CN104897959A - Distributed physical quantity detection method based on frequency spectrum scanning and device thereof - Google Patents
Distributed physical quantity detection method based on frequency spectrum scanning and device thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a distributed physical quantity detection method based on frequency spectrum scanning and a device thereof. The method comprises the following steps: 1) signals are transmitted to a measured object at an equal frequency interval: f=1deltaf, 2delatf, 3deltaf,..., ndeltaf, f is a scanning frequency, and delatf is a frequency interval; 2) a signal receiving circuit receives a frequency domain response X(f): X(1deltaf), X(2deltaf), X(3deltaf),..., X(ndeltaf), of the measured object; 3) a reverse translation step is carried out in the frequency domain, and X3(f) is acquired; 4) inverse discrete Fourier transform is carried out on the X3(f), and x3(t) is acquired; and 5) a measurement result, that is, a time domain signal x(t) is acquired from x3(t). According to the detection method and the device thereof provided by the invention, strong pulses do not need to be emitted, and requirements for devices are low; a DC component in the frequency spectrum does not need to be measured, DC calibration or compensation does not need to be carried out, difficulty for measuring the DC component in the frequency spectrum can be totally avoided, and errors caused by system DC drift can be excluded.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of detection method, particularly a kind of distributed physical amount detection method based on spectrum scan.
Background technology
Most of remote distributed measuring technique adopts transmitting pulse signal, then receives the signal reflected and carries out remote distributed measurement, be i.e. time domain measurement method.Due to the loss of signal when propagating, time domain measurement method needs to launch powerful pulse signal to improve range and precision.In addition, owing to there is the DC shift of electronic devices and components, the DC component measured exactly in frequency spectrum is very difficult.Existing spectrum scan technology adopts the method for DC compensation or calibration to realize measuring, but its complex steps, at substantial computational resource and computing time, and still there is DC error.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention be to provide a kind of eliminate DC shift cause the distributed physical amount detection method based on spectrum scan of error.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of distributed physical amount detection method based on spectrum scan, comprising the steps:
1) transmit to measured object with equifrequent interval, f=1 Δ f, 2 Δ f, 3 Δ f ..., n Δ f, f are sweep frequency, and Δ f is frequency interval, and n Δ f is the maximum frequency of scanning frequency spectrum;
Frequency interval Δ f satisfies condition: Δ f≤v/4L, and wherein v is the velocity of propagation of signal, and L is target scale to be measured;
2) frequency domain response signal X (f) of measured object is received: X (1 Δ f), X (2 Δ f), X (3 Δ f) ..., X (n Δ f);
3) to step 2) result that obtains carries out time domain reversion translation calculation, comprises the steps:
1. X (f) is multiplied by the factor-1 and obtains X
1(f),
X
1(f)＝-X(f)；
2. by X
1f () be translation D on a timeline, D satisfies condition: (v/ (2 Δ f)-L) >D>L, and wherein v is the velocity of propagation of signal, and L is target scale to be measured,
X
2(f)＝X
1(f)e
-j4πfD
3. by X (f) and X
2f () is added and obtains X
3(f),
X
3(f)＝X(f)+X
2(f)＝X(f)+X
1(f)e
-j4πfD＝X(f)-X(f)e
-j4πfD
4) to X
3f () carries out inverse discrete Fourier transformer inverse-discrete, obtain x
3(t);
5) from x
3t () obtains time-domain signal x (t).
According to one embodiment of present invention, sinusoidal modulation signal is launched with equifrequent interval to measured object.
