CN104871777B - The method for comprehensive repairing of two chloroquine phosphoric acid class herbicide residues in a kind of vega - Google Patents
The method for comprehensive repairing of two chloroquine phosphoric acid class herbicide residues in a kind of vega Download PDFInfo
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- CN104871777B CN104871777B CN201510249010.3A CN201510249010A CN104871777B CN 104871777 B CN104871777 B CN 104871777B CN 201510249010 A CN201510249010 A CN 201510249010A CN 104871777 B CN104871777 B CN 104871777B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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Abstract
In a kind of vega, the method for comprehensive repairing of two chloroquine phosphoric acid class herbicide residues, belongs to soil remediation and the recovery technique field of herbicide residue.The detection of two chloroquine phosphoric acid is carried out first after rice harvest to soil, for exceeded soil（>0.05mg/kg）, first carry out ploughing deeply sunning the earth which has been ploughed up, then transplant first 1 month in tobacco seedlings, carry out field face and pour water decorporation；Then to soil moisture content it is suitable when, spread fertilizer over the fields quick lime or dolomite dust in field face, be beneficial to acid-base neutralization；In flue-cured tobacco ridge-forming and fertilizing, ridge bottom is imposed on using straw biological charcoal or charcoal base fertilizer, to carry out physical absorption.In the group phase or prosperous long-term of flue-cured tobacco, if there are two chloroquine phosphoric acid symptom of chemical damage in flue-cured tobacco（Blade starts deformity in rat-tail shape）When, it is aided with gibberellin（920）, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and Mancozeb or zineb mixed solution carry out foliar spray, to alleviate or release poisoning.This method can not only eliminate the dichloro quinolinic acid residual in vega soil, and have improved soil acid, and prevention soil-borne disease of tobacco occurs, and promote the effect that soil health and tobacco production and value amount increase.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agriculture field, and in particular to the comprehensive repair of two chloroquine phosphoric acid class herbicide residues in a kind of vega
Method.
Background technology
Cigarette rice rice field-upland field rotation is a kind of typical tobacco planting mode of south China cigarette district, in the disease pest for mitigating two kinds of crops
The aspect such as do harm to, increase soil fertility, promoting cigarette grain to increase income and having played great function.But with a large number should for current herbicides for use in paddy
With, a large amount of extensive application of the special efficacy selective herbicide dichloro quinolinic acid of barnyard grass is particularly prevented and kill off, its residual is to rear stubble tobacco
Grow to generate and have a strong impact on, main variable rate technology is：The leaf malformation of tobacco, yellowish-whiteization, leaf margin last volume, blade to
Back of the body shrinkage, causes blade long and narrow, and in floral leaf shape, rat-tail shape or wire etc., old leaf piece is dried-up, young leaves growth retardation, meeting when serious
Occur dead.The experimental results are proved, to dichloro quinolinic acid residual quantity in the soil of tobacco growing development generation inhibitory action
Threshold value be 0.05 mg/kg.Caused by two chloroquine phosphoric acid class herbicide residues, just to become a kind of flue-cured tobacco newly sick for flue-cured tobacco drug injury problem
Kind, have become south China cigarette district and be particularly Tobacco-rice rotation area, restriction tobacco growing development, tobacco production and value amount and quality-improving
Important restriction factor.
At present, dichloroquinoline acids herbicide residue has become a kind of common problem to the poisoning that rear stubble tobacco leaf is produced.
Also take series of measures to prevent or administer the generation of dichloro quinolinic acid poisoning in leaf tobacco production.In terms of prevention, adopt
Other substituting herbicides preventing and treating weeds in paddy field, change cigarette rice Cropping Patterns or interval 2-3 such as is grown tobacco again at the measure.Controlling
In terms of reason reparation, there is research to think to spray four kinds of medicament groups such as 998 plant growth regulator, zinc sulfate, coal, bacterium gram in good time
Into pesticide control, have certain preventive effect to the poisoning initial stage.There is researcher to adopt potassium dihydrogen phosphate or spraying conerete or charcoal to removing
The poisoning of careless agent has certain mitigation, or using steroids plant growth regulator alleviating tobacco poisoning degree.But mesh
The front vega to there is dichloro quinolinic acid poisoning risk there is no radical cure method, and the various chemical redemption measures in addition to prevention are produced effects
It is little.
The present invention processes using a kind of new compound agricultural method and repairs dichloro quinolinic acid residual soil, promotes two
The rapid-digestion of chloroquinoline acids herbicide residue, is finally reached the purpose for eliminating that tobacco herbicide damage occurs.
