CN104885611A - Method for improving soil saline alkali - Google Patents
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- CN104885611A CN104885611A CN201510346289.7A CN201510346289A CN104885611A CN 104885611 A CN104885611 A CN 104885611A CN 201510346289 A CN201510346289 A CN 201510346289A CN 104885611 A CN104885611 A CN 104885611A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for improving soil saline alkali, belongs to the technical field of soil adjustment methods and mainly solves the problems of poor soil saline alkali improvement effects, small improvement saline alkali soil areas and low unit yields in the prior art. The method comprises fifteen steps of land flattening, seedling bed arranging, land leveling, alkali washing, alkali pressing, seed selection, seed sowing and seedling raising, greenhouse building, ventilation and temperature management, seedling water management, seedling pest control, land beating leveling, seedling transplanting, tillering stage management and booting and earing period management. By the aid of the method, by means of autotetraploid rice planting, water management strengthening, organic fertilizer increasing, integrated control of plant diseases and insect pests and land management, the soil saline alkali is improved apparently, the saline-alkali soil is improved in large area, and the yield per unit is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for improvement soil saline alkali, belong to soil control method technical field.
Background technology
The basic reason that saline-alkali soil is formed is that water regime is bad, so at the improvement initial stage, emphasis should be placed on and improve above water regime of soil.A general point a few step is carried out, first salt discharge, the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, reduction soil salt content; Plant the plant of Salt And Alkali Tolerance again, fertilizing soil; Last long-term cropping.Concrete ameliorative measure is: draining, and irrigate the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, warp improvement, rice cultivation, improvement of fostering and apply fertilizer, levels land and chemical modifying.
The alkaline land improving technology of current biological modification saline land method mainly single or compound, has following defect: in use, the improved effect of soil salt alkalescence is poor for (1) existing biological modification saline land method; (2) area improveing saline land is little; (3) biological modification adopted, specific yield is low, deficiency in economic performance.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the defect overcoming the method existence of existing biological modification saline land, provide a kind of method improveing soil saline alkali, utilize the advantage of Autotetraploidy Rice saline-alkali tolerance, saline land is directly planted the Autotetraploidy Rice of Salt And Alkali Tolerance, thus significantly improve soil salt alkalescence, large area improvement saline land, and specific yield is high.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize.The method of improvement soil saline alkali, the method comprises the steps:
Improve a method for soil saline alkali, the method comprises the steps:
Step one, land readjustment: plot partition number, every block area, at 3-4 mu, ploughs deeply 30cm, carries out land for growing field crops simultaneously and fosters and apply fertilizer;
Step 2, seedling bed arrange: seedling bed ditch depth 30cm, and row spacing is 120cm;
Step 3, ground levelling: ploughing depth 12-15cm, rake, carefully whole, and the monolithic soil discrepancy in elevation is no more than 5cm;
Step 4, soda: water is poured in ground, depth of water 5-10cm, soaked field uses no-tillage machine to stir for 2 days afterwards, salinity in soil is fully dissolved, then draining, makes the salt in soil enter alkali canal with water, so repeat 2-3 time;
Step 5, pressure alkali: after soda completes, pour water immediately in plot, water depth 10-15cm, and carry out large hydraulic pressure alkali, after this can not cut off the water supply in plot, and the pressure alkali time was at least 7 days;
Step 6, seed selection: airing seed 2-3 days, choose full grains, Salt And Alkali Tolerance Autotetraploidy Rice seed of the same size, and be stir rice paddy seed in 25% prochloraz solution in concentration, drain away the water after 24h and carry out second time immersion, second time drains away the water after soaking 24h and carries out third time immersion, after immersion, seed is drained, the standby sowing of airing;
Step 7, sowing seedling: grain weight 8-10 pound/acre;
Step 8, scaffolding: it is highly the shed of 40-50cm that rice seedling bed surrounding is built;