The present invention also provides a kind of distributed physical amount detecting devices based on spectrum scan, comprising:
One signal transmitter unit, described signal transmitter unit transmits to measured object with equifrequent interval, f=1 Δ f, 2 Δ f, 3 Δ f ..., n Δ f, f are sweep frequency, and Δ f is frequency interval, and n Δ f is the maximum frequency of scanning frequency spectrum;
Frequency interval Δ f satisfies condition: Δ f≤v/4L, and wherein v is the velocity of propagation of signal, and L is target scale to be measured;
One signal receiving unit, comprise signal storage and processing unit, described signal receiving unit receives frequency domain response signal X (f) transmitted of described signal transmitter unit: X (1 Δ f), X (2 Δ f), X (3 Δ f) ..., X (n Δ f), described signal storage and processing unit carry out time domain reversion translation calculation to described frequency domain response signal X (f), and step is as follows:
1. X (f) is multiplied by the factor-1 and obtains X
1(f),
X
1(f)＝-X(f)；
2. by X
1f () be translation D on a timeline, obtain X
2(f), D satisfies condition: (v/ (2 Δ f)-L) >D>L, and wherein v is the velocity of propagation of signal, and L is target scale to be measured,
X
2(f)＝X
1(f)e
-j4πfD
3. by X (f) and X
2f () is added and obtains X
3(f),
X
3(f)＝X(f)+X
2(f)＝X(f)+X
1(f)e
-j4πfD＝X(f)-X(f)e
-j4πfD
4. couple X
3f () carries out inverse discrete Fourier transformer inverse-discrete, obtain x
3(t)
5. from x
3t () obtains time-domain signal x (t).
According to one embodiment of present invention, described signal transmitter unit comprises modulation signal generator, driving circuit and the laser instrument of connecting successively.
According to one embodiment of present invention, described signal receiving unit also comprises light-receiving amplifier and demodulator circuit, and described light-receiving amplifier, demodulator circuit and signal storage and processing unit are connected successively.
According to one embodiment of present invention, described signal transmitter unit launches sinusoidal modulation signal with equifrequent interval.
A kind of distributed physical amount detection method based on spectrum scan of the present invention and device thereof, do not need to launch high power pulse, low to the requirement of signal source, and do not need to measure the DC component in frequency spectrum, therefore eliminates system dc and to drift about the error caused.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The above and other features of the present invention, character and advantage become more obvious by passing through below in conjunction with the description of drawings and Examples, wherein:
Fig. 1 is schematic diagram time-domain signal x (t) being carried out to time domain reversion translation in one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the measurement mechanism of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the linear coordinate schematic diagram to the spatial domain result that the direct inverse fourier transform of measured spectral response obtains.
Fig. 4 is the absolute value logarithmic coordinate schematic diagram to the spatial domain result that the direct inverse fourier transform of measured spectral response obtains.
Fig. 5 is the linear coordinate schematic diagram of spectral response spatial domain result that inverse fourier transform obtains after time domain reversion translation of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is the absolute value logarithmic coordinate schematic diagram of spectral response spatial domain result that inverse fourier transform obtains after time domain reversion translation of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 7 is the first half spatial domain result schematic diagram obtained from the spatial domain result of Fig. 6 of one embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiments and the drawings, the invention will be further described; set forth more details in the following description to fully understand the present invention; but the present invention obviously can implement with multiple this alternate manner described that is different from; those skilled in the art can when doing similar popularization, deduction without prejudice to when intension of the present invention according to practical situations, therefore should with content constraints protection scope of the present invention of this specific embodiment.
The present invention realizes obtaining real result in time domain when the DC component disappearance of frequency spectrum through inverse fourier transform, have employed time domain reversion shift method.The method is based on a hypothesis, and namely object to be measured is time-domain finite, that is beyond limited time domain, measured physical quantity is zero, and this hypothesis meets most practical applications.The object of the method artificially builds by time domain reversion shift method the object to be measured that a total DC component is zero, and real measured physical quantity remains unchanged in time domain reversion translation.
The time domain reversion shift method principle adopted in the present invention is as follows:
The first step, is namely multiplied by the factor-1 by time-domain function to be measured reversion, becomes x
1(t):
x
1(t)＝-x(t)
Second step, by x
1t () be translation D on a timeline, D is greater than the time domain yardstick of x (t), becomes x
2(t):
x
2(t)＝x
1(t-D)
3rd step, by the function x after field object x (t) time to be measured and translation
2t () is added, obtain x
3(t):
x
3(t)＝x(t)+x
2(t)＝x(t)–x(t-D)
Fig. 1 is schematic diagram time-domain signal x (t) being carried out to time domain reversion translation in one embodiment of the invention.As shown in the figure, by time-domain function x (t) after time domain reversion shift method, x is obtained
3(t), x
3t () is made up of two segment of curve.X
3t () is exactly the function after time domain reversion translation, the DC component of its frequency spectrum is zero.And x
3field object x (t) when () complete packet contains to be measured t.Detection method of the present invention has come based on time domain reversion shift method, first records spectral response, then obtains the object x to be measured that the total DC component of time domain reversion constructed by translation is zero
3the Fourier transform X of (t)
3f (), then to X
3f () carries out inverse fourier transform just can obtain x
3(t), thus restore result x (t) to be measured.
