CN111689586B - River sludge treatment system and water purifier preparation method - Google Patents

River sludge treatment system and water purifier preparation method Download PDF

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CN111689586B
CN111689586B CN202010664196.XA CN202010664196A CN111689586B CN 111689586 B CN111689586 B CN 111689586B CN 202010664196 A CN202010664196 A CN 202010664196A CN 111689586 B CN111689586 B CN 111689586B
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environment
sludge
water purifier
mother
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CN111689586A (en
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王群英
张雪芳
宋明光
吴倩云
陈仕国
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Huadian Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/02—Biological treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
    • C02F3/322—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae use of algae
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N11/00—Carrier-bound or immobilised enzymes; Carrier-bound or immobilised microbial cells; Preparation thereof
    • C12N11/14—Enzymes or microbial cells immobilised on or in an inorganic carrier

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Abstract

The invention discloses a river sludge treatment system and a preparation method of a water purifier, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: step 1, putting fly ash, cement and a microorganism growth promoter into a balling disc, and mixing the balling disc with water with a preset weight to obtain a mother ball; step 2, placing the mother balls in domesticated activated sludge for microbial solidification to obtain an environment restoration kernel; step 3, placing the environment restoration kernel in a balling plate, spraying water and mixing fly ash, cement, aquatic plant seeds and a magnetic additive to form a plant growth layer outside the environment restoration kernel, and obtaining primary environment purification particles; and 4, arranging a protective outer layer with the same components as the mother ball outside the primary environment purification particles, and curing at normal temperature to obtain environment-repaired finished product particles. As the protective layer and the environment restoration kernel adopt the fly ash and are solidified by microorganisms, the sludge can be restored in situ, the water quality of the fresh water area can be restored, and ecological restoration can be achieved.

Description

River sludge treatment system and water purifier preparation method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sludge treatment, in particular to a river sludge treatment system and a preparation method of a water purifier.
Background
River silt is sediment accumulated at the bottom of water bodies such as rivers and lakes for a long time, and pollutants in the lakes settle in the water bodies and are enriched in the silt. 30-50% of pollutants in the sewage, including heavy metals, N, P and other nutrient salts and a large amount of organic matters difficult to degrade, are enriched in the sludge. Even if exogenous pollutants are effectively controlled, the release of sediment is promoted under the action of biological or physical factors, and the like, the water body still can be in a bad state of maintaining eutrophication or continuously deteriorating water quality and the like within a period of time. If the treatment is not thorough, secondary pollution is easily caused. Therefore, with the advance of river comprehensive treatment engineering, the treatment of sludge reduction, stabilization, harmlessness and reclamation is the key point of current ecological treatment.
At present, sludge control technologies are mainly divided into two main categories: in-situ processing techniques and ex-situ processing techniques.
The in-situ treatment technology is to leave the polluted bottom mud in situ, take measures to prevent the bottom mud pollutants from entering the water body, namely, cut off the pollution path of an internal pollution source, and mainly comprises the technologies of solidification, covering, oxidation, physical leaching, water diversion, air injection, electrodynamics repair and the like, wherein the in-situ covering technology is more researched. The in-situ covering technology is characterized in that one or more layers of covering materials with certain characteristics are laid on the surface of bottom sediment of a polluted water body, so that the polluted bottom sediment is isolated from an upper-layer water body, and therefore pollutants in the bottom sediment are prevented from migrating to the upper-layer water body.
The Cao is prepared by chemical method by Nanjing institute of science and technology, Ministry of China, geography and lake2、MgO2The repairing material is prepared from materials such as attapulgite clay, EM (effective microorganism) dry powder, nano titanium dioxide and the like, and is uniformly mixed with the bottom mud of the urban black and odorous river in situ, so that nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matters in the bottom mud can be effectively removed, the removal rate of total phosphorus and total nitrogen reaches 19% and 32% in 30 days, and the effect of controlling the endogenous pollution of the river is achieved. Researches show that the biological repair of the bottom mud can obviously reduce the release of organic pollutants in the bottom mud, N, P and other nutritive salts, reduce the oxygen consumption of the bottom mud and even partially reduce the bottom mud in the river.
