CN104921316A - Self-heating thermal clothes - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides self-heating thermal clothes, and belongs to the field of thermal clothes. The self-heating thermal clothes comprise clothes and a friction electric nano-generator. A heating net is inlaid in the clothes, and the friction electric nano-generator comprises a flexible conducting inner film, a flexible polymer layer and a conducting layer and is connected with the heating net; the friction electric nano-generator can be inlaid in the clothes together with the heating net or can cling to an optional portion of a human body or can be sewn to form the clothes, so that a wearer can wear the friction electric nano-generator and the clothes together. The self-heating thermal clothes have the advantages that kinetic energy generated when the wearer acts is collected and is converted into electric energy for driving the heating net to generate heat, so that self-heating thermal effects can be realized; the self-heating thermal clothes are high in heating efficiency and stable and reliable in performance, a technology for manufacturing the thermal clothes is simple, and the self-heating thermal clothes are low in cost and favorable for industrial popularization and application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to thermal cloth field, be specifically related to a kind of Self-heating thermal garment.
Background technology
Self-heating thermal garment is a kind of self-driven heating and reaches the clothes of warming effect, has a very big significance in daily life and potential application.At present, research about heating warm keeping coat mainly contains: the first is the moisture absorption heating thermal cloth based on some specialty fibers, and in this thermal cloth, the hydrophilic radical of specialty fibers material molecule and water molecules, make hydrone kinetic energy reduce, be converted to heat energy release simultaneously, realize moisture absorption heating.But the specialty fibers cost that this thermal cloth uses is very high, expensive, and along with the prolongation of the time of wearing, the moisture absorption heating performance of fiber sharply declines.The second is the heating underwear based on solar heat-preservation, and it absorbs solar energy by adding particular matter in the fibre and be converted to heat energy, and launch far infrared, warmed in clothes inside.But the performance of this Caloritic clothing is comparatively large by the impact of Changes in weather, and when sunshine is more weak, its heating up efficiency is very low; And the material adopted costly, and cost of manufacture is high.Be finally the Caloritic clothing based on phase-transition heat-storage, it adds temperature-sensitive phase-change material in the fibre, and temperature-sensitive phase-change material can absorb with the form of latent heat, store and release heat, thus reach the effect of heat absorption, heating.But this Caloritic clothing is owing to adding phase change heat storage material, greatly reduce the wearable property of clothes, and heat storage efficiency is low, cost is high.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the defect that background technology exists, propose a kind of with low cost, function admirable, the Self-heating thermal garment that heating efficiency is high.The kinetic energy self produced when Self-heating thermal garment of the present invention is by collecting physical activity, and kinetic energy is converted to electric energy, for driving net with heating function to generate heat, realize Self-heating warming.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of Self-heating thermal garment, comprise the clothes and the electric nano generator of friction that are inlaid with net with heating function 101, the electric nano generator of described friction comprises compliant conductive inner membrance 102, flexible polymer skin 103 and conductive layer 104, and the electric nano generator of described friction is connected with net with heating function 101.
Further, the electric nano generator of described friction can fit in human body any portion, or is embedded in clothes together with net with heating function, or is sewn into clothes and dresses together.
Further, described conduction inner membrance 102 and conductive layer 104 are the voltage and current output electrode of electric nano generator of rubbing; When the electric nano generator of described friction is connected with net with heating function, conduction inner membrance 102 can be connected with net with heating function different parts (bipolar electrode mode) with conductive layer 104, the inner membrance 102 that also can only will conduct electricity is connected with net with heating function (single electrode mode).
Wherein, the electric nano generator of described friction can also be made up of conduction inner membrance 102 and flexible polymer skin 103, described net with heating function is connected with conduction inner membrance 102, when physical activity, the mechanical energy produced is converted to electric energy by generator and Direct driver net with heating function works, and realizes the object of Self-heating warming.