A kind of distributed physical amount detection method based on spectrum scan of the present invention, comprises the steps:
1) sinusoidal modulation signal is launched with equifrequent interval to measured object, f=1 Δ f, 2 Δ f, 3 Δ f ..., n Δ f, f are sweep frequency, and Δ f is frequency interval, and Δ f is the minimum frequency of scanning frequency spectrum, and n Δ f is the maximum frequency of scanning frequency spectrum;
The range of this method is v/ (4 Δ f), and frequency interval or minimum frequency Δ f must satisfy condition: Δ f≤v/4L, and wherein v is the velocity of propagation of signal, and L is target scale to be measured;
2) frequency domain response signal X (f) of measured object is received: X (1 Δ f), X (2 Δ f), X (3 Δ f) ..., X (n Δ f), these responses are the plural numbers containing real part and imaginary part;
3) to step 2) result carry out time domain reversion translation calculation, only need the frequency domain response signal data of above-mentioned steps in this step, and do not need other excessive datas.
1. carry out reversing in time domain and be namely multiplied by the factor-1, be equivalent at frequency domain and X (f) reversion is obtained X
1(f), X
1(f)=-X (f);
2. the result after above-mentioned time domain being reversed is at time domain translation D, for avoiding the signal overlap after the signal before translation and translation, D must meet: (v/ (2 Δ f)-L) >D>L, is equivalent to X at frequency domain
1f () is multiplied by factor e
-j4 π fDobtain X
2(f),
X
2(f)＝X
1(f)e
-j4πfD
Because detectable signal is launched away, reflect again, therefore in above-mentioned calculating, translational movement D is multiplied by 2;
3. by X (f) and X
2f () is added and obtains X
3(f), this X
3f the DC component of () is zero, namely when f=0Hz, and X
3(f)=0,
X
3(f)＝X(f)+X
2(f)＝X(f)+X
1(f)e
-j4πfD＝X(f)-X(f)e
-j4πfD
4) at X
3(0) to X when=0
3f () carries out inverse discrete Fourier transformer inverse-discrete, obtain x
3(t)
5) from x
3t () obtains measurement result and time-domain signal x (t), x
3t () comprises the identical but copy of the measurement result that symbol is contrary of two shapes, latter one in these two copies is the previous result that translation D obtains after time domain reversion, and previous copy is exactly required measurement result x (t).
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the measurement mechanism of one embodiment of the invention.As shown in the figure, signal transmitter unit 1 comprises modulation signal generator 3, driving circuit 4 and the laser instrument 5 of connecting successively, and signal receiving unit 2 comprises light-receiving amplifier 8, demodulator circuit 7 and the signal storage and processing unit 6 of connecting successively.
Modulation signal generator 3 produces the sine wave of certain frequency, in setting frequency spectrum, carry out frequency sweeping at equal intervals, f=1 Δ f, 2 Δ f, 3 Δ f ..., n Δ f, n Δ f, does not wherein comprise DC component f=0.Driving circuit 4 receives the signal of modulation signal generator 3, and produce drive current, drive laser 5, laser instrument 5 launches the laser signal be modulated sinusoidally.Laser signal enters the roll of optical fiber 10 of one section of about 20km through optical coupler 9.In roll of optical fiber 10, the Rayleigh back-reflection of each point enters light-receiving amplifier 8 through optical coupler 9.Light-receiving amplifier 8 receives and amplifies photoelectric conversion signal, and light-receiving amplifier 8 adopts AC coupling, does not need to measure DC component, entirely eliminated the error that system dc drift produces.Signal after demodulator circuit 7 demodulation amplification, obtains response signal X (f): X (1 Δ f) of each frequency, X (2 Δ f), X (3 Δ f),, X (n Δ f), does not wherein comprise DC component X (0).Signal storage and processing unit 6 pairs of frequency domain responses signal X (f) carry out computing and obtain time domain measurement result x (t), i.e. fibre loss family curve.
