CN103368454A - Frictional electricity nano-generator, generating clothes and method for manufacturing generating clothes - Google Patents
Frictional electricity nano-generator, generating clothes and method for manufacturing generating clothes Download PDFInfo
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- CN103368454A CN103368454A CN2013101507659A CN201310150765A CN103368454A CN 103368454 A CN103368454 A CN 103368454A CN 2013101507659 A CN2013101507659 A CN 2013101507659A CN 201310150765 A CN201310150765 A CN 201310150765A CN 103368454 A CN103368454 A CN 103368454A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a frictional electricity nano-generator, comprising an inner layer material and an outer layer material, wherein the inner layer material is made of a soft conductive inner film; the outer layer material is made of a soft polymer layer with a conductive layer at the outer face; the inner layer material and the outer layer material are contacted or not; and under the action of external stress, part of or the whole inner face of the polymer layer is contacted or separated from the conductive inner film, so electric signal output is generated between the conductive inner film and the electrode layer. The invention also discloses a generating method and generating clothes by utilizing the frictional electricity nano-generator. The electric signal generated by the generator can drive some small-sized personal electronic products, and electricity can also be stored in a lithium ion battery for charging the lithium ion battery, thus further driving electronic products with larger power.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to friction susceptance rice technical field of power generation, relate in particular to a kind of susceptance rice generator and based on the generating clothes of friction susceptance rice generator of rubbing, and the method for making the generating clothes.
Background technology
The generating clothes refers to other forms of power conversion to be become the clothes of electric energy, its in daily life and the national defense and military aspect very great meaning and potential application are arranged.Up to the present, report about the generating clothes is also fewer, only have the generating clothes of two kinds of forms to be in the news, the first is based on the generating clothes of solar energy, this clothes utilizes the good carbon atom film of pliability transparent material to produce organic photovoltaic battery, drives some personal electric products thereby convert solar energy to electric energy.The performance of this generating clothes often is subject to the impact of Changes in weather, in the situation that sunlight is more weak, its electric energy that sends is very low, and the material that adopts is relatively more expensive, and cost of manufacture is very high; The another kind of generating clothes that just is based on piezoelectric effect, by Australian Union's science and industrial research fabric study, it utilizes people's pressure between human body and clothes, clothes and the clothes in motion process to produce electric power, and this part electric power is used; The Wang Zhonglin of georgia ,u.s.a Institute of Technology professor group has also produced the fexible film based on piezoelectric effect in addition, also can be used for being made into clothes, but, this employing piezoelectric with the clothes shortcoming that mechanical energy converts electric energy to is: cost of manufacture is higher, technique is complicated, and the output electric energy is very low.Because the generating clothes of above these two kinds of forms all has a lot of shortcomings, therefore all also not can be used in the actual productive life.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcoming of prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of simple in structure, stable performance, the microvibration that the novel electricity generator that power output is high, this generator produce when can collection of bodily movable changes into electric energy to the mechanical energy of vibrating.People can utilize this electric energy directly to drive some electronic devices, perhaps electrical power storage in lithium ion battery, thereby realize charging to lithium ion battery.
According to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of friction susceptance rice generator, consisted of by inner layer material and cladding material, wherein:
Described inner layer material is flexible conduction inner membrance;
Described cladding material is the flexible polymer layer that outer surface is provided with conductive layer, and described conductive layer is as the electrode layer of cladding material;
Described inner layer material contacts or does not contact setting with cladding material, when External Force Acting is arranged at described inner layer material and/or cladding material, the all or part of inner surface of polymeric layer can contact with the conduction inner membrance and separate, so that produce the signal of telecommunication between described conduction inner membrance and the electrode layer.
Alternatively, described polymeric layer is made of the macromolecule polymer material that easily obtains electronics.
Alternatively, described macromolecule polymer material is selected from polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyester, polyisobutene, elastic polyurethane sponge, PETG, polyvinyl butyral resin, polychlorobutadiene, natural rubber, polyacrylonitrile, poly-biphenol carbonic ester, CPPG, polyvinylidene chloride, polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyimides, polyvinyl chloride, dimethyl silicone polymer or polytetrafluoroethylene.
Alternatively, described polymeric layer is towards the surperficial all or part of micro-nano structure that arranges of described conduction inner membrance; And/or described conduction lining endothelium is to all or part of micro-nano structure that arranges on the surface of described polymeric layer.
Alternatively, described micro-nano structure is nano wire, nano particle, nanometer rods, nanotube, nano flower or the nano-array that is comprised of nano wire, nanotube or nanometer rods.
Alternatively, the thickness of described polymeric layer is 100 nanometers-100 micron.