In addition, there are other treatment methods, such as separating sludge, separating lumps, sand and the like in the sludge, and then drying or dewatering the remaining sludge. The method is mainly aimed at separating and treating the sludge and then performing resource utilization, but the removal of the sludge from the river may destroy the original geological structure and ecological structure of the river, and the water body purification is performed by the combination of the green plants and the film-hanging combined filler.
Therefore, how to realize efficient and safe treatment of the sludge is the work focus of the technicians in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a river sludge treatment system and a water purifier preparation method, which are used for carrying out in-situ remediation on sludge, restoring the water quality of a fresh water area, purifying and achieving ecological restoration, and are simple in process, low in preparation and use cost, free of other pollution sources, green and environment-friendly.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a preparation method of a river sludge treatment and water quality purifier, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, putting fly ash, cement and a microorganism growth promoter into a balling plate, uniformly mixing, and mixing with water with a preset weight to obtain a mother ball;
step 2, placing the mother balls into domesticated activated sludge for microbial solidification to obtain an environment restoration kernel;
step 3, placing the environment restoration kernel in a balling plate, spraying water and mixing fly ash, cement, aquatic plant seeds and a magnetic additive to form a plant growth layer outside the environment restoration kernel, and obtaining primary environment purification particles;
and 4, arranging a protective outer layer with the same components as the mother ball outside the primary environment purification particles, and curing at normal temperature to obtain environment-repaired finished product particles.
Wherein the step 1 comprises:
putting 85-90% of fly ash, 10-15% of cement and 0-2% of microbial growth promoter in a balling plate and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture;
spraying water which is 32 to 36 percent of the total weight of the mixture on the ball forming disc at a certain rotating speed to form mother balls with the grain diameter of 10 to 15 mm;
wherein the total weight ratio of the fly ash, the cement and the microbial growth accelerant is 100%, and the weight ratio of the microbial growth accelerant is more than 0.
Wherein the step 2 comprises:
mixing the domesticated activated sludge and sewage according to the ratio of 1: 2, adding the mixture into a film-forming aeration device containing the mother balls in a volume ratio for aeration treatment, and stopping aeration until brown sludge appears on the surfaces of the mother balls;
and carrying out biofilm culture on the aerated mother ball for a preset time until the mother ball is successfully filmed, and obtaining the environment restoration kernel.
Wherein the step 2 comprises:
and (3) placing the mother spheres in domesticated activated sludge to solidify at least one microorganism of grease degrading bacteria, starch degrading bacteria, protein degrading bacteria, cellulose degrading bacteria and chitin degrading bacteria.
Wherein the step 2 comprises:
mixing activated sludge and sewage according to the proportion of 1: 2, adding the mixture into a film-forming aeration device filled with the mother balls in a preset volume ratio, and emptying after 24-30 hours of aeration;
adding the activated sludge and the sewage into the biofilm formation aeration equipment, aerating for 10-12 h, stopping aeration, statically settling for 1-1.5 h, discharging supernate, and adding the sewage to serve as an aeration period;
and repeating the aeration period until brown sludge appears on the surface of the mother ball, and finishing the aeration step.
Wherein the step 3 comprises:
placing the environment repairing inner core in a balling disc;
spraying water accounting for 32-36% of the weight of the environment restoration core in the balling plate, and covering mixed powder of 85-90% of fly ash, 4-15% of cement, 4-8% of aquatic plant seeds and 1-2% of magnetic additives in percentage by weight outside the environment restoration core to form a plant growth layer, so as to form primary environment purification particles with the particle size of 15-30 mm;
wherein the total weight ratio of the fly ash, the cement, the aquatic plant seeds and the magnetic additive in the process of forming the mixed powder is 100%.
Wherein the magnetic additive is a ferric oxide nanoparticle magnetic additive.
Wherein the aquatic plant seeds comprise at least one of herba Spirodelae, waterweed, herba Swertiae Dilutae, Foliumgrass, potamogeton pectinatus, Gordon crispus, Potamogeton caltrop, rotala, flos Nelumbinis, rhizoma Phragmitis, herba Alii Fistulosi, and herba Typhae.
