CN104878721A - Application of porous ecological concrete system in remediation of heavy metal and/or nitrogen and phosphor polluted sediment - Google Patents
Application of porous ecological concrete system in remediation of heavy metal and/or nitrogen and phosphor polluted sediment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses application of a porous ecological concrete system in remediation of heavy metal and/or nitrogen and phosphor polluted sediment. Porous ecological concrete comprises, by weight, activated coarse aggregate, cement and water according to the ratio of (4.02-5.69):1:(0.25-0.30); the activated coarse aggregate is one or any of zeolite, lava and activated carbon. In specific application, a porous ecological concrete covering layer of the activated porous ecological concrete is formed at a sediment-water interface; submerged plants are planted in the porous ecological concrete covering layer; under coaction of the porous ecological concrete covering layer and the submerged plants, internal release of the heavy metals and nitrogen and phosphorus in the sediment can be controlled effectively and stably for a long time; the porous ecological concrete covering layer helps well ensure overall structural completeness of a sediment covering layer, a good habitat is provided for the benthos, and the remediation and reconstruction of benthonic realm late in the remediation of the water body is facilitated.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to pollution of water remedying sludge technical field.More specifically, the application of a kind of porous ecological concrete system in heavy metal and/or nitrogen and phosphorus pollution remedying sludge is related to.
Background technology
At the surface water environment protection initial stage, people are devoted to the impact in cut-out or control outside contamination source quantitatively to reduce the total amount of pollutant entering water body more.But after the external source pollution affecting water quality is effectively controlled, water quality is not clearly better by expection, and some pollution situation worsens even further.Follow-up study finds, is considered to for a long time under the bed mud certain condition in reservoir pollution thing " accumulation storehouse " also the role serving as " source ".When condition changes, the pollutants such as nitrogen phosphorus, heavy metal and the organic matter accumulated in bed mud will discharge from bed mud.When external source pollution is effectively controlled, sediment release just becomes the primary pollution source affecting overlying water matter, and the internal loading therefore how effectively controlling Nitrogen In Sediment, phosphorus and heavy metal then becomes the key point improving water quality.
At present, peripheral doses, chemical redemption and biological prosthetic three major types can be divided into for water body endogenous pollution restorative procedure.Peripheral doses comprises dredging transfer, diversion dilution and covers the methods such as isolation.Pollutant can thoroughly remove by Sediment Dredging from original environment, but engineering quantity is large under normal circumstances, and the disturbance factor to water body/bed mud need be considered in force, and pollutant transfer and post-processed bring huge engineering consumption, issuable secondary pollution problems.Chemical redemption then needs to add chemical agent with fixed-contamination thing to polluted bed mud surface, has that instant effect, energy consumption are low, the advantage of small investment.But people is the chemical fixatives added to be reached after finite concentration and can produce potential hazard to environment, and therefore this restorative procedure is usually used in repairing the landscape water body in such as lake, city park, implements then risk high in water source type water body; In addition, chemical redemption can only for controlling kind is more single in bed mud nitrogen phosphorus or heavy metal release.Biological prosthetic is study and use more remedying sludge method at present, because it better maintains the original ecology of environment, detersive efficiency advantages of higher and studied person favor.But owing to relating to biological physiology characteristic, as biological growth needs certain growth cycle, thus biological prosthetic to accidental pollution emergency processing shortage immediate effect; Secondly, biological growth is limited to external environment usually, when sediment pollution seriously cannot reach biological normal existence metabolic conditions, and the biological prosthetic effect also cannot playing control polluted articles release; In addition, biological metabolism non-used all contaminants, even can by the pollutant of bio-absorbable/degraded, usually different biologies has selective, therefore still has many pollutants cannot by biological prosthetic reduction environmental hazard.
Bed mud soverlay technique started to be applied in the reparation of contaminated sediments in 20 century 70 later stages, although along with the development of research, constantly there is New technical use in remedying sludge, but one of three large technology to contaminated sediments reparation that bed mud soverlay technique is recommended as U.S. EPA, have its exclusive advantage and very important status in polluted bed mud repairing research.Compared with other technologies, soverlay technique only adds overburden on bed mud surface in repair process, largely avoid the interference to the original environment of water body/bed mud, and cover that the material used is normally cheap, the natural minerals that is easy to get or take plant as the environmental friendliness shaped material of raw material, to the harm of environment much smaller than chemical agent; Because available cladding material is of a great variety, soverlay technique is applicable to multiple types or compound polluted bed mud reparation, not only effectively can control Conventional pollution, and also the release of the persistence organic pollutant such as heavy metal and PCBs, PAHs has good inhibitory action.In view of effective, with low cost, the advantage such as ecological risk is less that soverlay technique has, this technology of the normal recommendation of research is used for external source pollution and is effectively controlled, the depth of water is suitable for cladding material throws in and the reparation of fixing waters without rigors, water project situation, according to on-the-spot Survey of contaminating status, suitable cladding material and coverage mode is selected to implement to repair.