Alternatively, the material of described conduction inner membrance is selected from the combination of metal, glass material with carbon element, indium tin oxide ITO electric conducting material and above-mentioned material.
Alternatively, the thickness of described conduction inner membrance is 1 micron-200 microns.
Alternatively, described electrode layer is made of conductive film.
Alternatively, described conductive film is selected from metallic film or indium and tin oxide film.
Alternatively, the conductive film that consists of described electrode layer passes through the mode of deposition in the outside deposition film forming of described polymeric layer.
Alternatively, the thickness of described electrode layer is 200 nanometers-1 micron.
According to a further aspect of the invention, also provide a kind of generating clothes, comprise aforementioned generator.
Alternatively, the inner layer material of described generator and cladding material are sewed together.
Alternatively, described generating clothes also comprises inner layer cloth and outer layer cloth, is sewed together according to the order that is followed successively by from outside to inside outer layer cloth, cladding material, inner layer material and inner layer cloth.
Alternatively, described generating clothes also comprises inner layer cloth and outer layer cloth, be in the same place according to the sequential cascade that is followed successively by from outside to inside outer layer cloth, cladding material, inner layer material and inner layer cloth, wherein,
Described inner layer material is fixed on the surface of described inner layer cloth, and described cladding material is fixed on the surface of described outer layer cloth.
Alternatively, described outer layer cloth and described inner layer cloth are sewed together.
According to a further aspect of the invention, also provide a kind of method of making the generating clothes, said method comprising the steps of:
Step S1 uses the material of electric conductivity to prepare flexible conduction inner membrance 101;
Step S2 uses the macromolecule polymer material that easily obtains electronics to prepare polymeric layer 103;
Step S3 passes through the mode of deposition in the outside deposition film forming of described polymeric layer 103 with electric conducting material, forms electrode layer 102;
Step S4, inner layer material and cladding material cut out the shape of clothes after, inner layer material contact with cladding material or do not contact setting, make the inner surface of described flexible polymer layer 103 in the face of described conduction inner membrance 101; When External Force Acting was arranged, the part or all of inner surface of polymeric layer 103 contacted with conduction inner membrance 101 and separates;
Step S5 after clothes is made moulding, extracts described electrode layer 102 and conduction inner membrance 101 usefulness wires and is connected in test macro, voltmeter or the load.
Alternatively, also comprise after the step S4:
Step S41: the inner layer cloth and the outer layer cloth that are cut into described garment shape are provided;
Step S42: from outside to inside according to the order tiling of outer layer cloth, cladding material, inner layer material and inner layer cloth and the described generating clothes of formation that is sewed together.
Alternatively, also comprise after the step S4:
Step S43: the inner layer cloth and the outer layer cloth that are cut into described garment shape are provided, inner layer material is fixed on the described inner layer cloth, cladding material is fixed on the described outer layer cloth;
Step S44: make inner layer material face cladding material and inner layer cloth and outer layer cloth are sewed together form described generating clothes.
According to a further aspect of the invention, a kind of electricity-generating method also is provided, use aforementioned generator, apply external force at described inner layer material and/or cladding material, the part or all of inner surface that makes polymeric layer contact with the conduction inner membrance and separate, and the generation signal of telecommunication is exported between described conduction inner membrance and the electrode layer.
Alternatively, described method is applicable to comprise the dress of multilayer cloth, wherein, described inner layer material and described cladding material are separately fixed on the adjacent two layers of cloth, wherein, described inner layer material is fixed on the inner layer cloth in the described two layers of cloth, and described cladding material is fixed on the outer layer cloth in the described two layers of cloth;
Describedly apply external force at described inner layer material and/or cladding material and be: by described inner layer cloth and/or outer layer cloth described inner layer material and/or cladding material are applied described external force.
Alternatively, described method is applicable to the generating of working in coordination of two clothes, and wherein, described conduction inner membrance is fixed on the internal layer clothes in described two clothes, and described polymeric layer is fixed on the outer clothes in two clothes;
Describedly apply external force and be at described inner layer material and/or the cladding material of leading: by described internal layer clothes and/or outer clothes described inner layer material and/or cladding material are applied described external force.
Compared with prior art, generating clothes of the present invention has following advantages:
1, adopt first flexible polymer layer and compliant conductive inner membrance as generator, this design does not need substrate, break conventional structure at the bottom of the double-basis that nano generator all adopts in the prior art, dead electricity sublayer, electrode layer have been united two into one, adopted a conduction inner membrance to replace.The range of application of friction susceptance rice generator has been widened in such design, can be applied in widely the fields such as microelectronic component power supply.
2, do not need to arrange separator between the conduction inner membrance of generator and the polymer, thereby simplified greatly structure and the preparation technology of generator, reduced production cost, be very beneficial in industrial promotion and application.
