CN104897486B - A kind of electromagnetic type split-Hopkinson torsional bar loading device - Google Patents
A kind of electromagnetic type split-Hopkinson torsional bar loading device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of electromagnetic type split-Hopkinson torsional bar loading device, including power supply, electrical power storage and release and torsion rifle, and connected by wire with electrical power storage with release；Electrical power storage connects with release with power supply.It is used for providing instantaneous heavy current to the stator coil for reversing rifle by electrical power storage release, so that stator coil produces electromagnetic force to the permanent magnet on rotor, rotor rotation is produced instantaneous torque.Reverse rifle to be made up of rotor and stator, for producing instantaneous torque, and instantaneous torque is converted into torsional wave, exported by armature spindle to split-Hopkinson torsional bar.Distorting stress wave amplitude caused by reality is controlled by the charging voltage of electrical power storage and release, distorting stress wave width caused by reality is controlled by the capacitance for adjusting electrical power storage and release, using traditional split-Hopkinson torsional bar sample, the torsion loading being expected under pulse amplitude and pulse width can be carried out to material, and whole system is simple to operate, controllability is strong.
Description
Technical field
It is specifically a kind of the present invention relates to the loading device and experimental method that the dynamic of material reverses Mechanics Performance Testing
Electromagnetic type split-Hopkinson torsional bar loading device and test method, what described device can test as separate type split-Hopkinson torsional bar
Loading device.
Background technology
Although Hopkinson stretching, compression device are widely used in power when material compression, stretching under measurement high strain-rate
Learn property.But depression bar and pull bar are all the axially loaded methods that uses, when propagating, waveguide rod is with mirror for compression and stretching compressional wave
Distortion of image, transverse inertia domino effect is produced, the disperse of ripple and the friction of sample end face is produced, influences precision；And reverse Hopkinson
Experimental facilities is without three-dimensional problem, and no transverse inertia influences, in the absence of the friction effect of sample end face.Therefore it is real to reverse Hopkinson
Test and increasingly paid attention to.
The load mode for reversing Hopkinson equipment has：1. store the unexpected delivery mode of strain energy；2. pneumatically loading mode；
3. explosively loading mode.Bake (Baker) et al. is the 33rd interim at 1996 of Journal of Applied Mechanics
Carried in the texts of Strain-rate effects in the propagation of torsion plastic waves mono- delivered
The torsion Hopkinson equipment gone out, its clamping mechanism are made up of sliding block, and when air rifle cartridge hits sliding block, clamp loosens, caused
When torque pulse forward position rises and strain rate is respectively 30us and 103s-1；Campbell (Campbell) et al. is in Journal of
The Applied Mechanics 37 interim On the use of a torsional split delivered in 1971
The torsion Hope gold proposed in the texts of Hopkinson bar to study rate effects in 1100-0 aluminum mono-
Gloomy equipment, clamp structure are made up of two semicircle bridges watt and steel wire, and when steel wire is broken, clamp loosens, when its forward position rises and strain
Rate is respectively 50us and 102s-1.In addition, there are some scholars to attempt using explosive manner and pneumatic load mode reverse to add
Carry.At present, in terms of Hopkinson bar experimental technique is reversed, most ripe technology or energy storage type load mode, this loading
The shortcomings that mode, is that the generation time of distorting stress ripple can not be controlled effectively, and caused torsion wavelength is by incident bar
Length limitation.
Traditional split-Hopkinson torsional bar load mode is all mechanical load, and the generation time of torsional wave is difficult control.In material
In the dynamic mechanical test of material, it is sometimes desirable to which test material is under the Combined Loading reversed and stretched or reverse and compress
Mechanical property.Both Combined Loading modes require torsional wave and tensile wave or torsional wave and compressional wave while reach sample
End face, this is required to strictly control torsional wave and tensile wave or the beginning propagation time of torsional wave and compressional wave.And pass
The mechanical load mode of the Hopkinson bar of system be can not strict proof stress ripple generation and the propagation time.Because this is former
Cause, the Hopkinson lever system of Combined Loading are difficult to develop always.
The 1960s, Boeing Co. existed to solve the problems, such as commonly to rivet, by Huber A Schmitt etc.
