CN104945203B - A kind of rubber tree special fertilizer and its fertilizing method for promoting stable high yield - Google Patents
A kind of rubber tree special fertilizer and its fertilizing method for promoting stable high yield Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphosphorus decaoxide Chemical compound O1P(O2)(=O)OP3(=O)OP1(=O)OP2(=O)O3 DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910001950 potassium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 235000021049 nutrient content Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- HEPPIYNOUFWEPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-diaminophosphinothioylbutan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCNP(N)(N)=S HEPPIYNOUFWEPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- LXKCHCXZBPLTAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole phosphate Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O.CC1=CNN=C1C LXKCHCXZBPLTAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000009332 manuring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[K+].[K+] CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 16
- -1 3,4- dimethyl pyrazoles phosphate Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000263 Rubber seed oil Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- VQTVFIMEENGCJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole Chemical compound CC=1C=NNC=1C VQTVFIMEENGCJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid Substances OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 208000002720 Malnutrition Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000018343 nutrient deficiency Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- NOTVAPJNGZMVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium oxide Chemical compound [K]O[K] NOTVAPJNGZMVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 22
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 17
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 13
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- YWEUIGNSBFLMFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphosphonate Chemical compound O=P(=O)OP(=O)=O YWEUIGNSBFLMFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 5
- 208000008167 Magnesium Deficiency Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 235000004764 magnesium deficiency Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 3
- UDPGUMQDCGORJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-chloroethyl)phosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)CCCl UDPGUMQDCGORJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001417105 Clupea pallasii Species 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical class [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous Oxide Chemical compound [O-][N+]#N GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JVMRPSJZNHXORP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ON=O.ON=O.ON=O.N Chemical compound ON=O.ON=O.ON=O.N JVMRPSJZNHXORP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001479588 Packera glabella Species 0.000 description 2
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229940090496 Urease inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 2
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical group N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002601 urease inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- YWQCWJGPCRVLJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-methyl-1h-pyrazole;phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O.CC1=CC=NN1 YWQCWJGPCRVLJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 244000286663 Ficus elastica Species 0.000 description 1
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ONZYHCUHPUNWRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N [K].[P].[Mg] Chemical compound [K].[P].[Mg] ONZYHCUHPUNWRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YUWBVKYVJWNVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[P] Chemical compound [N].[P] YUWBVKYVJWNVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium group Chemical group [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 230000008485 antagonism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000011890 leaf development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940080286 lowsium Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010090 natural rubber production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001272 nitrous oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000015380 nutritional deficiency disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000003715 nutritional status Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004181 pedogenesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical class [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000021749 root development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002786 root growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of rubber tree special fertilizer and its fertilizing method for promoting stable high yield.Each active ingredient of the rubber tree special fertilizer is by mass fraction:Nitrogen:Phosphorus pentoxide:Potassium oxide:Magnesia:N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide:3,4 dimethyl pyrazole phosphate:Organic matter=(11~15):(7~12):(8~18):(2~4):(0.2~0.4):(0.1~0.2):(3.6~4.8), total nutrient content is 41.6~43%.Fertilising is first to dig ditch of fostering and apply fertilizer, then applies customary commercial organic fertilizer or farm manure, and rubber tree special fertilizer, blinding are applied after the several months, and coordinates crab rooting ridging and understory species management to carry out green manuring and foster and apply fertilizer.The present invention creates loose, fertile, moistening, the soil environment of ventilation for rubber tree, sustainedly and stably provides nutrient.After rubber tree special fertilizer, rubber tree nutritional deficiency symptom is eased, and nutrient totally tends to balance, and gum yield greatly improves.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural technical field of fertilizers, and in particular to it is a kind of promote stable high yield rubber tree special fertilizer and its
Fertilizing method.
Background technology
Natural rubber is a kind of important strategic restrictive resource.Yunnan is the big natural rubber production base in China first,
The end of the year 2013 planted glue surface product up to 831.45 ten thousand mu, wherein opening 393.93 ten thousand mu of rubber tapping garden area.The rational application of fertilizer be rubber tree fast-growing,
One of the important technique measure of high yield, stable yields.The nutrient formula of rubber tree special fertilizer be according to various regions Rubber plantation soils nutrient situations,
Gum grow and production glue to the characteristics of nutritional need depending on, nitrogenous, phosphorus, potassium and trace element, fertilizer Composite, fertilizer efficiency compared with
Long, administration is more convenient.