3, make the generating clothes based on the principle of friction susceptance rice generator first, produce the generating clothes with relatively high power output, and stable performance, can be subject to hardly the impact of surrounding environment.
4, utilize the generating clothes of friction susceptance rice generator, the employing of novelty flexible material, not only volume is frivolous, and the microvibration of health is had output, responds very sensitive.
5, the electric energy of friction susceptance rice generator output both can directly drive some electronic devices, also can be stored in the lithium ion battery, and commercial battery is charged with the more powerful electronic device of further driving.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is according to an embodiment of the invention based on the structural representation of friction susceptance rice generator.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the inside and outside two layers of material of the clothes that generates electricity according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a specific embodiment that utilizes the clothes generating, and wherein, Fig. 3 a and Fig. 3 b are the signal of telecommunication spectrogram of exporting under the External Force Acting; Fig. 3 c is practical photograph and the partial enlarged drawing of clothes; Fig. 3 d is that the clothes generating among Fig. 3 c drives 30 photos that the LED lamp is luminous.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described.Obviously, described embodiment only is the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment among the present invention, those of ordinary skills belong to the scope of protection of the invention not making the every other embodiment that obtains under the creative work prerequisite.When the embodiment of the invention was described in detail in detail, for ease of explanation, described schematic diagram was example, and it should not limit the scope of protection of the invention at this.Reference numeral identical in whole accompanying drawings is indicated identical part.Deliberately do not draw accompanying drawing by actual size equal proportion convergent-divergent, focus on demonstrating purport of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is that as shown in Figure 1, described generator is comprised of inner layer material and cladding material according to an embodiment of the invention based on the structural representation of friction susceptance rice generator, wherein:
Described inner layer material is flexible conduction inner membrance 101;
Described cladding material is the flexible polymer layer 103 that outer surface is provided with conductive layer, and described conductive layer is as the electrode layer 102 of polymeric layer 103;
Described inner layer material contacts or does not contact setting with cladding material, when External Force Acting is arranged at described inner layer material and/or cladding material, the all or part of inner surface of polymeric layer 103 can contact with conduction inner membrance 101 and separate, so that produce the signal of telecommunication between described conduction inner membrance and the electrode layer.
Described electrode layer 102 and described conduction inner membrance 101 are wired in the load 104 to consist of the loop; Described electrode layer 102 and described conduction inner membrance 101 also can be directly connected on test macro or the voltmeter by wire and consist of the loop.
Because polymeric layer 103 is different from the triboelectricity matter of conduction inner membrance 101, have to get the difference of electronic capability between the two: polymeric layer 103 electronic capability is strong and conduction inner membrance 101 more easily loses electronics, and, conduction inner membrance 101 and polymeric layer 103 all are flexible materials, therefore when external force (for example body kinematics or vibrations) being arranged when acting on inner layer material or cladding material, relative displacement can occur with conduction inner membrance 101 in some part of polymeric layer 103 or polymeric layer 103, thereby the part inner surface that makes the inner surface of polymeric layer 103 or polymeric layer 103 contacts with conduction inner membrance 101 and separates, so that polymeric layer 103 inner surfaces are with negative electrical charge, conduction inner membrance 101 surfaces are then with positive charge, and polymeric layer 103 is transferred to electrode layer 102 with negative electrical charge, so that produce transient voltage between conduction inner membrance 101 and the electrode layer 102, thereby change the mechanical energy of external force into electric energy realization external signal of telecommunication output, therefore, the outer surface polymeric layer 103 that is prepared with conductive layer and conduction inner membrance 101 have consisted of a friction susceptance rice generator simple in structure.
Repeatedly inner layer material and/or the cladding material of generator are applied external force, so that the contact condition of the continuous variation that contacts and separate is arranged between the part of conduction inner membrance 101 or conduction inner membrance 101 and the polymeric layer 103, thereby between conduction inner membrance 101 and electrode layer 102, produce pulse electrical signal output.The electric energy that this generating clothes sends both can directly be used for driving some electronic devices, also can be first with electrical power storage in lithium ion battery, thereby realize lithium ion cell charging.
The triboelectricity matter of the polymeric layer that relates among the present invention or conduction inner membrance refers to the receiving and losing electrons ability that material shows in the process that with other materials friction occurs or contact, it is bi-material positively charged when contacting, one electronegative, illustrate this bi-material electronic capability is different, that is the triboelectricity matter of the two is different.For example, macromolecular material is poly-when dimethyl siloxane (PDMS) contact with the metal material aluminium foil, and aluminium foil gets the weak positively charged of electronic capability, gather to dimethyl siloxane (PDMS) must electronic capability than the strong band negative electricity.
