CN104904574B - Regulate and control the method for turfgrass heavy metal accumulation using Tupersan and CNT interlayer - Google Patents
Regulate and control the method for turfgrass heavy metal accumulation using Tupersan and CNT interlayer Download PDFInfo
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- CN104904574B CN104904574B CN201510226839.1A CN201510226839A CN104904574B CN 104904574 B CN104904574 B CN 104904574B CN 201510226839 A CN201510226839 A CN 201510226839A CN 104904574 B CN104904574 B CN 104904574B
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Abstract
The invention discloses the method for regulating and controlling turfgrass heavy metal accumulation with CNT interlayer using Tupersan (Siduron).It is to be used as interlayer using oxidation modification CNT, purpose is to utilize interlayer, mitigate Siduron couple with compost Compound Heavy Metals after effect from heavy metal to underground leakage, and for modified carbon nano-tube reparation have heavy metal couple pollute important technical support is provided.The results show：Under Siduron effects, modified carbon nano-tube mixes the addition of each layer, and add percolate total metalses in the heavy metal accumulation amount of Festuca Arundinacea aerial part, modified carbon nano-tube interlayer has reduction than control group.The addition of modified carbon nano-tube reduces the risk that heavy metal is migrated to underground water to a certain extent, and this provides technical support for the practical application of the present invention.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to environmental protection technical field, it is related to a kind of using Siduron (Tupersan) and CNT interlayer
Regulate and control the method for turfgrass heavy metal accumulation.
Background technology
House refuse is the general designation of the solid waste dumped in the people's daily life of city, and China is to domestic waste
Processing more use composting technology.Producing fertilizer from refuse in daily life is sought needed for containing the growth of the various plants such as phosphorus, nitrogen, potassium and organic matter
Material is supported, agricultural can be applied to as organic fertilizer.Nutrient in garbage compost can increase the content of organic matter in nutrient
11.81%-72.12%.There are some researches show the administration of consumer garbage compost can significantly improve Chinese Cabbage Yield.Research finds to utilize
Consumer garbage compost plants tea tree as matrix, than control group volume increase 7% or so.And it regard consumer garbage compost as compounded medium
Topsoil soils production turf is substituted, then is another effective means of garbage compost application.Using consumer garbage compost as material of main part
To cultivate lawn plant, experiment prove compounded medium used can culturing turf, combination property is stronger with soil compared with, respectively applies
Ecological performance such as Weeds distribution and water saving etc. are functional；By studying rye grass and Festuca Arundinacea to being combined domestic waste heap
The Eco response of fertilizer ground substance show that soil is substituted with consumer garbage compost has certain development of resources potentiality.
But due to the most municipal refuse broad categories of China and unprocessed, many Waste ammunitions and life rubbish
Rubbish is stacked jointly, causes content of beary metal in consumer garbage compost higher, and can arrive soil and groundwater with rainfall diafiltration
In, cause the heavy metal pollution of soil；Meanwhile, the biologically effective part of heavy metal may cause weight in the plant of soil surface
Tenor is higher, and is assembled by food chain in human body, and significant damage has been carried out to human body health care belt.Someone passes through with romaine lettuce
To find that the administration of compost has obvious production-increasing function to its yield for real plant, but plant in-vivo heavy metal content increases therewith
It is many.Madrid etc. have studied continuously using garbage compost to heavy metal in soil accumulation and the shadow of biological effectiveness content of beary metal
Ring, as a result find, it is continuous to continue to raise using garbage compost heavy metal in soil content, and biological effectiveness content of beary metal
Also with rise.Heavy metal in the garbage compost bioavailability of heavy metals more intrinsic than in soil is higher, and plant is easier profit
With.There are some researches show in an experiment find corn kernel in Cr, Cd content with compost applied amount increase and increase, with to photograph
38.6% -450% is reached than amplification.Someone studies influence of the compost to Accumulation of heavy metals in wheat body and found, the weight in wheat body
Metal enrichment amount is same with compost consumption into positive correlation.Therefore, producing fertilizer from refuse in daily life is due to promoting the same of plant strain growth
When also increase the enrichment of plant heavy metal, limit the extensive use of consumer garbage compost.