Yunnan rubber plantation is typical mountain region plantation, and the gradient is big, and dry and wet season is clearly demarcated, and nutrient is easily with runoff or leaching loss;
Topography and geomorphology is complicated, and woodland miniclimate is changeable;Soil types is enriched, and weathering and pedogenesis are deep, and desiliconization and allitization process are strong
Strong, easily there is magnesium deficiency yellowtop in part plantation.Compared with other domestic and international Zhi Jiao areas, weather conditions, soil types and rubber plantation
Nutrient situation difference is obvious, and the achievement in research of different regions has irreplaceability.Rubber tree is perennial industrial crops, due to
Rubber tree growth is fixed, produces glue, updates the difference taken away in nutrient and fertilising, managerial skills, and rubber plantation nutrition condition is not
Disconnected change, Spatial Variability are larger.Particularly since the rubber tapping of Yunnan Zhi Jiao areas large-scale promotion ethrel stimulation, with unit plane
Product dry incineration method increases considerably, and accelerates Rubber Plant Nutrient and is lost in, the administrative skill of fostering and apply fertilizer under traditional tapping system is with newly cutting
Glue system has mismatched set.The fertilizer application formula of rubber tree has obvious ageing, and that continues to use that findings of the survey many years ago propose applies
Fertilizer formula, it can not well suit the medicine to the illness and apply fertilizer;And the fertilizer formula applied at present is excessively numerous and diverse.Research and development are adapted to Yunnan Zhi Jiao areas
Rubber tree formula fertilizer and corresponding fertilization the method popularization and application in production of status in different nutritional status, it appears particularly important and very urgent
Cut.
The content of the invention
After being tapped rubber for Zhi Jiao areas large-scale promotion ethrel stimulation, nutrient of rubber plantation is lost in the problems such as serious, the present invention
A kind of rubber tree special fertilizer and its fertilizing method for promoting stable high yield is provided.
The present invention is realized by following technical proposal:A kind of rubber tree special fertilizer for promoting stable high yield, its active ingredient
Including nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide, potassium oxide, magnesia, N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide, 3,4- dimethyl pyrazoles phosphate and organic
Matter, each active ingredient are in the ratio of mass fraction:Nitrogen:Phosphorus pentoxide:Potassium oxide:Magnesia:N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric three
Amine:3,4- dimethyl pyrazole phosphate:Organic matter=(11~15):(7~12):(8~18):(2~4):(0.2~0.4):
(0.1~0.2):(3.6~4.8), total nutrient content is 41.6~43%(Do not include N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide and 3,4- bis-
The nutrient that methylpyrazole phosphate provides).
It is described promote stable high yield each active ingredient of rubber tree special fertilizer be in the ratio of mass fraction:Nitrogen:Five oxidations
Two phosphorus:Potassium oxide:Magnesia:N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide:3,4- dimethyl pyrazole phosphate:Organic matter=15:10:12:2:
0.2:0.1:4, total nutrient content 43%.
It is described promote stable high yield each active ingredient of rubber tree special fertilizer be in the ratio of mass fraction:Nitrogen:Five oxidations
Two phosphorus:Potassium oxide:Magnesia:N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide:3,4- dimethyl pyrazole phosphate:Organic matter=15:12:8:3:
0.4:0.2:3.6, total nutrient content 41.6%.
It is described promote stable high yield each active ingredient of rubber tree special fertilizer be in the ratio of mass fraction:Nitrogen:Five oxidations
Two phosphorus:Potassium oxide:Magnesia:N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide:3,4- dimethyl pyrazole phosphate:Organic matter=11:7:18:2:
0.2:0.1:4.5, total nutrient content 42.5%.
It is described promote stable high yield each active ingredient of rubber tree special fertilizer be in the ratio of mass fraction:Nitrogen:Five oxidations
Two phosphorus:Potassium oxide:Magnesia:N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide:3,4- dimethyl pyrazole phosphate:Organic matter=15:8:10:4:
0.3:0.15:4.8, total nutrient content 41.8%.
Nitrogen in above-mentioned formula can be provided by urea or/and MAP;Phosphorus pentoxide can be by MAP, phosphorus
The phosphorus-containing compounds such as sour two ammoniums, calcium superphosphate provide;Potassium oxide can be provided by potassium-containing compounds such as potassium chloride or potassium sulfates;
Magnesia can be provided by magnesium-containing compounds such as epsom salts;Organic matter can be by local characteristics such as sugared mud, rubber seed oil meals
Trade waste provides after decomposed fermentation.
Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium are rubber tree nutrition three elements.Nitrogen promotes rubber tree leaf development, leaf dark green and thicker, photosynthesis
By force;Rubber tree growth is very fast, and stem is thick, and bark is ruddy rich tender, and latex dust columns is more, and production glue ability is strong.Phosphorus improves rubber tree and resisted
Drought and cold resistance, played an important role in latex forming process, the mechanical stability of dry glue can be promoted.Potassium can improve rubber
Gum is disease-resistant, wind resistance and tolerance to cold, enhancing rubber tree produce glue, dumping ability, improve latex stability, be advantageous to dumping, no
It is easily early solidifying.Magnesium can improve the cold-hartliness of rubber tree, and Pacific herring bone shape yellowtop occurs in magnesium deficiency, it is grown and produce glue and be obstructed.Positive fourth
Base D2EHDTPA triamine delays the hydrolysis of urea, reduces the volatilization loss of ammonia, make hydrolysis of urea product more as urease inhibitor
It is subject to ammonium nitrogen form to be maintained in soil, has delayed nitrification process.3,4- dimethyl pyrazoles phosphate presses down as nitrification
Preparation, dedicated for reducing the activity of nitrite bacteria in soil, suppress its growth and breeding, hinder ammonium nitrogen to turn to nitrite nitrogen
Change, conversion of the nitrite nitrogen to nitrate nitrogen is influenceed, so as to suppress the progress of whole nitrification.Reduce nitrogenous fertilizer because of anti-nitre simultaneously
The loss of change effect, reduces atmosphere pollution caused by nitrous oxide emission.Organic matter can improve soil physics, chemistry and life
Thing characteristic, vegetable soil, culture fertility.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of fertilizing method for the rubber tree special fertilizer for promoting stable high yield, pass through
Following each step:
(1)Digging is fostered and apply fertilizer ditch;
(2)1~2 month, 10~15kg customary commercial organic fertilizer or farm manure are applied in each ditch of fostering and apply fertilizer, and glue will be planted
The dry branches and fallen leaves of band is applied in ditch of fostering and apply fertilizer, then blinding;
(3)In 4~May, the dose by annual every plant of rubber tree is 0.8~1.2kg, and it is special that rubber tree is applied in ditch of fostering and apply fertilizer
With fertilizer, and blinding;Wherein, its active ingredient of rubber tree special fertilizer includes nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide, potassium oxide, magnesia, normal-butyl
D2EHDTPA triamine, 3,4- dimethyl pyrazoles phosphate and organic matter, each active ingredient are in the ratio of mass fraction:Nitrogen:Five
Aoxidize two phosphorus:Potassium oxide:Magnesia:N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide:3,4- dimethyl pyrazole phosphate:Organic matter=(11~
15):(7~12):(8~18):(2~4):(0.2~0.4):(0.1~0.2):(3.6~4.8), total nutrient content 41.6
~43%;
(4)8~September, coordinate crab rooting ridging and understory species management, the height of understory species is controlled in below 50cm, will
Understory species under planting the weeds of adhesive tape and cradling apply ditch green manuring of fostering and apply fertilizer.
The step(1)Ditch ditching in the usual way of fostering and apply fertilizer, i.e., be in rubber tree row in the gentle rubber plantation of landform
Interval strain carries out digging and fostered and apply fertilizer ditch;Or it is to carry out digging every strain in terraced fields inwall to foster and apply fertilizer ditch in the rubber plantation of hillside terraced fields;Two arrive
Rotations in 3 years are once fostered and apply fertilizer the position of ditch.
The step(1)In foster and apply fertilizer ditch length and width, it is deep be respectively 100,40,40 centimetres.
The present invention based on the special weather conditions of Yunnan Mountains plantation, complicated topography and geomorphology, abundant soil types,
With reference to Rubber plantation soils type and fertility characteristic, the feelings such as rubber tree breediness, nutrient the antagonism relationship, fertilising history are considered
Condition, have developed and promote to open the special fertilizer formula that cuts rubber tree stable high yield, the special fertilizer formula be applied to Yunnan Zhi Jiao areas 80% with
On plantation, formula can be promoted mainly as Yunnan Mountains plantation.