Wherein signal storage and processing unit 6 pairs of frequency domain responses signal X (f) calculate, and step is as follows:
1) X (f) is multiplied by the factor-1, obtains X
1(f),
X
1(f)＝-X(f)；
2) by X
1f () is multiplied by factor e
-j4 π fDobtain X
2(f), for avoiding the signal overlap after the signal before translation and translation, D must meet: (v/ (2 Δ f)-L) >D>L,
X
2(f)＝X
1(f)e
-j4πfD
3) by X (f) and X
2f () is added and obtains X
3(f),
X
3(f)＝X(f)+X
2(f)＝X(f)+X
1(f)e
-j4πfD＝X(f)-X(f)e
-j4πfD
4) at X
3(0) to X when=0
3f () carries out inverse discrete Fourier transformer inverse-discrete, obtain x
3(t)
5) from x
3t () obtains measurement result and time-domain signal x (t)
Fig. 3 to Fig. 7 is the result that the spectral response of using the measurement mechanism of the present embodiment to obtain obtains through nonidentity operation.
Fig. 3 is the linear coordinate schematic diagram to the spatial domain result that the direct inverse fourier transform of measured spectral response obtains.Curve shown in figure directly carries out to the spectral response recorded the spatial domain result that inverse fourier transform obtains, i.e. the loss characteristic curve of optical fiber, spatial domain is multiplied by light wave speed v in a fiber through time domain and is obtained.Ordinate is linear.Spike in figure is the end face reflection of fiber distal end, and its position is at about 21km place.Can find out in figure, beyond about 21km optical fiber, result is negative value, and correct result should be zero, and the reason producing this mistake early causes owing to lacking DC component in spectral response.
Fig. 4 is the absolute value logarithmic coordinate schematic diagram to the spatial domain result that the direct inverse fourier transform of measured spectral response obtains.Curve shown in figure directly carries out to the spectral response recorded the spatial domain result that inverse fourier transform obtains, and Fig. 3 adopts unlike its logarithmic coordinate that take absolute value.
Fig. 5 is the linear coordinate schematic diagram of spectral response spatial domain result that inverse fourier transform obtains after time domain reversion translation of one embodiment of the invention.Curve shown in figure is the result after carrying out time domain reversion translation, adopts linear coordinate.Can find out in figure outside about 21km, result is zero.As can be seen from the figure rear portion is reversed by front portion and is obtained after translation.
Fig. 6 is the absolute value logarithmic coordinate schematic diagram of spectral response spatial domain result that inverse fourier transform obtains after time domain reversion translation of one embodiment of the invention.Curve shown in figure is also the result after carrying out time domain reversion translation, and Fig. 5 adopts unlike it the logarithmic coordinate that take absolute value, coordinate conventional when this is measuring optical fiber loss characteristic.Can find out in figure that after taking the logarithm, fibre loss characteristic is a straight line having certain slope.Two identical copies of required measurement result are contained in figure.
Fig. 7 is the first half spatial domain result schematic diagram obtained from the spatial domain result of Fig. 6 of one embodiment of the invention.The previous copy in Fig. 6 is contains only, namely required measurement result x (t) in figure.
The principal feature of a kind of distributed physical amount detection method based on spectrum scan provided by the invention adopts frequency sweeping, measures the frequency domain response being detected object, then obtain time domain measurement result by invert fast fourier transformation.The present invention does not need to launch high power pulse, but launches Sine Modulated continuous wave, and low to the requirement of signal source, therefore cost is lower; The integrating effect of detection continuous wave is adopted to substantially increase signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio); Do not need completely to measure the DC component in frequency spectrum, the measuring error that the DC shift avoiding system causes DC component, improves measuring accuracy.A kind of distributed physical amount detection method based on spectrum scan provided by the invention is applicable to the every field such as acoustic sensing system, Wireless/wired sensor-based system, optical sensor system, optical fiber sensing system, distributed sensing system.
Although the present invention with preferred embodiment openly as above, it is not for limiting the present invention.Any those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can make possible variation and amendment.Therefore, every content not departing from technical solution of the present invention, any amendment done above embodiment according to technical spirit of the present invention, equivalent variations and modification, all fall within protection domain that the claims in the present invention define.