Step 9, ventilation and temperature treatment: after planting 5-7 days, open shed two and ventilate; Rice shoot grows to leaf one heart stage, and temperature controls within 30 DEG C; Two leaf one heart stages, temperature controls be 28 DEG C-30 DEG C; Three leaves wholeheartedly after date, takes off film completely;
Step 10, water management in seedling stage: Qi Miao, to transplanting, control water; Two leaves wholeheartedly to tri-leaf period, moisturizing; Before the four leaf phases to transplanting, control water; Ensure before rice transplanting that seedling bed has water to height of seedling 3-5cm;
Step 11, seedling stage diseases and pests are prevented and treated: spray enclosed weeding agent before scaffolding, in two leaf wholeheartedly to three leaves wholeheartedly period, manually cut weeds; Two leaf one heart stages, mu concentration is that 10% rice rises, and be watered 20 kilograms of even spraying, chlopyrifos every mu 70ml mixes native 20-30kg; Spray strong matter root methylate thiophanate, jinggangmeisu, virus stock solution used in two leaf one heart stages, spray 2-3 time; In transplanting first 1 day, victory wetting powder 40 grams is opened up with 40% in every mu of seedbed, and to add concentration be that to add concentration be that to add concentration be 2% virus stock solution used 20 milliliters to 5% jinggangmeisu aqua 150-200 milliliter to 80% carbendazol wettable powder 80 grams, is watered 40 kilograms evenly manually or electric atomizings;
Step 12, soil making beating water leveling: carry out for before rice transplanting 1-2 days;
Step 13, rice transplanting: every cave 1-2 strain, line-spacing 30cm, spacing in the rows 20cm, the degree of depth of transplanting seedlings is less than 2cm; Diformazan bentazone, dichloro quinolinic acid every mu 0.5 bottle are watered 20 kg of solution and just spray; Concentration is that 40% cyanogen fluorine essence oxazole every mu 70ml mixes native 20-30kg; 150-200 gram of chlorophos is watered 50-100 kilogram of spraying control borer;
Step 14, management in tillering stage: seedling-protection of pouring water before period of seedling establishment, depth of water 6-7cm, ineffective tillering after date shallow water duty is filled with, water layer 3-5cm;
Step 15, pregnantly take out period management: draining or the in good time dry field 2-5 days of the dry method that naturally falls; Booting stage adopts intermittent irrigation, rice field water layer 3-5cm; The dry wet irrigation of heading and seeding stage, rice field water layer 3-5cm; Use mid-August machinery to spray and carry out disease pest and weed integrated control.
Preferably, plot have independent irrigation and drainage ability and foster and apply fertilizer in land for growing field crops manure use: chicken manure, 3-5 ton/mu.
Preferably, select one piece on the sunny side, wind sheltering, the water square soil of filling with is as the rice seedling bed of nursery.
Preferably, after soda completes, particularly during summer high temperature, rice field whether lack of water to be observed every day, carry out moisturizing according to plot water percolating capacity.
Preferably, within first 20 days, carry out water leveling in rice transplanting, because having ploughed seedling bed in advance during seedling bed soda, so no longer stir draining of directly pouring water, soda and pressure alkali carry out after water leveling.
Preferably, seedling bed due to pressure alkali be in water cover in, first moisture is drained, then by the rice paddy seed uniform broadcasting of above-mentioned immersion on seedling bed, use wooden winnowing spade to be pressed into by seed in seedling soil, finally spray enclosed weeding medicament and carry out seedling bed weed eradication: 17.2% dimepiperate
.bensulfuron-methyl wetting powder 200 grams/acre is watered 20kg.
Preferably, shed carries out covering at night when meeting low temperature.
Preferably, after planting 5-7 days, suitably can open shed two and ventilate; After Qi Miao about 7 days, early 8-9 point opened two, and afternoon, 3-4 point envelope reality was incubated; Two leaf one heart stages, fine day 8-9 in morning point left and right is taken off, and the morning about 10 at cloudy day takes off, and take off before light rain rain, take off after heavy rain rain, low temperature is then postponed and taken off film or do not take off, and accomplishes to take off lid at night day; Three leaves wholeheartedly after date, can take off film completely, ventilate round the clock.
Preferably, rice shoot grow to four leaves wholeheartedly time, above-mentioned seedling with adhering soil is dug out from rice seedling bed, be transplanted to transplanting rice seedling by hand in rice field, carry out immediately after rice transplanting changing water, the salt alkali content of water of walking about down on the farm in control rice transplanting process rises and causes dead seedling, and after changing water, the depth of water is not flooded the seedling heart and is as the criterion.