In addition, the embodiment of the invention also provides a river sludge treatment system, which comprises a filling area and a covering layer, wherein the filling area is positioned in the area to be treated of the river body and enters the main body sand gravel layer through the bottom mud layer, the covering layer is arranged on the surface of the bottom mud layer, the filling area and the covering layer comprise the water quality purifier manufactured by the water quality purifier preparation method, and aquatic plant seeds in the water quality purifier grow in the area where the bottom mud layer is positioned to form a plant growth area.
Wherein the thickness of the protective outer layer of the water purifier is 0.5mm-5 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the river sludge treatment system and the water quality purifier preparation method provided by the embodiment of the invention have the following advantages:
according to the riverway sludge treatment system and the preparation method of the water purifier, the protective layer and the environment restoration kernel adopt the fly ash and are solidified by microorganisms, so that the characteristic of high porosity of the fly ash is utilized to improve the oxygen content in the bottom sludge control system and inhibit H2The release of S promotes the circulation of runoff water, effectively promotes the survival and the propagation of microorganisms in a system, converts sludge into activated sludge, makes the solidified microorganisms fully contact with pollutants in the runoff to promote the retention of the microorganisms, exerts the capacity of decomposing the pollutants to the greatest extent, achieves the effect of water quality evolution, can realize the in-situ remediation of the sludge, restores the water quality of fresh water areas, achieves ecological restoration, and is simple in process, low in preparation and use cost, free of other pollution sources, green and environment-friendly.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart illustrating the steps of one embodiment of a method for manufacturing a water purifier according to the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a water purifier manufactured by the water purifier manufacturing method provided by the application;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a river sludge treatment system provided by the present application.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart illustrating steps of an embodiment of a method for manufacturing a water purifier provided by the present application; fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a water purifier manufactured by the water purifier manufacturing method provided by the application; fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a river sludge treatment system provided by the present application.
In a specific embodiment, the invention provides a method for preparing a water purifier, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, putting fly ash, cement and a microorganism growth promoter into a balling disc, and mixing the balling disc with water with a preset weight to obtain a mother ball; the cue ball itself acts as a carrier, generally with a porosity greater than 40%, suitable for microbial attachment.
Step 2, placing the mother balls into domesticated activated sludge for microbial solidification to obtain an environment restoration kernel; microorganism curing to enhance in a sediment control system utilizing high porosity of mother spheresContaining oxygen and suppressing H2The release of S and the gaps of the filling area can promote the circulation of runoff water, effectively promote the survival and the propagation of microorganisms in a system, convert sludge into activated sludge, and the microorganisms on the environment repairing material of the filling area are fully contacted with pollutants in the runoff to promote the retention of the microorganisms, exert the capacity of decomposing the pollutants to the maximum extent, achieve the effect of water quality evolution, effectively treat the sludge of a river channel and control the water quality of a fresh water area, and have low operation and maintenance cost.
Step 3, placing the environment restoration kernel in a balling plate, spraying water and mixing fly ash, cement, aquatic plant seeds and a magnetic additive to form a plant growth layer outside the environment restoration kernel, and obtaining primary environment purification particles;
and 4, arranging a protective outer layer with the same components as the mother ball outside the primary environment purification particles, and curing at normal temperature to obtain environment-repaired finished product particles. Set up the protection skin externally, both protected the vegetation layer, avoid setting up the process at the vegetation layer and damage, be convenient for save and remove moreover.
The specific curing temperature is not limited in the present invention.
As the protective layer and the environment restoration kernel adopt the fly ash and are also solidified by microorganisms, the characteristic of high porosity of the fly ash is utilized to improve the oxygen content in the bottom mud control system and inhibit H2The release of S promotes the circulation of runoff water, effectively promotes the survival and the propagation of microorganisms in a system, converts sludge into activated sludge, makes the solidified microorganisms fully contact with pollutants in the runoff to promote the retention of the microorganisms, exerts the capacity of decomposing the pollutants to the greatest extent, achieves the effect of water quality evolution, can realize the in-situ remediation of the sludge, restores the water quality of fresh water areas, achieves ecological restoration, and is simple in process, low in preparation and use cost, free of other pollution sources, green and environment-friendly.