Claims (8)
1., based on a distributed physical amount detection method for spectrum scan, comprise the steps:
1) transmit to measured object with equifrequent interval, f=1 Δ f, 2 Δ f, 3 Δ f ..., n Δ f, f are sweep frequency, and Δ f is frequency interval, and n Δ f is the maximum frequency of scanning frequency spectrum;
Frequency interval Δ f satisfies condition: Δ f≤v/4L, and wherein v is the velocity of propagation of signal, and L is target scale to be measured;
2) frequency domain response signal X (f) of measured object is received: X (1 Δ f), X (2 Δ f), X (3 Δ f) ..., X (n Δ f);
3) to step 2) result that obtains carries out time domain reversion translation calculation, comprises the steps:
1. X (f) is multiplied by the factor-1 and obtains X
1(f),
X
1(f)＝-X(f)；
2. by X
1f () be translation D on a timeline, D satisfies condition: (v/ (2 Δ f)-L) >D>L, and wherein v is the velocity of propagation of signal, and L is target scale to be measured,
X
2(f)＝X
1(f)e
-j4πf D
3. by X (f) and X
2f () is added and obtains X
3(f),
X
3(f)＝X(f)+X
2(f)＝X(f)+X
1(f)e
-j4πf D＝X(f)-X(f)e
-j4πf D
4) to X
3f () carries out inverse discrete Fourier transformer inverse-discrete, obtain x
3(t);
5) from x
3t () obtains time-domain signal x (t).
2. a kind of distributed physical amount detection method based on spectrum scan according to claim 1, is characterized in that, what launch to measured object with equifrequent interval is sinusoidal modulation signal.
3., based on a distributed physical amount detecting devices for spectrum scan, comprising:
One signal transmitter unit, described signal transmitter unit transmits to measured object with equifrequent interval, f=1 Δ f, 2 Δ f, 3 Δ f ..., n Δ f, f are sweep frequency, and Δ f is frequency interval, and n Δ f is the maximum frequency of scanning frequency spectrum;
Frequency interval Δ f satisfies condition: Δ f≤v/4L, and wherein v is the velocity of propagation of signal, and L is target scale to be measured;
One signal receiving unit, comprise signal storage and processing unit, described signal receiving unit receives frequency domain response signal X (f) of described measured object: X (1 Δ f), X (2 Δ f), X (3 Δ f) ..., X (n Δ f), described signal storage and processing unit carry out time domain reversion translation calculation to described frequency domain response signal X (f), and step is as follows:
1) X (f) is multiplied by the factor-1 and obtains X
1(f),
X
1(f)＝-X(f)；
2) by X
1f () be translation D on a timeline, obtain X
2(f), D satisfies condition: (v/ (2 Δ f)-L) >D>L, and wherein v is the velocity of propagation of signal, and L is target scale to be measured,
X
2(f)＝X
1(f)e
-j4πf D
3) by X (f) and X
2f () is added and obtains X
3(f),
X
3(f)＝X(f)+X
2(f)＝X(f)+X
1(f)e
-j4πfD＝X(f)-X(f)e
-j4πfD
4) to X
3f () carries out inverse discrete Fourier transformer inverse-discrete, obtain x
3(t)
5) from x
3t () obtains time-domain signal x (t).
4. a kind of distributed physical amount detecting devices based on spectrum scan according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described signal transmitter unit comprises modulation signal generator, driving circuit and the transmitter of connecting successively.
5. a kind of distributed physical amount detecting devices based on spectrum scan according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described transmitter is optical transmitting set.
6. a kind of distributed physical amount detecting devices based on spectrum scan according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described signal receiving unit also comprises reception amplifier and demodulator circuit, and described reception amplifier, demodulator circuit and signal storage and processing unit are connected successively.
7. a kind of distributed physical amount detecting devices based on spectrum scan according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described reception amplifier is light-receiving amplifier, and adopts AC coupling.
8. a kind of distributed physical amount detecting devices based on spectrum scan according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described signal transmitter unit launches sinusoidal modulation signal with equifrequent interval.
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| CN104897959B (en) | 2017-11-24 |
| WO2016086827A1 (en) | 2016-06-09 |
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