Further, the material of described flexible polymer skin 103 be the strong material of electronic capability, the material of described conduction inner membrance 102 be the weak material of electronic capability.When physical activity, relative displacement occurs for part and the conduction inner membrance 102 of described flexible polymer skin 103 or flexible polymer skin 103 or contact condition changes, thus between the part of drive flexible polymer skin 103 or flexible polymer skin 103 and conduction inner membrance 102, relative sliding occur or keep the continuous contact condition changed, make flexible polymer skin 103 surface band negative electrical charge, conduction inner membrance 102 surface band positive charge, and negative electrical charge is transferred to conductive layer 104 by flexible polymer skin, make to produce transient voltage between conduction inner membrance 102 and conductive layer 104, thus the mechanical energy that health vibrates is electric energy and realizes the output of external electric energy.
Further, described flexible polymer skin 103 differs larger with the electronic capability that obtains of the material of conduction inner membrance 102, and the power output of the electric nano generator that rubs is larger, and the heating power of net with heating function is larger.
Further, can, according to service condition and requirement, bipolar electrode or single electrode mode be selected to realize spontaneous heating flexibly; When wishing that thermal cloth is rapidly heated warming, then bipolar electrode is selected to rub electric nano generator as power source; When wishing that thermal cloth heating rate is lower, then single electrode is selected to rub electric nano generator as power source.Because the rub power output of electric nano generator of bipolar electrode is comparatively large, the rub power output of electric nano generator of single electrode is less, therefore, optionally regulates and controls the heat generating and retention efficiency of Self-heating thermal garment.
Further, described net with heating function is the netted heat radiating structure be embedded in thermal cloth.
Further, described flexible polymer skin 103 is the macromolecule polymer material easily obtaining electronics, is specially polyimides, polyvinyl chloride, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), dimethyl silicone polymer, polypropylene, polyethylene, polystyrene, polyvinylidene chloride, CPPG, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyester, polyisobutene, elastic polyurethane sponge, PETG, polyvinyl butyral resin, polychlorobutadiene, natural rubber, polyacrylonitrile or poly-biphenol carbonic ester etc.
Further, described conduction inner membrance 102 is conductive material, is specially glass carbon, metal, indium tin oxide or alloy etc.; Or for Surface coating, deposition or evaporation have the heterogeneous texture of conductive material, described conductive material is in the face of flexible polymer skin.
Further, described conductive layer 104 is metallic film or indium and tin oxide film etc.
Further, described conductive layer 104 fits tightly with described flexible polymer skin 103; Or pass through the mode of deposition by the outer surface of conductive layer deposition in flexible polymer skin 103.
Further, the thickness of described conduction inner membrance 102 is 1 μm ~ 2mm.
Further, the thickness of described flexible polymer skin 103 is 100nm ~ 1mm.
Further, the thickness of described conductive layer 104 is 200nm ~ 1mm.
Further, described flexible polymer skin 103 is in the face of all or part of micro-structural arranging nanometer, micron or secondary micron dimension in surface of described conduction inner membrance 102, the all or part of micro-structural that nanometer, micron or secondary micron dimension are set in the surface that described conduction inner membrance 102 contacts with flexible polymer skin 103, described micro-structural is nano wire, nanotube, nano particle, nanometer rods, nano flower, nanometer channel, micron trenches, nanocone, micron cone, nanosphere and micron chondritic, and the array formed by aforementioned structure.
