CN116845574A (en) * | 2023-08-07 | 2023-10-03 | 河北晶禾电子技术股份有限公司 | Multi-frequency microstrip antenna and satellite navigation communication equipment |
| CN116845574B (en) * | 2023-08-07 | 2023-12-22 | 河北晶禾电子技术股份有限公司 | Multi-frequency microstrip antenna and satellite navigation communication equipment |
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