Found through experiments, when the material of the material of polymeric layer 103 and conduction inner membrance 101 electronic capability when differing larger, the signal of telecommunication of nano generator output is stronger, so, those skilled in the art can select according to the differentiated friction electrical property of material, to obtain best signal of telecommunication output performance.
The thickness of described polymeric layer 103 has no special requirements, and the thickness that is preferably polymeric layer 103 among the present invention is 50 nanometers-500 micron.In order to improve the sensitivity of described friction susceptance rice generator, the thickness of described polymeric layer 103 can be as far as possible thinner, and such as 100 nanometers-100 micron, and the method for preparing this layer polymerization thing layer 103 is the conventional method of this area, does not repeat them here.
The thickness of described conduction inner membrance 101 has not a particular requirement, and its thickness range is preferably 1 micron-200 microns.
In order to improve the signal of telecommunication output performance of generator, preferably at surperficial all or part of the arrange micro-nano structure of polymeric layer 103 towards conduction inner membrance 101, to increase effective contact area of polymeric layer 103 and conduction inner membrance 101, improve the surface charge density of the two, this micro-nano structure is preferably nano wire, nano particle, nanometer rods, nanotube or nano flower, the array that particularly is comprised of nano wire, nanotube or nanometer rods; Described array can be the array by wire, cube or the rectangular pyramid shape of the methods such as photoengraving preparation; In the described array, the size of each array element arrives micron dimension in nanometer.Cell size, the shape of concrete micro-nano structure should in no way limit protection scope of the present invention.
Described electrode layer 102 can be made of conductive film, can be selected from metallic film or indium and tin oxide film, more preferably metallic film, for example aluminium film, golden film, copper film; Electrode layer 102 also can be made of sheet metal, such as aluminium foil, Copper Foil etc.
The thickness of described electrode layer 102 is not done special requirement, and its thickness range is preferably 200 nanometers-1 micron.
Described electrode layer 102 should with described polymeric layer 103 close contacts, to guarantee the efficiency of transmission of electric charge, mode is that the electric conducting material that will consist of electrode layer 102 passes through the mode of deposition in the outside deposition film forming of polymeric layer 103 preferably, and concrete deposition process can be magnetron sputtering or evaporation.
In addition, the present invention does not have specific (special) requirements for the material of the described conduction inner membrance 101 of preparation, as long as have the flexible material of conductivity, material with electric conductivity all relatively easily loses electronics, when contacting with polymeric layer 103, just can form the transfer of electric charge, thereby produce clean residual electricity lotus, be used for generating.Conventional electric conducting material all can be used for the present invention, for example combination of metal, glass material with carbon element, indium tin oxide ITO electric conducting material and above-mentioned material.Described metal can be the simple metal such as aluminium, gold, copper, also can be the alloy of various metals.Because what contact with polymeric layer 103 only is the outer surface of conduction inner membrance 101, thus only require conduction inner membrance 101 to be consisted of by electric conducting material towards the surface of polymeric layer 103, and its internal material is not had specific (special) requirements.Therefore, described conduction inner membrance 101 can be the uniform integrative-structure of component, such as glass carbon, single metal or alloy etc., also can be matrix forms conductive material layer at outer surface by the method that coats, deposits or plate heterogeneous texture.
In order to increase the contact area of described conduction inner membrance 101 and polymeric layer 103, improve surface charge density, conduction inner membrance 101 partly or entirely can be arranged micro-nano structure towards the surface of polymeric layer 103, the position of this micro-nano structure can be corresponding with the micro-nano structure of polymeric layer 103 inner surfaces, also can mutually stagger, the micro-nano structure of the two can be the same or different, as preferably, conduction inner membrance 101 is nano wire towards the micro-nano structure on the surface of polymeric layer 103, nano particle, nanometer rods, nanotube or nano flower are particularly by nano wire, the nano-array that nanotube or nanometer rods form.
In the situation that health has External Force Acting, as long as the contact condition of conduction inner membrance 101 and polymeric layer 103 changes, will produce electric energy.Therefore, between the surface of described conduction inner membrance 101 and polymeric layer 103 inner surfaces in the situation that be not subjected to External Force Acting can not contact (namely having each other the interval) fully, also can partly contact or all remove, the surface of the inner surface of wherein said polymeric layer 103 and the described conduction inner membrance 101 not distance between the contact position is 8mm to 10 μ m, 5mm to 50 μ m preferably, be preferably 1mm to 100 μ m, more preferably 800 μ m to 100 μ m.Under external force, change the part or all of inner surface of polymeric layer 103 and the contact condition between the conduction inner membrance, caused the surface between polymeric layer and the conduction inner membrance that the electric charge transfer occurs.The inner surface that is specifically as follows polymeric layer under external force contact with the conduction inner membrance again and separates, also can for the polymeric layer that contacts with each other and conduction inner membrance under external force polymeric layer the part inner surface with conduct electricity inner membrance contact rear with separate.