Present invention also offers a kind of preparation method of Self-heating thermal garment, comprise the following steps:
Step 1: prepare the conduction inner membrance 102 that inner surface has electric conductivity; The macromolecule polymer material of the electronics that is easy to get is adopted to prepare flexible polymer skin 103; Adopt sedimentation at described flexible polymer skin 103 surface deposition conductive material, form conductive layer 104;
Step 2: the conduction inner membrance 102 that step 1 is obtained and the electric nano generator of the stacked formation friction of the flexible polymer skin 103 depositing conductive layer, be cut to garment shape or other shapes, and make, wherein, in described conduction the one side of film strips electric conductivity in the face of flexible polymer skin 103;
Step 3: the conductive layer 104 step 2 being made the friction electricity nano generator obtained is connected with the net with heating function be embedded in clothes with conduction inner membrance 102 wire;
Step 4: the garment shape that the electric nano generator that step 2 rubbed is made or other shapes are sewed together with the clothes being inlaid with net with heating function, obtain Self-heating thermal garment of the present invention.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, the various mechanical energy produced when Self-heating thermal garment of the present invention adopts the electric nano generator of friction to collect physical activity is also converted into electric energy, drives the net with heating function heating be embedded in clothes, realizes Self-heating warming, energy-conserving and environment-protective; And can according to different application conditions and requirement, select multi-form friction electricity nano generator (bipolar electrode rub electric nano generator or single electrode rub electric nano generator) as the drive source of net with heating function, optionally the heat generating and retention efficiency of Self-heating thermal garment is regulated and controled.
2, Self-heating thermal garment heating efficiency of the present invention is high, stable and reliable for performance; And the technique making thermal cloth is simple, with low cost, is beneficial to industrialized promotion and application.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the Self-heating thermal garment of the electric nano generator that rubs based on bipolar electrode of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the Self-heating thermal garment of the electric nano generator that rubs based on single electrode of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the Self-heating thermal garment of the electric nano generator that rubs based on single electrode of another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples in detail technical scheme of the present invention is described in detail.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of Self-heating thermal garment of the electric nano generator that rubs based on bipolar electrode of one embodiment of the invention; Self-heating thermal garment comprises the clothes that is inlaid with net with heating function 101 and bipolar electrode and to rub electric nano generator, the electric nano generator of described friction comprises compliant conductive inner membrance 102, flexible polymer skin 103 and conductive layer 104, the electric nano generator of described friction is connected with net with heating function 101, conduction inner membrance 102 is in the face of flexible polymer 103, and conduction inner membrance 102 and conductive layer 104 are the voltage and current output electrode of electric nano generator of rubbing.
Further, described net with heating function 101, for being embedded in the netted heat radiating structure of one deck in thermal cloth, can not affect the normal use of clothes.
Further, the electric nano generator of described friction can fit in human body Anywhere or be embedded in clothes, its size can regulate and control according to heating efficiency (under the same conditions, the large heating efficiency of generator area is high, and the little heating efficiency of area is low); Also two electrode slices of the electric nano generator of friction can be made inside and outside two-layer clothes, and be sewed together with the clothes of band net with heating function, drastically increase the power output of generator like this, thus more efficiently drive net with heating function.
Further, because flexible polymer skin 103 material is different from the triboelectricity matter of conduction inner membrance 102 material, there is to obtain the difference of electronic capability therebetween: flexible polymer skin 103 electronic capability is strong and conduct electricity inner membrance 102 and more easily lose electronics.When physical activity, relative displacement can be there is in some part of flexible polymer skin 103 or flexible polymer skin 103 with conduction inner membrance 102, thus keep " contact " continuous change with " separating " or the contact condition of relative sliding between some part of drive flexible polymer skin 103 or flexible polymer skin 103 with conduction inner membrance 102, make flexible polymer skin 103 surface band negative electrical charge, conduction inner membrance 102 surface band positive charge, and negative electrical charge is transferred to conductive layer 104 by flexible polymer skin, make to produce transient voltage between conduction inner membrance 102 and electrode layer 104, thus be electric energy by the mechanical energy of body kinematics, and be used for driving net with heating function 101.
Further, the triboelectricity matter of above-mentioned material refer to material with other materials occur to show in the process rubbing or contact electronic capability, i.e. positively charged during bi-material contact, one is electronegative.Such as, macromolecular material gathers aluminium foil strip positive electricity when contacting with metal material aluminium foil dimethyl siloxane (PDMS), obtains electronic capability more weak, poly-electronegative to dimethyl siloxane (PDMS), obtains electronic capability stronger.
Further, described net with heating function 101 is connected with the two poles of the earth (conduct electricity inner membrance 102 and conductive layer 104) of the electric nano generator of friction, when physical activity, the mechanical energy of generation is converted to electric energy by generator and Direct driver net with heating function works, and realizes the object of Self-heating warming.