The extensive use of agricultural chemicals, is that the Agriculture Production of countries in the world is made that tremendous contribution.China is as agriculture big
State has promoted pesticide industry from scratch until growing and being formed the system of a cooperative development；The use of agricultural chemicals is promoting me
State's Agriculture Production；Wherein Siduron is the wide class agricultural chemicals of a class amount ratio.
Heavy metal can cause soil productivity to decline, and underground water and crops are polluted, people is directly or indirectly endangered
Poultry health.Experiment shows more than, the available state that can increase heavy metal after Siduron is added into composting substrate and can be with
Coupling effect, which occurs, for heavy metal makes heavy metal accumulation amount showed increased compared with control group in tall grass body.Siduron's adds
Enter and also add content of beary metal in percolate, strengthen heavy metal activity, the increase of leaching risk causes certain to underground water
Pollution.Fixation in situ scheme can be for preventing and treating this phenomenon.Be commonly used as the material of heavy metal in soil fixative have sawdust,
Carbon black, quick lime, phosphate with etc..Experiment finds that aniline reaches the most fast rate of adsorption on untreated CNT,
The adsorbance of maximum is reached on CNT after nitric acid oxidation.
The content of the invention
The present invention is used as interlayer using oxidation modification CNT, it is therefore intended that utilize interlayer, mitigates Siduron and is answered with compost
Close heavy metal coupling after effect from heavy metal to underground leakage, and for modified carbon nano-tube reparation have heavy metal couple pollution carry
For important technical support.
To achieve the above object, the invention discloses following technology contents：
A kind of method that use Siduron regulates and controls turfgrass heavy metal accumulation with CNT interlayer, it is characterised in that press
The steps is carried out：
（1）Under natural light, using pvc pipe, Φ=3cm, h=25cm, every pvc pipe lower end is bound up with gauze, and loads 10g
Cross the sand of 1mm sieves and then interlayer is placed on sand, be highly 5cm, finally 160g compost be placed on interlayer, each
0.3g is sprinkled in pvc pipe and shifts to an earlier date the tall fescue seed that 24h soaked, daily morning and evening running water pours all pvc pipes and led to
Cross weight method adjustment water content；The water content of compost and mixture is maintained at the 60% of its maximum water-holding capacity, indoor temperature and
Relative humidity is respectively 19-24 DEG C, 41-58%, and intensity of illumination is 600-850
（2）Interlayer material：Carrier material dry weight 5g, CNT dry weight 2g are well mixed, and interlayer total height is 5 cm, so
It is molten to add the Siduron for 20mmol/kg having been matched after the Siduron solution that 20mmol/kg has been matched, normal culture 30d afterwards
Liquid is added in composting substrate, is cradled after reserving 1cm after 15d；Aerial part under cradling is placed in 80 °C of baking oven and dried
To weight；
（3）Cradle the rear 2nd day artificial rainwater by 40 mL slowly continuously to pour in pvc pipe, elute one weekly afterwards
Secondary, three times altogether, elution determines volume after terminating, and determines weight in Aboveground Biomass of Young, heavy metal accumulation amount and leaching liquor
Tenor.
Improving high the present invention further discloses the method for regulating and controlling turfgrass heavy metal accumulation using CNT interlayer
Application in fescue grass aerial part heavy metal accumulation amount, reduction percolate in terms of total metalses.Particularly in reduction heavy metal
Application in terms of underground water migrates risk.
Heavy metal of the present invention is referred to：Cu, Cd, Cr, Pb and Zn.