Large quantifier elimination is done to the bed mud covering system be made up of clean deposition thing, sand and gravel both at home and abroad, and carried out many successful application.But clean deposition thing, sand and gravel etc. belong to inert material, to bed mud to discharge the crystallized ability of pollutant poor, it is lower that this causes the covering system built by inert material to control the efficiency of sediment contamination release.For overcoming the defect of bed mud inertia covering system, there has been proposed the concept of bed mud active barrier system, namely adopting and can adsorb or the bed mud covering system of material construction of co-precipitation pollutant.Compared with bed mud inertia covering system, bed mud active barrier system suppresses the efficiency of sediment contamination release to significantly improve.
Domesticly at present the report and Patents that utilize active cladding material Control pollution bed mud internal loading are engendered, but it is not enough below ubiquity: the active covering layer that (1) builds is very easy to cause active cladding material to run off by the impact of current scour, stormy waves, aquatile disturbance and newborn deposit covering etc., and the overall structure of active barrier system is wrecked; (2) the tightly packed change completely easily causing sediment situation of cladding material, destroy benthic living environment, although the effect at the initial stage of covering is comparatively obvious, because the heavy damage of benthonic realm, and be difficult to rebuild, make the ecosystem degradation of reparation water body; (3) cladding material is comparatively single for the sediment release pollutant controlled, and is mainly nitrogen phosphorus, and heavy metal release cannot accomplish effective control.As patent " natural zeolite directly adsorbs the physics administering method of river, lake reservoir pollution element " (200910168007.3), " covering the method that monolayer-modified biofilm zeolite in-situ continues to repair serious pollution bed mud " (201410312760.6) etc., the form directly covered with individual layer builds covering system, effectively can not prevent the loss of cladding material, make system cannot Control pollution bed mud internal loading steady in a long-term.Patent " cladding material of a kind of Nitrogen In Sediment immobilization in-situ immobilization and preparation method thereof " (201210206786.3), " a kind of bed mud active barrier system and method controlling sedimentary phosphate release " (201210246668.5), " a kind of active barrier system of in-situ control surface water body substrate sludge nitrogen Phosphurus release and method " (201310419706.7) etc., all adopt and add a cover down geotechnological layer of cloth on the cover layer to prevent the loss of active cladding material in bed mud active barrier system, but the geotechnological layer of cloth of Prof. Du Yucang is unknown on the impact of substrate, and the tight covering of geotechnological layer of cloth can change sediment completely, benthon is made to lose living environment, and be difficult to rebuild benthonic realm.And above patent is substantially all repair for single nitrogen & phosphorus release, do not realize the release of other pollutants such as heavy metal, this, for the reparation of contaminated sediments needing the internal loading controlling multiple pollutant, obviously also exists great limitation.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention overcomes defect and the deficiency that existing bed mud covers recovery technique, provides the application of a kind of porous ecological concrete system in heavy metal and/or nitrogen and phosphorus pollution remedying sludge.Described porous ecological concrete system is by collaborative kind of the planting submerged plant of porous ecological concrete layer, pollutants in sediments internal loading can be reduced, lastingly, stable heavy metal and/or nitrogen and phosphorus pollution bed mud carry out in-situ immobilization, and are convenient to rebuild the benthonic realm of repairing water body.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The application of porous ecological concrete in heavy metal and/or nitrogen and phosphorus pollution remedying sludge, described porous ecological concrete comprises the component of following weight ratio: active coarse aggregate: cement: water=4.02 ~ 5.69:1:0.25 ~ 0.30; Described active coarse aggregate is one or more in zeolite, pelelith or activated carbon.
Further, above-mentioned porous ecological concrete also comprises the poly carboxylic acid series water reducer of mass of cement 0.5 ~ 1%.
Further, the present invention discloses the application of a kind of porous ecological concrete system in heavy metal and/or nitrogen and phosphorus pollution remedying sludge, described porous ecological concrete system comprises porous ecological concrete layer, described porous ecological concrete layer is the porous ecological concrete covering layer formed in bed mud-water termination by active porous eco-concrete cladding material, and described active porous eco-concrete cladding material comprises the component of following weight ratio: active coarse aggregate: cement: water=4.02 ~ 5.69:1:0.25 ~ 0.30; Described active coarse aggregate is one or more in zeolite, pelelith or activated carbon.
