CN104962293A - Method for improving soil subjected to secondary salinization - Google Patents
Method for improving soil subjected to secondary salinization Download PDFInfo
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- CN104962293A CN104962293A CN201510296800.7A CN201510296800A CN104962293A CN 104962293 A CN104962293 A CN 104962293A CN 201510296800 A CN201510296800 A CN 201510296800A CN 104962293 A CN104962293 A CN 104962293A
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- Prior art keywords
- weathered coal
- attapulgite
- magnesium sulfate
- polyvinyl alcohol
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2109/00—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE pH regulation
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for improving soil subjected to secondary salinization. The method utilizes desulfurized gypsum, attapulgite, a weathered coal-polyvinyl alcohol compound and magnesium sulfate. The method utilizes a uniform mixture of 1-2 parts by weight of desulfurized gypsum, 4-6 parts by weight of attapulgite, 2-3 parts by weight of a weathered coal-polyvinyl alcohol mixture and 1-3 parts by weight of magnesium sulfate and comprises the following steps of grafting vinylethyl alcohol to weathered coal, compounding the weathered coal-polyvinyl alcohol compound, attapulgite, desulfurized gypsum and the magnesium sulfate to obtain a conditioner for soil subjected to secondary salinization, and scattering the conditioner in the soil subjected to secondary salinization so that the soil subjected to secondary salinization is improved and salinity and alkalinity of the saline-alkali soil are reduced. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages of low cost, rich raw materials and high efficiency.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of modification method improving soil function, is specifically related to a kind of modification method for Secondary Saline soil.
Background technology
Pedotransfer function is the soil being distributed in arid, semiarid zone, because irrigate unreasonable, causes ground water table to rise, causes the process that solubility salt accumulates in upper soll layer or soil.
One is because drought, impeded drainage and ground water table are too high, and be the major reason causing salt accumulation in soil, salinization is that depth of groundwater table is more shallow than critical depth of groundwater; Two is that mineralization of groundwater is high, salification process produces Secondary Saline, typically represent area in China and have Huang-Huai-Hai plain, Ningxia Plain and Hetao Plain etc., preventive measures main at present have the irrigation system of 1. Erecting and improvings, make groundwater depth remain on below critical depth; 2. set up modernization water exhaust system; 3. kind to plant seeds and the woody plant of Salt And Alkali Tolerance.
The problems referred to above reason of searching to the bottom is the Preserving problems of soil moisture, at present, saline and alkali land improvement method mainly contains Physical (wholelyly and water resources industry: CN201010256362.9, CN200710179269.0 etc.), biological process (microbial inoculum: CN201010131080.6, CN201310114401.5 etc.) and chemical method (modifying agent: the CN201110095321.0 such as desulfurated plaster, sulfuric acid, furfural dregs, humic acid, animal excrement, CN200610017147.7, CN03138949.X etc.) etc.Although these measures are effective under certain condition, but separately there is limitation: water conservancy law and chemical amendments at substantial manpower and materials, phytoremediation longer and climate condition restriction consuming time, all be difficult to implement on a large scale, current China's agricultural development needs can not be met, Pedotransfer function is water problem, its improvement needs from water, take fertilizer as carrier, development low cost, water saving, control salt, the advanced fertilizer technology of maintenance, with water control salt, soil is supported with fertilizer, by water-fertilizer-salt coupling, retardance salinity upwards moves, control moisture to deep soil seepage, and other measures collaborative, progressively improve soil physico-chemical property, alleviate improvement Irrigated Area Soils Secondary Saline problem.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of modification method for Secondary Saline soil, the effect such as realize water conservation, fertilizer conservation, salt reduction, pressure alkali, loosen the soil.Its main method is: by vinyl alcohol graft polymerization on weathered coal, then compositely with attapulgite, desulfurated plaster and magnesium sulfate makes for secondary salinization of land modifying agent, then to the process that secondary salinization of land soil spreads fertilizer over the fields.Its cardinal principle is: cemented out by the sodium ion being adsorbed on soil colloids by the ion exchange of desulfurated plaster; Water retention is played by the polyvinyl alcohol be grafted on weathered coal; By desulfurated plaster by the carbanion solidification (CaSO in deep subsoil water body
