CN104876680A - Refined carbonized straw fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a refined carbonized straw fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The refined carbonized straw fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of maize straw, 25-30 parts of reed straw, 6-9 parts of a 1 mol/L HCL solution, 3-7 parts of quartz sand, 5-10 parts of red clay, 20-40 parts of humus soil, 10-15 parts of ammonium bicarbonate, 13-16 parts of borax, 15-20 parts of a potash fertilizer, 7-10 parts of diammonium phosphate, 8-12 parts of urea, 4-5 parts of a binder, and a moderate amount of water. By selecting maize straw and reed straw which are rich in cellulose as raw materials, quartz sand is added, the obtained mixture is ground into granules in a homogenate state, a carbonized product of granular groups is rinsed by using a dilute hydrochloric acid so as to wash away impurities produced by carbonization, after all, an activated carbon adsorption principle is implemented by using nanoscale micropores distributed on the surface of activated carbon, and cleaning is performed so as to facilitate the exposure of the micropores; the product is mixed with inorganic nutrient crystals of ground powder firstly; and finally, a backing material is added, and the obtained mixture is uniformly mixed and granulated. The refined carbonized straw fertilizer has a better adsorption capacity.

Description

A kind of refining charing stalk fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The invention belongs to the Technology field of fertilizer, be specifically related to a kind of refining charing stalk fertilizer and preparation method thereof.

Background technology

Coated fertilizer is also known as coated fertilizer, film fertilizer.The fertilizer of quick-acting chemical fertilizer granule is wrapped up with semipermeability or opacity film substrate.Filmogen has plastics, resin, paraffin, polyethylene and elementary sulfur etc., and the object of coating is that the available nutrient of coated fertilizer the inside after being manured into soil is discharged, lentamente to extend fertilizer efficiency.Rate of release is decided by coating kind, thickness, particle diameter, fertilizer solvability, the soil moisture, soil moisture content and soil microbial activities etc.Be applicable to that economic worth is high, breeding time is long, fertilizer requirement is large but the crop of inconvenient split application, and nutrient is easy to that the temperature of leaching loss is high, area of heavy rainfull or irrigation region, especially on the sand loam soil that quality is light.

The coating agent of the fertilizer that our company produces is made up of two portions mostly, a part is stone flour class base-material, another part is binding agent, some pore-forming materials may be added, as organic pore-forming agents starch, agar, jelly powder, sodium alginate etc., also have inorganic pore-forming material as urea, ammonium chloride, sodium bicarbonate etc., after decomposes, leave multi-hole type surface, ventilative, circulation, is convenient to discharge inner nutrient.

Stone flour class base-material is mostly by vermiculite power, limestone powder, cement, terra alba, lime powder, starch, quartz powder etc., effect is to provide stable support, ensure internal loose structure, disperse after being conducive to fertilizer cracking evenly, be unlikely to clustering phenomena, can prevent fertilizer to make moist caking in addition, be unfavorable for fertilising, in addition to the above, stone flour is the comprehensive inorganic mixture of the elements such as a kind of calcium-magnesium-containing mostly, also have and improve soil property, the effect of keeping soil from packing together.

Another kind of is binding agent, mainly the emulsion part of resin monomer polymeric part and oils, tensio-active agent and stone flour composition is composite forms, here be resene monomer styrene solution, utilized the dissolve with ethanol after dilution before this, then linking agent ethylene glycol dimethacrylate crosslinking polymerization is added together, it is to be noted that styrene monomer should not expose in atmosphere for a long time; Second is mixing sodium lauryl sulphate, tea tree oil, Zinc Gluconate and water, while oil and water are wrapped to form profit multipolymer by surfactant sodium lauryl sulphate by Zinc Gluconate admixture wherein, make emulsion, carry out composite with aforesaid thin polymeric solution, finally make the binding agent with bond effect, be characterized in intimate pollution-free, bond effect is good, suitable controlled release concentration and the release speed of the adjustable fertilizer of membrane wrapping thickness in soil.