In the generator of the present invention, because conduction inner membrance and polymeric layer all adopt flexible material, under external force, the part or all of surface of polymeric layer can contact with the conduction inner membrance and separate, therefore, need to the elastomeric isolation layer that both can be separated be set between the inner membrance in polymeric layer and conduction, be the more simple flexible generator of a kind of structure.
Generator provided by the invention adopts the flexible material preparation, therefore can be used as the part of clothes or clothes, when body kinematics, drive the inner layer material of generator and the contact condition between the cladding material and change, thereby the mechanical energy that body kinematics is produced changes electric energy into.
Generating clothes provided by the invention comprises aforesaid generator.
Generating clothes of the present invention itself just can be a generator, and namely the inner layer material of generator and cladding material itself are exactly the material of clothes, generator directly is prepared into the shape of clothes.
In the generating clothes of the present invention, the inner layer material of generator and cladding material can be sewed together and form the generating clothes.Concrete, inner layer material can only have edge sewing to be in the same place with cladding material, also can be that edge and middle part all are sewed together.Here the concrete sewing position of inner layer material and cladding material should not limit protection scope of the present invention.
Generating clothes of the present invention can also comprise inner layer cloth and outer layer cloth, and being sewed together according to the order that is followed successively by from outside to inside outer layer cloth, cladding material, inner layer material and inner layer cloth forms the generating clothes.Inner layer cloth and outer layer cloth can be for making the cloth commonly used of clothes, and the use of inner layer cloth and outer layer cloth was so that should wear more comfortable by the generating clothes.
In other execution mode of the present invention, inner layer material and the cladding material of generating clothes can also directly not be sewed together, can in the generating clothes, comprise inner layer cloth and outer layer cloth, be in the same place according to the sequential cascade that is followed successively by from outside to inside outer layer cloth, cladding material, inner layer material and inner layer cloth, the inner layer material of generator is fixed on the surface of described inner layer cloth, the cladding material of generator is fixed on the surface of described outer layer cloth.Inner layer cloth and outer layer cloth can be sewed together, and be also can be directly stacked and do not make.Inner layer cloth described here and outer layer cloth can be for making the cloth commonly used of clothes.
According to a further aspect in the invention, also propose a kind of method for preparing above-mentioned generating clothes, said method comprising the steps of:
Step S1 uses the material of electric conductivity to prepare flexible conduction inner membrance 101;
Step S2 uses the polymeric material that easily obtains electronics to prepare polymeric layer 103;
Step S3 passes through the mode of deposition in the outside deposition film forming of described polymeric layer 103 with electric conducting material, forms electrode layer 102.
Step S4, inner layer material and cladding material cut out the shape of clothes after, inner layer material contact with cladding material or do not contact setting, make the inner surface of described flexible polymer layer 103 in the face of described conduction inner membrance 101; When External Force Acting, the part inner surface of polymeric layer 103 inner surfaces or polymeric layer 103 contacts with conduction inner membrance 101 and separates.
Step S5 after clothes is made moulding, draws described electrode layer 102 and conduction inner membrance 101 usefulness wires, can be connected on test macro or the voltmeter, also can be directly connected in the load.
After step S4, can also comprise step S41: provide the inner layer cloth and the outer layer cloth that are cut into described garment shape; Step S42: from outside to inside according to the order tiling of outer layer cloth, cladding material, inner layer material and inner layer cloth and the described generating clothes of formation that is sewed together.
Perhaps, after step S4, can also comprise step S43: the inner layer cloth and the outer layer cloth that are cut into described garment shape are provided, inner layer material is fixed on the described inner layer cloth, cladding material is fixed on the described outer layer cloth.Can also comprise step S44 afterwards: make inner layer material face cladding material and inner layer cloth and outer layer cloth are sewed together form described generating clothes.
Described inner layer cloth and outer layer cloth are the nylon wire, cotton thread etc. of common sewing clothes for making the cloth commonly used of clothes, making line used in the process.
Fig. 2 is the generate electricity typical structure of two layers of material of clothes of the present invention, and among Fig. 2, cladding material 103/102 is coated with metal as the polymeric layer of electrode layer for inner surface, and inner layer material 101 is the conduction inner membrance.This two layers of material is tiled in together, is cut into certain part of clothes or clothes, then go between out from electrode layer 102 and conduction inner membrance 101, can be directly connected to load.Can find out, the core component of generating clothes of the present invention is flexible friction susceptance rice generator, with this nano generator electronic shell and the flexibility of dead electricity sublayer, enlarged areas is become to be similar to the cloth of making clothes the same, then with two layers of cloth and above-mentioned two layers of material in order cutting be made into certain part of dress or clothes.After putting on this clothes, can output electrical signals be electric energy all when health has any slight vibration.