4=Ca
2++ SO4
2-; Ca
2++ CO
3 2-=CaCO
3), thus soil pH value falls; Soil pH is reduced and can chessom by the acidity effect of weathered coal; The effect keeping chemical fertilizer nutrient is played by attapulgite; In magnesium sulfate, magnesium ion is one of chlorophyllous main component, so substantially go up to meet and think that the magnesium such as potato starve the growth demand of plant, and magnesium sulfate has high resolution feature, can meet plant-growth fast and effectively.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, a kind of modification method for Secondary Saline soil, be made up of desulfurated plaster, attapulgite, weathered coal-polyvinyl alcohol mixture and magnesium sulfate, it is characterized in that: according to weighing scale, mixed by the magnesium sulfate of 1-2 part desulfurated plaster, 4-6 part attapulgite, 2-3 part weathered coal-polyvinyl alcohol mixture, 1-3 part and form, comprise the steps:
(1) desulfurated plaster is crushed to 130-230 order stand-by;
(2) attapulgite is crushed to 130-230 order dry powder to irradiate under gamma ray (10MeV, 80kGy) and obtain stand-by in 15-18 minute;
(3) by weathered coal-polyvinyl alcohol mixture by the weathered coal of 8 parts and the vinyl alcohol Homogeneous phase mixing of 6 parts, then be added to the water and be made into the suspension liquid that concentration is 85-95g/L, at 29-30 DEG C, be placed in closed vessel to stir 30 minutes, thus by vinyl alcohol graft copolymerization at weathered coal on the surface, dry, pulverize to 130-230 order in 70 DEG C afterwards obtains stand-by;
(4) magnesium sulfate fineness is 130-230 order;
(5) by weight, the magnesium sulfate 1-3 part Homogeneous phase mixing in weathered coal-polyvinyl alcohol mixture 2-3 part, (4) in the desulfurated plaster 1-2 part in (1), the attapulgite 4-6 part in (2), (3) is obtained this modifying agent;
(6) this modifying agent obtained in (5) is spread on according to 20-30kg/ mu surface of ploughing, then ploughs;
(7) also can by this modifying agent obtained in (5) according to the ratio of 8%-20% add in Chemical Mixed Fertilizer obtain improve Chemical Mixed Fertilizer, according to 50kg-70kg/ mu be spread on plough surface, then plough.
The present invention has the following advantages compared to existing technology:
(1) the present invention is compared with common chemical fertilizer, apply fertilizer Deng nutrient, soil humidity more than 12% can be increased, reduce soil and be harmful to salinity (sodium ion and carbanion etc.) more than 11%, improve determining cation exchange capacity of soil more than 7%, reduce nutrient loss more than 16%, make crop yield more than 12%, the multiple efficacies such as there is significant water conservation, fertilizer conservation, salt reduction, pressure alkali, loosen the soil.
(2) desulfurated plaster adopted in the present invention is mainly the by product that fertilizer plant produces phosphate fertilizer, has reserves large (about more than 10 times), the large advantage of cost low (low more than 50%) two.
(3) weathered coal adopted in the present invention, compared with humic acid in existing alkaline land modifying agent patent, has the advantages such as reserves are large, cost is low.
Embodiment
Elaborate to embodiments of the invention below, the present embodiment is implemented under premised on technical solution of the present invention, give detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
Embodiment 1
(1) desulfurated plaster is crushed to 130 orders;
(2) attapulgite (colloid, 130 orders) dry powder is irradiated 15 minutes under gamma ray (10MeV, 80kGy), attapulgite is scatter, keep nutrient effect to promote it;
(3) by weight, by the vinyl alcohol Homogeneous phase mixing of the weathered coals of 8 parts (content of humic acid is 20%) with 6 parts, then be added to the water and be made into the suspension liquid that concentration is 85g/L, be placed at 29 DEG C in closed container vessels, stir 30 minutes, thus by vinyl alcohol graft copolymerization at weathered coal on the surface.Dry, pulverize to 130 orders with 70 DEG C afterwards, namely obtain weathered coal-polyvinyl alcohol mixture;
(4) fineness of magnesium sulfate is 130 orders;
(5) by weight, by the magnesium sulfate Homogeneous phase mixing in the attapulgite in the desulfurated plaster in 2 parts (1), 4 parts (2), the weathered coal-polyvinyl alcohol in 2 parts (3) and 2 parts (4), namely alkaline land modifying agent is obtained;
(6) modifying agent obtained in (5) is evenly spread fertilizer over the fields at soil surface according to every mu of 20kg consumption, then plough;
(7) modifying agent that also (5) can be obtained by weight 8% ratio join in fertilizer or urea or Chemical Mixed Fertilizer, obtained improving fertilizer is evenly spread fertilizer over the fields at soil surface according to every mu of 50kg consumption, then ploughs.