The content of the invention
To solve technical problem of the dichloroquinoline acids herbicide residue to tobacco poisoning, the present invention proposes a kind of vega
The method for comprehensive repairing of two chloroquine phosphoric acid class herbicide residues in soil, the method are applied to southern Tobacco-rice rotation area vega, tool
Have simple to operate, easy to use, low cost is fast to dichloro quinolinic acid residue degrading, the features such as repairing effect is good.And have concurrently and change
Good soil acidification, improves soil texture, and prevention soil-borne disease of tobacco occurs, and promotes the multi-efficiencies such as soil health health care.
The method for comprehensive repairing of two chloroquine phosphoric acid class herbicide residue of vega of the present invention, it is characterised in that include
Following steps：
（1）After rice harves, soil sample sampling survey, dichloro quinolinic acid residual quantity in detection soil, if residual are carried out first
Allowance is higher than 0.05 mg/kg.Then in January December then to next year, deep ploughing is carried out when paddy field reaches suitable soil moisture content and turned over, only
Turn over and do not harrow, ploughed depth is not less than 30 cm, is then suned the earth which has been ploughed up；
（2）Transplant first 1 month in tobacco seedlings, carry out 1-2 field pipe-net, make field face remain the deep water layer 5- of 3-5 cm
7 days, then field excessive moisture is drained；
（3）Field it is anhydrous, ftracture and reach soil moisture content it is slightly dry when, a certain amount of quick lime or dolomite dust are spread fertilizer over the fields in field face, so
After carry out machinery mix and site preparation work, field harrow broken is raked；
（4）Before tobacco seedlings are transplanted, using straw biological charcoal or charcoal base fertilizer, then row replacement applies tobacco again at ridge bottom
After dedicated fertilizer, transplant according to seedling film under type；
（5）Tobacco enter to join the Youth League a phase or it is prosperous long-term when, if blade face just starts slight dichloroquinoline acidosis symptom occur
When, using foliage-spray gibberellin（920）, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and Mancozeb or zineb mixed solution, spray blade face 2-3
It is secondary.
The step（1）, it is described plough deeply plough after time for sunning the earth which has been ploughed up to be advisable no less than 2 months, plough deeply after ploughing and operating, make
The surface area of soil dispersion ingress of air and sunlight increases, and accelerates and promote the photolysis step of dichloro quinolinic acid.
The step（2）, described is no less than 1 month before tobacco transplant, carries out 1-2 field pipe-net, according to weeding
Agent remains the order of severity, as 0.05 mg/kg of ＞, during 0.15 mg/kg of ＜, determines frequency of irrigation 2 times, as 0.15 mg/kg of ＞
When, determining frequency of irrigation 1-2 time, the water layer for keeping 3-5 cm deep of pouring water is maintained 5-7 days every time.Its objective is to deep plough in early stage
On the basis of turning over, under the dichloro quinolinic acid poured water and its remain during draining can accelerate soil, discharge is blended.
The step（3）, it is 750-1500 kg/hm that the consumption of quick lime is spread fertilizer over the fields in described field face2, spread fertilizer over the fields dolomite dust
It is then 1500-2250 kg/hm2.The pH value of soil is improved, improved soil is acid, promotes the degraded of dichloro quinolinic acid.And can
The common bacterial wilt of vega is prevented and treated to a certain extent.
The step（4）, the straw biological charcoal or charcoal base fertilizer of employing, wherein the stalk for making charcoal is local normal
Tobacco rod, paddy rice, corn, wheat and rape stalk for seeing etc..The commodity that charcoal base fertilizer is then prepared with straw biological charcoal as raw material
Change fertilizer, its apply purpose be by charcoal porous and strong adsorption act on, can will residual dichloro quinolinic acid
Absorption is wrapped in charcoal hole, on the one hand can be hindered control dichloro quinolinic acid and be absorbed and transported by tobacco root, on the other hand
Which is conducive to be decomposed and metabolism by edaphon.
The step（5）, the concentration of flue-cured tobacco foliage-spray gibberellin is 10-20 mg/kg, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 750-
1000 times of liquid, Mancozeb or zineb are 1000-1500 times of liquid.Sprayed every 5-7 days once, continuously spray 2-3 time.Not only
The poisoning of cigarette strain dichloro quinolinic acid herbicidal agent can be substantially eliminated or be alleviated, and Tobacco resistance can be improved and prevented the soil of tobacco
Pass tubers disease.