Further, described net with heating function 101 is connected (single electrode) with conduction inner membrance 102 1 pole of the electric nano generator of friction, when physical activity, the mechanical energy of generation is converted to electric energy by generator and Direct driver net with heating function works, and realizes the object of Self-heating warming.
Further, can, according to service condition and requirement, bipolar electrode or single electrode mode be selected to realize spontaneous heating flexibly; When wishing that thermal cloth is rapidly heated warming, then bipolar electrode is selected to rub electric nano generator as power source; When wishing that thermal cloth heating rate is lower, then single electrode is selected to rub electric nano generator as power source.Because the rub power output of electric nano generator of bipolar electrode is comparatively large, the rub power output of electric nano generator of single electrode is less, therefore, optionally regulates and controls the heat generating and retention efficiency of Self-heating thermal garment.
Further, described conductive layer 104 and conduction inner membrance 102 are wired to form loop on net with heating function 101, thus drive net with heating function 101 to work.
Further, described flexible polymer skin 103 is the one easily obtained in the macromolecule polymer material of electronics, wherein, llowing group of materials has more and more stronger electronic capability according to the order of arrangement: polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyester, polyisobutene, elastic polyurethane sponge, PETG, polyvinyl butyral resin, polychlorobutadiene, natural rubber, polyacrylonitrile, poly-biphenol carbonic ester, CPPG, polyvinylidene chloride, polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyimides, polyvinyl chloride, dimethyl silicone polymer, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).Reason as space is limited; the present invention can not exemplify all possible material; only list several concrete polymeric material herein for reference; but obviously these concrete materials can not become the restrictive factor of scope; because under the enlightenment of invention, those skilled in the art is easy to the material selecting other similar according to the triboelectric characteristics that these materials have.
Further, when flexible polymer skin 103 material with conduction inner membrance 102 material electronic capability differ larger time, the signal of telecommunication that the electric nano generator of described friction exports is stronger, spontaneous heating efficiency is higher, so, can select according to the differentiated friction electrical property of material, to obtain optimum heating efficiency.
Further, described conductive layer 104 is conductive material, can be selected from metallic film or indium and tin oxide film, be more preferably metallic film, such as aluminium film, golden film, copper film.
Further, described conductive layer 104 should with described flexible polymer skin 103 close contact, to ensure the efficiency of transmission of electric charge, good mode the conductive material forming conductive layer 104 is passed through the outside deposition film forming of mode at described flexible polymer skin 103 of deposition, and concrete deposition process is magnetron sputtering or evaporation etc.
In addition, the present invention does not have particular/special requirement for the material of the described conduction inner membrance 102 of preparation, as long as its surface contacted with flexible polymer skin 103 has electric conductivity, the material with electric conductivity all relatively easily loses electronics, the transfer of electric charge just can be formed when contacting with flexible polymer skin 103, thus produce clean residual electricity lotus, for generating.Conventional conductive material all can be used for the present invention, the such as combination of metal, glass material with carbon element, indium tin oxide ITO conductive material and above-mentioned material.Described metal can be the simple metal such as aluminium, gold, copper, also can be the alloy of various metals.Be only conduct electricity the one side of inner membrance 102 due to what contact with flexible polymer skin 103, so only require that the one side that conduction inner membrance 102 contacts with flexible polymer skin 103 is made up of conductive material, and particular/special requirement there is no to its internal material.Therefore, described conduction inner membrance 102 can be the uniform integrative-structure of component, as glass carbon, single metal or alloy etc., also can be matrix forms conductive material layer on surface heterogeneous texture by method that is coated, that deposit or plate.
Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 is the structural representation of Self-heating thermal garment of the electric nano generator that rubs based on single electrode of the present invention.When to heating up speed or efficiency requirements lower time, can adopt this technology, namely only need one end 102 of the electric nano generator of friction to be connected on net with heating function 101, the other end 104 is unsettled.At this moment, the power output of the electric nano generator that rubs under the same conditions reduces, and programming rate and the heating efficiency of net with heating function 101 also reduce.Fig. 3 is the further simplification to Fig. 2, because the electrode layer 104 of flexible polymer skin 103 is in vacant state, what reality played generating effect is conduction inner membrance 102 and flexible polymer skin 103, therefore, electrode layer 104 can be removed, direct formation single electrode rubs electric nano generator, and is used for driving net with heating function 101.
In an embodiment of the present invention, following methods can be adopted to prepare described Self-heating thermal garment:
First vapour deposition method is adopted to plate one deck copper Cu film (thickness is 200nm) at a surface uniform of the dimethyl silicone polymer of long 10cm × wide 20cm × thick 150 μm, then using one piece of Al film (thickness is 200 μm) as conduction inner membrance, Al film and Cu film draw wire, and is connected on net with heating function; Al film and dimethyl silicone polymer are patted mutually, and be embedded in the temperature of the net with heating function in thermal cloth with thermocouple record, find through after a period of time, in heating warm keeping coat, temperature raises.
This illustrates that based on the rub design of Self-heating thermal garment of electric nano generator of bipolar electrode be successful, can reach the effect of Self-heating warming.
In an alternative embodiment of the invention, following methods can be adopted to prepare Self-heating thermal garment:
Using the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) of a length of a film 20cm × wide 30cm × thick 500 μm as flexible polymer skin, using the Cu film (thickness is 200 μm) of one piece of homalographic size as conduction inner membrance, Cu film is drawn wire and is also connected with carbon fiber heating net; Teflon plate and Cu film are patted mutually, through after a period of time, finds that the net with heating function temperature in thermal cloth raises.
This illustrates that based on the rub design of Self-heating thermal garment of electric nano generator of single electrode be also successful, can reach the effect of Self-heating warming.
In the 3rd embodiment of the present invention, following methods can be adopted to prepare the higher Self-heating thermal garment of heating efficiency:
First vapour deposition method is adopted to plate one deck Cu film (thickness is 300nm) at a surface uniform of the dimethyl silicone polymer of long 5cm × wide 6.5cm × thick 100nm, after cooling, one end of a wire is fixed by welding in the outside of Cu thin layer, realize the connection of Cu thin layer and wire, so form the flexible polymer skin be made up of dimethyl silicone polymer and Cu film and conductive layer; Then using one piece of Al film (thickness is 150 μm) as conduction inner membrance, and draw wire; Together with the dimethyl silicone polymer of band Cu film is laid in Al film, internal layer increases one deck inner layer cloth, outer increase one deck outer layer cloth, inner layer cloth, the electric nano generator that rubs are sewn into dress with common nylon wire or cotton thread from inside to outside with outer layer cloth together with the cloth being laid with net with heating function, and the two poles of the earth of described generator connect net with heating function respectively; When human body have any movable time, rub electric nano generator collecting mechanical energy convert electric energy Direct driver carbon fiber heating net to, and thermal cloth is generated heat.
An important feature of the present invention is exactly all select flexible material, and these materials are not only flexible high, very light weight, and with low cost.
Another important feature of the present invention to adopt the single electrode electric nano generator that rubs to collect the mechanical energy of physical activity and be used for driving net with heating function, break conventional bipolar electrode mentality of designing, greatly simplify structure and preparation technology, save cost, be very beneficial for the promotion and application of Self-heating thermal garment in productive life based on the electric nano generator of friction.
Claims (10)
1. a Self-heating thermal garment, comprise the clothes and the electric nano generator of friction that are inlaid with net with heating function (101), the electric nano generator of described friction comprises compliant conductive inner membrance (102), flexible polymer skin (103) and conductive layer (104), and the electric nano generator of described friction is connected with net with heating function (101).
2. Self-heating thermal garment according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the electric nano generator of described friction fits in human body any portion or is embedded in clothes together with net with heating function.