Embodiment 2
(1) desulfurated plaster is crushed to 170 orders;
(2) attapulgite (colloid, 170 orders) dry powder is irradiated 17 minutes under gamma ray (10MeV, 80kGy), attapulgite is scatter, keep nutrient effect to promote it;
(3) by weight, by the vinyl alcohol Homogeneous phase mixing of the weathered coals of 8 parts (content of humic acid is 20%) with 6 parts, then be added to the water and be made into the suspension liquid that concentration is 90g/L, be placed at 29 DEG C in closed container vessels, stir 30 minutes, thus by vinyl alcohol graft copolymerization at weathered coal on the surface.Dry, pulverize to 170 orders with 70 DEG C afterwards, namely obtain weathered coal-polyvinyl alcohol mixture;
(4) fineness of magnesium sulfate is 170 orders;
(5) by weight, by the magnesium sulfate Homogeneous phase mixing in the attapulgite in the desulfurated plaster in 1 part (1), 5 parts (2), the weathered coal-polyvinyl alcohol in 3 parts (3) and 1 part (4), namely alkaline land modifying agent is obtained;
(6) modifying agent obtained in (5) is evenly spread fertilizer over the fields at soil surface according to every mu of 25kg consumption, then plough;
(7) modifying agent that also (5) can be obtained by weight 15% ratio join in fertilizer or urea or Chemical Mixed Fertilizer, obtained improving fertilizer is evenly spread fertilizer over the fields at soil surface according to every mu of 60kg consumption, then ploughs.
Embodiment 3
(1) desulfurated plaster is crushed to 230 orders;
(2) attapulgite (colloid, 230 orders) dry powder is irradiated 18 minutes under gamma ray (10MeV, 80kGy), attapulgite is scatter, keep nutrient effect to promote it;
(3) by weight, by the vinyl alcohol Homogeneous phase mixing of the weathered coals of 8 parts (content of humic acid is 20%) with 6 parts, then be added to the water and be made into the suspension liquid that concentration is 95g/L, be placed at 30 DEG C in closed container vessels, stir 30 minutes, thus by vinyl alcohol graft copolymerization at weathered coal on the surface.Dry, pulverize to 230 orders with 70 DEG C afterwards, namely obtain weathered coal-polyvinyl alcohol mixture;
(4) fineness of magnesium sulfate is 230 orders;
(5) by weight, by the magnesium sulfate Homogeneous phase mixing in the attapulgite in the desulfurated plaster in 2 parts (1), 5 parts (2), the weathered coal-polyvinyl alcohol in 2 parts (3) and 2 parts (4), namely alkaline land modifying agent is obtained;
(6) modifying agent obtained in (5) is evenly spread fertilizer over the fields at soil surface according to every mu of 30kg consumption, then plough;
(7) modifying agent that also (5) can be obtained by weight 20% ratio join in fertilizer or urea or Chemical Mixed Fertilizer, obtained improving fertilizer is evenly spread fertilizer over the fields at soil surface according to every mu of 70kg consumption, then ploughs.
Within 2014, adopt the modifying agent product described in embodiment 2 in Ningxia, China, the potato fields that two blocks of adjacent 10 mu of Secondary Saline soil are carried out in the area heavier to local saltings degree is tested, when autumn harvest, respectively ultimate production is carried out to the potato on two pieces of ground and carried out contrast discovery, used the potato ultimate production of modifying agent to increase the output of nearly 9%.As can be seen here, this product is for improving alkaline land soil and improving crop yield, have a significant effect, for this reason, there is North China's Huang-Huai-Hai plain, the Ningxia Plain of typical secondary salinization of land feature, the Shizuishan City of the Dongying Cities to Shandong District in 2015 and north of Ningxia has carried out cloth experimental tests, and for those regional saline and alkaline degree are different, product that is that produce has mail to required area to part at present.