In an embodiment of the present invention, can adopt following methods to prepare described friction susceptance rice generator:
At first adopt vapour deposition method evenly to plate the golden Au film that a layer thickness is 300nm at the lower surface of the dimethyl silicone polymer of the long 5cm of being, the wide 6.5cm of being, the thick 500nm of being, after the cooling end of a wire is fixed by welding in the outside of golden Au film, realize being connected of golden Au film and wire, so form the flexible outer layer material that is consisted of by dimethyl silicone polymer and Au film;
Then with a thickness be the Cu film of 100 μ m as the flexible inner layer material, and draw wire;
At last two layers of material is tiled in together, pat this two layers of material with have gentle hands, signal of telecommunication output is namely arranged, if this just illustrates that using above-mentioned material to prepare generator just can convert mechanical energy to electric energy, this shows that also this friction susceptance rice generator can convert mechanical energy to electric energy simultaneously.
In an embodiment of the present invention, can utilize following method preparation generating clothes:
At first adopt vapour deposition method long be 300nm Cu film for 5cm, wide lower surface for 6.5cm, thick dimethyl silicone polymer for 100nm evenly plate a layer thickness, after the cooling end of a wire is fixed by welding in the outside of Cu film, realize being connected of golden Cu film and wire, so form the flexible outer layer material that is consisted of by dimethyl silicone polymer and Cu film;
Then with a thickness be 150 μ m Al films as the flexible inner layer material, and draw wire;
At last two layers of material is tiled in together, internal layer increases one deck inner layer cloth, and outer one deck outer layer cloth that increases is sewn into dress with common nylon wire or cotton thread from inside to outside with inner layer cloth, described two layers of flexible material and outer layer cloth.
Put on this clothes, shake gently, signal of telecommunication output is namely arranged, this illustrates that this generating clothes can convert mechanical energy to electric energy.
An important feature of the present invention selects inside and outside two layers of flexible material to come sewing clothes exactly, and cladding material is the PDMS film that is prepared with conductive layer, and inner layer material is the conduction inner membrance, and this two layers of material flexibility is high, very light weight, and selected materials is with low cost.
Another important feature of the present invention is to have broken the conventional thinking that original dead electricity sublayer needs substrate support, dead electricity sublayer, basalis and electrode layer are integrated, simplify the structure greatly and preparation technology, saved cost, the promotion and application of susceptance rice generator in industrial production are very beneficial for rubbing.
In addition, generating clothes power output provided by the invention is high, only need health to have small vibration to change mechanical energy into electric energy, and be not subjected to the impact of the environmental factors such as weather, direct drive electronics, also mechanical energy can be converted to electric energy and then be stored in lithium ion battery, realize the charging to battery.
The present invention also provides a kind of electricity-generating method that uses aforementioned generator, apply external force at described inner layer material and/or cladding material, the part or all of inner surface that makes polymeric layer contact with the conduction inner membrance and separate, and the generation signal of telecommunication is exported between described conduction inner membrance and the electrode layer.
Introduce in detail this electricity-generating method in conjunction with Fig. 1, apply external force at conduction inner membrance 101 and/or polymeric layer 103, contact between the part or all of inner surface that makes polymeric layer 103 and the conduction inner membrance 101 and separate, the generation signal of telecommunication is exported between described conduction inner membrance 101 and electrode layer 102.
Preamble the material of conduction inner membrance, polymeric layer and electrode layer is selected and the preparation method is described in detail, and here no longer repeats.
This method can be applied in multiple fields, and particularly the clothes power field particularly can be useful in the generating of the dress that comprises the multilayer cloth, also can be useful in to utilize the generating of working in coordination of two clothes.
For the generating aspect that is useful in the dress that comprises the multilayer cloth, inner layer material and the cladding material of described generator can be separately fixed on the adjacent two layers of cloth, wherein, described conduction inner membrance is fixed on the inner layer cloth in the described two layers of cloth, and described polymeric layer is fixed on the outer layer cloth in the described two layers of cloth.Apply external force at described inner layer material and/or cladding material, be specially: by described inner layer cloth and/or outer layer cloth described inner layer material and/or cladding material are applied described external force.
The External Force Acting that produces when motion is on described two layers of cloth the time, and the part or all of inner surface that drives polymeric layer contacts with the conduction inner membrance and separates, thereby produces the signal of telecommunication between inner membrance and the electrode layer conducting electricity.Conduction inner membrance and the position of polymeric layer on the clothes cloth can be set as required, such as selecting the movable more position such as knee, ancon.