Preferably, above-mentioned active porous eco-concrete cladding material also comprises the poly carboxylic acid series water reducer of mass of cement 0.5 ~ 1%.
More preferably, described active porous eco-concrete cladding material comprises active coarse aggregate, cement and the water that weight ratio is 4.52 ~ 5.51:1:0.25 ~ 0.28, also comprises the poly carboxylic acid series water reducer of mass of cement 0.7 ~ 0.8%.
In addition, preferably, the particle diameter of above-mentioned active coarse aggregate is 5 ~ 10mm; The tectal porosity >25% of described porous ecological concrete.
The embody rule method of above-mentioned porous ecological concrete system is:
S1. coarse aggregate is through pulverizing, sieving, clean, choose the coarse aggregate that particle diameter is 5 ~ 10mm, add the water of total water consumption 1/4, stir 1 ~ 2min, after making coarse aggregate surface wettability, add cement and water reducing agent, stir about 1 ~ 2min, make coarse aggregate surface uniform superscribe one deck cement paste shell, then the water adding surplus continue stir about 2 ~ 3min to mixing completely;
S2. the mixture obtained by S1 is directly built and is formed covering layer in polluted bed mud to be repaired, and the overburden cover of building is 0.5 ~ 5cm.
Or the mixture that S1 obtains can also be made into square member, more evenly throw in, lay to polluted bed mud to be repaired (as repaired purpose reservoir, lake and river) and form covering layer.The preferred size of described square member is 1m × 1m × 0.5 ~ 5cm.
Further, described porous ecological concrete system also comprises the submerged plant that porous ecological concrete layer is planted.
Preferably, described submerged plant is eel grass, black algae, watermifoil, the submerged plant that grows in hornwort or water body to be repaired, the planting density of submerged plant is 10 ~ 80g/m
2(concrete plantation density also visual object water body and the contaminated situation of bed mud and view needs to carry out Reasonable adjustment).
More preferably, described submerged plant is black algae or eel grass, and the planting density of black algae is 20g/m
2, the planting density of eel grass is 40g/m
2.
As a kind of the most preferred embodiment, described active porous eco-concrete cladding material comprises active coarse aggregate, cement and the water that weight ratio is 5.32:1:0.25, also comprises the poly carboxylic acid series water reducer of mass of cement 0.8%;
Described submerged plant is black algae, and planting density is 20g/m
2.
The tectal thickness of described porous ecological concrete is 2cm.
The porous ecological concrete system that the present invention builds comprises two parts altogether, the first makes active porous eco-concrete cladding material, adopt active coarse aggregate as cage construction, active coarse aggregate surface is evenly wrapped in using cement as adhesive backers, mushy structure can be formed, recycle active porous eco-concrete cladding material and form the active covering layer of one deck in bed mud-water termination, to reach lasting, the stable in-situ immobilization of heavy metal, nitrogen and phosphorus pollution bed mud; It two is that mushy tectum structure is beneficial to benthic existence, and plants planting submerged plant on active covering layer, can with active covering layer Collaborative Control internal loading, and contribute to the benthonic realm of recovering to repair water body and there is good landscape effect.
The present invention covers defect and the deficiency of recovery technique in order to overcome above-mentioned bed mud, done a large amount of explorations and research.Have research to disclose the porous concrete structure of vegetation type, it is a kind of concrete with special continuous gap structure, has good permeable and ventilating performance, and plant can direct growth in its surface, can be used for bank protection etc.The present invention innovates first and attempts the porous concrete structure of this vegetation type to be used in the reparation of the heavy metals such as artificial swamp and/or nitrogen and phosphorus pollution Sediments, but because there is the difference of essence in the bed muds such as artificial swamp and hillside fields, whether porous concrete structure also can be applied to above the bed muds such as artificial swamp? without any according to can reference.
The present invention finds in an experiment, maximum difficulty is how to realize porous ecological concrete cladding material directly to build to form covering layer in polluted bed mud to be repaired (at the bottom of the pool after landscape water body desilting), the formula of porous ecological concrete cladding material is undoubtedly the influence factor of most critical, should guarantee directly to build and can form complete covering layer when polluted bed mud to be repaired, ensure that the covering layer formed has certain intensity again, the tectal overall structural integrity of bed mud can be ensured, also want growth ensuring coverage layer being applicable to corresponding plant.