The present invention remarkable result be：
1st, be two chloroquine phosphoric acid class herbicide residues combined-repair method, be particularly well-suited to the rear stubble cigarette of Tobacco-rice rotation
Field；
2nd, while two chloroquine phosphoric acid class herbicide residues is cut down, preferably improvement effect can be played to vega soil
Really；
3rd, the common frdquently encountered diseases such as tobacco bacterial wilt and balck shank evil can be prevented and treated to a certain extent；
4th, the polytechnic application, can also improve the yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco；
5th, the technology is carried out with agronomic measures, with simple to operate, low cost, the characteristics of effect is good, is also applied for which
The degraded and elimination of his hormone-type herbicide residue.
Description of the drawings
In Fig. 1 case study on implementation 2, different reclamation activities process the impact to soil ph.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the field test of tobacco, the comprehensive repair technology to the two chloroquine phosphoric acid class herbicide residues of the present invention
Method carries out compliance test result.
Case study on implementation 1
By the pot experiment in warmhouse booth, add dichloro quinolinic acid（Soil content reaches 1.50 mg/kg）Afterwards, adopt
With different reclamation activities CK1（Addition dichloro quinolinic acid, the control do not repaired）、CK2（It is not added with the control of dichloro quinolinic acid）、
T1（The quick lime of addition 1% in soil）、T2（The straw biological charcoal of addition 1%）, T3（The straw biological of 1% quick lime+1%
Charcoal）, T4（Straw biological charcoal+foliage-spray the gibberellin of 1% quick lime+1%（10 mg/kg）, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and Mancozeb
Mixed liquor（1000 times of liquid）, interval sprays 2 times in 7 days).Economical character and biomass of the tobacco in the flat-top phase are investigated, and has been detected
Dichloro quinolinic acid residual quantity in soil.
Result of study shows, from economical character it can be seen that（Table 1）, different reclamation activities process the life for each contributing to tobacco
Long development, increased the leaf area of the plant height, leaves number and 3 leaf positions of cigarette strain, wherein with the effect of T4 process preferably, substantially
The level compareed without dichloro quinolinic acid is reached.Next to that T3 process.Also there is similar trend from the difference of biomass.Can
See that dichloro quinolinic acid seriously inhibits growing for the overground part and underground part of tobacco, and different reclamation activities be respectively provided with compared with
Good effect, wherein with the effect of the foliage-spray integrated treatment using quick lime, biological carbon and later stage in all reclamation activities
It is best（Table 2）.Additionally, the dichloro quinolinic acid residues detection result being sprayed in soil from the flat-top phase can be seen that（Table 3）, adopt
The dichloro quinolinic acid degradation rate that the T4 and T3 of comprehensive repair measure is processed in soil reaches more than 90%.
The economical character investigation of the top of table 1 phase cigarette strain
The each position dry weight status investigation of 2 flat-top phase of table cigarette strain
Two quinolinic acid residual contents in 3 flat-top phase of table different disposal soil
Case study on implementation 2
In the typical Tobacco-rice rotation area of Xuancheng Profile, anhui Province, the vega soil to dichloro quinolinic acid residual（Residual quantity is 0.25
mg/kg）, test is compared using this law and conventional method.4 process of test point：Do not repair（CK）, agronomy reparation（T1）,
Chemical redemption（T2）With method for comprehensive repairing of the present invention（T3）.Agronomy reparation drainage measure of being suned the earth which has been ploughed up using deep ploughing and poured water is entered
OK, chemical redemption is improved with reference to quick lime using charcoal, method for comprehensive repairing of the comprehensive repair using the present invention.Wherein deep plough
30 cm of middle tilling depth of sunning the earth which has been ploughed up, fills draining 2 times.Chemical restoration uniformly spreads fertilizer over the fields 1500 kg/hm of calcium lime powder using soil surface2,
1500 kg/hm of straw biological charcoal2；The improved method soil surface of the present invention applies with tea tree that in the ranks ditch spread combines, in the key of tobacco
The each residual quantity processed in soil of breeding time detection, the tobacco economical character of flat-top phase and economic characters etc..
Result of study shows：With growing for tobacco, all process are different degrees of to be reduced in vega soil
The dichloroquinoline acid content of residual, wherein with T3 effects preferably, next to that T2 process, after harvesting terminates, two chloroquine in soil
Acid residue moiety amount is under detection line（Table 1）.Simultaneously using the chemical redemption and comprehensive repair of vega dichloro quinolinic acid residual
After method, respectively the process flue-cured tobacco flat-top phase bacterial wilt incidence of disease and disease refer to（Table 2）.From the test flat-top
Phase tobacco economical character（Table 3）And the Major Economic of cured tobacco leaf（Table 4）As can be seen that different recovery techniques are processed and right
Photograph ratio, significantly promotes growing for tobacco, improves the ratio of the yield, the output value and better-than-average cigarette of tobacco, wherein
It is again best with the T3 treatment effects of comprehensive repair measure.Additionally, soil acidification is had concurrently using method for comprehensive repairing preferably changing
Good effect（Fig. 1）, the pH value 0.5-1 unit of acidified soil can be lifted.