People takes the lead in the Electromagnetic riveting technology that begins one's study, and has applied for the patent (United States Patent (USP) of electromagnetic riveting device：3961739,1974 years
May 7).Succeed in developing low voltage electromagnetic riveting (European patent in the later U.S.：On May 27th, 0293257,1988), solve height
It is riveted exist in terms of riveting quality and popularization and application the problem of, so that Electromagnetic riveting technology is comparatively fast developed.Electromagnetism
Riveting technology is applied in Boeing, the manufacture of Air Passenger series aircraft.Nowadays, low voltage electromagnetic riveting technology has developed into
Ripe, the size of rivet force and duration obtain more accurate control.The technical principle of electromagnetic rivet driver is：In discharge coil and
A coil and Stress-amplifier are added between workpiece.The moment of discharge switch closure, by quickly changing in main coil
Dash current, high-intensity magnetic field is produced around coil.The secondary coil coupled with main coil produces sensing under strong magnetic field action
Electric current, and then eddy current magnetism is produced, two magnetic field interactions produce vortex repulsion, and reach rivet by amplifier, make rivet
Shaping.The very high frequency of power is vortexed, is propagated in amplifier and rivet in the form of stress wave, therefore electromagnetic riveting is also referred to as stress wave
Riveting.If the principle of electromagnetic rivet driver is applied in split hopkinson press bar and replaces traditional split hopkinson press bar
In air gun and trip rod, pass through electromagnetic repulsion force produce directly generation stress wave, it will test split hopkinson press bar
The standardization of technology is possibly realized.And low strain dynamic rate loading can be carried out to sample with sufficiently long stress pulse, realize one
The low strain dynamic rate that a little traditional Hopkinson bars can not be realized.Northwestern Polytechnical University is in Patent No. ZL 2,014 2 within 2014
A kind of split hopkinson press bar device based on electromagnetic force loading is proposed in 0198611.7 utility model patent,
A kind of improved separate type Hope based on electromagnetic force loading is proposed in Application No. 201410161610.X patent of invention
The gloomy strut device of gold.Northwestern Polytechnical University is in the invention wound that application number is respectively 201410173843.1 and 201410171963.8
Propose two kinds of stretchings based on electromagnetic force and compression stress wave producer and experimental method in making, the experimental provision pass through by
Electromagnetic rivet driver device directly applies to Hopkinson pressure bar experiment device so as to realize the dynamic compression loading to sample, and should
Time caused by Reeb can accurately control.But for Hopkinson torsion device, still it can control generation should without one kind
The Hopkinson torsion device of Reeb.
The content of the invention
For overcome the shortcomings of present in prior art can not proof stress ripple, the present invention proposes a kind of electromagnetic type suddenly
Pu Jinsen torsion bar loading devices.
The present invention includes power supply, electrical power storage and release and reverses rifle, and is connected by wire and electrical power storage with release
It is logical；Electrical power storage connects with release with power supply；Characterized in that, the torsion rifle includes rotor and 4 stators, it is described each fixed
Son is uniform and is fixed on the inner circumferential surface of housing；It is when installing each stator, 2 stators of stator coil direction identical are symmetrical
Placement.During connection, the coil of 4 stators is contacted successively to form the coil group of series winding with wire；By the positive pole of the coil group
Joint is connected with the positive output line of electrical power storage and release, by the anode connector of the coil group and electrical power storage and release
The negative output line connection of device.
The square coil that the stator coil is made up of stator coil and coil housing, wherein：
The upper and lower surface of the stator coil is respectively arc surface, form respectively the exterior arc surface of stator coil
And inner arc surface.The stator coil is the gap for forming " returning " font by the way of wire cutting on copper billet, and described
Insulating tape is filled in gap, forms the insulating barrier between stator coil circle and circle, the copper billet member-retaining portion then turns into coil
Circle.In 4 stator coils, the direction of 2 stator coils is clockwise, and the direction of 2 stator coils is counterclockwise.
The starting point of stator coil outermost turn is machined with positive terminal, and anode connector is machined with the destination county of the most interior circle of stator coil.
The ratio of the thickness of insulating layer and coil turn thickness is 1/2~1/3.
The cross section of the coil housing is in sector；The exterior arc surface of the coil housing and the inner arc surface of housing cooperate；
Gap coordinates between the inner arc surface and rotor of the coil housing.There is the mounting groove of stator coil on the coil housing.Under coil housing
Surface is bottom land.The coil housing lower surface is arc surface, the curvature of the arc surface and the curvature phase of stator coil inner arc surface
Together.There is mounting hole on the coil housing.
