CN104886089B - Active polysaccharide application in preventing and treating corn top-rotten disease - Google Patents
Active polysaccharide application in preventing and treating corn top-rotten disease Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to active polysaccharide application in preventing and treating corn top-rotten disease, active polysaccharide 1.0 361ppm foliar spray, be used alone, or mixed with the soluble-salt containing plant nutrient, or and combined use of pesticides, preventing and treating corn top-rotten disease effect is notable.Active polysaccharide includes oligochitosan, Portugal's polyene sugar, has significant resistance inducing activity to crop, by induction basal resistance, strengthens the ability resisting environment-stress, prevents and control generation and the development of corn top-rotten disease.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the new application of active polysaccharide, particularly relate to active polysaccharide at preventing and treating Semen Maydis top rot
Application in disease.
Background technology
Corn top-rotten disease is Semen Maydis new expression, can be divided into from symptom bacillary infect, fungal infections,
Fungus antibacterial mixed infection.Corn top-rotten disease Symptoms complexity is various, can be at the whole trophophase of Semen Maydis
Infect morbidity.Wheat seeding is that plant strain growth is slow, and yellow streak, blade occurs in blade edge chlorosis
Deformity, shrinkage or distortion, severe disease strain is withered or dead；The middle and late growth stage show as leaf base rot,
Only depositing master pulse, completely but how middle and upper part deformity, rear tissue regeneration promoting leaf top rots, and causes that blade is short and small, leaf
Point is withered or incomplete, and blade edge often occurs cutting incising and yellow striped of shape like cutter；Strain table
Now for occurring downgrading in various degree, top vane is short and small, tissue is incomplete or gauffer distortion, and basal part of stem saves
Between short, often have channel-like cracking of seemingly damaging by worms, brown stain seen from longitudinal section, the slight disease plant later stage can take out
Male knot fringe, but female fringe is little, how shaky.Susceptible strain root system is undeveloped, and main root is short, root hair is many and thin
In velvet-like, root cap rots brown stain.Corn top-rotten disease finds first, then for 1998 in Fuxin, Liaoning Province
Onset area accounts for the 1/3 of maize sown area, and very fast at China's developmenting spread in recent years, the state of an illness is year by year
Increasing the weight of, occurrence scope constantly expands.At present Jilin, Liaoning, Heilungkiang, Xinjiang, Gansu, Ningxia,
The provinces and cities such as Hebei, Shandong, Henan, Beijing, sickness rate is 5%-34%, and locally plot is up to 70%
Above.Corn top-rotten disease occurs extensively, and harm is serious, and morbidity strain is had no harvest substantially, and Field diseases is i.e.
For production loss rate, the most progressively become the important disease of Semen Maydis.
The most less to the research of corn top-rotten disease, lack systematic research and effectively preventing
Measure, pathogenesis fail to understand, preventing and treating difficulty, the preventing and treating corn top-rotten disease medicament of implementation be bactericide,
Antifungal or the two mixing, carry out symptomatic treatment, all without obvious prevention effect, there is no preventing and treating
The report of the notable medicament of corn top-rotten disease effect.The present inventor is by study of incident mechanism for many years, in state
First corn top-rotten disease is classified as environment-stress sexually transmitted disease (STD) evil by pathogenicity disease, by induction basis
Resistance, improves diseased plant resistance against diseases and opposing environment-stress ability, slows down and eliminate what pathogen caused
Allergy, facilitates pathogen and the compatible symbiosis of Semen Maydis, prevent and controls the generation of corn top-rotten disease with
Development, is corn top-rotten disease study of incident mechanism and the new discovery of chemical control research, the most still
Have no relevant report.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the new application of active polysaccharide.
The present invention provides active polysaccharide application in the pesticide control preparing corn top-rotten disease.
Above-mentioned application:
Described pesticide control contains active polysaccharide.
Preferably, described pesticide control is active polysaccharide, or active polysaccharide with containing plant nutrient can
The mixture of soluble, or the mixture of active polysaccharide and pesticide.