Described modified carbon nano-tube particle diameter is 20-40nm, specific surface area ＞ 110m2/ g, ash content ＜ 8 wt%, purity ＞
90 wt% ,-COOH content are 1.43wt%；Carrier material selects sawdust, and moisture content 30% crosses 2mm sieves, in 70 DEG C of dry 24h.
More detailed description of the present invention is as follows：
1 develops materials and methods
1.1 material to be tested
Choose and be used as matrix purchased from the consumer garbage compost of Tianjin little Dian garbage composts treatment plant.By rubbish heap before experiment
The bulk debris such as plastic sheeting, brick and tile, stone and glass in fertilizer are removed.After air-drying, 2 mm sieves are crossed, it is standby.Compost physics and chemistry
Matter is：PH 7.62, the gkg of the content of organic matter 221.25-1, the full gkg of nitrogen 13.48-1, the gkg of available phosphorus 0.078-1, C/
N is 8.37, the mLg of saturation moisture content 0.76-1, the gmL of unit weight 0.85-1；Heavy metal（Cd、Cr、Cu、Pb、Zn）Content is distinguished
For 1.97,67.00,238.73,172.11 and 496.38 mgkg-1.Lawn plant selects Festuca Arundinacea（Festuca arundinacea L.）.
Siduron (Tupersan) is turf herbicides special, and chemical name is N- (2- methylcyclohexyls)-N- phenyl
Urea, molecular formula is C14H20N2O, relative molecular mass is 232.32.Structural formula is as follows：
Siduron is purchased from the safe ornamental plant protection technique research institute in Zhengzhou City lawn used in this experiment, and purity is 99.5%
Analysis it is pure.
Modified carbon nano-tube（IMC6-CH）Space high-tech new material company is won purchased from Beijing, particle diameter is 20-40nm, compares surface
Product ＞ 110m2/ g, ash content ＜ 8 wt%, purity ＞ 90 wt% ,-COOH content are 1.43wt%.
Carrier material selects sawdust, and purchased from Tianjin the lucky star wood-working factory, moisture content 30% crosses 2mm sieves, in 70 DEG C of dryings
It is standby after 24h.
The preparation of 1.2 artificial rainwater
Simulating natural condition descending water washes away influence to matrix environment, according to Han Yu（2008）Investigate whole day Jinshi City precipitation
PH value range is 4.00-8.24, year average be 5.59, belong to acid precipitation.This experiment (NH4)2SO4、Na2SO4、K2SO4、
MgSO4、Ca(NO3)2、Mg(NO3)2、H2SO4Make SO4 2-、NO3-、Cl-、NH+、Mg2+、Ca2+、K+、Na+Concentration is respectively
14.96th, 6.54,1.68,3.71,0.82,1.38,0.64 and 0.78 mgL-1Rainwater, and with HCl allotment pH be 5.59, with
Used during standby leaching.
1.3 experimental design
This tests and carried out under natural light indoors.Test chamber is pvc pipe（Φ=3cm, h=25cm）, every pvc pipe lower end
Bind up with gauze, load 10g and cross the sand of 1mm sieves and then interlayer is placed on sand, be highly 5cm, finally by 160g compost
It is placed on interlayer.0.3g is sprinkled in each pvc pipe and shifts to an earlier date the tall fescue seed that 24h soaked, and is poured sooner or later with running water daily
All pvc pipes of filling simultaneously adjust water content by weight method.The water content of compost and mixture is set to be maintained at its maximum water-holding capacity
60%.Indoor temperature and relative humidity is respectively 19-24 DEG C, and 41-58%, intensity of illumination is 600-850
Interlayer material distinguishes CK groups：Without interlayer；Treatment group：Carrier material sawdust（Processing I）Received with carrier material+carbon modified
Mitron（IMC6-CH）（Processing II）.I carrier material is wherein handled for 12.5 g, is highly 5 cm；Handle II carrier material and carbon
Nanotube is 1 according to volume ratio:1（Carrier material dry weight 5g, CNT dry weight 2g）Well mixed, interlayer total height is 5
cm。
Every group of processing is separately added into the Siduron solution that 20mmol/kg matched and tested, each 3 repetitions of processing.