The torsion rifle also includes housing and case lid, has been distributed uniformly and circumferentially in the circumferential wall of the housing
4 square apertures, length of each opening in housing axial direction is the 1/6 of the housing circumferential lengths.Case lid center has for pacifying
The through hole of cartridge rotor axle bearing.The external diameter of case lid is identical with the external diameter of housing.
Rotor includes magnet and armature spindle：Wherein described magnet includes rotor case and 4 permanent magnets；Each permanent magnet is equal
Block for arc, each permanent magnet both side surface is the inclined-plane of angle α=30 °, and the length of external arc is less than the length of Inner arc
Degree.The permanent magnet exterior arc surface and inner arc surface are magnetic pole strength.The exterior arc surface of two of which permanent magnet is N poles, inner circle
Cambered surface is S poles；The inner arc surface of two permanent magnets is N poles, and exterior arc surface is S poles；
4 strip through-holes for being used to be embedded in permanent magnet are evenly equipped with the rotor case housing.
The present invention will produce loading of the moment torsional moment for split-Hopkinson torsional bar by electromagnetic force.By then passing through electricity
Mode load, the generation time of torsional wave can be controlled strictly.It can solve the problem that synchronous sex chromosome mosaicism during complex loading.
Power pack of the electrical power storage with release using 1 set of existing electromagnetic rivetter, by 4 stator coil series connection peaces
In the circuit of the electrical power storage and release.The electrical power storage and the major function of release are stored by power supply
Electric energy, stored electric energy is then released to 4 stator coils suddenly, magnetic field is converted electrical energy into the stator coil
Can, so as to which rotor driven rotates, realize electric energy to magnetic energy, conversion of the magnetic energy to mechanical energy.4 stator coils are first connected into one
Individual series connection sets of stator coils, by the positive output line and negative output line of the electrical power storage and release respectively with corresponding string
Positive terminal in connection sets of stator coils is connected with anode connector by wire.
In use, after completing to charge, discharging thyristor is output control signals to by PLC, makes the discharging thyristor
Turn on, the road capacitor discharging circuit that the energy stored in energy-storage capacitor is formed by discharging thyristor, stator coil discharges
Come, so as to the discharge current that the generation time cycle is short, amplitude is higher.
The discharge current produces moment electromagnetic field in the stator coils, makes between the permanent magnet on rotor and stator coil
Electromagnetic repulsion force is produced, the electromagnetic repulsion force makes rotor produce instantaneous torque, and the moment of torsion is passed to Hope's gold in the form of torsional wave
The incident bar of gloomy torsion bar, when the incidence wave reaches incident bar with sample contacts face, because wave impedance mismatches, the incidence wave
A part is reflected, and back wave is formed in incident bar, and another part is then transmitted in transmission bar by sample, forms transmission
Ripple.The shape and amplitude of the back wave and transmitted wave are determined by sample material property.Data collecting system passes through stickup
Foil gauge on incident bar records incidence wave and reflection wave signal, will be saturating by the foil gauge being pasted onto on transmission bar
The signal record of ejected wave is got off.The back wave and transmitted wave signal recorded using data collecting system, is tried by a ripple method
The dynamic distorting stress strain curve of sample.
The present invention changes principle using electromagnetic force dress, produces moment electromagnetic torque by electric control mode, and tie by machinery
Moment of torsion is converted to torsional wave by structure, the experiment for split-Hopkinson torsional bar.Because by the way of electric control, electromagnetic type Hope is golden
Exclusive superiority is shown in the stress wave generation time of gloomy torsion bar bar, can strict proof stress ripple by electronic switch
Generation time.Which solves the synchronous sex chromosome mosaicism under complex loading mode.
In the present invention, electromagnetic type Hopkinson bar torsion device is made up of torsion rifle and electrical power storage release.Electric energy
Store release to be used for providing instantaneous heavy current to the stator coil for reversing rifle, so that stator coil is to the permanent magnetism on rotor
Iron produces electromagnetic force, rotor rotation is produced instantaneous torque.Rifle is reversed to be made up of rotor and stator, for producing instantaneous torque,
And instantaneous torque is converted into torsional wave, exported by armature spindle to split-Hopkinson torsional bar.
