CN104862294B - 一种β-琼胶酶及其应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明的目的是提供一种β‑琼胶酶,其氨基酸序列为SEQ ID NO:1;编码上述β‑琼胶酶的基因,其一种核苷酸序列为SEQ ID NO:2。本发明的β‑琼胶酶酶能够特异性地降解琼胶产生唯一的降解产物新琼二糖。本发明的大肠杆菌重组株YM01‑5/pET24a(+)、BL21(DE3)所表达的重组β‑琼胶酶,表达水平高,易于纯化,所以通过本发明可以大量生产重组β‑琼胶酶,成本低。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于功能基因筛选技术领域,具体涉及一种β-琼胶酶及其应用。
背景技术
琼胶广泛存在于江蓠、石花菜等红藻的细胞壁,是一种重要的海藻多糖。琼胶结构复杂,由1,3连接的β-D-半乳吡喃糖和1,4连接的3,6-内醚-α-L-半乳吡喃糖残基反复交替连接组成骨架,并包含硫酸基、甲基等取代基。琼胶酶是指一类能够降解琼胶,生成琼胶寡糖的糖苷水解酶,其主要来源是海洋细菌,少部分来源于陆地环境中的细菌和海洋软体动物。琼胶酶分类方式多样,根据琼胶酶降解琼脂糖时作用的糖苷键和产物的不同,琼胶酶可分为两大类:α-琼胶酶和β-琼胶酶。α-琼胶酶作用于琼脂糖的α-1,3糖苷键,生成琼寡糖;β-琼胶酶作用于β-1,4糖苷键,降解产物为新琼寡糖。根据序列相似性,β-琼胶酶通常被划分到四个糖苷水解酶家族(GH,GlucosideHydrolase):分别是GH16、GH50、GH86和GH118家族;而α-琼胶酶则属于GH96家族。根据作用方式不同,可以将琼胶酶分类为内切酶和外切酶。通常情况下,内切酶(大多数的GH16、GH86和GH118家族的琼胶酶)作用于多糖长链的内部,以较大聚合度的寡糖分子为降解的终产物;而外切酶(大多数的GH50家族的琼胶酶)作用于多糖或高聚合度寡糖的两端,产生低聚合度的寡糖或单糖供细胞进一步的降解利用,在多糖的降解过程中起重要作用。
琼胶酶降解琼胶所产生的琼胶寡糖具有多种生理活性,具有抑菌性,并且具有明显的抗肿瘤和免疫增强效应。新琼二糖对肠道菌群的生长还具有益生元效应。利用琼胶酶降解琼胶生产琼胶寡糖具有专一性和高效性、条件温和、产物易于回收等特点,是未来获取琼胶寡糖的主要方向。除此以外,利用琼胶酶降解琼脂糖凝胶回收胶条中的DNA或RNA、降解海藻细胞壁以制备原生质体、水解海藻多糖以分析多糖结构等,也是琼胶酶在分子生物学研究中的重要应用。由于能源危机和全球变暖等气候问题,生物乙醇作为一种可持续的生物燃料成为现在的研究热点。利用琼胶酶和α-新琼寡糖降解酶将结构复杂的琼胶多糖转化成单糖,再通过糖化作用和发酵作用将单糖转化为酒精。因此,将红藻高效地转化为生物酒精也是琼胶酶的一个重要应用。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种β-琼胶酶及其应用,从而弥补现有技术的不足。
本发明提供一种β-琼胶酶,包含有
1)氨基酸序列为SEQ ID NO:1的β-琼胶酶;
2)在1)进行取代、缺失、添加一个或几个氨基酸形成的,且具有1)中酶学性质的β-琼胶酶;
编码上述β-琼胶酶的基因,其一种核苷酸序列为SEQ ID NO:2;
本发明还提供一种重组大肠杆菌,转化有携带上述基因的表达质粒。
上述的重组大肠杆菌,为大肠杆菌YM01-5(Escherichia coli YM01-5),于2015年3月25日保藏于中国武汉武汉大学的中国典型培养物保藏中心,保藏编号为CCTCC NO:M2015164。
本发明的β-琼胶酶5用于制备新琼寡糖,例如新琼二糖。
本发明的β-琼胶酶酶能够特异性地降解琼胶产生唯一的降解产物——新琼二糖。本发明的大肠杆菌重组株YM01-5/pET24a(+)、BL21(DE3)所表达的重组β-琼胶酶,表达水平高,易于纯化,所以通过本发明可以大量生产重组β-琼胶酶,成本低。
附图说明
图1:薄层层析检测琼胶酶YM01-5的降解产物图,