The present invention explores and research through a large amount of, has drawn a kind of porous ecological concrete system that can be applied to heavy metal and/or nitrogen and phosphorus pollution remedying sludge.This porous ecological concrete system is by structure active barrier system and collaborative kind of planting submerged plant carries out the lasting reparation of original position to polluted bed mud, main scheme for implementing said method is: utilize active porous eco-concrete cladding material to form one deck active barrier system in bed mud-water termination, the active barrier system layer formed effectively can control the internal loading of heavy metal and nitrogen phosphorus in bed mud, and on it, the submerged plant of plantation can be worked in coordination with and be absorbed nitrogen and phosphorous nutrient in pore water and overlying water and heavy metal.
Porous ecological concrete system of the present invention not only can effectively control heavy metal in bed mud, the internal loading of nitrogen phosphorus and organic pollution, reduce heavy metal and nitrogen and phosphorus content in overlying water, and active porous eco-concrete covering layer wherein can ensure the tectal overall structural integrity of bed mud preferably, tectal loose structure can provide good habitat for benthon simultaneously, be beneficial to the benthonic realm restoration and reconstruction repairing the water body later stage, can realize lake, river, reservoir, the in-situ immobilization of the pollution of water bed muds such as landscape water body and control Nitrogen In Sediment phosphorus, the release of heavy metal.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) porous ecological concrete system of the present invention effectively can prevent the loss of bed mud cladding material, keep tectal overall integrity, this in-situ remediation system can steady in a long-termly be run, to reach the lasting control to contaminated sediments internal loading.And mushy covering layer can provide good living environment for benthon, be conducive to the benthonic realm restoration and reconstruction repairing the water body later stage.
(2) the active cladding material that porous ecological concrete system of the present invention adopts is zeolite, pelelith, activated carbon, or their mixture, this active cladding material effectively can absorb heavy metal and/or the nitrogen phosphorus of sediment release, can accomplish once to cover, multiple control.
(3) plant the submerged plants such as the eel grass on porous ecological concrete layer, black algae, watermifoil, hornwort in porous ecological concrete system of the present invention and not only effectively can work in coordination with the internal loading that covering layer reduces heavy metal and/or nitrogen phosphorus, and contribute to the benthonic realm of recovering reparation water body, improve Water quality, and there is good landscape effect.
(4) material that porous ecological concrete system of the present invention uses is all environmental friendliness shaped materials, only add a small amount of chemical addition agent, cheap and easy to get, and this in-situ techniques is implemented simple, and bed mud heavy metal, nitrogen Phosphurus release can be suppressed significantly, be suitable for popularity.
Detailed description of the invention
Further illustrate the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment, but embodiment does not limit in any form to the present invention.Unless stated otherwise, the present invention adopts reagent, method and apparatus are the art conventional reagent, method and apparatus.
Unless stated otherwise, agents useful for same of the present invention and material are commercial.
the preparation of the active porous eco-concrete of embodiment 1
1, raw material: commercial zeolite, portland cement, polycarboxylic acid series high efficiency water reducing agent, water.
2, Feedstock treating: zeolite is pulverized, sieves, cleaned, choose the zeolite that particle diameter is 5 ~ 10mm, design with goal porosity >25%, be zeolite according to quality proportioning: cement: the ratio of water=5.32:1:0.25, the additional polycarboxylic acid series high efficiency water reducing agent accounting for cement consumption 0.8%.
3, prepare: the water (premixing water) adding total water consumption 1/4 in zeolite, stir 1 ~ 2min, after making zeolite surface moistening, add cement and water reducing agent, stir about 1 ~ 2min, make zeolite surface evenly superscribe one deck cement paste shell, then add remaining mixing water continuation stir about 2 ~ 3min to mixing completely.
By on the active porous eco-concrete mixture for preparing directly build and can form covering layer in polluted bed mud to be repaired (at the bottom of the pool after landscape water body desilting).
the preparation of the active porous eco-concrete of embodiment 2
1, raw material: commercial zeolite, portland cement, polycarboxylic acid series high efficiency water reducing agent, water.
2, Feedstock treating: zeolite is pulverized, sieves, cleaned, choose the zeolite that particle diameter is 5 ~ 10mm, design with goal porosity >25%, be zeolite according to quality proportioning: cement: the ratio of water=4.02:1:0.25, the additional polycarboxylic acid series high efficiency water reducing agent accounting for cement consumption 0.5%.
3, prepare: the water (premixing water) adding total water consumption 1/4 in zeolite, stir 1 ~ 2min, after making zeolite surface moistening, add cement and water reducing agent, stir about 1 ~ 2min, make zeolite surface evenly superscribe one deck cement paste shell, then add remaining mixing water continuation stir about 2 ~ 3min to mixing completely.