Preferably, turn green 30 days, comprise period of seedling establishment, productive tiller stage, ineffective tillering phase three processes, meet heavy rain weather, can retaining, but water layer is no more than 5cm, crosses dark draining in time.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) method of this improvement soil saline alkali, applying organic manure, provides comprehensive desired nutritional, particularly provides micronutrient element;
(2) method of this improvement soil saline alkali, saline soil used by seedling bed, and it can reduce salt content and the acid-base value of soil fast, improves the physicochemical character of soil, significantly improves the yield and quality of crop;
(3) method of this improvement soil saline alkali, strengthens water management, and that grasps paddy rice each breeding time needs water feature, and scientific and reasonable carries out water management, and emphasis is exactly desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching alkali;
(4) method of this improvement soil saline alkali, has independent irrigation and drainage ability, improves capacity to combat natural adversities;
(5) method of this improvement soil saline alkali, uses Autotetraploidy Rice, has fertilizer resistance anti-lodging volt, Salt And Alkali Tolerance, blast resisting, anti-cold, early growth and quick tiller, straw staygreen feature;
(6) method of this improvement soil saline alkali, the integrated control of damage by disease and insect, uses agricultural chemicals safely, prevents agricultural chemicals to agricultural product and environment.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1:
Step one, land readjustment: plot partition number, every block area, at 3-4 mu, ploughs deeply 30cm, carries out land for growing field crops simultaneously and fosters and apply fertilizer;
Step 2, seedling bed arrange: seedling bed ditch depth 30cm, and row spacing is 120cm;
Step 3, ground levelling: ploughing depth 12-15cm, rake, carefully whole, and the monolithic soil discrepancy in elevation is no more than 5cm;
Step 4, soda: water is poured in ground, depth of water 5-10cm, soaked field uses no-tillage machine to stir for 2 days afterwards, salinity in soil is fully dissolved, then draining, makes the salt in soil enter alkali canal with water, so repeat 2-3 time;
Step 5, pressure alkali: after soda completes, pour water immediately in plot, water depth 10-15cm, and carry out large hydraulic pressure alkali, after this can not cut off the water supply in plot, and the pressure alkali time was at least 7 days;
Step 6, seed selection: airing seed 2-3 days, choose full grains, Salt And Alkali Tolerance Autotetraploidy Rice seed of the same size, and be stir rice paddy seed in 25% prochloraz solution in concentration, drain away the water after 24h and carry out second time immersion, second time drains away the water after soaking 24h and carries out third time immersion, after immersion, seed is drained, the standby sowing of airing;
Step 7, sowing seedling: grain weight 8-10 pound/acre;
Step 8, scaffolding: it is highly the shed of 40-50cm that rice seedling bed surrounding is built;
Step 9, ventilation and temperature treatment: after planting 5-7 days, open shed two and ventilate; Rice shoot grows to leaf one heart stage, and temperature controls within 30 DEG C; Two leaf one heart stages, temperature controls be 28 DEG C-30 DEG C; Three leaves wholeheartedly after date, takes off film completely;
Step 10, water management in seedling stage: Qi Miao, to transplanting, control water; Two leaves wholeheartedly to tri-leaf period, moisturizing; Before the four leaf phases to transplanting, control water; Ensure before rice transplanting that seedling bed has water to height of seedling 3-5cm;
Step 11, seedling stage diseases and pests are prevented and treated: spray enclosed weeding agent before scaffolding, in two leaf wholeheartedly to three leaves wholeheartedly period, manually cut weeds; Two leaf one heart stages, mu concentration is that 10% rice rises, and be watered 20 kilograms of even spraying, chlopyrifos every mu 70ml mixes native 20-30kg; Spray strong matter root methylate thiophanate, jinggangmeisu, virus stock solution used in two leaf one heart stages, spray 2-3 time; In transplanting first 1 day, victory wetting powder 40 grams is opened up with 40% in every mu of seedbed, and to add concentration be that to add concentration be that to add concentration be 2% virus stock solution used 20 milliliters to 5% jinggangmeisu aqua 150-200 milliliter to 80% carbendazol wettable powder 80 grams, is watered 40 kilograms evenly manually or electric atomizings;
Step 12, soil making beating water leveling: carry out for before rice transplanting 1-2 days;
Step 13, rice transplanting: every cave 1-2 strain, line-spacing 30cm, spacing in the rows 20cm, the degree of depth of transplanting seedlings is less than 2cm; Diformazan bentazone, dichloro quinolinic acid every mu 0.5 bottle are watered 20 kg of solution and just spray; Concentration is that 40% cyanogen fluorine essence oxazole every mu 70ml mixes native 20-30kg; 150-200 gram of chlorophos is watered 50-100 kilogram of spraying control borer;
Step 14, management in tillering stage: seedling-protection of pouring water before period of seedling establishment, depth of water 6-7cm, ineffective tillering after date shallow water duty is filled with, water layer 3-5cm;
Step 15, pregnantly take out period management: draining or the in good time dry field 2-5 days of the dry method that naturally falls; Booting stage adopts intermittent irrigation, rice field water layer 3-5cm; The dry wet irrigation of heading and seeding stage, rice field water layer 3-5cm; Use mid-August machinery to spray and carry out disease pest and weed integrated control.