3. Self-heating thermal garment according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described conduction inner membrance (102) and conductive layer (104) are the voltage and current output electrode of electric nano generator of rubbing; When the electric nano generator of described friction is connected with net with heating function, conduction inner membrance (102) can be connected with net with heating function with conductive layer (104), or only will conduct electricity inner membrance (102) and be connected with net with heating function.
4. Self-heating thermal garment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the electric nano generator of described friction forms by conducting electricity inner membrance (102) and flexible polymer skin (103), and described net with heating function is connected with conduction inner membrance (102).
5. Self-heating thermal garment according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the material of described flexible polymer skin (103) be the strong material of electronic capability, the material of described conduction inner membrance (102) be the weak material of electronic capability.
6. Self-heating thermal garment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the macromolecule polymer material that described flexible polymer skin (103) is the electronics that is easy to get, be specially polyimides, polyvinyl chloride, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), dimethyl silicone polymer, polypropylene, polyethylene, polystyrene, polyvinylidene chloride, CPPG, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyester, polyisobutene, elastic polyurethane sponge, PETG, polyvinyl butyral resin, polychlorobutadiene, natural rubber, polyacrylonitrile or poly-biphenol carbonic ester.
7. Self-heating thermal garment according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the heterogeneous texture that described conduction inner membrance (102) is conductive material or Surface coating, deposition, evaporation have conductive material.
8. Self-heating thermal garment according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the thickness of described conduction inner membrance (102) is 1 μm ~ 2mm; The thickness of described flexible polymer skin (103) is 100nm ~ 1mm.
9. Self-heating thermal garment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described flexible polymer skin (103) arranges nanometer in the face of the surface of conduction inner membrance (102) is all or part of, the micro-structural of micron or secondary micron dimension, the surface that described conduction inner membrance (102) contacts with flexible polymer skin (103) is all or part of arranges nanometer, the micro-structural of micron or secondary micron dimension, described micro-structural is nano wire, nanotube, nano particle, nanometer rods, nano flower, nanometer channel, micron trenches, nanocone, micron cone, nanosphere and micron chondritic, and the array to be formed by aforementioned structure.
10. a preparation method for Self-heating thermal garment, comprises the following steps:
Step 1: prepare the conduction inner membrance (102) that inner surface has electric conductivity; The macromolecule polymer material of the electronics that is easy to get is adopted to prepare flexible polymer skin (103); Adopt sedimentation at described flexible polymer skin (103) surface deposition conductive material, form conductive layer (104);
Step 2: the conduction inner membrance 102 that step 1 is obtained and the electric nano generator of the stacked formation friction of the flexible polymer skin (103) depositing conductive layer, be cut to garment shape or other shapes, and make, wherein, in described conduction the one side of film strips electric conductivity in the face of flexible polymer skin (103);
Step 3: the conductive layer (104) step 2 being made the friction electricity nano generator obtained is connected with the net with heating function be embedded in clothes with wire with conduction inner membrance (102);
Step 4: the garment shape that the electric nano generator that step 2 rubbed is made or other shapes are sewed together with the clothes being inlaid with net with heating function, obtain Self-heating thermal garment of the present invention.
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| CN201510291815.4A CN104921316A (en) | 2015-06-01 | 2015-06-01 | Self-heating thermal clothes |
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| CN106887969A (en) * | 2017-03-15 | 2017-06-23 | 苏州大学 | Self-charging system and wearable electronic based on flexible electric spinning reticular membrane |
| EP3197039A3 (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2018-01-03 | Ricoh Company, Ltd. | Power generating element and power generating device |
| CN108892796A (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2018-11-27 | 浙江理工大学 | A kind of preparation method of silicon carbide nanometer line-carbon nano tube flexible composite heating film |
| CN111838798A (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2020-10-30 | 洪劲 | Heating clothes and preparation method thereof |
| CN112600458A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-04-02 | 河南大学 | Heat-storage temperature-regulation friction nano generator based on phase-change material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN112600458A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-04-02 | 河南大学 | Heat-storage temperature-regulation friction nano generator based on phase-change material and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20150923 |