Instantaneous forceful electric power source is provided for rotor coil by the electric discharge of electric energy in electrical power storage and release, because capacitor is put
The electric time is shorter, and discharge current is strong, can make the forceful electric power magnetic force that moment is produced between the permanent magnet on rotor and stator coil,
So as to produce strong torsional moment, the torsional moment is spread out of in the form of torsional wave from armature spindle.As for electrical power storage with
The control system of release, the technology is highly developed in electromagnetic rivetter at present, can directly apply.
Distorting stress wave amplitude caused by reality can be entered by the charging voltage of electrical power storage and release in the present invention
Row control, distorting stress wave width caused by reality can be controlled by adjusting the capacitance of electrical power storage and release.
Electromagnetic force is combined by the present invention with capacitor discharge in principle, to replace traditional separate type split-Hopkinson torsional bar
Energy storage loading device in system.Using traditional split-Hopkinson torsional bar sample, you can material be expected pulse amplitude and
Torsion loading under pulse width, and whole system is simple to operate, and controllability is strong.Should to reversing by then passing through electromagnetic mode
What Reeb was controlled, when the capacitance in electrical power storage and release is constant, output corresponding to same voltage is reversed should
Reeb amplitude is also constant, and when charging voltage is constant, distorting stress wave width is also constant corresponding to same capacitance, so energy
Enough realize the accurate control to distorting stress ripple, experiment it is reproducible；Secondly as it is that caused reverse is loaded by electromagnetism
Stress wave, the generation time of stress pulse can be controlled accurately, and this causes the load mode of complex stress condition in synchronism side
The problem of face, is readily solved.Due to above advantage, apparatus of the present invention and method can realize that traditional split hopkinson bar is real
The control accuracy being unable to reach is tested, split-Hopkinson torsional bar experimental technique is standardized；In addition, by the present invention with electromagnetic type stator line
Circle is combined, and can realize Combined Loading.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the composition schematic diagram of the present invention
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram for reversing rifle；
Fig. 3 is the structure chart of armature spindle, and wherein Fig. 3 a are front views, and Fig. 3 b are Fig. 3 a A-A direction views；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of rotor cover, and wherein Fig. 4 a are front views, and Fig. 4 b are Fig. 4 a A-A direction views；
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of permanent magnet, and wherein Fig. 5 a are front views, and Fig. 5 b are Fig. 5 a side views；
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of rotor case, and wherein Fig. 6 a are front views, and Fig. 6 b are Fig. 6 a A-A direction views；
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of case lid, and wherein Fig. 7 a are front views, and Fig. 7 b are Fig. 7 a A-A direction views；
Fig. 8 is shell structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 9 is stator coil structure schematic diagram；
Figure 10 is the structural representation of coil housing, and wherein Figure 10 a are front views, and Figure 10 b are Figure 10 a A-A direction views；
Figure 11 is the schematic diagram of rotor assembling, and wherein Figure 11 a are front views, and Figure 11 b are Figure 11 a sectional views；
Figure 12 is the cooperation schematic diagram of stator and housing；
Figure 13 is the structural representation for reversing rifle；
Figure 14 is torsion test schematic diagram.In figure：
1. conductor interface；2. reverse rifle；3. electrical power storage and release；4. power supply；5. housing；6. stator；7. rotor；8.
Permanent magnet；9. case lid；10. bearing；11. armature spindle；12. rotor cover；13. rotor case；14. inner ring；15. incident bar；16. examination
Sample；17. transmission bar；18. foil gauge；19. data collecting system；20. coil housing；21. stator coil；22. positive terminal；23.
Anode connector.
Embodiment
The present embodiment is a kind of electromagnetic type split-Hopkinson torsional bar loading device and test method.
The electromagnetic type split-Hopkinson torsional bar loading device includes power supply 4, electrical power storage and release 3 and reverses rifle 2.Its
In, the torsion rifle includes rotor 7, is contacted to form coil group with wire between the joint 22 that will reverse 4 stators 6 in rifle,
By the positive terminal of the coil and the anode connector positive output line and negative output line with electrical power storage and release 3 respectively
Connect.The power supply 4 uses 380V industrial three-phase alternating current.