Totally 9 groups, 27 pvc pipes（Table 1）
The different disposal scheme of the interlayer of table 1 and Siduron
The Siduron solution matched according to 20mmol/kg is added in composting substrate respectively after normal culture 30d,
Cradled after reserving 1cm after 15d；Aerial part under cradling is placed in 80 °C of baking oven and dried to weight.
Cradle latter 2nd day and respectively slowly continuously pour 40 mL artificial rainwater in each pvc pipe, afterwards weekly
Elute once, three times altogether.Elution determines volume after terminating.Respectively determine Aboveground Biomass of Young, heavy metal accumulation amount and
Content of beary metal in leaching liquor.
1.4 Analysis of Heavy Metals
The measure of content of beary metal：, use nitric acid：Perchloric acid：Sulfuric acid（8∶1∶1）The 0.15g weighed is done at 120-140 DEG C
After being cleared up under careless sample, resulting solution is settled to 25 mL with distilled water；Leacheate measures 5 mL HNO3And HClO4In 120-
Cleared up under 140 °C, resulting solution distilled water constant volume to 50 mL.Experiment agents useful for same is to analyze pure, 2 molL-1Nitric acid
With distilled water rinse 3 times after cleaning vessel used, then dried in fume hood.Filtrate is filtered through filter paper.Finally utilize
TAS-990 atomic absorption spectrophotometers determine heavy metal in digestive juice（Cu, Cd, Cr, Pb and Zn）Content.
1.5 data processing
Data are all the average value and standard deviation of 3 repetitions in text, and the data obtained is carried out using the softwares of SPSS 11.7
Compare the single factor test ANOVA statistical analyses in average.
2 development results are analyzed
2.1 modified carbon nano-tube interlayers act on Siduron the influence of lower composting substrate Festuca Arundinacea ground biomass
What table 2 was represented is the influence that modified carbon nano-tube acts on Siduron lower Festuca Arundinacea ground biomass.Can from table
With draw every kind of medicine addition interlayer after compared with the control, Festuca Arundinacea overground part fresh weight has significant difference.Dry weight part with
Control group is compared to also variant notable.
The modified carbon nano-tube of table 2 acts on Siduron the influence of lower Festuca Arundinacea ground biomass（g/dm2）
Note：With column data, different letters represent significant difference（P<0.05）.
2.2 addition modified carbon nano-tubes act on Siduron the influence of lower Festuca Arundinacea heavy metal accumulation
The influence that modified carbon nano-tube acts on Siduron lower Festuca Arundinacea aerial part heavy metal concentration and enriching quantity is shown in Table
3.By carrier material+IMC6-CH treatment groups, carrier material treatment group and CK groups it was found that, addition Siduron after, it is various heavy
Metal reaches Cmax in carrier material+IMC6-CH treatment groups, and otherness is notable compared with the control.Siduron makees
Under, the trend of carrier material+IMC6-CH processing ＞ carrier material processing ＞ controls is equally presented in heavy metal accumulation amount.
The modified carbon nano-tube of table 3 acts on Siduron the influence of lower Festuca Arundinacea aerial part content of beary metal and enriching quantity
Note：The different letters of data of going together represent significant difference（P<0.05）.
2.3 addition modified carbon nano-tubes act on Siduron the influence of content of beary metal in lower percolate
What table 4 was represented is the influence that modified carbon nano-tube acts on Siduron total metalses in lower percolate.By inciting somebody to action
Carrier material treatment group and carrier material+IMC6-CH treatment groups are compared discovery with control group, and the two is significantly reduced
Total metalses in percolate, under Siduron effects, percolate total metalses in carrier material+IMC6-CH treatment groups
There is reduction than control group.