It should be noted that, in the present invention, the components are not limited, and in one embodiment, the step 1 includes:
putting 85-90% of fly ash, 10-15% of cement and 0-2% of microbial growth promoter in a balling plate, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture;
and spraying water which is 32 to 36 percent of the total weight of the mixture on the ball forming disc at a certain rotating speed to form the mother ball with the grain diameter of 10 to 15 mm.
The invention does not limit the rotating speed of the ball disc, and the optimal rotating speed can be selected according to different process requirements.
The product prepared by the water quality purifier preparation method does not disturb the original ecological structure to repair the sludge in situ in the using process, and is suitable for the sludge of the small watershed river channel.
The invention does not limit the rotating speed of the ball forming disc and the grain size of the ball, and also does not limit the film hanging process of the mother ball, in one embodiment, the step 2 comprises the following steps:
mixing the domesticated activated sludge and sewage according to the ratio of 1: 2, adding the mixture into a membrane-hanging aeration device containing the mother balls in a volume ratio for aeration treatment, and stopping aeration until brown sludge appears on the surfaces of the mother balls;
and carrying out biofilm culture on the aerated mother ball for a preset time until the mother ball is successfully filmed, and obtaining the environment restoration kernel.
Specifically, the general biofilm formation process is as follows in one embodiment:
mixing the domesticated sludge and sewage according to the proportion of 1: 2, adding the mixture into a self-made membrane-hanging aeration device with a mother ball filling rate of 40%, aerating for 24 hours, and emptying. And adding the sludge and the sewage again for aeration for 10 hours, stopping aeration, standing for 1 hour, discharging supernatant, adding fresh sewage, and taking 11 hours as an operation period. When brown sludge appears on the surface of the mother ball, the sludge in the device is discharged, and the device is kept stand for biofilm culture for 12 hours.
It should be noted that, the present invention is not limited to the kind and the number of the microorganisms to be solidified, and the microorganism may be set according to different types of pollution of river channels, a single kind of microorganism may be set, or a mixture of a plurality of kinds of microorganisms may be performed, and therefore, generally, the step 2 includes:
and (3) placing the mother spheres in domesticated activated sludge to solidify at least one microorganism of grease degrading bacteria, starch degrading bacteria, protein degrading bacteria, cellulose degrading bacteria and chitin degrading bacteria.
According to the invention, the microorganism is solidified in the water purifier, so that the microorganism is not easy to lose due to water flow, and the microorganism can continuously work in a small watershed for a long time at the arranged position.
When the water purifier is used as a river sludge treatment system, the water purifier mainly comprises a restoration main body area, an environment restoration material covering layer and a green plant layer. The environment repairing material is microporous mineral biological gravel material which can be attached with aquatic plants and has environmental friendliness, namely the water purifier. The restoration body area is an environment restoration material filling area drilled between the sediment and the gravel layer. The repair mechanism is that the high porosity of the environment repair material improves the oxygen content in the bottom sediment control system and inhibits H2The release of S and the gaps of the filling area can promote the circulation of runoff water, effectively promote the survival and the propagation of microorganisms in the system, convert sludge into activated sludge, and the microorganisms on the environment repairing material of the filling area are fully contacted with pollutants in the runoff to promote the retention of the microorganisms, exert the capacity of decomposing the pollutants to the maximum extent and achieve the effect of water quality evolution. The system can treat the sludge of the river channel and treat the water quality of the fresh water area, and has low operation and maintenance cost.
The water purifier of the invention is different from the existing water purifying method, the existing water purifying method is to purify water directly in water, and has two disadvantages: one is when adopting liquid or solid to carry out water purification, because it floats or suspends in aqueous, very easily in aqueous along with rivers flow away, can not carry out long-term purification to fixed place, the effect is relatively poor, on the other hand, deposit easily in the river course behind water purification process for the bed mud of river course constantly increases, and the riverbed constantly risees. The water purifier is arranged on the surface of the sediment, even in a filling area from the sediment to a gravel layer, so that the water purifier can not flow away along with water flow during water quality purification, can continuously purify the same area, and can grow to form a plant area to purify river water while microorganisms purify the river sediment and river water, thereby improving the treatment efficiency of the river sludge.