For being useful in two clothes generating aspect that cooperatively interacts, described inner layer material can be fixed on the internal layer clothes in described two clothes, described cladding material is fixed on the outer clothes in described two clothes.Apply external force at described inner layer material and/or cladding material, be specially: by described internal layer clothes and/or outer clothes described inner layer material and/or cladding material are applied described external force.
The External Force Acting that produces when motion is on described two clothes the time, for example pat the open and close movement between two clothes or two clothes, the part or all of inner surface of drive polymeric layer contacts with the conduction inner membrance and separates, thereby between conduction inner membrance and electrode layer, produce the signal of telecommunication, realize the generating of working in coordination of two clothes.Conduction inner membrance and the position of polymeric layer on two clothes can be set as required, such as selecting the movable more position such as knee, ancon.
Fig. 3 is the specific embodiment that utilizes two clothes generatings, among Fig. 3, internal layer clothes 110 can be the clothes such as shirt, outer clothes 120 can be the clothes such as shirt, and conduction inner membrance 101 adopts the Al paper tinsel, and polymeric layer 103 adopts the PDMS film, the inner surface of PDMS film is prepared with nano-wire array, outer surface is electrode layer Cu film, and conduction inner membrance 101 is arranged on the internal layer clothes 110, and the PDMS lower surface is arranged on the outer clothes towards outer clothes 120.When firmly patting outer clothes 120 and internal layer clothes 110 are fitted when separating, PDMS film 103 constantly contacts with Al paper tinsel 101 and separates, and has the signal of telecommunication to export between Cu electrode layer and Al paper tinsel.Fig. 3 a and 3b are the signal of telecommunication spectrogram of exporting under the External Force Acting, and Fig. 3 c is practical photograph and the partial enlarged drawing of clothes; Fig. 3 d is that the clothes generating among Fig. 3 c drives 30 photos that the LED lamp is luminous.Can find out from Fig. 3 d, the electric energy of output can be lighted 30 LED lamps, shows to adopt generating clothes provided by the invention, or utilizes the electricity-generating method of clothes, and the mechanical energy that can easily human motion be produced changes electric energy into and is used.
Need to prove, the inner layer cloth of mentioning among the present invention and outer layer cloth are not particularly limited the internal and external relation of two layers of cloth just in order to distinguish two layers of cloth.Equally, internal layer clothes and outer clothes also just in order to distinguish two clothes, are not particularly limited the internal and external relation of two clothes.
The generating clothes of mentioning among the present invention is the general designation to clothes, is not defined as upper garment, can be underwear, trousers etc.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not the present invention is done any pro forma restriction.Any those of ordinary skill in the art, do not breaking away from the technical solution of the present invention scope situation, all can utilize method and the technology contents of above-mentioned announcement that technical solution of the present invention is made many possible changes and modification, or be revised as the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations.Therefore, every content that does not break away from technical solution of the present invention according to any simple modification, equivalent variations and the modification that technical spirit of the present invention is done above embodiment, all still belongs in the scope of technical solution of the present invention protection.
Claims (23)
1. a friction susceptance rice generator is characterized in that, consisted of by inner layer material and cladding material, wherein:
Described inner layer material is flexible conduction inner membrance;
Described cladding material is the flexible polymer layer that outer surface is provided with conductive layer, and described conductive layer is as the electrode layer of cladding material;
Described inner layer material contacts or does not contact setting with cladding material, when External Force Acting is arranged at described inner layer material and/or cladding material, the all or part of inner surface of polymeric layer can contact with the conduction inner membrance and separate, so that produce the signal of telecommunication between described conduction inner membrance and the electrode layer.
2. generator according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described polymeric layer is made of the macromolecule polymer material that easily obtains electronics.
3. generator according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described macromolecule polymer material is selected from polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyester, polyisobutene, elastic polyurethane sponge, PETG, polyvinyl butyral resin, polychlorobutadiene, natural rubber, polyacrylonitrile, poly-biphenol carbonic ester, CPPG, polyvinylidene chloride, polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyimides, polyvinyl chloride, dimethyl silicone polymer or polytetrafluoroethylene.
4. each described generator is characterized in that according to claim 1-3, and described polymeric layer is towards the surperficial all or part of micro-nano structure that arranges of described conduction inner membrance;
And/or,
Described conduction lining endothelium is to all or part of micro-nano structure that arranges on the surface of described polymeric layer.
5. generator according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described micro-nano structure is nano wire, nano particle, nanometer rods, nanotube, nano flower or the nano-array that is comprised of nano wire, nanotube or nanometer rods.
6. each described generator is characterized in that according to claim 1-5, and the thickness of described polymeric layer is 100 nanometers-100 micron.