The modified carbon nano-tube of table 4 acts on Siduron the influence of total metalses in lower effusion（ug）
Note：The different letters of data of going together represent significant difference（P<0.05）.
3 develop conclusion
Under Siduron effects, modified carbon nano-tube mixes the addition of each layer, hence it is evident that reduce the geodyte of Festuca Arundinacea
Amount, and otherness is notable compared with the control.Carrier material interlayer and modified carbon nano-tube mixing interlayer are than control group increase
The heavy metal accumulation amount of Festuca Arundinacea aerial part, in the presence of Siduron, heavy metal accumulation amount equally shows carrier material
The trend of material+IMC6-CH processing ＞ carrier material processing ＞ controls.Under Siduron effects, modified carbon nano-tube interlayer counterweight
Significantly, its effect is substantially better than in carrier material treatment group, modified carbon nano-tube interlayer and is percolated metal leaching migration iris action
Liquid heavy metal total amount has reduction than control group, it is seen then that the addition of modified carbon nano-tube reduces heavy metal to a certain extent
The risk migrated to underground water, technical support is provided for its practical application.
Embodiment
In order to more fully explain the implementation of the present invention, there is provided following preparation method embodiments.These embodiments are only
Only it is to explain rather than limitation the scope of the present invention.Needing special instruction is：Reagent used in the present invention is commercially available.
Embodiment 1
Regulate and control the method for turfgrass heavy metal accumulation using Siduron and CNT interlayer：
（1）Under natural light, using pvc pipe, Φ=3cm, h=25cm, every pvc pipe lower end is bound up with gauze, and loads 10g
Cross the sand of 1mm sieves and then interlayer is placed on sand, be highly 5cm, finally 160g compost be placed on interlayer, each
0.3g is sprinkled in pvc pipe and shifts to an earlier date the tall fescue seed that 24h soaked, daily morning and evening running water pours all pvc pipes and led to
Cross weight method adjustment water content；The water content of compost and mixture is maintained at the 60% of its maximum water-holding capacity, indoor temperature and
Relative humidity is respectively 19 DEG C, and 41%, intensity of illumination is 600
（2）Interlayer material：Carrier material dry weight 5g, CNT dry weight 2g are well mixed, and interlayer total height is 5 cm, so
It is molten to add the Siduron for 20mmol/kg having been matched after the Siduron solution that 20mmol/kg has been matched, normal culture 30d afterwards
Liquid is added in composting substrate, is cradled after reserving 1cm after 15d；Aerial part under cradling is placed in 80 °C of baking oven and dried
To weight；
（3）Cradle the rear 2nd day artificial rainwater by 40 mL slowly continuously to pour in pvc pipe, elute one weekly afterwards
Secondary, three times altogether, elution determines volume after terminating, and determines weight in Aboveground Biomass of Young, heavy metal accumulation amount and leaching liquor
Tenor.