The invention does not limit the aperture and porosity of the water purifier, can obtain different products by different treatment needing to adjust the process flow, has the specific surface area of more than 14m2/g, and can be used as a good carrier of oxygen and a habitat of aquatic plants.
In the vicinity of mining areas or other plant areas and the like involving heavy metal elements, heavy metal element pollution is often caused. The serious influence of heavy metal pollution is mainly river pollution, and river is caused by entering of discharged wastewater, waste residues and the like into river water. It is therefore necessary to passivate the sludge, in which a pretreatment process is added, in which heavy metals are treated by adding one or more active substances to the sludge. Wherein the active substance can be insoluble phosphorus-containing substance, such as insoluble phosphorus salt (apatite minerals, phosphorus ore powder, and bone meal), and the phosphorus-containing substance will not increase new pollution source for sewage.
The present invention is not limited to the specific arrangement of the plant growth layer, and is not limited to the process and the specific size parameters, and generally, the step 3 includes:
placing the environment repairing inner core in a balling disc;
spraying water accounting for 32-36% of the weight of the environment restoration core in the balling plate, and covering mixed powder of 85-90% of fly ash, 4-15% of cement, 4-8% of aquatic plant seeds and 1-2% of magnetic additives by weight outside the environment restoration core to form a plant growth layer, so as to form primary environment purification particles with the particle size of 15-30 mm.
The invention does not limit the type and quantity of the aquatic plant seeds, can be randomly set, and can select proper seeds and seed density according to the hydrological conditions of the temperature environment of the water area to be treated, and the aquatic plant seeds generally comprise at least one of duckweed, houseleek, waterweed, eel grass, bitter grass, watermifoil, potamogeton pectinatus, goldfish algae, curly pondweed, stonecrop, lotus, reed, water onion and cattail.
The present invention is not limited to a specific aeration process and an aeration apparatus, and in one embodiment, the step 2 includes:
mixing the activated sludge and sewage containing the mother ball according to the ratio of 1: 2, adding the mixture into a film-forming aeration device filled with a preset mother ball in a volume ratio, and emptying after 24-30 h of aeration;
adding the activated sludge and the sewage into the biofilm formation aeration equipment, aerating for 10-12 h, stopping aeration, statically settling for 1-1.5 h, discharging supernate, and adding the sewage to serve as an aeration period;
and repeating the aeration period until brown sludge appears on the surface of the mother ball, and finishing the aeration step.
When the plant growth is set, the magnetic additive is added, a certain magnetic field effect can be provided, so that the growth of microorganisms is stimulated, and the treatment efficiency is improved.
In one embodiment, the water purifier has particle size of 25-30mm, porosity of 46.86%, and specific surface area of 14.98m2G, barrel pressure 4.1 MPa.
Besides, the embodiment of the invention also provides a river sludge treatment system, which comprises a filling area 40 which is arranged in the area to be treated of the river body and penetrates through a bottom sludge layer 30 to enter a main body gravel layer 20, and a covering layer 50 which is arranged on the surface of the bottom sludge layer 30, wherein the filling area 40 and the covering layer 50 comprise the water purifier manufactured by the water purifier manufacturing method, and aquatic plant seeds in the water purifier are grown in the area where the bottom sludge layer 30 is located to form a plant growing area 60.
Because the river sludge treatment system adopts the water purifier prepared by the preparation method of the water purifier, the water purifier utilizes the characteristic of high porosity to improve the oxygen content in the bottom sludge control system and inhibit H2S release, void in the fill area can promote runoff water circulationAnd the survival and propagation of microorganisms in the system are effectively promoted, sludge is converted into activated sludge 10, and the microorganisms on the environment repairing material in the filling area are fully contacted with pollutants in runoff, so that the microorganisms are promoted to be retained, the pollutant decomposing capacity is exerted to the greatest extent, and the effect of water quality evolution is achieved. The system can treat the sludge of the river channel and treat the water quality of the fresh water area, has the same beneficial effects of low operation and maintenance cost, and is not described in detail herein.