In the present embodiment, electrical power storage is used with release 3 and is published in the patent of Patent No. 200520079179
The power pack of electromagnetic rivetter, the power pack of the electromagnetic riveting include capacitor box and control cabinet.In the present embodiment
In, include capacitor bank and electronic switch in capacitor box, the capacitor part of the electrical power storage and release is by 10 arteries and veins
Capacitor parallel connection group is rushed, the rated voltage of the impulse capacitor is 10000V, capacitance 4mF, the capacitor bank and electricity
Sub switch is installed in the capacitor box of electrical power storage and release, and the electric discharge of capacitor bank is controlled by electronic switch.It is described
Control cabinet mainly includes PLC and its control system.Control system is mainly by simulation control part, digital control part and numeral
Display portion forms.Wherein simulation control part uses the TCA785 chips of SIEMENS companies.Digital control part is by Siemens
S7-200 series CPU224 and Siemens simulation input output expansion module EM235 compositions.Charging voltage control is mainly logical
The pid control mode of overvoltage ring and electric current loop is realized.Digital display portion mainly passes through S7-200 series text displays
TD200 is formed.
As shown in Figure 3.Reversing rifle 2 includes rotor 7, stator 6, housing 5 and case lid 9.
Housing 5 is cylindrical shape, housing outer diameter 170mm described in the present embodiment, internal diameter 150, axial length 190mm, uses
Ly12 is made, and 4 size identical square apertures, Mei Gekai have been distributed uniformly and circumferentially in the circumferential wall of the housing
Length of the mouth in the axial direction of housing 5 is the 1/6 of the housing circumferential lengths；4 openings are uniformly distributed along the circumference of housing.Institute
The end face for stating housing is evenly equipped with the screwed hole of installation connection.
In the present embodiment, the size of the opening is 65mm.
Stator 6 has 4, is formed by stator coil 21 and coil housing 20.Stator coil structure in 4 stators 6 is identical,
The direction that the difference is that only wherein 2 stator coils is clockwise, and the direction of 2 stator coils is counterclockwise.
The present embodiment is described by taking one of them clockwise stator coil as an example.
The stator coil is square coil, and the upper and lower surface of stator coil is respectively arc surface, point
The exterior arc surface and inner arc surface of stator coil are not formd.The stator coil be on copper billet by the way of wire cutting shape
Into the gap of " returning " font, and insulating tape is filled in the gap, forms the insulating barrier between stator coil circle and circle,
The copper billet member-retaining portion then turns into the circle of coil.Because the stator coil is clockwise direction, in processing coil circle, feed
From outermost turn clockwise direction internal cutting；Otherwise when stator coil is counter clockwise direction, feed is from outermost turn counterclockwise to inscribe
Cut.Described in cutting on line during stator coil 21, positive terminal 22 is machined with the starting point of stator coil outermost turn, in stator line
The destination county of the most interior circle of circle is machined with anode connector 23.
The ratio of the thickness of insulating layer and coil turn thickness is 1/2~1/3.In the present embodiment, the thickness of insulating barrier is
2mm, the thickness of each coil turn is 4mm.
The profile of the coil housing is rectangle, and its cross section is in sector；The exterior arc surface of the coil housing and the inner circle of housing 5
Cambered surface cooperates；Gap coordinates between the inner arc surface and rotor 7 of the coil housing.There is the peace of stator coil 21 on the coil housing
Tankage.The lower surface of coil housing is bottom land.The coil housing lower surface is arc surface, in the curvature and stator coil of the arc surface
The curvature of arc surface is identical.There is mounting hole on the coil housing.
The stator coil is embedded in and is pasted onto by seccotine in the coil housing, forms stator 6.
4 stators 6 are distributed on the inner circumferential surface of housing 5, and are bolted.When installing each stator, by stator
2 stator symmetrical placements of coil direction identical.During connection, the coil of 4 stators is contacted to form series winding successively with wire
Coil group.
Case lid 9 is plate-like, has axially projecting step, the center of the step at the center on one surface of case lid
There is the through hole for installing rotor shaft bearings.The external diameter of case lid 9 is identical with the external diameter of housing 5, in the circle of the housing cap surface
Mounting hole is evenly equipped with week, and each mounting hole coordinates with each screwed hole positioned at housing end face respectively.
Rotor 7 includes the cylindric magnet segment of large-diameter hollow and the hollow shaft-like part of armature spindle 11 of minor diameter.Its
The magnet segment of middle hollow cylindrical is made up of rotor case 13, inner ring 14, rotor cover 12 and 4 permanent magnets 8.