7. each described generator is characterized in that according to claim 1-6, and the material of described conduction inner membrance is selected from the combination of metal, glass material with carbon element, indium tin oxide ITO electric conducting material and above-mentioned material.
8. each described generator is characterized in that according to claim 1-7, and the thickness of described conduction inner membrance is 1 micron-200 microns.
9. each described generator is characterized in that according to claim 1-8, and described electrode layer is made of conductive film.
10. generator according to claim 9 is characterized in that, described conductive film is selected from metallic film or indium and tin oxide film.
11. each described generator is characterized in that according to claim 1-10, the conductive film that consists of described electrode layer passes through the mode of deposition in the outside deposition film forming of described polymeric layer.
12. each described generator is characterized in that according to claim 1-11, the thickness of described electrode layer is 200 nanometers-1 micron.
13. a generating clothes is characterized in that, comprises each described generator of claim 1-12.
14. generating clothes according to claim 13 is characterized in that, inner layer material and the cladding material of described generator are sewed together.
15. according to claim 13 or 14 described generating clothes, it is characterized in that, described generating clothes also comprises inner layer cloth and outer layer cloth, is sewed together according to the order that is followed successively by from outside to inside outer layer cloth, cladding material, inner layer material and inner layer cloth.
16. generating clothes according to claim 13 is characterized in that, described generating clothes also comprises inner layer cloth and outer layer cloth, be in the same place according to the sequential cascade that is followed successively by from outside to inside outer layer cloth, cladding material, inner layer material and inner layer cloth, wherein,
Described inner layer material is fixed on the surface of described inner layer cloth, and described cladding material is fixed on the surface of described outer layer cloth.
17. generating clothes according to claim 16, described outer layer cloth and described inner layer cloth are sewed together.
18. a method of making the generating clothes is characterized in that, said method comprising the steps of:
Step S1 uses the material of electric conductivity to prepare flexible conduction inner membrance (101);
Step S2 uses the macromolecule polymer material that easily obtains electronics to prepare polymeric layer (103);
Step S3 passes through the mode of deposition in the outside deposition film forming of described polymeric layer (103) with electric conducting material, forms electrode layer (102);
Step S4, inner layer material and cladding material cut out the shape of clothes after, inner layer material contact with cladding material or do not contact setting, make the inner surface of described flexible polymer layer (103) in the face of described conduction inner membrance (101); When External Force Acting was arranged, the part or all of inner surface of polymeric layer (103) contacted with conduction inner membrance (101) and separates;
Step S5 after clothes is made moulding, extracts described electrode layer (102) and conduction inner membrance (101) and is connected in test macro, voltmeter or the load with wire.
19. method according to claim 18 is characterized in that, also comprises after the step S4:
Step S41: the inner layer cloth and the outer layer cloth that are cut into described garment shape are provided;
Step S42: from outside to inside according to the order tiling of outer layer cloth, cladding material, inner layer material and inner layer cloth and the described generating clothes of formation that is sewed together.
20. method according to claim 18 is characterized in that, also comprises after the step S4:
Step S43: the inner layer cloth and the outer layer cloth that are cut into described garment shape are provided, inner layer material is fixed on the described inner layer cloth, cladding material is fixed on the described outer layer cloth;
Step S44: make inner layer material face cladding material and inner layer cloth and outer layer cloth are sewed together form described generating clothes.
21. electricity-generating method, it is characterized in that, use such as each described generator of claim 1-12, apply external force at described inner layer material and/or cladding material, the part or all of inner surface that makes polymeric layer contact with the conduction inner membrance and separate, and the generation signal of telecommunication is exported between described conduction inner membrance and the electrode layer.
22. electricity-generating method according to claim 21, it is characterized in that, described method is applicable to comprise the dress of multilayer cloth, wherein, described inner layer material and described cladding material are separately fixed on the adjacent two layers of cloth, wherein, described inner layer material is fixed on the inner layer cloth in the described two layers of cloth, and described cladding material is fixed on the outer layer cloth in the described two layers of cloth;
Describedly apply external force at described inner layer material and/or cladding material and be: by described inner layer cloth and/or outer layer cloth described inner layer material and/or cladding material are applied described external force.
23. electricity-generating method according to claim 21, it is characterized in that, described method is applicable to the generating of working in coordination of two clothes, wherein, described conduction inner membrance is fixed on the internal layer clothes in described two clothes, and described polymeric layer is fixed on the outer clothes in two clothes;
Describedly apply external force and be at described inner layer material and/or the cladding material of leading: by described internal layer clothes and/or outer clothes described inner layer material and/or cladding material are applied described external force.
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| CN110093702A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2019-08-06 | 香港理工大学 | The manufacturing method of power generation cloth |
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