The present invention possesses advantages below and effect:Rubber tree special fertilizer in the present invention, has taken into full account sa soil
The characteristics of easy magnesium deficiency, moderate-element magnesium is added on the basis of a great number of elements N P and K;And add double inhibitors(Urease inhibitor
And nitrification inhibitor), local characteristic organic matter is used as filler.Compared to common fertilizer, enzyme and microorganism in soil can be regulated and controled
Activity, reach the effect that fertilizer efficiency is long, utilization rate is high, loss is few, sustainedly and stably nutrient provided for rubber tree so as to realize, guarantor
Protect plantation ecological environment.Fertilizing method provided by the invention mainly employs foster and apply fertilizer foster root, green manuring of zanjon and fostered and apply fertilizer, in combination with dew
The comprehensive management technologies such as root ridging, vegetation management, the soil ring of one " loose, fertile, moistening, ventilation " is created for rubber tree
Border, be advantageous to the improvement of rubber tree root growth and development and water and fertilizer condition.After rubber tree special fertilizer using the present invention, nutritional deficiency disease
Shape is eased, and nutrient totally tends to balance, and promotes the stable high yield of rubber tree, economic, ecology and social benefit are notable, right
Highly efficient and productive, ecological, safe modern plantation tool is built to be of great significance.Experiment 3 years, per hectare dry glue has a net increase of production
Rate is up to 26%, and volume increase dry glue is up to 0.6 ton, subtracts and applies the increased fertilizers input of special fertilizer, produces economic benefit and is up to 1.0 ten thousand
Member(Dry glue is per ton based on 20000 yuan).
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated, but is not limited thereto.
Embodiment 1
Carry out the research of rubber tree special fertilizer fertilization effect on Yunnan Province Jinghong City east wind farm:
(1)Length and width, deep respectively 100,40,40 centimetres of ditch of fostering and apply fertilizer are dug in the strain of rubber tree between-line spacing;
(2)In January, 10kg customary commercial organic fertilizer is applied in each ditch of fostering and apply fertilizer(Nation's sea organic fertilizer), and adhesive tape will be planted
Deadwood and fallen leaves application foster and apply fertilizer in ditch, then blinding;
(3)In April, the dose by annual every plant of rubber tree is 0.8kg, and rubber tree special fertilizer is applied in ditch of fostering and apply fertilizer, and
Blinding;Wherein, its active ingredient of rubber tree special fertilizer includes nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide, potassium oxide, magnesia, the thio phosphorus of normal-butyl
Sour triamine, 3,4- dimethyl pyrazoles phosphate and organic matter, each active ingredient are in the ratio of mass fraction:Nitrogen:Five oxidations two
Phosphorus:Potassium oxide:Magnesia:N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide:3,4- dimethyl pyrazole phosphate:Organic matter=15:10:12:2:
0.2:0.1:4, total nutrient content 43%;Organic matter is that sugared mud obtains through decomposed fermentation;
(4)September, coordinate crab rooting ridging and understory species management, the height of understory species is controlled in below 50cm, will plant glue
The weeds of band and the understory species under cradling apply ditch green manuring of fostering and apply fertilizer.
East wind farm is applied fertilizer 3 years using rubber tree special fertilizer, and rubber tree healthy growth, production glue are normal, blade N P and K magnesium
All within range of normal value, effect see the table below ratio between nutrient content and element:
Embodiment 2
Carry out the research of rubber tree special fertilizer fertilization effect on Yunnan Province Jinghong City east wind farm:
(1)In terraced fields inwall length and width, deep respectively 100,40,40 centimetres of ditch of fostering and apply fertilizer are dug every strain;
(2)2 months, 12kg conventional farm manure is applied in each ditch of fostering and apply fertilizer, and the deadwood for planting adhesive tape and fallen leaves are applied
Foster and apply fertilizer in ditch, then blinding;
(3)In May, the dose by annual every plant of rubber tree is 1.2kg, and rubber tree special fertilizer is applied in ditch of fostering and apply fertilizer, and
Blinding;Wherein, its active ingredient of rubber tree special fertilizer includes nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide, potassium oxide, magnesia, the thio phosphorus of normal-butyl
Sour triamine, 3,4- dimethyl pyrazoles phosphate and organic matter, each active ingredient are in the ratio of mass fraction:Nitrogen:Five oxidations two
Phosphorus:Potassium oxide:Magnesia:N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide:3,4- dimethyl pyrazole phosphate:Organic matter=15:12:8:3:
0.4:0.2:3.6, total nutrient content 41.6%;Organic matter is that rubber seed oil meal obtains through decomposed fermentation;
(4)August, coordinate crab rooting ridging and understory species management, the height of understory species is controlled in below 50cm, will plant glue
The weeds of band and the understory species under cradling apply ditch green manuring of fostering and apply fertilizer.