In the implementation process of the river sludge treatment system, the steps are as follows:
firstly, extruding a solid environment restoration main body area with a certain geometric shape in a bottom mud layer, wherein the environment restoration main body area penetrates through the bottom mud layer and enters a main body gravel layer;
determining a restoration main body area according to the thickness of the sediment layer and the pollution degree;
then, covering a layer of water purifier on the substrate sludge layer, and sprinkling one or more environment-friendly seeds of aquatic plants such as algae, duckweed, houseleek, waterweed, bitter grass, watermifoil, potamogeton pectinatus, goldfish algae, curly pondweed, rotala, lotus, reed, water shallot, cattail and the like;
finally, waiting for the seeds of the aquatic plants to germinate and grow to form an aquatic plant area
The water purifier manufactured by the method comprises an environment restoration inner core 1, a plant growth layer 2 and a protection outer layer 3 which are sequentially connected from inside to outside, wherein the environment restoration inner core 1 is an environment restoration inner core formed by solidifying mother balls made of fly ash, cement, a microorganism growth promoter and water according to a preset weight proportion through microorganisms 5, the plant growth layer 2 is a plant growth layer 2 made of fly ash, cement, aquatic plant seeds 4 and a magnetic additive, and the protection outer layer 3 is a protection outer layer made of fly ash, cement, a microorganism growth promoter and water.
The invention does not limit the size of the water purifier, and the like, and the thickness of the protective outer layer is 0.5mm-5 mm.
In one embodiment, the water purifier has a particle size of 25-30mm and a porosity of 46.86%,the specific surface area is 14.98m2G, barrel pressure 4.1 MPa.
In one embodiment, the river sludge treatment system is adopted for carrying out experiments, and eutrophic water and bottom sludge are collected and placed in an artificial river bed model to construct an artificial simulated river bed.
The simulation experiment device comprises a reactor (organic glass column with the inner diameter of 300 mm and the height of 1.2 m), a water storage tank (100L), a water pump, a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe. The river bed sludge and overlying water come from a pond with severe eutrophication.
The reactor firstly lays a 400mm sludge layer at the lowest layer, buries a 100mm water purifier into the sludge layer, covers a 100mm thick water purifier on the uppermost layer, and finally covers sewage to simulate the actual river sludge treatment process. And a comparison group is arranged, a 400mm sludge layer is paved on the lowest layer to be covered with sewage, and the thickness of the sludge layer of the 2 groups is compared with the water quality. The detection parameters of the water quality comprise COD, TN, TP, NH3-N, pH and the like. The detection period is once a week or two weeks. The method comprises the steps of measuring the total nitrogen concentration in a water sample by adopting a potassium persulfate oxidation ultraviolet spectrophotometry method, measuring the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the water sample by adopting a Nashin reagent photometry method, measuring CODMn in the water sample by adopting an acid potassium permanganate method, measuring the water temperature and dissolved oxygen by adopting a portable dissolved oxygen measuring instrument, and measuring the water pH value by adopting a pH meter.
After 90 days, the reduction rates of COD, TP, TN and NH3-N were 33.3%, 50%, 4.8% and 20.0%, and the pH was 8-8.5. The sludge and tail water (containing penetrating fluid) are inspected, and the indexes of the spot inspection project of river and lake sludge treatment technical guide rules are met.
The water purifier provided by the invention can be used for in-situ restoration of sludge, restoration of water quality purification of fresh water areas, ecological restoration, no other pollution sources, environmental protection, alkaline excitation, preparation by adopting microporous mineral biological gravel materials and coal ash as a carrier, and technologies such as balling, film hanging, natural maintenance and the like, is applied to water ecological management and environmental restoration, and is low in management cost.
In summary, in the river sludge treatment system and the water purifier preparation method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the protective layer and the environmental remediation core are made of the powderThe coal ash is also solidified by microorganisms, and the characteristic of high porosity of the coal ash is utilized to improve the oxygen content in the bottom mud control system and inhibit H2The release of S promotes the circulation of runoff water, effectively promotes the survival and the propagation of microorganisms in a system, converts sludge into activated sludge, makes the solidified microorganisms fully contact with pollutants in the runoff to promote the retention of the microorganisms, exerts the capacity of decomposing the pollutants to the greatest extent, achieves the effect of water quality evolution, can realize the in-situ remediation of the sludge, restores the water quality of fresh water areas, achieves ecological restoration, and is simple in process, low in preparation and use cost, free of other pollution sources, green and environment-friendly.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (10)

1. A preparation method of a water purifier is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, putting fly ash, cement and a microorganism growth promoter into a balling disc, and mixing the balling disc with water with a preset weight to obtain a mother ball;
step 2, placing the mother balls into domesticated activated sludge for microbial solidification to obtain an environment restoration kernel;
step 3, placing the environment restoration kernel in a balling plate, spraying water and mixing fly ash, cement, aquatic plant seeds and a magnetic additive to form a plant growth layer outside the environment restoration kernel, and obtaining primary environment purification particles;
and 4, arranging a protective outer layer with the same components as the mother ball outside the primary environment purification particles, and curing at normal temperature to obtain environment-repaired finished product particles.