By on the active porous eco-concrete mixture for preparing directly build and can form covering layer in polluted bed mud to be repaired (at the bottom of the pool after landscape water body desilting).
the preparation of the active porous eco-concrete of embodiment 3
1, raw material: commercial zeolite, portland cement, polycarboxylic acid series high efficiency water reducing agent, water.
2, Feedstock treating: zeolite is pulverized, sieves, cleaned, choose the zeolite that particle diameter is 5 ~ 10mm, design with goal porosity >25%, be zeolite according to quality proportioning: cement: the ratio of water=5.69:1:0.30, the additional polycarboxylic acid series high efficiency water reducing agent accounting for cement consumption 1%.
3, prepare: the water (premixing water) adding total water consumption 1/4 in zeolite, stir 1 ~ 2min, after making zeolite surface moistening, add cement and water reducing agent, stir about 1 ~ 2min, make zeolite surface evenly superscribe one deck cement paste shell, then add remaining mixing water continuation stir about 2 ~ 3min to mixing completely.
By on the active porous eco-concrete mixture for preparing directly build and can form covering layer in polluted bed mud to be repaired (at the bottom of the pool after landscape water body desilting).
the preparation of the active porous eco-concrete of embodiment 4
1, raw material: commercial pelelith, portland cement, polycarboxylic acid series high efficiency water reducing agent, water.
2, Feedstock treating: pelelith is pulverized, sieves, cleaned, choose the pelelith that particle diameter is 5 ~ 10mm, design with goal porosity >25%, be pelelith according to quality proportioning: cement: water=4.29: the ratio of 1: 0.28, the additional polycarboxylic acid series high efficiency water reducing agent accounting for cement consumption 0.5%.
3, prepare: the water (premixing water) adding total water consumption 1/4 in pelelith, stir 1 ~ 2min, after making pelelith surface wettability, add cement and water reducing agent, stir about 1 ~ 2min, make pelelith surface uniform superscribe one deck cement paste shell, then add remaining mixing water continuation stir about 2 ~ 3min to mixing completely.
By on the active porous eco-concrete mixture for preparing directly build and can form covering layer in polluted bed mud to be repaired (at the bottom of the pool after landscape water body desilting).
the preparation of the active porous eco-concrete of embodiment 5
1, raw material: commercial activated carbon, portland cement, polycarboxylic acid series high efficiency water reducing agent, water.
2, Feedstock treating: activated carbon is pulverized, sieves, cleaned, choose the activated carbon that particle diameter is 5 ~ 10mm, design with goal porosity >25%, be activated carbon according to quality proportioning: cement: the ratio of water=5.69:1:0.26, the additional polycarboxylic acid series high efficiency water reducing agent accounting for cement consumption 0.7%.
3, prepare: the water (premixing water) adding total water consumption 1/4 in activated carbon, stir 1 ~ 2min, after making activated carbon surface moistening, add cement and water reducing agent, stir about 1 ~ 2min, make activated carbon surface evenly superscribe one deck cement paste shell, then add remaining mixing water continuation stir about 2 ~ 3min to mixing completely.
By on the active porous eco-concrete mixture for preparing directly build and can form covering layer in polluted bed mud to be repaired (at the bottom of the pool after landscape water body desilting).
the preparation of the active porous eco-concrete of embodiment 6
1, raw material: commercial zeolite and activated carbon, portland cement, polycarboxylic acid series high efficiency water reducing agent, water.
2, Feedstock treating: zeolite and activated carbon are pulverized, sieve, cleaned, choose zeolite and activated carbon that particle diameter is 5 ~ 10mm, design with goal porosity >25%, be coarse aggregate according to quality proportioning: cement: the ratio of water=5.32:1:0.25, the additional polycarboxylic acid series high efficiency water reducing agent accounting for cement consumption 0.8%; Zeolite and the activated carbon of described coarse aggregate to be mass ratio be 2:1.
3, prepare: the water (premixing water) adding total water consumption 1/4 in coarse aggregate, stir 1 ~ 2min, after making coarse aggregate surface wettability, add cement and water reducing agent, stir about 1 ~ 2min, make coarse aggregate surface uniform superscribe one deck cement paste shell, then add remaining mixing water continuation stir about 2 ~ 3min to mixing completely.
By on the active porous eco-concrete mixture for preparing directly build and can form covering layer in polluted bed mud to be repaired (at the bottom of the pool after landscape water body desilting).
the preparation of the active porous eco-concrete of embodiment 7
1, raw material: commercial zeolite and pelelith, portland cement, polycarboxylic acid series high efficiency water reducing agent, water.