East wind farm is applied fertilizer 3 years using rubber tree special fertilizer, and the blade potassium content of this example Central Plains rubber tree enriches, nitrogen phosphorus
Lack, content of magnesium is relatively low, and nitrogen/potassium ratio is relatively low, and potassium/phosphorus ratio is higher, and after being applied fertilizer by the inventive method, rubber tree growth is strong
Health, gum yield greatly improve, and ratio is all within range of normal value between blade N P and K magnesium nutrient content and element.Effect is seen below
Table:
Embodiment 3
Carry out the research of rubber tree special fertilizer fertilization effect on Yunnan Province Jinghong City east wind farm:
(1)In terraced fields inwall length and width, deep respectively 100,40,40 centimetres of ditch of fostering and apply fertilizer are dug every strain;
(2)In January, 15kg customary commercial organic fertilizer is applied in each ditch of fostering and apply fertilizer(Nation's sea organic fertilizer), and adhesive tape will be planted
Deadwood and fallen leaves application foster and apply fertilizer in ditch, then blinding;
(3)In April, the dose by annual every plant of rubber tree is 1kg, rubber tree special fertilizer is applied in ditch of fostering and apply fertilizer, and cover
Soil;Wherein, its active ingredient of rubber tree special fertilizer includes nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide, potassium oxide, magnesia, N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric
Triamine, 3,4- dimethyl pyrazoles phosphate and organic matter, each active ingredient are in the ratio of mass fraction:Nitrogen:Phosphorus pentoxide:
Potassium oxide:Magnesia:N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide:3,4- dimethyl pyrazole phosphate:Organic matter=11:7:18:2:0.2:
0.1:4.5, total nutrient content 42.5%;Organic matter is that sugared mud obtains through decomposed fermentation;
(4)August, coordinate crab rooting ridging and understory species management, the height of understory species is controlled in below 50cm, will plant glue
The weeds of band and the understory species under cradling apply ditch green manuring of fostering and apply fertilizer.
East wind farm is applied fertilizer 3 years using rubber tree special fertilizer, and the blade chlorisis of this example Central Plains rubber tree turns yellow, but color
It is inconsistent, turn yellow around leaf margin more apparent, occur withered spot when serious, withered spot connects presentation and " burns " phenomenon, potassium content
Low, N/P ratio is relatively abundant, and content of magnesium is normal;After being applied fertilizer by the inventive method, rubber tree healthy growth, leaf dark green, gum yield
Improve, ratio is all within range of normal value between blade N P and K magnesium nutrient content and element.Effect see the table below:
Embodiment 4
Carry out the research of rubber tree special fertilizer fertilization effect on Yunnan Province Jinghong City east wind farm:
(1)In terraced fields inwall length and width, deep respectively 100,40,40 centimetres of ditch of fostering and apply fertilizer are dug every strain;
(2)2 months, 13kg customary commercial organic fertilizer is applied in each ditch of fostering and apply fertilizer(Nation's sea organic fertilizer), and adhesive tape will be planted
Deadwood and fallen leaves application foster and apply fertilizer in ditch, then blinding;
(3)In May, the dose by annual every plant of rubber tree is 0.9kg, and rubber tree special fertilizer is applied in ditch of fostering and apply fertilizer, and
Blinding;Wherein, its active ingredient of rubber tree special fertilizer includes nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide, potassium oxide, magnesia, the thio phosphorus of normal-butyl
Sour triamine, 3,4- dimethyl pyrazoles phosphate and organic matter, each active ingredient are in the ratio of mass fraction:Nitrogen:Five oxidations two
Phosphorus:Potassium oxide:Magnesia:N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide:3,4- dimethyl pyrazole phosphate:Organic matter=15:8:10:4:
0.3:0.15:4.8, total nutrient content 41.8%;Organic matter is that rubber seed oil meal obtains through decomposed fermentation;
(4)September, coordinate crab rooting ridging and understory species management, the height of understory species is controlled in below 50cm, will plant glue
The weeds of band and the understory species under cradling apply ditch green manuring of fostering and apply fertilizer.