Plot have independent irrigation and drainage ability and foster and apply fertilizer in land for growing field crops manure use: chicken manure, 3-5 ton/mu.
Select one piece on the sunny side, wind sheltering, the water square soil of filling with is as the rice seedling bed of nursery.
After soda completes, particularly during summer high temperature, rice field whether lack of water to be observed every day, carry out moisturizing according to plot water percolating capacity.
Within first 20 days, carry out water leveling in rice transplanting, because having ploughed seedling bed in advance during seedling bed soda, so no longer stir draining of directly pouring water, soda and pressure alkali carry out after water leveling.
Seedling bed due to pressure alkali be in water cover in, first moisture is drained, then by the rice paddy seed uniform broadcasting of above-mentioned immersion on seedling bed, use wooden winnowing spade seed is pressed in seedling soil, finally spray enclosed weeding medicament and carry out seedling bed weed eradication: 17.2% dimepiperate
.bensulfuron-methyl wetting powder 200 grams/acre is watered 20kg.
Shed carries out covering at night when meeting low temperature.
After planting 5-7 days, suitably can open shed two and ventilate; After Qi Miao about 7 days, early 8-9 point opened two, and afternoon, 3-4 point envelope reality was incubated; Two leaf one heart stages, fine day 8-9 in morning point left and right is taken off, and the morning about 10 at cloudy day takes off, and take off before light rain rain, take off after heavy rain rain, low temperature is then postponed and taken off film or do not take off, and accomplishes to take off lid at night day; Three leaves wholeheartedly after date, can take off film completely, ventilate round the clock.
Rice shoot grow to four leaves wholeheartedly time, above-mentioned seedling with adhering soil is dug out from rice seedling bed, is transplanted to transplanting rice seedling by hand in rice field, carry out immediately after rice transplanting changing water, the salt alkali content of water of walking about down on the farm in control rice transplanting process rises and causes dead seedling, and after changing water, the depth of water is not flooded the seedling heart and is as the criterion.
Turn green 30 days, comprise period of seedling establishment, productive tiller stage, ineffective tillering phase three processes, meet heavy rain weather, can retaining, but water layer is no more than 5cm, crosses dark draining in time.
Embodiment 2:
Applying organic manure, chicken manure, 3-5 ton/mu.Fertilizer contains various nutrient elements, except nitrogenous, phosphorus, potassium macroelement, also containing the moderate-element needed for many crops, can promote comprehensive desired nutritional, particularly provide micro-element nutrition to paddy rice.Quality and the palatability of rice can be improved simultaneously.Fertilizer, containing organic and humus, can improve soil structure, coordinates water, fertilizer, gas, the heat of soil, strengthens venting and water permeable ability and fertilizer conservation, water conservation, fertilizer, the water supply capacity of soil.Fertilizer contains growth hormone, vitamin, humic acid and amino acid organic substance, can play special role to rice nutrition physiology and Biochemical processes, and carbon dioxide can also be provided for Rice Photosynthesis.Fertilizer resiliency is large, can relax soil ph change, can remove or alleviate the harm of the many paddy rice of salt bases soil.Fertilizer applicability is wide, all applicable to all kinds of soil.And be conducive to controlling widespread pollution from the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides in rural area, preserve the ecological environment.
Embodiment 3:
Saline soil used by seedling bed, the agent of saline and alkaline improvement moisture, adjustment C/N ratio changes soil aggregate, and it is active that adjustment sodium ion and calcium ion ratio reduce sodium ion, reduces salt damage; Utilize plant secretion thing organic acid, reduce pH value; Absorption salt ion, precipitation; Increase soil permeability, increase oxygen and biologically active.Saline and alkaline improvement granule increases crop full nutrition (full trace element); Promote that root system of plant absorbs; The effect of balance N P and K, the waste of minimizing fertilizer, reduction soil acidity or alkalinity, reduction pH value, absorption sodium ion.