Summary of the invention

A kind of refining charing stalk fertilizer, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight part: maize straw 20 ~ 30, reed straw 25 ~ 30,1mol/L hydrochloric acid soln 6 ~ 9, quartz sand 3 ~ 7, laterite 5 ~ 10, vegetable mould 20 ~ 40, bicarbonate of ammonia 10 ~ 15, borax 13 ~ 16, potash fertilizer 15 ~ 20, diammonium phosphate 7 ~ 10, urea 8 ~ 12, binding agent 4 ~ 5 and appropriate water;

Described binding agent is made up of the raw material of following weight part: BDO 1 ~ 3, vinylbenzene 8 ~ 12, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate 1 ~ 3, ethanol 5 ~ 8, sodium lauryl sulphate 2 ~ 4, tea tree oil 10 ~ 12, Zinc Gluconate 15 ~ 20 and appropriate water; Preparation method is: ethanol, in agitator, is joined the dilution with water of 8 ~ 10 times by (1), then under rotating speed 300 ~ 500r/min condition, adds vinylbenzene and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate successively, stirs 10 ~ 15min and is polymerized; (2) in reaction cylinder, mixing sodium lauryl sulphate, tea tree oil and Zinc Gluconate, be blended into the water of 2 ~ 3 times of its total weight parts, stirs and disperse 20 ~ 30min one-tenth emulsion; (3) mix (1) (2) products therefroms, add BDO simultaneously, stir under 200 ~ 400r/min condition 30 ~ 50min composite after and get final product.

A preparation method for refining charing stalk fertilizer, is characterized in that, comprise following step:

(1) maize straw and reed straw mixing are added the water soaking 8 ~ 10h of 4 ~ 7 times, after adding quartz sand, grinding 30 ~ 40min becomes homogenate, after centrifugal, precipitation is dried to obtain pulvis;

(2) charring furnace is put into by under described to (1) pulvis air-proof condition, temperature 600 ~ 700 DEG C carries out heating charing 6 ~ 8h, obtain carbonizing production after being cooled to room temperature, convert the water soaking cleaning of 3 ~ 5 times with the hydrochloric acid soln of 1mol/L, wash 2 ~ 3 times after filtration with water to neutral;

(3) powder mix is broken into the bicarbonate of ammonia of pulvis, borax, potash fertilizer, diammonium phosphate and urea, the carbonizing production first added described in (2) stirs 15 ~ 25min, again vegetable mould is added as bed material, machinery rolling 10 ~ 15min, period adds water and adjusts water content 30 ~ 40%, in granulating disc granulation, particle diameter 3 ~ 4mm;

(4) mix laterite, binding agent and other remaining component, add the water of 3 ~ 5 times of its weight parts, stir and disperse 30 ~ 40min to emulsus homogenate, be evenly sprayed to (3) described particle surface of preheating 80 ~ 90 DEG C, finally dry.

Beneficial effect of the present invention: select the more rich corn of cellulosic and reed straw to be raw material, add the homogenate state that quartzite sand grind becomes granule, the globule size controlling to add quartz sand suitably can control to grind the size of rear particle, to adjust the type of carbonizing production, the carbonizing production of particle group is through dilute hydrochloric acid rinsing, wash away the impurity that charing produces, the absorption principle of gac utilizes to be distributed in the nanometer level microporous of surface after all, cleaning is conducive to spilling these micropores, first mix with the inorganic nutriment crystal grinding pulvis, finally add bed material mixing granulation, there is outstanding adsorptive power.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1:

A kind of refining charing stalk fertilizer, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight part (Kg): maize straw 30, reed straw 25,1mol/L hydrochloric acid soln 7, quartz sand 5, laterite 8, vegetable mould 32, bicarbonate of ammonia 12, borax 13, potash fertilizer 16, diammonium phosphate 8, urea 10, binding agent 5 and appropriate water;

Described binding agent is made up of the raw material of following weight part: BDO 2, vinylbenzene 10, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate 2, ethanol 6, sodium lauryl sulphate 3, tea tree oil 10, Zinc Gluconate 18 and appropriate water; Preparation method is: ethanol, in agitator, is joined the dilution with water of 8 ~ 10 times by (1), then under rotating speed 300 ~ 500r/min condition, adds vinylbenzene and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate successively, stirs 10 ~ 15min and is polymerized; (2) in reaction cylinder, mixing sodium lauryl sulphate, tea tree oil and Zinc Gluconate, be blended into the water of 2 ~ 3 times of its total weight parts, stirs and disperse 20 ~ 30min one-tenth emulsion; (3) mix (1) (2) products therefroms, add BDO simultaneously, stir under 200 ~ 400r/min condition 30 ~ 50min composite after and get final product.