East wind farm is applied fertilizer 3 years using rubber tree special fertilizer, and the blade N P and K of this example Central Plains rubber tree is richer
Richness, magnesium deficiency, potassium/magnesium ratio are more than 4.5;The mesophyll part of blade turns yellow when serious, and vein and vein nearby still keep green, go out
Existing Pacific herring bone shape yellow leaf;After being applied fertilizer by the inventive method, rubber tree healthy growth, leaf dark green, gum yield greatly improve, Leaf N
Ratio is all within range of normal value between phosphorus potassium magnesium nutrient content and element.Effect see the table below:
Claims (8)
- A kind of 1. rubber tree special fertilizer for promoting stable high yield, it is characterised in that:The active ingredient of the rubber tree special fertilizer includes Nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide, potassium oxide, magnesia, N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide, 3,4- dimethyl pyrazoles phosphate and organic matter, Each active ingredient is in the ratio of mass fraction:Nitrogen:Phosphorus pentoxide:Potassium oxide:Magnesia:Normal-butyl is thio Tricresyl phosphateAmine:3,4- dimethyl pyrazole phosphate:Organic matter=(11~15):(7~12):(8~18):(2~ 4):(0.2~0.4):(0.1~0.2):(3.6~4.8), total nutrient content is 41.6~43%;The organic matter There is provided by sugared mud or rubber seed oil meal after decomposed fermentation.
- 2. the rubber tree special fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Each active ingredient presses mass fraction Ratio be:Nitrogen:Phosphorus pentoxide:Potassium oxide:Magnesia:N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide:3,4- dimethyl pyrazole phosphoric acid Salt:Organic matter=15:10:12:2:0.2:0.1:4, total nutrient content 43%.
- 3. the rubber tree special fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Each active ingredient presses mass fraction Ratio be:Nitrogen:Phosphorus pentoxide:Potassium oxide:Magnesia:N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide:3,4- dimethyl Pyrazoles phosphate:Organic matter=15:12:8:3:0.4:0.2:3.6, total nutrient content 41.6%.
- 4. the rubber tree special fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Each active ingredient is by mass fraction Ratio is:Nitrogen:Phosphorus pentoxide:Potassium oxide:Magnesia:N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide:3,4- dimethyl pyrazole phosphate: Organic matter=11:7:18:2:0.2:0.1:4.5, total nutrient content 42.5%.
- 5. the rubber tree special fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Each active ingredient presses mass fraction Ratio be:Nitrogen:Phosphorus pentoxide:Potassium oxide:Magnesia:N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide:3,4- dimethyl Pyrazoles phosphate:Organic matter=15:8:10:4:0.3:0.15:4.8, total nutrient content 41.8%.
- 6. a kind of fertilizing method of the rubber tree special fertilizer of promotion stable high yield, it is characterised in that pass through following each step:(1)Digging is fostered and apply fertilizer ditch;(2)1~2 month, 10~15kg customary commercial organic fertilizer or farm manure are applied in each ditch of fostering and apply fertilizer, and will The dry branches and fallen leaves for planting adhesive tape is applied in ditch of fostering and apply fertilizer, then blinding;(3)In 4~May, the dose by annual every plant of rubber tree is 0.8~1.2kg, and rubber tree is applied in ditch of fostering and apply fertilizer Special fertilizer, and blinding;Wherein, its active ingredient of rubber tree special fertilizer includes nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide, potassium oxide, magnesia, just Butyl D2EHDTPA triamine, 3,4- dimethyl pyrazoles phosphate and organic matter, each active ingredient are in the ratio of mass fraction: Nitrogen:Phosphorus pentoxide:Potassium oxide:Magnesia:N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide:3,4- dimethyl pyrazole phosphate:Organic matter= (11~15):(7~12):(8~18):(2~4):(0.2~0.4):(0.1~0.2):(3.6~4.8), always Nutrient content is 41.6~43%;(4)In 8~September, coordinate crab rooting ridging and understory species management, the height of understory species is controlled in below 50cm, will planted The weeds of adhesive tape and the understory species under cradling apply ditch green manuring of fostering and apply fertilizer.
- 7. fertilizing method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that:The step(1)Ditch of fostering and apply fertilizer dig in the usual way Ditch, i.e., it is to carry out digging in the strain of rubber tree between-line spacing to foster and apply fertilizer ditch in the gentle rubber plantation of landform;Or the rubber in hillside terraced fields It is to carry out digging every strain in terraced fields inwall to foster and apply fertilizer ditch in garden;Rotation in 2 to three years is once fostered and apply fertilizer the position of ditch.
- 8. fertilizing method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that:The step(1)In foster and apply fertilizer ditch length and width, deep point Wei not be 100,40,40 centimetres.
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