2, Feedstock treating: zeolite and pelelith are pulverized, sieve, cleaned, choose zeolite and pelelith that particle diameter is 5 ~ 10mm, design with goal porosity >25%, be coarse aggregate according to quality proportioning: cement: the ratio of water=5.32:1:0.25, the additional polycarboxylic acid series high efficiency water reducing agent accounting for cement consumption 0.8%; Zeolite and the pelelith of described coarse aggregate to be mass ratio be 2:1.
3, prepare: the water (premixing water) adding total water consumption 1/4 in coarse aggregate, stir 1 ~ 2min, after making coarse aggregate surface wettability, add cement and water reducing agent, stir about 1 ~ 2min, make coarse aggregate surface uniform superscribe one deck cement paste shell, then add remaining mixing water continuation stir about 2 ~ 3min to mixing completely.
By on the active porous eco-concrete mixture for preparing directly build and can form covering layer in polluted bed mud to be repaired (at the bottom of the pool after landscape water body desilting).
the preparation of the active porous eco-concrete of embodiment 8
1, raw material: commercial zeolite, pelelith and activated carbon, portland cement, polycarboxylic acid series high efficiency water reducing agent, water.
2, Feedstock treating: zeolite, pelelith and activated carbon are pulverized, sieve, cleaned, choose zeolite and activated carbon that particle diameter is 5 ~ 10mm, design with goal porosity >25%, be coarse aggregate according to quality proportioning: cement: the ratio of water=5.32:1:0.25, the additional polycarboxylic acid series high efficiency water reducing agent accounting for cement consumption 0.8%; The zeolite of described coarse aggregate to be mass ratio be 2:1:1, pelelith and activated carbon.
3, prepare: the water (premixing water) adding total water consumption 1/4 in coarse aggregate, stir 1 ~ 2min, after making coarse aggregate surface wettability, add cement and water reducing agent, stir about 1 ~ 2min, make coarse aggregate surface uniform superscribe one deck cement paste shell, then add remaining mixing water continuation stir about 2 ~ 3min to mixing completely.
By on the active porous eco-concrete mixture for preparing directly build and can form covering layer in polluted bed mud to be repaired (at the bottom of the pool after landscape water body desilting).
A large amount of explorative experiment has been done in this research, and result shows, and the active porous eco-concrete prepared by embodiment 1 ~ 8 all can well directly be built in polluted bed mud to be repaired and form covering layer.Because data are lengthy and jumbled, only to present here with the active porous eco-concrete prepared by embodiment do the data (embodiment 9 and 10) of related experiment, so that effect of the present invention to be described.
A large amount of explorative experiment has been done in this research, result shows, all well directly can build in polluted bed mud to be repaired according to the active porous eco-concrete prepared by technical solutions according to the invention (comprising embodiment 1 ~ 8) and form covering layer, and can be good at for submerged plant growth.
Consider many factors, comprise the mobility of porous ecological concrete, dispersed, the character such as stickiness, ensure that it can be good at directly building in polluted bed mud to be repaired and forming covering layer, and want to be suitable for submerged plant growth, and the Collaborative Control of porous ecological concrete covering layer and submerged plant heavy metal and nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants and removal effect, draw and can embodiment be: active porous eco-concrete cladding material comprises the component of following weight ratio: active coarse aggregate: cement: water=4.02 ~ 5.69:1:0.25 ~ 0.30, also comprise the poly carboxylic acid series water reducer of mass of cement 0.5 ~ 1%, described active coarse aggregate is one or more in zeolite, pelelith or activated carbon.The tectal thickness of porous ecological concrete is 0.5 ~ 5cm.Plant that planting submerged plant is eel grass, black algae, watermifoil, the submerged plant that grows in hornwort or water body to be repaired, the planting density of submerged plant is 10 ~ 80g/m
2.
Preferred version is: described active porous eco-concrete cladding material comprises active coarse aggregate, cement and the water that weight ratio is 4.52 ~ 5.51:1:0.25 ~ 0.28, also comprises the poly carboxylic acid series water reducer of mass of cement 0.7 ~ 0.8%.The tectal thickness of porous ecological concrete is 0.5 ~ 5cm.To plant planting submerged plant be black algae or eel grass, the planting density of black algae is 20g/m
2, the planting density of eel grass is 40g/m
2.
Most preferably scheme is: described active porous eco-concrete cladding material comprises active coarse aggregate, cement and the water that weight ratio is 5.32:1:0.25, also comprises the poly carboxylic acid series water reducer of mass of cement 0.8%.To plant planting submerged plant be black algae, planting density is 20g/m
2.The tectal thickness of described porous ecological concrete is 2cm.