Described active polysaccharide is one or both of oligochitosan or Portugal's polyene sugar.
Described active polysaccharide is preferably Portugal's polyene sugar or oligochitosan and the mixture of Portugal's polyene sugar.
The described soluble-salt containing plant nutrient, for containing plant a great number of elements, moderate-element, micro-
The soluble inorganic salt of secondary element or organic salt.
Of the present invention for mixed pesticide, for insecticide, antibacterial, plant growth regulator.
Application of the present invention, the consumption of active polysaccharide is 1.0-361ppm, and using method is blade face spray
Mist.
The application of the active polysaccharide that the present invention provides has the advantage that
1, active polysaccharide of the present invention is oligochitosan or Portugal's polyene sugar, wherein:
Oligochitosan (Oligosaccharins), chemical name β-Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-oligomerization-glucamine, belong to polysaccharide raw
Active substances, is a kind of plant resistance to environment stress derivant, soluble in water, steady in weak acid and weak base solution
Fixed, micro-poison, environment is prone to degraded.Oligochitosan can not only activate plant cell, promote root strong sprout,
Promote plant growing, and can activated plant immune system, improve relevant to disease-resistant and degeneration-resistant metabolism
Defensive ferment and Active oxygen eliminating enzyme system system activity, induce the disease resistance of plant, cold resistance, anti-height
The resistance such as temperature, fighting drought, anti-saline and alkaline, anti-fertilizer damage, prevent, alleviate and to repair adverse circumstance thin to plant
The injury of born of the same parents.
Portugal's polyene sugar belongs to polysaccharide bioactive substance, is a kind of novel plant resistance to environment stress derivant, micro-
Poison, soluble in water.Portugal's polyene sugar can induce plant to produce as external source regulatory factor can kill cause of disease
The protective plant protecting agent of microorganism, reduces the generation of various crop disease；It is also used as growth regulator to have
Effect promote plant growing, branch, bloom, every metabolic activity such as result, improve crop yield.
2, inventor is through corn top-rotten disease study of incident mechanism for many years, finds corn top-rotten disease morbidity
Immediate cause is bad environmental condition, and for environment-stress sexually transmitted disease (STD) evil, the essence of aobvious disease is bad ring
Border condition reduces the systemic disease resistance of Semen Maydis, induces pathologic disease, show as fungal infection,
Antibacterial infects or fungus bacteria mixed infection, and effectively preventing approach should be induction of resistance.
3, compared with the prior art promoted, the corn top-rotten disease pesticide control carried out at present is antifungal
Agent and bactericide, carry out symptomatic treatment, and prevention effect is very poor；The present invention utilizes the anti-of active polysaccharide
Property inducing action, induce basal resistance, improve disease resistance and resistance, strengthen and resist environment-stress
Ability, slows down Semen Maydis allergy, prevents and control generation and the development of corn top-rotten disease, preventing and treating effect
Fruit is notable.
4, the new application of the active polysaccharide that the present invention provides, using method is the common knowledge of this area,
Such as foliar spray, pouring root, drip irrigation etc., preferably foliar spray.It is possible not only to spray prevention Semen Maydis in advance
The generation of top rot, and can treat after corn top-rotten disease occurs.Those skilled in the art
Consumption can be adjusted as required.
Detailed description of the invention
Following example and experimental example further illustrate present disclosure, but should not be construed as this
Bright restriction.
In the following examples, the particle size range of all raw materials does not limits, in order to meet preparation mobility,
The needs of the uniformity, preferred size is the raw material components of 0.01-0.99mm, but should not constitute the present invention
Restriction.
It addition, the active polysaccharide used by the present invention is the raw material that commercially available purity is higher, purity reaches not
To 100%, but prevention effect will not be produced other impact.
Embodiment 1 oligochitosan
Oligochitosan by 90% dilutes-9 ten thousand times of liquid of 4500 times of liquid, and being configured to oligochitosan concentration is
The solution of 10-200ppm, foliage-spray preventing and treating corn top-rotten disease.