Embodiment 4:
It should be noted that the present invention needs each stage at paddy growth, rational use of chemical fertilizer, select sulphur ammonium and superphosphate fertilizer as far as possible.Sulphur ammonium can be adsorbed by soil colloid due to ammonium radical ion, and unsuitable leaching loss, can make base manure deep placement.Superphosphate water soluble phosphorous fertilizer should be used in neutrality, alkalescence, limy soil.By rational use of chemical fertilizer, soil compaction, acidifying, salinization of soil phenomenon can be reduced.
Embodiment 5:
Consolidation: independent irrigation and drainage ability, single field height low head are no more than 5 centimetres.For the ease of management, plot partition number, falls in conjunction with soil difference of height, and use ridger to build the ridge, every block area, at 3-4 mu, has independent irrigation and drainage ability, carries out ploughing deeply 30cm afterwards and goes out and blue or greenly shine soil (at the beginning of 3 months), carry out land for growing field crops simultaneously and foster and apply fertilizer.
Embodiment 6:
Use Autotetraploidy Rice.Utilize the advantage of Autotetraploidy Rice saline-alkali tolerance, saline land is directly planted the Autotetraploidy Rice of Salt And Alkali Tolerance, thus improvement soil saline alkali.Utilize modern biotechnology to induce into Autotetraploidy Rice diploid rice, carry out salt tolerance afterwards, filter out the paddy rice new germ plasm with anti-saline-alkali property, implantation methods comprises the following steps: A, rice seed disinfection; B, vernalization; C, rice seedling bed prepare; D, seeding and seedling raising; E, land for growing field crops arrange; F, rice transplanting; G, fertilising; H, irrigation; I, the extermination of disease and insect pest; J, results.
Embodiment 7:
Strengthen water management: emphasis is exactly desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching alkali.The water management in seedling stage of step 10, Qi Miao, should control water, strong root, strong sprout to transplanting, and two leaves are wholeheartedly to tri-leaf period, and rice shoot leaf area increases and root system is still unsound, responsive to water deficit, often occur the dead seedling of leaf roll, and therefore, chance drought should suitably moisturizing; Four leaf phases strictly controlled water before transplanting, and noon, blade did not roll up not moisturizing; Ensure before rice transplanting that seedling bed has water to height of seedling 3-5cm; The water management in the tillering stage of step 14, turns green and starts through 30 days, comprise period of seedling establishment, productive tiller stage, ineffective tillering phase three processes; Transplant to seedling-protection of should pouring water before turning green, depth of water 6-7cm, after turning green, answer shallow water duty to fill with, water layer 3-5cm, or dew mud, to dry in the air field according to plot salinization and alkalization, can not dry in the air field in heavier plot, easily cause dead seedling, and lighter plot needs the short time to dry in the air field, time is unsuitable long, the easy accumulation of salt in the surface soil of soil, meets heavy rain weather, can retaining, but water layer is no more than 5cm and is advisable, cross dark draining in time; Phase panicle spike primordium differentiation stage water management is taken out in the pregnant of step 10 six: take draining or the in good time dry field of dry method that naturally falls, but will carry out respectively with soil alkaline degree, the dry field that salinization and alkalization is high is advisable for 2 days, irrigates, and prevents the too high soil accumulation of salt in the surface soil of temperature; Low can the irrigating after dry field 4-5 days of salinization and alkalization; Water management in booting stage: intermittent irrigation.Keep rice field water layer 3-5cm, be strictly on guard against that dehydration is suffered from drought, a retaining is no more than 5 days, with pouring water and overboard alternate intermittent irrigation method; Heading and seeding stage water management: dry wet irrigation.Keep rice field water layer 3-5cm, with pouring water and overboard alternate irrigation method, i.e. alternation of wetting and drying.