图2:重组琼胶酶YM01-5降解产物(新琼二糖)的离子肼质谱图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实例对本发明的方法做进一步说明。
实施例1:β-琼胶酶基因YM01-5的获取
嗜琼胶卵链菌(Catenivulum agarivorans gen.nov.sp.nov.)YM01T由本实验室筛选、鉴定、保藏,通过对其全基因组进行测序分析得到15个琼胶酶基因及其基因序列,包括13个β-琼胶酶基因和2个α-琼胶酶基因,YM01-3是其中的一个β-琼胶酶基因。利用生物学软件Primer5.0设计上游引物(5’-GGATCCGATGAAATATCTAGATTACGGTTATAGCC-3’)和下游引物(5’-CCCTCGAGTTTGCTGTCAGCCTGCACTTG-3’)以基因组DNA为模板,进行PCR反应,PCR反应组成如下(10μl反应体系):ddH2O 10.5μl、上游和下游引物各0.5μl,DNA模板1μl、2×MasterMix 12.5μl。反应条件为:94℃预变性5min,94℃变性1min,64℃退火1min,72℃延伸1.5min,72℃终延伸10min,共30个循环。反应结束后,将PCR产物回收得到β-琼胶酶基因YM01-5,其具体核苷酸序列为SEQ ID NO:2,其翻译的酶的氨基酸序列为SEQ ID NO:1。YM01-5和来自于Cellvibrio sp.BR的agarase(WP_007640756.1)(相似度63%)、Glaciecola agarilytica的beta-agarase B(WP_008306471.1)(相似度59%),Thalassomonas agarivorans的beta-agarase(AGT98631.1)(相似度57%),Saccharophagus degradans 2-40的Exo-beta-agarase(4BQ2)(相似度58%),Alteromonassp.E-1的beta-agarase(BAE97587.1)(相似度62%)。上述结果表明本发明筛选得到了一个新型的β-琼胶酶基因。
实施例2:大肠杆菌表达载体YM01-5/pET24a(+)的构建
将PCR产物和表达载体pET24a(+)分别用BamH I和Xhol I双酶切,酶切体系(20μl)如下:
反应体系1:ddH2O 8μl,PCR产物8μl,BamH I1μl,Xhol I1μl,10×Buffer 2μl
37℃酶切1小时,电泳后分别回收两个目的片段2409bp和5.3Kb,二者分别与β-琼胶酶YM01-5基因全长片段和表达载体PET24a(+)片段大小相同,用DNALigation Kit连接,连接体系(10μl)如下:SolutionⅠ5μl,DNA片段1.5μl,pET24a(+)载体1.1μl,ddH2O 2.4μl。16℃连接16小时即可获得大肠杆菌表达载体YM01-5/pET24a(+),用于转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)。
实施例3:大肠杆菌重组株YM01-5/pET24a(+)/BL21(DE3)的构建
向200μlE.coliBL21感受态细胞中加入10μlYM01-5/pET24a(+)连接液,冰浴30min,42℃90s,冰浴2min,加入LB培养基800μl,37℃振荡培养1小时。菌液涂布于含有100μg/ml卡那霉素的LB平板上,37℃培养12-14h。挑取白色菌落提取质粒并做双酶切检测,酶切体系(10μl)如下:ddH2O 4μl,YM01-5/pET24a(+)质粒DNA 4μl,BamH I 0.5μl,Xhol I 0.5μl,10×Buffer 1μl。琼脂糖凝胶电泳中出现2409bp特异带者为阳性转化克隆。
实施例3:重组β-琼胶酶的制备