Embodiment 2 Portugal polyene sugar
95% Portugal's polyene malt sugar is released-95 ten thousand times of liquid of 20,000 times of liquid, and being configured to Portugal's polyene sugar concentration is
1.0-47.5ppm solution, foliage-spray preventing and treating corn top-rotten disease.
Embodiment 3 oligochitosans+Portugal's polyene sugar
Weigh 90% oligochitosan 95.5g, 95% Portugal polyene sugar 4.5g, mix homogeneously, be compounded into active polysaccharide
The mixture preparation of content 90.2% (oligochitosan and Portugal's polyene sugar ratio are 20:1).Mixture is diluted 2500
Times-5 ten thousand times of liquid of liquid, are configured to solution (oligochitosan+Portugal's polyene that active polysaccharide concentration is 18.0-361ppm
Sugar=20+1), foliage-spray preventing and treating corn top-rotten disease.
Embodiment 4 oligochitosans+copper chloride+manganese chloride
Weigh 90% oligochitosan 22.2g, copper chloride 38.9g, manganese chloride 38.9g, mix homogeneously, be compounded into
The mixture preparation of oligochitosan content 20%.Mixture is diluted-2 ten thousand times of liquid of 1000 times of liquid, is configured to oligochitosan
Concentration is the solution of 10-200ppm, foliage-spray preventing and treating corn top-rotten disease.
Embodiment 5 Portugal polyene sugar+calcium acetate
Weigh 95% Portugal polyene sugar 10.5g, calcium acetate 89.5g, mix homogeneously, be compounded into Portugal's polyene sugar and contain
The mixture preparation of amount 10%.Mixture is diluted-10 ten thousand times of liquid of 2000 times of liquid, is configured to Portugal's polyene sugar concentration
For the solution of 1-50ppm, foliage-spray preventing and treating corn top-rotten disease.
Embodiment 6 oligochitosans+potassium dihydrogen phosphate+potassium sulfate
Weigh 90% oligochitosan 11.1g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 40.0g, potassium sulfate 48.9g, mix homogeneously, mix
It is made into the mixture preparation of oligochitosan content 10%.Mixture is diluted-1 ten thousand times of liquid of 500 times of liquid, prepares shelling
Oligosaccharide concentration is the solution of 10-200ppm, foliage-spray preventing and treating corn top-rotten disease.
Embodiment 7 Portugal polyene sugar+carbendazim
Weigh 95% Portugal polyene sugar 10.5g, 50% carbendazol wettable powder 89.5g, mix homogeneously, mix
It is made into the mixture preparation of Portugal's polyene sugar content 10%.Mixture is diluted-10 ten thousand times of liquid of 2000 times of liquid, preparation
Becoming Portugal's polyene sugar concentration is the solution of 1-50ppm, foliage-spray preventing and treating corn top-rotten disease.
Embodiment 8 oligochitosans+imidacloprid
Weigh 90% oligochitosan 11.1g, 20% imidacloprid soluble powder agent 88.9g, mix homogeneously, mixture
Become the mixture preparation of Portugal's polyene sugar content 10%.Mixture is diluted-1 ten thousand times of liquid of 500 times of liquid, prepares shelling
Oligosaccharide concentration is the solution of 10-200ppm, foliage-spray preventing and treating corn top-rotten disease.
Experimental example 1
1 test method
Test process and spraying concentration are shown in Table 1.Wherein, process prepared by 1-8 respectively embodiment 1-8
Solution；Process 9 and compare " 50% carbendazol wettable powder+72% agricultural streptomycin soluble powder for medicament
Agent " (1+1) ck1；Process 10 and compare ck for clear water0。
Experimental field select at Qingfeng County willow lattice.Corn variety for dredging single 20, density 4500 plants/acre, etc.
Line-spacing is planted, line-spacing 0.6 meter.Corn top-rotten disease early period of origination, each process labelling diseased plant 3 groups, often group
100 strains, spray once in 3 days, spray 2 times altogether.Second time sprays 4 days " Invest, Then Investigate " incidences.