Embodiment 8:
The integrated control of damage by disease and insect.As shown in Table 1, seedling stage diseases and pests control: spray enclosed weeding agent before scaffolding; In two leaf wholeheartedly to three leaves wholeheartedly period, manually cut weeds, control injury rice shoot; In two leaf one heart stages, mu concentration is that 10% rice rises (suspending agent of 6.7% fipronil bisamide and 3.3% Avermectin ratio mixture), is watered 20 kilograms of even spraying, doublely can control rice thrips simultaneously; Chlopyrifos (40% cyanogen fluorine essence oxazole) every mu of 70ml mixes native 20-30kg and prevents and treats red line worm; Damping off will carry out control on daily observation basis, can start to spray strong matter root methylate thiophanate, jinggangmeisu, virus stock solution used in two leaf one heart stages, generally spray 2-3 time; In transplanting first 1 day, victory (Mobucin was opened up with 40% in every mu of seedbed
.pymetrozine) to add concentration be that to add concentration be that to add concentration be 2% virus stock solution used 20 milliliters to 5% jinggangmeisu aqua 150-200 milliliter to 80% carbendazol wettable powder 80 grams to wetting powder 40 grams, is watered 40 kilograms evenly manually or electric atomizings; Tillering stage: diformazan bentazone, dichloro quinolinic acid every mu 0.5 bottle are watered 20 kg of solution and just spray, and kill reed, rice galingale herb; Chlopyrifos (40% cyanogen fluorine essence oxazole) every mu of 70ml mixes native 20-30kg and prevents and treats red line worm, needs secondary deinsectization; 150-200 gram of chlorophos is watered 50-100 kilogram of spraying control borer; Pregnantly take out the phase: use mid-August machinery to spray and carry out integrated control.The agricultural chemicals configuration detail list used in integrated pest prevention and control process, refers to table one.
Table one
Certainly, foregoing is only the preferred embodiment of invention, can not be considered to for limiting inventive embodiment scope.Invention is also not limited in citing, and all changes that those skilled in the art make within the scope of essence of an invention and improvement, all should belong in the patent covering scope of invention.
Claims (10)
1. improve a method for soil saline alkali, it is characterized in that: the method comprises the steps:
Step one, land readjustment: plot partition number, every block area, at 3-4 mu, ploughs deeply 30cm, carries out land for growing field crops simultaneously and fosters and apply fertilizer;
Step 2, seedling bed arrange: seedling bed ditch depth 30cm, and row spacing is 120cm;
Step 3, ground levelling: ploughing depth 12-15cm, rake, carefully whole, and the monolithic soil discrepancy in elevation is no more than 5cm;
Step 4, soda: water is poured in ground, depth of water 5-10cm, soaked field uses no-tillage machine to stir for 2 days afterwards, salinity in soil is fully dissolved, then draining, makes the salt in soil enter alkali canal with water, so repeat 2-3 time;
Step 5, pressure alkali: after soda completes, pour water immediately in plot, water depth 10-15cm, and carry out large hydraulic pressure alkali, after this can not cut off the water supply in plot, and the pressure alkali time was at least 7 days;
Step 6, seed selection: airing seed 2-3 days, choose full grains, Salt And Alkali Tolerance Autotetraploidy Rice seed of the same size, and be stir rice paddy seed in 25% prochloraz solution in concentration, drain away the water after 24h and carry out second time immersion, second time drains away the water after soaking 24h and carries out third time immersion, after immersion, seed is drained, the standby sowing of airing;
Step 7, sowing seedling: grain weight 8-10 pound/acre;
Step 8, scaffolding: it is highly the shed of 40-50cm that rice seedling bed surrounding is built;
Step 9, ventilation and temperature treatment: after planting 5-7 days, open shed two and ventilate; Rice shoot grows to leaf one heart stage, and temperature controls within 30 DEG C; Two leaf one heart stages, temperature controls be 28 DEG C-30 DEG C; Three leaves wholeheartedly after date, takes off film completely;
Step 10, water management in seedling stage: Qi Miao, to transplanting, control water; Two leaves wholeheartedly to tri-leaf period, moisturizing; Before the four leaf phases to transplanting, control water; Ensure before rice transplanting that seedling bed has water to height of seedling 3-5cm;
Step 11, seedling stage diseases and pests are prevented and treated: spray enclosed weeding agent before scaffolding, in two leaf wholeheartedly to three leaves wholeheartedly period, manually cut weeds; Two leaf one heart stages, mu concentration is that 10% rice rises, and be watered 20 kilograms of even spraying, chlopyrifos every mu 70ml mixes native 20-30kg; Spray strong matter root methylate thiophanate, jinggangmeisu, virus stock solution used in two leaf one heart stages, spray 2-3 time; In transplanting first 1 day, victory wetting powder 40 grams is opened up with 40% in every mu of seedbed, and to add concentration be that to add concentration be that to add concentration be 2% virus stock solution used 20 milliliters to 5% jinggangmeisu aqua 150-200 milliliter to 80% carbendazol wettable powder 80 grams, is watered 40 kilograms evenly manually or electric atomizings;
Step 12, soil making beating water leveling: carry out for before rice transplanting 1-2 days;
Step 13, rice transplanting: every cave 1-2 strain, line-spacing 30cm, spacing in the rows 20cm, the degree of depth of transplanting seedlings is less than 2cm; Diformazan bentazone, dichloro quinolinic acid every mu 0.5 bottle are watered 20 kg of solution and just spray; Concentration is that 40% cyanogen fluorine essence oxazole every mu 70ml mixes native 20-30kg; 150-200 gram of chlorophos is watered 50-100 kilogram of spraying control borer;
Step 14, management in tillering stage: seedling-protection of pouring water before period of seedling establishment, depth of water 6-7cm, ineffective tillering after date shallow water duty is filled with, water layer 3-5cm;
Step 15, pregnantly take out period management: draining or the in good time dry field 2-5 days of the dry method that naturally falls; Booting stage adopts intermittent irrigation, rice field water layer 3-5cm; The dry wet irrigation of heading and seeding stage, rice field water layer 3-5cm; Use mid-August machinery to spray and carry out disease pest and weed integrated control.