1 different researchs of the reclamation activities to dichloro quinolinic acid degradation effect of table
The flue-cured tobacco flat-top phase bacterial wilt incidence of 2 different dichloroquinoline acid degradation repairing tests of table
The economical character of 3 different dichloroquinoline acid degradation repairing test flat-top phase flue-cured tobaccos of table
The Major Economic of 4 different dichloroquinoline acid degradation repairing test cured tobacco leafs of table
Above result of the test shows that the present invention can effectively clear up the dichloro quinolinic acid residual in soil, significantly improve cigarette
The growth and development state of grass, and have the effect of prevention tobacco bacterial wilt and improvement vega soil acidifying concurrently, and eventually through changing
Kind soil physical chemistry and tobacco plant nutrition situation, recover and improve the yield and quality of tobacco.
Claims (6)
1. in a kind of vega two chloroquine phosphoric acid class herbicide residues method for comprehensive repairing, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：
（1）After rice harves, soil sample sampling survey, dichloro quinolinic acid residual quantity in detection soil, if residual quantity are carried out first
Higher than 0.05 mg/kg, then in January December then to next year, deep ploughing is carried out when paddy field reaches suitable soil moisture content and turned over, only turned over not
Rake, ploughed depth are not less than 30cm, are then suned the earth which has been ploughed up；
（2）Transplant first 1 month in tobacco seedlings, carry out the field pipe-net of 1-2 time, make field face remain the deep water layer 5-7 of 3-5 cm
My god, then field excessive moisture is drained；
（3）Field it is anhydrous, ftracture and reach soil moisture content it is slightly dry when, spread fertilizer over the fields a certain amount of quick lime or dolomite dust in field face, then
Carry out machinery to mix and site preparation work, field harrow broken is raked；
（4）Before tobacco seedlings are transplanted, using straw biological charcoal or charcoal base fertilizer, then row replacement applies tobacco special again at ridge bottom
After fertilizer, and transplanted according to seedling film under type；
（5）Tobacco leaf enter to join the Youth League a phase or it is prosperous long-term when, if blade face just starts slight dichloroquinoline acidosis symptom, blade occur
When starting deformity in rat-tail shape, using foliage-spray gibberellin, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and Mancozeb or the mixed solution of zineb,
Spray blade face 2-3 time.
2. in a kind of vega as described in claim 1 two chloroquine phosphoric acid class herbicide residues method for comprehensive repairing, which is special
Levy and be：Step（1）Measure is turned in the deep ploughing of middle employing, and tilling depth is not less than 30 cm, and the time of sunning the earth which has been ploughed up was no less than 2 months.
3. in a kind of vega as described in claim 1 two chloroquine phosphoric acid class herbicide residues method for comprehensive repairing, which is special
Levy and be：Step（2）Middle irrigation period at least one moon before transplanting is carried out, and according to the herbicide residue order of severity, works as ＞
During 0.15 mg/kg of 0.05 mg/kg, ＜, frequency of irrigation 2 times is determined, as 0.15 mg/kg of ＞, determine frequency of irrigation 1-2 time,
Pour water and keep the water layer of 3-5 cm depths, maintain 5-7 days every time.
4. in a kind of vega as described in claim 1 two chloroquine phosphoric acid class herbicide residues method for comprehensive repairing, which is special
Levy and be：Step（3）Described in quick lime or dolomite dust fineness requirement cross 380 μm of aperture sieve, consumption is quick lime 750-
1500 kg/ hm2, dolomite dust is 1500-2250 kg/ hm2。
5. in a kind of vega as described in claim 1 two chloroquine phosphoric acid class herbicide residues method for comprehensive repairing, which is special
Levy and be：Step（4）Described in straw biological carbon feedstock source for paddy rice, wheat, corn, rape or tobacco stalk, Jing
The fixed charcoal processing flow process of high temperature anaerobic is made, and charcoal base fertilizer is also mainly made up with straw biological charcoal of primary raw material.
6. in a kind of vega as described in claim 1 two chloroquine phosphoric acid class herbicide residues method for comprehensive repairing, which is special
Levy and be：Step（5）Described in gibberellin, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and Mancozeb or zineb mixed liquor, its gibberellin
Concentration is 10-20 mg/kg, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 750-1000 times of liquid, and Mancozeb or zineb are 1000-1500 times of liquid, are sprayed
Apply and sprayed 1 time at intervals of 5-7 days, continuously spray 2-3 time.
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