The shape and size of 4 permanent magnets 8 are identical, are arc bulk.The both side surface of each permanent magnet 8
For the inclined-plane of angle α=30 °, and the length of external arc is less than the length of Inner arc.In the present embodiment, outside the permanent magnet
The a diameter of 150mm of arc surface, a diameter of 130mm of inner arc surface.
The permanent magnet exterior arc surface and inner arc surface are magnetic pole strength.The exterior arc surface of two of which permanent magnet is N poles,
Inner arc surface is S poles；The inner arc surface of two permanent magnets is N poles, and exterior arc surface is S poles；
Rotor case 13 is cylindrical shape, and the internal diameter and external diameter of the rotor case are identical with the internal diameter and external diameter of permanent magnet 8.
4 strip through-holes for being used to be embedded in permanent magnet 8 are evenly equipped with the rotor case housing.On the circumference at the both ends of rotor case 13
It is evenly equipped with the screwed hole of multiple connections.
Rotor cover 12 is discoid, and the maximum outside diameter of the rotor disk is identical with the external diameter of rotor case 13.In the rotor cover
Center have with armature spindle 11 coordinate tapped through hole.There is axially projecting sleeve in a panel surface of the rotor cover, should
The outer surface of sleeve and the internal surface gaps of rotor case coordinate；Multiple screwed holes are evenly equipped with the circumferential surface of the sleeve, and
And the center line of each screwed hole is each perpendicular to the center line of rotor cover, after rotor cover is loaded in rotor case, pass through each spiral shell
Pit is fixed, to limit relative motion therebetween.
Armature spindle 11 totally two, respectively preceding armature spindle and rear armature spindle, the preceding armature spindle and rear rotor shape shaft and
Size is identical, is described before the present embodiment exemplified by armature spindle.
Armature spindle 11 is hollow revolving body, is divided into four sections, is followed successively by external thread section, positioning section, bearing section and female end.
One end circumferential surface of the armature spindle is flank, the external thread section of armature spindle is formd, for the armature spindle and rotor cover
Between be connected, and positioned by positioning section；The length of the positioning section is relevant with the position of the case lid of stator, when stator fills
After entering the inside, the end face limited bearing on armature spindle is in the bearing hole among housing front and rear covers.The middle part of armature spindle is axle
Section is held, the cooperation for the armature spindle and bearing.The bore area of the other end of the armature spindle is flank, for the rotor
The connection of axle 11 and incident bar.
Bearing 10 shares two, the bearing section of front and rear armature spindle 11 is separately mounted to, between rotor 7 and housing 5
Positioning freely rotates with rotor 7.Bearing in the present embodiment selects cylindrical bearing, race diameter 45mm, inner ring diameter 25mm,
A width of 10mm.
When installing rotor 7, first by preceding rotor cover Screw assembly to the one end of rotor case 13, then by inner ring 14 from the other end
The inside of rotor case 13 is nested into, the outer surface of the inner surface and inner ring 14 of rotor case 13 is bonded together by seccotine, inner ring
After 14 put into rotor case, rear rotor cover bolt is arranged on to the other end of rotor case 13.Inner ring 14 and rotor cover 12 install it
Afterwards, 4 tiles permanent magnets 8 are inlayed successively inside 4 rectangle openings into rotor case, during installation, the permanent magnet of adjacent position
Magnetic pole on the contrary, the magnetic pole of the permanent magnet of relative position is identical, the part that permanent magnet 8 contacts with rotor case 13 and inner ring 14 passes through
Seccotine bonds together.Front and rear armature spindle 11 is respectively by being threadably mounted in front and rear rotor cover 12.
4 stators 6 are arranged on the inner surface of housing 5 by bolt respectively, the positive terminal of the stator coil 21 and negative
Pole joint stretches out from the opening on housing 5, the conductor interface for being connected in relevant position on housing 5 is accessed with wire, the wire connects
The positive terminal and anode connector of mouth are connected respectively to the positive terminal and anode connector of corresponding electrical power storage and release 3
On.
Rotor 7 is arranged on the inside of housing 5, is provided with bearing 10 on front and rear armature spindle 11, the bearing is separately mounted to
In the central through hole of front and rear housings lid 9.Front and rear housings lid 9 is relative with the both ends of the surface of housing 5 affixed by bolt.