Above embodiment only in order to the present invention is described and and unrestricted technical scheme described in the invention; Therefore, although this specification sheets with reference to each above-mentioned embodiment to present invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the art should be appreciated that and still can modify to the present invention or equivalent to replace; And all do not depart from technical scheme and the improvement thereof of the spirit and scope of the present invention, all should be encompassed in right of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. the modification method for Secondary Saline soil, be made up of desulfurated plaster, attapulgite, weathered coal-polyvinyl alcohol mixture and magnesium sulfate, it is characterized in that: according to weighing scale, mixed by the magnesium sulfate of 1-2 part desulfurated plaster, 4-6 part attapulgite, 2-3 part weathered coal-polyvinyl alcohol mixture, 1-3 part and form, comprise the steps:
(1) desulfurated plaster is crushed to 130-230 order stand-by;
(2) attapulgite is crushed to 130-230 order dry powder to irradiate under gamma ray (10MeV, 80kGy) and obtain stand-by in 15-18 minute;
(3) by weathered coal-polyvinyl alcohol mixture by the weathered coal of 8 parts and the vinyl alcohol Homogeneous phase mixing of 6 parts, then be added to the water and be made into the suspension liquid that concentration is 85-95g/L, at 29-30 DEG C, be placed in closed vessel to stir 30 minutes, thus by vinyl alcohol graft copolymerization at weathered coal on the surface, dry, pulverize to 130-230 order in 70 DEG C afterwards obtains stand-by;
(4) magnesium sulfate fineness is 130-230 order;
(5) by weight, the magnesium sulfate 1-3 part Homogeneous phase mixing in weathered coal-polyvinyl alcohol mixture 2-3 part, (4) in the desulfurated plaster 1-2 part in (1), the attapulgite 4-6 part in (2), (3) is obtained this modifying agent;
(6) this modifying agent obtained in (5) is spread on according to 20-30kg/ mu surface of ploughing, then ploughs;
(7) also can by this modifying agent obtained in (5) according to the ratio of 8%-20% add in Chemical Mixed Fertilizer obtain improve Chemical Mixed Fertilizer, according to 50kg-70kg/ mu be spread on plough surface, then plough.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510296800.7A CN104962293A (en) | 2015-06-03 | 2015-06-03 | Method for improving soil subjected to secondary salinization |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510296800.7A CN104962293A (en) | 2015-06-03 | 2015-06-03 | Method for improving soil subjected to secondary salinization |
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| CN104962293A true CN104962293A (en) | 2015-10-07 |
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| CN201510296800.7A Pending CN104962293A (en) | 2015-06-03 | 2015-06-03 | Method for improving soil subjected to secondary salinization |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107182337A (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2017-09-22 | 朱拥军 | A kind of method that desulfurated plaster improves Saline Ground in Xinjiang |
Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1699507A (en) * | 2004-05-21 | 2005-11-23 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 | Nutrient-supplying agent for improving high saline soil |
| CN101012380A (en) * | 2007-02-16 | 2007-08-08 | 魏凤巢 | Salination soil modifying agent composition and use thereof |
| CN101967071A (en) * | 2010-10-20 | 2011-02-09 | 南京农业大学 | Salt-restraining special fertilizer for seashore solonchak rapes and production process thereof |
| CN103937507A (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2014-07-23 | 高程华 | Saline-alkali soil improver as well as preparation method and use method thereof |
-
2015
- 2015-06-03 CN CN201510296800.7A patent/CN104962293A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1699507A (en) * | 2004-05-21 | 2005-11-23 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 | Nutrient-supplying agent for improving high saline soil |
| CN101012380A (en) * | 2007-02-16 | 2007-08-08 | 魏凤巢 | Salination soil modifying agent composition and use thereof |
| CN101967071A (en) * | 2010-10-20 | 2011-02-09 | 南京农业大学 | Salt-restraining special fertilizer for seashore solonchak rapes and production process thereof |
| CN103937507A (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2014-07-23 | 高程华 | Saline-alkali soil improver as well as preparation method and use method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 姜增明等: "土壤调理剂在盐碱地改良中的作用", 《北方园艺》 * |
| 陈伏生等: "泥炭和风化煤对盐碱土的改良效应", 《辽宁工程技术大学学报》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107182337A (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2017-09-22 | 朱拥军 | A kind of method that desulfurated plaster improves Saline Ground in Xinjiang |
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