将重组表达工程菌YM01-5/pET24a(+)/BL21(DE3)接种至含有终浓度为100μg/ml的硫酸卡那霉素的LB液体培养基中,于37℃培养箱中150rpm振荡培养过夜。将过夜培养的菌液转接至新鲜LB液体培养基中,并加入终浓度相同的硫酸卡那霉素或者氨苄青霉素,于37℃培养箱中150rpm振荡培养,至细菌达到对数生长期,即OD600值在0.4~0.5之间。向菌液中加入终浓度为0.1mM的IPTG进行诱导表达,于16℃培养箱中150rpm振荡培养12-24h。将250ml发酵液中离心(4℃ 12,000rpm离心10min)获得的菌体用12.5ml的1×Ni柱结合缓冲液重悬。破碎菌体,离心收集上清。用灭菌后的0.22mm的滤器过滤收集的破碎上清,待用。将步骤1)中获得的破碎上清加入层析柱中,冰浴环境中水平震荡1h,并不断上下颠倒以便重组蛋白与Ni琼脂糖充分结合。用25ml的1×Ni柱洗涤缓冲液1(20mM Tris-HCl,pH8.0;20mM咪唑;0.5M NaCl;0.1%Tween X-100)洗涤,再用1×Ni柱洗涤缓冲液2(20mM Tris-HCl,pH8.0;50mM咪唑;0.5M NaCl)、1×Ni柱洗涤缓冲液3(20mM Tris-HCl,pH8.0;100mM咪唑;0.5M NaCl)、1×Ni柱洗涤缓冲液4各5ml(20mM Tris-HCl,pH8.0;150mM咪唑;0.5M NaCl)洗涤,用1×Ni柱洗涤缓冲液5(20mM Tris-HCl,pH8.0;250mM咪唑;0.5M NaCl)收集洗涤液。透析收集所得的样品,利用SDS-PAGE检测纯化所得的重组蛋白的纯度。用Bradford法测定目的蛋白的浓度,分装后将蛋白冻于-20℃保存以备用。
实施例4:重组β-琼胶酶活性检测及其酶学性质
取20μl纯化蛋白到2.5%的琼脂糖板上,将对照组同样处理。于37℃培养箱中正置3个小时后,加入卢戈氏碘液,30s后倒掉,然后用卢戈氏碘液染色,结果可在棕色背景上看到明显的透明圈,说明纯化的重组酶具有琼胶降解活性。用DNS试剂法测得此琼胶酶的酶学性质如下:
1、最适温度为37℃
2、温度稳定性:0℃-100℃下放置30min,琼胶酶YM01-5在0℃-37℃能保持80%以上的活性。
3、最适pH为9.0
4、pH稳定性:在pH6-10之间保持较高的pH稳定性,在该范围的pH缓冲液中放置12h后,YM01-5仍能保持80%以上的酶活力不同离子对酶活的影响:SDS、Ni2+对重组琼胶酶YM01-5有很强的抑制作用(>80%)。Na+、K+、和Urea在低浓度(1mM)下对重组琼胶酶的活力具有轻微的抑制作用,在高浓度(10mM)下具有明显的促进作用。Mg2+和Fe3+对YM01-5的活性具有促进作用,且随着浓度升高促进作用更加明显。除此以外,1mM的Cu2+和EDTA对重组琼胶酶YM01-5的活性具有促进作用,但是高浓度的Cu2+和EDTA(10mM)对其活性有抑制作用酶促动力学参数:Km=222.2mg/ml;Vmax=20.8U/mg
实施例5:表达产物用于制备新琼寡糖
在170μl琼脂糖溶液中(pH=8,浓度为0.25%)加入30μl重组琼胶酶酶液50℃温浴不同时间(5min,10min,15min,30min,1h,3h,6h,18h,24h)后离心,取上清、点样于薄层层析板,
,用风筒吹干,置于自制层析缸中展层。展开剂配方为正丁醇:冰乙酸:水=2:1:1(体积比)。待前沿线到达离层析板顶端1cm处时停止展层,烘箱中干燥。最后往层析板喷洒显色剂(2%二苯胺丙酮溶液5ml,2%苯胺丙酮溶液5ml,三氯乙酸5g),105℃烘箱中显色。此重组琼胶酶降解的琼脂糖的产物只有一种,且产物浓度随着时间的延长而增大,因此推测YM01-5是一种外切酶(见图1)。
使琼胶酶作用于20mM Tris-HCl缓冲液(pH 8.0)0.25%琼脂糖溶液24h。12000rpm离心10min获得上清,进行柱分离层析,获得反应产物,冻干后进行质谱分析,确定终产物为新琼二糖(见图2)。
Claims (2)
1.氨基酸序列为SEQ ID NO:1的β-琼胶酶在制备新琼寡糖中的应用。
2.如权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,所述的新琼寡糖为新琼二糖。
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