Electrical power storage uses the power pack using 1 set of existing electromagnetic rivetter with release 3, by 4 stator coils
21 are installed in series in the circuit of the electrical power storage and release.The electrical power storage and the major function of release are to pass through
Power supply stores electric energy, stored electric energy is then released into 4 stator coils 21 suddenly, by electric energy in the stator coil
Magnetic field energy is converted into, so as to which rotor driven 7 rotates, realizes electric energy to magnetic energy, conversion of the magnetic energy to mechanical energy.First by 4 stators
Coil 21 is connected into a coil group, by the positive output line and negative output line of the electrical power storage and release respectively with it is right
The positive terminal in coil group answered is connected with anode connector by wire.
Power supply selects 380V industry alternating voltages.
The present invention also proposes a kind of experimental method of electromagnetic type Hopkinson bar torsion device, and experimental facilities includes reversing rifle
2nd, incident bar 15, transmission bar 17 and sample 16.The incident bar, transmission bar and sample structure are all turned round using conventional Hopkinson
Incident bar, transmission bar and the sample structure of bar.The experimentation is：
Step 1. arrangement equipment.
Rifle 2, incident bar 15 and transmission bar 17 will be reversed, and coaxial order is arranged on experimental bench according to a conventional method, and is made described
Incident bar and transmission bar can rotate freely.The internal thread segment and the incidence end of incident bar 15 for reversing the preceding armature spindle 11 of rifle 2 are led to
Cross threaded connection.By a sample 16 according to a conventional method be arranged between incident bar 15 and transmission bar 17, and make sample 16 with
Incident bar 15 and transmission bar 17 are coaxial.Rotor 7 is rotated, makes the permanent magnet line of same pole on rotor 7 identical with stator 6
Angle between the line of magnetic pole electromagnet is in 45 degree, in this position, when stator coil 21 discharges, suffered by rotor 7
Moment of torsion is maximum, and rotor 7 can produce torsional wave with most fast response speed.
Step 2. pastes foil gauge.
1 shear strain piece is pasted using conventional method respectively on incident bar 15 and transmission bar 17, and foil gauge is drawn
Line accesses data collecting system 19.
Step 3. charges to the energy-storage capacitor of electrical power storage and release.
When carrying out Hopkinson torsion test, click on and charge on the human-computer interaction interface of electrical power storage and release 3
Voltage is set, and charging voltage is set and arrives required value, and it is 3000V that charging voltage is set in the present embodiment.Click on charge button,
PLC outputs control signals to energy storage controllable silicon, makes the energy storage controlled silicon conducting.Afterwards, transformer is by 380V industry alternating currents
Set alternating voltage is boosted to, rectifier bridge carries out rectification to the alternating current, it is transformed to the direct current of relevant voltage value
Electrical power storage and the energy-storage capacitor in release are charged after electricity.After charging complete, PLC is exported by energy storage trigger
Control signal disconnects energy storage controllable silicon.
Step 4. loading experiment and data acquisition.
After charging complete, discharge button, PLC output controls are clicked on the human-computer interaction interface of electrical power storage and release 3
Signal processed turns on the discharging thyristor to discharging thyristor, the energy stored in energy-storage capacitor by discharging thyristor,
The road capacitor discharging circuit that stator coil 21 is formed discharges, so as to the discharge current that the generation time cycle is short, amplitude is higher.
The discharge current produces moment electromagnetic field in stator coil 21, makes permanent magnet 8 and stator coil on rotor 7
Electromagnetic repulsion force is produced between 21, the electromagnetic repulsion force makes rotor 7 produce instantaneous torque, and the moment of torsion is passed in the form of torsional wave
The incident bar 15 of split-Hopkinson torsional bar, when the incidence wave reaches incident bar 15 and 16 contact surface of sample, due to wave impedance not
Match somebody with somebody, a part for the incidence wave is reflected, and back wave is formed in incident bar 15, and another part is then transmitted into thoroughly by sample 16
Penetrate in bar 17, form transmitted wave.The shape and amplitude of the back wave and transmitted wave are determined by the material character of sample 16.