Embodiment 2
Regulate and control the method for turfgrass heavy metal accumulation using Siduron and CNT interlayer：
（1）Under natural light, using pvc pipe, Φ=3cm, h=25cm, every pvc pipe lower end is bound up with gauze, and loads 10g
Cross the sand of 1mm sieves and then interlayer is placed on sand, be highly 5cm, finally 160g compost be placed on interlayer, each
0.3g is sprinkled in pvc pipe and shifts to an earlier date the tall fescue seed that 24h soaked, daily morning and evening running water pours all pvc pipes and led to
Cross weight method adjustment water content；The water content of compost and mixture is maintained at the 60% of its maximum water-holding capacity, indoor temperature and
Relative humidity is respectively 24 DEG C, and 58%, intensity of illumination is 850
（2）Interlayer material：Carrier material dry weight 5g, CNT dry weight 2g are well mixed, and interlayer total height is 5 cm, so
It is molten to add the Siduron for 20mmol/kg having been matched after the Siduron solution that 20mmol/kg has been matched, normal culture 30d afterwards
Liquid is added in composting substrate, is cradled after reserving 1cm after 15d；Aerial part under cradling is placed in 80 °C of baking oven and dried
To weight；
（3）Cradle the rear 2nd day artificial rainwater by 40 mL slowly continuously to pour in pvc pipe, elute one weekly afterwards
Secondary, three times altogether, elution determines volume after terminating, and determines weight in Aboveground Biomass of Young, heavy metal accumulation amount and leaching liquor
Tenor.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of method that use Tupersan regulates and controls turfgrass heavy metal accumulation with CNT interlayer, it is characterised in that by as follows
The step of carry out：
（1）Under natural light, using pvc pipe, Φ=3cm, h=25cm, every pvc pipe lower end is bound up with gauze, and loads 10g mistakes
Then interlayer is placed on sand by the sand of 1mm sieves, is highly 5cm, finally 160g compost is placed on interlayer, each PVC
0.3g is sprinkled in pipe and shifts to an earlier date the tall fescue seed that 24h soaked, and pours all pvc pipes and by claiming with running water sooner or later daily
Weight method adjustment water content；The water content of compost and mixture is set to be maintained at the 60% of its maximum water-holding capacity, indoor temperature and relative
Humidity is respectively 19-24 DEG C, 41-58%, and intensity of illumination is
（2）Interlayer material：Carrier material dry weight 5g, CNT dry weight 2g are well mixed, and interlayer total height is 5 cm, Ran Houjia
Enter the Tupersan solution that 20mmol/kg has been matched, the Tupersan solution for 20mmol/kg having been matched after normal culture 30d is added
Into composting substrate, cradled after reserving 1cm after 15d；Aerial part under cradling is placed in 80 °C of baking oven and dried to weight；
（3）Cradle the rear 2nd day artificial rainwater by 40 mL slowly continuously to pour in pvc pipe, elute weekly once afterwards,
Three times altogether, elution determines heavy metal in volume, measure Aboveground Biomass of Young, heavy metal accumulation amount and leaching liquor after terminating
Content；Wherein described modified carbon nano-tube particle diameter is 20-40nm, specific surface area ＞ 110m2/ g, ash content ＜ 8 wt%, purity ＞
90 wt% ,-COOH content are 1.43wt%；Carrier material selects sawdust, and moisture content 30% crosses 2mm sieves, in 70 DEG C of dry 24h.
2. the method for regulating and controlling turfgrass heavy metal accumulation described in claim 1 using Tupersan and CNT interlayer is improving high
Total metalses, reduction heavy metal are in terms of underground water migration in fescue grass aerial part heavy metal accumulation amount, reduction percolate
Using.
3. regulate and control the method for turfgrass heavy metal accumulation, wherein institute described in claim 1 with CNT interlayer using Tupersan
The heavy metal stated is referred to：Cu, Cd, Cr, Pb and Zn.
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| CN106105455A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-11-16 | 天津师范大学 | The method using carbon nanomaterial regulation and control lawn composting substrate Cr form and distribution |
| CN106069666A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-11-09 | 天津师范大学 | The method using carbon nanomaterial regulation and control lawn composting substrate Zn form and distribution |
| CN106069246A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-11-09 | 天津师范大学 | The method using carbon nanomaterial regulation and control lawn composting substrate Cu form and distribution |
| CN106105453A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-11-16 | 天津师范大学 | The carbon nanomaterial regulation and control method to compost extraction heavy metal competitive Adsorption |
| CN106105457A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-11-16 | 天津师范大学 | Carbon nanomaterial improves the method for lawn composting substrate Trichoderma spp. quantity |
| CN106105454A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-11-16 | 天津师范大学 | The method using carbon nanomaterial regulation and control lawn composting substrate Cd form and distribution |
| CN106105456A (en) * | 2016-06-21 | 2016-11-16 | 天津师范大学 | Use carbon nanomaterial regulation and control lawn composting substrate actinomycetes identification and analysis method |
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