Because data are lengthy and jumbled, only to present here with the active porous eco-concrete prepared by embodiment 1 do the data (embodiment 9 and 10) of related experiment, so that effect of the present invention to be described.
embodiment 9 porous ecological concrete covering layer controls the internal loading simulated experiment of heavy metal and nitrogen and phosphorus pollution bed mud
1, artificial compounding high concentration polluted bed mud
(1) tested bed mud is adopted to Guangdong Province's reservoir, in bed mud, add PbCl
2, CdCl
2, MnCl
2, ZnCl
2, KH
2pO
4, NH
4cl makes sediment pollution.Pollutant levels are with reference to pollutant load scope, release characteristics under Guangdong Province's Reservoir Sediment natural conditions and select zeolite cladding material absorption/fixed performance amplify by a certain percentage and set.
Respective compound dosage is respectively by the Pb pre-set
2+, Cd
2+, Mn
2+, Zn
2+, PO
4 3-, NH
4 +each ion concentration converts and obtains, and concrete value is as shown in table 1:
Table 1
(2) adopt 5L to have lid white polypropylene bucket to cover simulation test device as polluted bed mud, use black plastic film parcel with lucifuge before test, the polluted bed mud self-chambering top set portion mixed completely is added, bed mud thickness is maintained at about as 3cm.
2, Setup Experiments
(1) active porous eco-concrete mixture embodiment 1 prepared directly is built and is formed covering layer in polluted bed mud to be repaired, and the covering layer of building sets three kinds of cladding thicknesses respectively: 0.5cm, 1.0cm, 2.0cm.Setting does not add the experimental group of cladding material in contrast.
(2) fill it up with overlying water (pure water) with siphon mode, add a cover and seal maintenance anaerobism.A parallel laboratory test is respectively done in above-mentioned test, respectively at 0,1,3,6,10,15,21,30d time get overlying water sample, measure each ion concentration.
3, experimental result
Experiment display, after 20d, covering system reaches stable, and test latter stage, the average inhibition of each ion sees the following form respectively:
Table 2
embodiment 10 submerged plant plantation experiment
The present embodiment investigates submerged plant in active porous supratectal plantation situation, and the internal loading effect of heavy metal and nitrogen phosphorus in submerged plant and active porous tectal Collaborative Control bed mud.The removal effect of the upgrowth situation of paper examines submerged plant, view situation and heavy metal, nitrogen, phosphorus.
1, adopt the test tank of 75 cm × 65, cm × 75 cm, laying depth at the bottom of pond is the clean bed mud of 10cm, adopts the active covering layer of 2cm, plants black algae and eel grass respectively, respectively arrange 3 planting density: 20g/m
2, 40g/m
2, 72g/m
2.The blank group of contrast does not plant any plant.
In test overlying water, nitrogen, phosphorus concentration scope are: TN(2.0 ~ 7.0mg/L), NH
4 +(1.0 ~ 4.0mg/L), NO
3 -(1.0 ~ 3.0mg/L), TP(0.1 ~ 0.5mg/L), COD-cr(10.0 ~ 40.0mg/L).Concentration of heavy metal ion is with described in embodiment 2 table 1.
2, experimental result
(1) result of the test display, submerged plant grows fine, and survival rate is 100%, and contrast blank group, water transparency significantly improves, and has good landscape effect.
Through the test of 4 months, the biomass increased times of black algae was respectively 16.9,22.9 and 38.3 times, and the biomass increased times of eel grass is respectively 3.2,8.7 and 7.6 times.
The planting density of black algae is 72g/m
2time, the upgrowth situation of black algae is best; And the planting density of eel grass is 40g/m
2time, the upgrowth situation of eel grass is best.
(2) black algae group and eel grass group are to TN, NO in water body
3 -, NH
4 +, PO
4 3-clearance is as shown in table 3.
Table 3
As shown in Table 3, through the test of 4 months, black algae group is to TN, NO in water body
3 -, NH
4 +, PO
4 3-average removal rate is respectively 52.1%, 38.7%, 87.5%, 66.9%, and eel grass group is respectively 48.9%, 45.1%, 81.3%, 62.3%.Comprehensively see, the relative eel grass group of black algae group is better.Meanwhile, the planting density of black algae is 20g/m
2time, to TN, NO in water body
3 -, NH
4 +, PO
4 3-clearance is best; And when the planting density of eel grass is 40g/m
2time, to TN, NO in water body
3 -, NH
4 +, PO
4 3-clearance is best.
(3) through the experiment of 4 months, the suppression of heavy metal is as shown in table 4.
Table 4
As shown in Table 4, black algae group is slightly better than eel grass group, and wherein the optimum planting density of black algae group is 20g/m
2,and the optimum planting density of eel grass group is 40g/m
2.