2. the method for improvement soil saline alkali according to claim 1, is characterized in that: plot have independent irrigation and drainage ability and foster and apply fertilizer in land for growing field crops manure use: chicken manure, 3-5 ton/mu.
3. the method for improvement soil saline alkali according to claim 1, is characterized in that: select one piece on the sunny side, wind sheltering, the water square soil of filling with is as the rice seedling bed of nursery.
4. the method for improvement soil saline alkali according to claim 1, is characterized in that: after soda completes, and particularly during summer high temperature, will observe rice field whether lack of water every day, carry out moisturizing according to plot water percolating capacity.
5. the method for improvement soil saline alkali according to claim 1, is characterized in that: within first 20 days, carry out water leveling in rice transplanting, and because having ploughed seedling bed in advance during seedling bed soda, so no longer stir draining of directly pouring water, soda and pressure alkali carry out after water leveling.
6. the method for improvement soil saline alkali according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: seedling bed is in water covering owing to pressing alkali, first moisture is drained, then by the rice paddy seed uniform broadcasting of above-mentioned immersion on seedling bed, use wooden winnowing spade to be pressed into by seed in seedling soil, finally spray enclosed weeding medicament and carry out seedling bed weed eradication: 17.2% dimepiperate
.bensulfuron-methyl wetting powder 200 grams/acre is watered 20kg.
7. the method for improvement soil saline alkali according to claim 1, is characterized in that: shed carries out covering at night when meeting low temperature.
8. the method for improvement soil saline alkali according to claim 1, is characterized in that: after planting 5-7 days, suitably can open shed two and ventilate; After Qi Miao about 7 days, early 8-9 point opened two, and afternoon, 3-4 point envelope reality was incubated; Two leaf one heart stages, fine day 8-9 in morning point left and right is taken off, and the morning about 10 at cloudy day takes off, and take off before light rain rain, take off after heavy rain rain, low temperature is then postponed and taken off film or do not take off, and accomplishes to take off lid at night day; Three leaves wholeheartedly after date, can take off film completely, ventilate round the clock.
9. the method for improvement soil saline alkali according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: rice shoot grow to four leaves wholeheartedly time, above-mentioned seedling with adhering soil is dug out from rice seedling bed, be transplanted to transplanting rice seedling by hand in rice field, carry out immediately after rice transplanting changing water, the salt alkali content of water of walking about down on the farm in control rice transplanting process rises and causes dead seedling, and after changing water, the depth of water is not flooded the seedling heart and is as the criterion.
10. the method for improvement soil saline alkali according to claim 1, is characterized in that: turn green 30 days, comprises period of seedling establishment, productive tiller stage, ineffective tillering phase three processes, meets heavy rain weather, can retaining, but water layer is no more than 5cm, crosses dark draining in time.