Grade scale: healthy tree, normal strain or diseased plant restore normal growth；Diseased plant, shows diseased plant symptom,
Do not recover or restore normal growth the most completely.
Prevention effect computing formula is as follows:
Diseased plant rate (%)=diseased plant number/investigate total strain number × 100
Prevention effect (%)=(1 processes diseased plant rate/comparison diseased plant rate) × 100
Table 1 test processes
2 result of the tests: be shown in Table 2.
Corn top-rotten disease result of the test prevented and treated by table 2
Table 2 result shows:
1) effect processing 1-8 preventing and treating corn top-rotten disease is that 53.3%-78.7%, all pole are significantly better than sterilization
The preventive effect 41.0% of medicament comparison.Show that active polysaccharide and mixture preparation thereof can be effectively used for preventing and treating Semen Maydis top
Maize ear rot.
2) process 3 prevention effect 71.3%, be significantly better than process 1, process 2 prevention effect 53.3%,
62.0%.Processing 3 is the mixture of active polysaccharide oligochitosan and Portugal's polyene sugar, and effective ingredient spraying concentration divides
Not Wei 71.5ppm and 3.5ppm, the effective ingredient spraying concentration of its correspondence is below processing effective one-tenth of 1
Divide spraying concentration 100ppm, the effective ingredient spraying concentration 5ppm of process 2.Show that oligochitosan gathers with Portugal
Glycal combination has synergism.
3) process 4, the prevention effect of process 5 are 77.7%, 78.7%, are significantly better than at oligochitosan single dose
Reason 1, Portugal's polyene sugar single dose process 2.Process 4, to process 5 and be respectively oligochitosan, Portugal's polyene sugared and middle amount
Element, the mixture of trace element.Result shows, oligochitosan, Portugal's polyene sugar and moderate-element, trace
There is between element synergism.
4) process 6,7,8 and be respectively active polysaccharide and a great number of elements, insecticide, the mixture of antibacterial,
Prevention effect with corresponding active polysaccharide single dose without significant difference.Result shows, a great number of elements, parasite killing
Agent, antibacterial without potentiation, but can meet other demand of farming to active polysaccharide.
Experimental example 2
1 test processes
Process 1-4 and be respectively 0.5% Portugal's polyene solvable powder of sugar, 5% oligochitosan water preparation, 6% oligosaccharide element
Water preparation, 2% lentinan water preparation, commercially available product；Process 5 and compare ck for clear water0。
2 test methods
Test site, method are with experimental example 1.
3 result of the tests: be shown in Table 3.
Table 3 polysaccharide preventing and treating corn top-rotten disease contrast test
Table 3 result shows, processes 1-4 Portugal polyene sugar 5ppm, oligochitosan 100ppm, oligosaccharide element
The effect of 100ppm, lentinan 100ppm preventing and treating corn top-rotten disease is respectively 63.3%, 55.3%,
46.0%, 44.0%, the preventive effect of Portugal's polyene sugar is best, is significantly better than oligochitosan, oligosaccharide element, Lentinus Edodes
Polysaccharide；The preventive effect of oligochitosan is significantly better than oligosaccharide element, lentinan；The preventive effect of oligosaccharide element is with fragrant
Mushroom polysaccharide is suitable.
Although, used general explanation, detailed description of the invention and test, the present invention made
Detailed description, but on the basis of the present invention, it can be made some modifications or improvements, this is to this
It is apparent from for skilled person.Therefore, institute without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention
The these modifications or improvements done, belong to the scope of protection of present invention.
Claims (5)
1. active polysaccharide application in the pesticide control preparing corn top-rotten disease, it is characterised in that institute
Stating active polysaccharide is Portugal polyene sugar or oligochitosan and the mixture of Portugal's polyene sugar.
Application the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described pesticide control is possibly together with planting
The soluble-salt of thing nutrition or pesticide.
Application the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described containing plant nutrient can
Soluble, for containing plant a great number of elements, moderate-element, the soluble inorganic salt of trace element or have
Machine salt.
Application the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described pesticide is insecticide, kills
Microbial inoculum or plant growth regulator.