Data collecting system 19 is recorded incidence wave and reflection wave signal by the foil gauge being pasted onto on incident bar 15, by viscous
The foil gauge being attached on transmission bar 17 gets off the signal record of transmitted wave.Using data collecting system 19 record back wave and
Transmitted wave signal, the dynamic distorting stress strain curve of sample is obtained by a ripple method.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of electromagnetic type split-Hopkinson torsional bar loading device, including power supply, electrical power storage and release and reversing rifle, and pass through
Wire connects with electrical power storage with release；Electrical power storage connects with release with power supply；Characterized in that, the torsion rifle bag
Rotor and 4 stators are included, each stator is uniform and is fixed on the inner circumferential surface of housing；When installing each stator, by stator
2 stator symmetrical placements of coil direction identical；During connection, the coil of 4 stators is contacted to form series winding successively with wire
Coil group；The positive terminal of the coil group is connected with the positive output line of electrical power storage and release, by the coil group
Anode connector be connected with the negative output line of electrical power storage and release；
The square coil that the stator coil is made up of stator coil and coil housing, wherein：
The upper and lower surface of the stator coil is respectively arc surface, form respectively the exterior arc surface of stator coil and interior
Arc surface；The stator coil is the gap for forming " returning " font by the way of wire cutting on copper billet, and in the gap
Middle filling insulating tape, forms the insulating barrier between stator coil circle and circle, and the copper billet member-retaining portion then turns into the circle of coil；
In 4 stator coils, the direction of 2 stator coils is clockwise, and the direction of 2 stator coils is counterclockwise；In stator
The starting point of coil outermost turn is machined with positive terminal, and anode connector is machined with the destination county of the most interior circle of stator coil；It is described
The ratio of thickness of insulating layer and coil turn thickness is 1/2~1/3；
The cross section of the coil housing is in sector；The exterior arc surface of the coil housing and the inner arc surface of housing cooperate；The line
Gap coordinates between enclosing the inner arc surface and rotor of shell；There is the mounting groove of stator coil on the coil housing；The lower surface of coil housing
For bottom land；The coil housing lower surface is arc surface, and the curvature of the arc surface is identical with the curvature of stator coil inner arc surface；
There is mounting hole on the coil housing.
2. electromagnetic type split-Hopkinson torsional bar loading device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the torsion rifle also includes shell
Body and case lid, 4 square apertures are distributed uniformly and circumferentially in the circumferential wall of the housing, have each been open in housing
The length of axial direction is the 1/6 of the housing circumferential lengths；There is the through hole for installing rotor shaft bearings at case lid center；Case lid
External diameter is identical with the external diameter of housing.
3. electromagnetic type split-Hopkinson torsional bar loading device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that rotor includes magnet and rotor
Axle：
The magnet includes rotor case and 4 permanent magnets；Each permanent magnet is arc bulk, and each permanent magnet both side surface is
The inclined-plane of angle α=30 °, and the length of external arc is less than the length of Inner arc；The permanent magnet exterior arc surface and Inner arc
Face is magnetic pole strength；The exterior arc surface of two of which permanent magnet is N poles, and inner arc surface is S poles；The inner arc surface of two permanent magnets
For N poles, exterior arc surface is S poles；
4 strip through-holes for being used to be embedded in permanent magnet are evenly equipped with the rotor case housing.
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| CN105181486B (en) * | 2015-09-24 | 2018-05-01 | 合肥姜水材性科技有限公司 | Flywheel-type Hopkinson torsion bar device |
| CN105651625B (en) * | 2016-01-06 | 2018-08-14 | 西北工业大学 | Disc type split-Hopkinson torsional bar loading device based on electromagnetic force and experimental method |
| CN107246946A (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2017-10-13 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | A kind of dynamic pulse moment of torsion excitation generating means of rotary axis |
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| CN110411862A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2019-11-05 | 西北工业大学 | Test device and test method for torsion mechanical property of the test material under middle strain rate |
| CN109187231A (en) * | 2018-09-04 | 2019-01-11 | 合肥姜水材性科技有限公司 | A kind of electromagnetism pressure-rotary split-Hopkinson torsional bar |
| CN110057663B (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2024-07-16 | 西南交通大学 | Electromagnetic Hopkinson torsion bar clamping and releasing device |
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| CN112834327B (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2022-07-12 | 哈尔滨瞬态加载试验设备技术开发有限公司 | Hopkinson torsion bar hydraulic clamping and releasing device |
| CN114414357A (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2022-04-29 | 西安交通大学 | Hopkinson bar electromagnetic loading device and implementation method |
| CN115452551B (en) * | 2022-08-23 | 2023-07-04 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | Pneumatic Hopkinson torsion bar device and operation method |
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