Synthesise various factor is considered, the optimum planting density that porous ecological concrete covering layer of the present invention works in coordination with the black algae of plantation is 20g/m
2, the optimum planting density of collaborative plantation eel grass is 40g/m
2.And the black algae of collaborative plantation is better than eel grass.
In sum, the original position that experimental result describes heavy metal provided by the present invention and/or nitrogen and phosphorus pollution bed mud continues recovery technique, effectively can control the internal loading by heavy metal, nitrogen and phosphorus pollution bed mud, cladding material is prevented to run off, make the covering bed mud that repair system can be long-term, lasting, stable, and loose structure is conducive to the growth of submerged plant, be beneficial to the reconstruction of repairing water body later stage benthonic realm.
Claims (10)
1. the application of porous ecological concrete in heavy metal and/or nitrogen and phosphorus pollution remedying sludge, it is characterized in that, described porous ecological concrete comprises the component of following weight ratio: active coarse aggregate: cement: water=4.02 ~ 5.69:1:0.25 ~ 0.30; Described active coarse aggregate is one or more in zeolite, pelelith or activated carbon.
2. apply according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described porous ecological concrete also comprises the poly carboxylic acid series water reducer of mass of cement 0.5 ~ 1%.
3. the application of porous ecological concrete system in heavy metal and/or nitrogen and phosphorus pollution remedying sludge, it is characterized in that, described porous ecological concrete system comprises porous ecological concrete layer, described porous ecological concrete layer is the porous ecological concrete covering layer formed in bed mud-water termination by active porous eco-concrete cladding material, and described active porous eco-concrete cladding material comprises the component of following weight ratio: active coarse aggregate: cement: water=4.02 ~ 5.69:1:0.25 ~ 0.30; Described active coarse aggregate is one or more in zeolite, pelelith or activated carbon.
4. apply according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described active porous eco-concrete cladding material also comprises the poly carboxylic acid series water reducer of mass of cement 0.5 ~ 1%.
5. apply according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described active porous eco-concrete cladding material comprises active coarse aggregate, cement and the water that weight ratio is 4.52 ~ 5.51:1:0.25 ~ 0.28, also comprises the poly carboxylic acid series water reducer of mass of cement 0.7 ~ 0.8%.
6. apply according to claim 2 or 4, it is characterized in that, application process is:
S1. coarse aggregate is through pulverizing, sieving, clean, choose the coarse aggregate that particle diameter is 5 ~ 10mm, add the water of total water consumption 1/4, stir 1 ~ 2min, after making coarse aggregate surface wettability, add cement and water reducing agent, stir about 1 ~ 2min, make coarse aggregate surface uniform superscribe one deck cement paste shell, then the water adding surplus continue stir about 2 ~ 3min to mixing completely;
S2. the mixture obtained by S1 is directly built and is formed covering layer in polluted bed mud to be repaired, and the overburden cover of building is 0.5 ~ 5cm.
7. apply according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described porous ecological concrete system also comprises the submerged plant that porous ecological concrete layer is planted.
8. apply according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described submerged plant is eel grass, black algae, watermifoil, the submerged plant that grows in hornwort or water body to be repaired, the planting density of submerged plant is 10 ~ 80g/m
2.
9. apply according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, described submerged plant is black algae or eel grass, and the planting density of black algae is 20g/m
2, the planting density of eel grass is 40g/m
2.
10. apply according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described active porous eco-concrete cladding material comprises active coarse aggregate, cement and the water that weight ratio is 5.32:1:0.25, also comprises the poly carboxylic acid series water reducer of mass of cement 0.8%;
Described submerged plant is black algae, and planting density is 20g/m
2;
The tectal thickness of described porous ecological concrete is 2cm.
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| CN111018119A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-04-17 | 广州市龙运博环保技术有限公司 | Constructed wetland treatment system and method for efficiently treating heavy metal and nitrogen and phosphorus polluted aquaculture wastewater |
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| CN111362719A (en) * | 2020-03-19 | 2020-07-03 | 浙江开元新型墙体材料有限公司 | Autoclaved aerated concrete slab applied to water treatment |
| CN111333381A (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2020-06-26 | 国家林业和草原局昆明勘察设计院 | Ecological concrete and preparation method thereof |
| CN111333381B (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2021-11-23 | 国家林业和草原局昆明勘察设计院 | Ecological concrete and preparation method thereof |
| CN112125700A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2020-12-25 | 上海交通大学 | Water purification type pervious concrete capable of removing nitrogen and phosphorus and preparation method thereof |
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