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| CN201510346289.7A CN104885611B (en) | 2015-06-19 | 2015-06-19 | Method for improving soil saline alkali |
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Cited By (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105706557A (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2016-06-29 | 崔海洋 | Land improvement method |
| CN106069423A (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2016-11-09 | 郴州市苏仙区佳佳友制种专业合作社 | A kind of method planting high-yield rice on salt-soda soil |
| CN106325198A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-01-11 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Saline-alkali soil improvement drainage system and internet-of-things management system thereof |
| CN106376407A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-08 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Energy-saving planting method of paddy rice in saline and alkaline land |
| CN106538317A (en) * | 2016-11-02 | 2017-03-29 | 宫力臣 | Big Ridge Double Line of Rice permeability planting culture method |
| CN107087453A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-08-25 | 梁勇 | The method for improveing salt-soda soil |
| CN107667790A (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2018-02-09 | 山东省花生研究所 | The peanut that salt-soda soil increases income/cotton strip cropping method |
| CN108966717A (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2018-12-11 | 青岛全域盐碱地稻作改良研究院有限公司 | Four-dimensional alkaline land improving method |
| CN108966713A (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2018-12-11 | 青岛全域盐碱地稻作改良研究院有限公司 | A method of improvement salt-soda soil |
| CN108966722A (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2018-12-11 | 青岛全域盐碱地稻作改良研究院有限公司 | A method of apply four-dimensional improved method to carry out alkaline land improving |
| CN108966721A (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2018-12-11 | 青岛全域盐碱地稻作改良研究院有限公司 | A kind of method in four-dimensional improvement salt-soda soil |
| CN108966719A (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2018-12-11 | 青岛全域盐碱地稻作改良研究院有限公司 | One kind being suitable for northeast soda frozen soil alkaline land improving rice and makees method |
| CN109156108A (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2019-01-08 | 浙江普天园林建筑发展有限公司 | A kind of soil alkaline ground comprehensive processing method |
| CN109526302A (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-03-29 | 青岛东域盐碱地稻作改良研究所有限公司 | A method of promoting salt-soda soil germination of rice rate and the speed of growth |
| CN111630970A (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2020-09-08 | 中节能大地环境修复有限公司 | Restoration process of salinized soil and application thereof |
| CN112119849A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2020-12-25 | 青岛九天智慧农业集团有限公司 | Method for planting rice in saline-alkali soil by adopting dry transplanting mode |
| CN112237069A (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-01-19 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for transforming soda saline-alkali land waste fishpond into cattail wetland |
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Cited By (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105706557A (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2016-06-29 | 崔海洋 | Land improvement method |
| CN106069423A (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2016-11-09 | 郴州市苏仙区佳佳友制种专业合作社 | A kind of method planting high-yield rice on salt-soda soil |
| CN106325198A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-01-11 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Saline-alkali soil improvement drainage system and internet-of-things management system thereof |
| CN106325198B (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2018-12-04 | 山东胜伟盐碱地科技有限公司 | A kind of alkaline land improving drainage system based on Internet of Things |
| CN106376407A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-08 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Energy-saving planting method of paddy rice in saline and alkaline land |
| CN106538317A (en) * | 2016-11-02 | 2017-03-29 | 宫力臣 | Big Ridge Double Line of Rice permeability planting culture method |
| CN107087453A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-08-25 | 梁勇 | The method for improveing salt-soda soil |
| CN107667790A (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2018-02-09 | 山东省花生研究所 | The peanut that salt-soda soil increases income/cotton strip cropping method |
| CN108966717A (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2018-12-11 | 青岛全域盐碱地稻作改良研究院有限公司 | Four-dimensional alkaline land improving method |
| CN108966713A (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2018-12-11 | 青岛全域盐碱地稻作改良研究院有限公司 | A method of improvement salt-soda soil |
| CN108966722A (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2018-12-11 | 青岛全域盐碱地稻作改良研究院有限公司 | A method of apply four-dimensional improved method to carry out alkaline land improving |
| CN108966721A (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2018-12-11 | 青岛全域盐碱地稻作改良研究院有限公司 | A kind of method in four-dimensional improvement salt-soda soil |
| CN108966719A (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2018-12-11 | 青岛全域盐碱地稻作改良研究院有限公司 | One kind being suitable for northeast soda frozen soil alkaline land improving rice and makees method |
| CN109156108A (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2019-01-08 | 浙江普天园林建筑发展有限公司 | A kind of soil alkaline ground comprehensive processing method |
| CN109526302A (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-03-29 | 青岛东域盐碱地稻作改良研究所有限公司 | A method of promoting salt-soda soil germination of rice rate and the speed of growth |
| CN111630970A (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2020-09-08 | 中节能大地环境修复有限公司 | Restoration process of salinized soil and application thereof |
| CN112237069A (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-01-19 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for transforming soda saline-alkali land waste fishpond into cattail wetland |
| CN112119849A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2020-12-25 | 青岛九天智慧农业集团有限公司 | Method for planting rice in saline-alkali soil by adopting dry transplanting mode |
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