2. The method for manufacturing a water purifier according to claim 1, wherein the step 1 comprises:
putting 85-90% of fly ash, 10-15% of cement and 0-2% of microbial growth promoter in a balling plate, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture;
spraying water which is 32 to 36 percent of the total weight of the mixture on the ball forming disc at a certain rotating speed to form mother balls with the grain diameter of 10 to 15 mm;
wherein the total weight ratio of the fly ash, the cement and the microbial growth accelerant is 100%, and the weight ratio of the microbial growth accelerant is more than 0.
3. The method for manufacturing a water purifier according to claim 2, wherein the step 2 comprises:
mixing the domesticated activated sludge and sewage according to the ratio of 1: 2, adding the mixture into a film-forming aeration device containing the mother balls in a volume ratio for aeration treatment, and stopping aeration until brown sludge appears on the surfaces of the mother balls;
and carrying out biofilm culture on the aerated mother ball for a preset time until the mother ball is successfully filmed, and obtaining the environment restoration kernel.
4. The method for manufacturing a water purifier according to claim 3, wherein the step 2 comprises:
and (3) placing the mother spheres in domesticated activated sludge to solidify at least one microorganism of grease degrading bacteria, starch degrading bacteria, protein degrading bacteria, cellulose degrading bacteria and chitin degrading bacteria.
5. The method for manufacturing a water purifier according to claim 4, wherein the step 2 comprises:
mixing the domesticated activated sludge and sewage according to the ratio of 1: 2, adding the mixture into a film-forming aeration device filled with the mother balls in a volume ratio, and emptying after 24-30 hours of aeration;
adding the activated sludge and the sewage into the biofilm formation aeration equipment, aerating for 10-12 h, stopping aeration, statically settling for 1-1.5 h, discharging supernate, and adding the sewage to serve as an aeration period;
and repeating the aeration period until brown sludge appears on the surface of the mother ball, and finishing the aeration step.
6. The method for manufacturing a water purifier according to claim 5, wherein the step 3 comprises:
placing the environment repairing inner core in a balling disc;
spraying water accounting for 32-36% of the weight of the environment restoration core in the balling plate, and covering mixed powder of 85-90% of fly ash, 4-15% of cement, 4-8% of aquatic plant seeds and 1-2% of magnetic additives in percentage by weight outside the environment restoration core to form a plant growth layer, so as to form primary environment purification particles with the particle size of 15-30 mm;
wherein the total weight ratio of the fly ash, the cement, the aquatic plant seeds and the magnetic additive in the process of forming the mixed powder is 100%.
7. The method for manufacturing a water purifier according to claim 6, wherein the magnetic additive is a magnetic iron trioxide nanoparticle additive.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the aquatic plant seeds comprise at least one of duckweed, houseleek, waterweed, eel grass, foxtail algae, potamogetes tetradentatus, goldfish algae, curly pondweed, rotala, lotus, reed, water onion, and cattail.
9. A riverway sludge treatment system, which is characterized by comprising a filling area which is arranged in an area to be treated of a riverway main body and penetrates through a sediment layer to enter a main body gravel layer and a covering layer which is arranged on the surface of the sediment layer, wherein the filling area and the covering layer comprise the water purifier manufactured by the water purifier manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and aquatic plant seeds in the water purifier grow in the area of the sediment layer to form a plant growing area.
10. The river sludge treatment system of claim 9 wherein the water purifier has a protective outer layer of 0.5mm to 5mm in thickness.
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