A preparation method for refining charing stalk fertilizer, is characterized in that, comprise following step:

(1) maize straw and reed straw mixing are added the water soaking 8 ~ 10h of 4 ~ 7 times, after adding quartz sand, grinding 30 ~ 40min becomes homogenate, after centrifugal, precipitation is dried to obtain pulvis;

(2) charring furnace is put into by under described to (1) pulvis air-proof condition, temperature 600 ~ 700 DEG C carries out heating charing 6 ~ 8h, obtain carbonizing production after being cooled to room temperature, convert the water soaking cleaning of 3 ~ 5 times with the hydrochloric acid soln of 1mol/L, wash 2 ~ 3 times after filtration with water to neutral;

(3) powder mix is broken into the bicarbonate of ammonia of pulvis, borax, potash fertilizer, diammonium phosphate and urea, the carbonizing production first added described in (2) stirs 15 ~ 25min, again vegetable mould is added as bed material, machinery rolling 10 ~ 15min, period adds water and adjusts water content 30 ~ 40%, in granulating disc granulation, particle diameter 3 ~ 4mm;

(4) mix laterite, binding agent and other remaining component, add the water of 3 ~ 5 times of its weight parts, stir and disperse 30 ~ 40min to emulsus homogenate, be evenly sprayed to (3) described particle surface of preheating 80 ~ 90 DEG C, finally dry.

Refining charing stalk fertilizer of the present invention is used for plant common agricultural experiment; select 5 mu of planting bases; use fertilizer of the present invention; as experimental group; common fertilizer is executed in 5 mu of bases of control group routinely planting requirement; other condition is identical; experiment proves, when the farm crop of experimental group plantation reach equal agricultural output again, greatly reduces Fertilizer application amount; raw material is easy to get simultaneously; raw materials cost is lower, saves labour, protection of the environment; the organic gum level of soil obviously promotes, on year-on-year basis economic raising 19.7%.

Claims (2)

1. a refining charing stalk fertilizer, it is characterized in that, be made up of the raw material of following weight part: maize straw 20 ~ 30, reed straw 25 ~ 30,1mol/L hydrochloric acid soln 6 ~ 9, quartz sand 3 ~ 7, laterite 5 ~ 10, vegetable mould 20 ~ 40, bicarbonate of ammonia 10 ~ 15, borax 13 ~ 16, potash fertilizer 15 ~ 20, diammonium phosphate 7 ~ 10, urea 8 ~ 12, binding agent 4 ~ 5 and appropriate water;

Described binding agent is made up of the raw material of following weight part: BDO 1 ~ 3, vinylbenzene 8 ~ 12, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate 1 ~ 3, ethanol 5 ~ 8, sodium lauryl sulphate 2 ~ 4, tea tree oil 10 ~ 12, Zinc Gluconate 15 ~ 20 and appropriate water; Preparation method is: ethanol, in agitator, is joined the dilution with water of 8 ~ 10 times by (1), then under rotating speed 300 ~ 500r/min condition, adds vinylbenzene and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate successively, stirs 10 ~ 15min and is polymerized; (2) in reaction cylinder, mixing sodium lauryl sulphate, tea tree oil and Zinc Gluconate, be blended into the water of 2 ~ 3 times of its total weight parts, stirs and disperse 20 ~ 30min one-tenth emulsion; (3) mix (1) (2) products therefroms, add BDO simultaneously, stir under 200 ~ 400r/min condition 30 ~ 50min composite after and get final product.

2. the preparation method of a kind of refining charing stalk fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprise following step:

(1) maize straw and reed straw mixing are added the water soaking 8 ~ 10h of 4 ~ 7 times, after adding quartz sand, grinding 30 ~ 40min becomes homogenate, after centrifugal, precipitation is dried to obtain pulvis;

(2) charring furnace is put into by under described to (1) pulvis air-proof condition, temperature 600 ~ 700 DEG C carries out heating charing 6 ~ 8h, obtain carbonizing production after being cooled to room temperature, convert the water soaking cleaning of 3 ~ 5 times with the hydrochloric acid soln of 1mol/L, wash 2 ~ 3 times after filtration with water to neutral;

(3) powder mix is broken into the bicarbonate of ammonia of pulvis, borax, potash fertilizer, diammonium phosphate and urea, the carbonizing production first added described in (2) stirs 15 ~ 25min, again vegetable mould is added as bed material, machinery rolling 10 ~ 15min, period adds water and adjusts water content 30 ~ 40%, in granulating disc granulation, particle diameter 3 ~ 4mm;

(4) mix laterite, binding agent and other remaining component, add the water of 3 ~ 5 times of its weight parts, stir and disperse 30 ~ 40min to emulsus homogenate, be evenly sprayed to (3) described particle surface of preheating 80 ~ 90 DEG C, finally dry.