5. according to the application described in any one of claim 1-4, it is characterised in that using method is activity
Polysaccharide 1.0-361ppm foliar spray.
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| CN106719665A (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2017-05-31 | 许卫峰 | A kind of bactericide of the sugar of polyene containing Portugal and Xinjunan acetate |
| CN109956801A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2019-07-02 | 郴州市通源生物科技有限公司 | A kind of liquid fertilizer and preparation method thereof for fruit corn flower bud development |
| CN109956813A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2019-07-02 | 郴州市通源生物科技有限公司 | A kind of liquid fertilizer and preparation method thereof improving fruit corn fruit quality |
| CN109704889A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-05-03 | 沃稞生物科技(大连)有限公司 | A kind of fertilizer synergistic auxiliary agent that root fertilizer is synchronous |
| CN110105133A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2019-08-09 | 湖北工程学院 | A kind of dedicated degeneration-resistant foliar fertilizer of Brassica rapa L and its application method |
| CN113040148B (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2022-03-25 | 四川百事东旺生物科技有限公司 | Agricultural composition containing glucan |
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| CN102792949A (en) * | 2012-08-31 | 2012-11-28 | 山东亿嘉农化有限公司 | Compound composition resisting plant viruses |
| CN103598182B (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2014-12-10 | 郭红甫 | Prevention and control agent for banded sclerotial blight of crops |
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Inventor after: Guo Hongfu Inventor after: Liu Yaping Inventor after: Yue Zhenguo Inventor after: Gao Hongze Inventor after: Sun Gangqiang Inventor after: Wang Liumei Inventor after: Xue Zhongli Inventor after: Feng Zili Inventor after: Wang Xiangping Inventor after: Liu Hongjun Inventor after: Hu Yuxiang Inventor after: Wang Min Inventor after: Chen Luting Inventor after: Liu Xiaofan Inventor after: Guo Hui Inventor after: Zhou Juanli Inventor after: Zhao Ping Inventor after: Qi Xiaoguang Inventor after: Zhang Xiaoying Inventor after: Liang Bing Inventor after: Su Dongsheng Inventor after: Li Na Inventor after: Zhu Heqin Inventor after: Han Bing Inventor after: Jia Xinghua Inventor after: Wang Suna Inventor after: Wang Zhaoliang Inventor after: Kang Hailin Inventor after: Tang Huijuan Inventor after: Zhang Shujie Inventor after: Guo Hongfu Wang Min Zhu Heqin Wang Qinglian Li Zhengdao Cao Yunhui Sun Huatian Qin Haiying Liu Yaping Yue Zhenguo Gao Hongzesun Ren party should be Wang Liumei Xue Zhongli Feng Zili Wang Xiangping Liu Hongjun Hu Yuxiang and Chen Luting Liu Xiaofan Guo Hui Zhou Juanli Zhang Xiaoying Liang Bing Su Dongsheng Qi Ping Zhao Xiaoguang Li Na Han Bingjia Wang Suna Wang Zhaoliang Kang Hailin Tang Huijuan Zhang Shujie Wang Yating Xinghua Inventor after: Wang Qinglian Inventor after: Li Zhengdao Inventor after: Cao Junhui Inventor after: Sun Huatian Inventor after: Ren Yingdang Inventor after: Qin Haiying Inventor before: Guo Hongfu Inventor before: Xue Zhongli Inventor before: Feng Zili Inventor before: Wang Xiangping Inventor before: Liu Hongjun Inventor before: Hu Yuxiang Inventor before: Chen Luting Inventor before: Liu Xiaofan Inventor before: Guo Hui Inventor before: Zhou Juanli Inventor before: Zhao Ping Inventor before: Zhu Heqin Inventor before: Zhang Xiaoying Inventor before: Liang Bing Inventor before: Li Zhengdao Inventor before: Cao Junhui Inventor before: Sun Huatian Inventor before: Ren Yingdang Inventor before: Gao Hongze Inventor before: Sun Gangqiang Inventor before: Wang Liumei |
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