CN104850691B - A kind of structural member Crack Extension Forecasting Methodology based on multifactor fusion amendment - Google Patents

A kind of structural member Crack Extension Forecasting Methodology based on multifactor fusion amendment Download PDF

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CN104850691B
CN104850691B CN201510225325.4A CN201510225325A CN104850691B CN 104850691 B CN104850691 B CN 104850691B CN 201510225325 A CN201510225325 A CN 201510225325A CN 104850691 B CN104850691 B CN 104850691B
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structural member
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丁树庆
贾民平
朱林
冯月贵
胡静波
许飞云
胡建中
王会方
黄鹏
庆光蔚
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NANJING SPECIAL EQUIPMENT VESSEL SUPERVISORY INSTITUTE
Southeast University
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Southeast University
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Abstract

The present invention discloses a kind of structural member Crack Extension Forecasting Methodology based on multifactor fusion amendment.The many factors impacted to structural member Crack Extension are taken into account, measurement and amendment, stress ratio calculating, the calculating of Dimension correction parameter, surface including structural member initial crack shape characteristic, the stress intensity, residual stress of structural member crackle root manufacture selection of crudy corrected parameter etc., prediction result precision is set to be greatly improved, so as to realize that the accurate and effective of structural member Crack Extension is predicted.

Description

A kind of structural member Crack Extension Forecasting Methodology based on multifactor fusion amendment
Technical field
The invention belongs to mechanical detection field, especially a kind of structural member Crack Extension Forecasting Methodology.
Background technology
With the development of the society, large number quipments all develop towards the direction of maximization.It is small under the premise of such background Crack Damage will result in huge fracture loss, therefore the Crack Extension of equipment or component is predicted to grasp its expansion It is necessary and urgent to open up rule.The prediction theory of Crack Extension is a lot, but is often based purely on what these theories were predicted As a result precision is poor, and it is main reason is that there is many external factor to be impacted to prediction result.To structural member crackle It is many to extend the factor impacted, generally includes：Structural factor, stress ratio, mean stress, load type, manufacture processing because Element etc..The research being predicted to component Crack Extension information is a lot, but focuses mostly in the amendment by single factors to improve The precision of Crack Extension prediction result, to realize the accurate assessment of component running status and residual life, it is contemplated that factor mistake Less and can not realize it is multifactor under the conditions of while amendment caused by precision of prediction it is relatively low be that this current research field is present Common problem.
Therefore, it is necessary to a kind of new technical scheme is to solve the above problems.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome problems of the prior art, the invention provides one kind to provide structural member Crack Extension prediction essence The Forecasting Methodology of degree.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the present invention can adopt the following technical scheme that：
A kind of structural member Crack Extension Forecasting Methodology based on multifactor fusion amendment, this method comprise the following steps：
S1. the determination of structural member initial crack shape characteristic：
Structural member slit region is scanned by the means of reverse, and the initial of structural member is determined according to scan data Crack length, direction of check；
S2. the stress intensity of structural member crackle root calculates：
The threedimensional model of structural member is established, threedimensional model is modified with reference to S1 data, and uses finite element analysis Software carries out stress intensity analysis to revised model, to determine the stress distribution situation of component crackle root；
S3. the measurement and amendment of residual stress：
The residual stress of structural member crack tip is measured to obtain the distribution of the residual stress of crack tip, And measurement result is substituted into together with S2 result of calculation correction formula complete amendment obtain based on residual stress is revised should Power amplitude；
S4. the stress ratio based on segmenting principle calculates：
According to the non-regularity random load course under the actual condition of collection, stress ratio is calculated using segmentation principle；
S5. the calculating of Dimension correction parameter：
Dimension correction ginseng according to corresponding to S2 result of calculation and the distribution of the stress state of material sample calculate structural member Number；
S6. the selection of surface manufacture crudy corrected parameter：
Determine technology type, and the surface manufacture processing matter according to corresponding to selecting with structural member the case hardness of actual measurement Measure corrected parameter；
S7. the structural member predicting residual useful life based on multifactor amendment：
S1-S6 result of calculation is substituted into based on the structural member Crack Extension prediction algorithm of multifactor amendment to complete structure The prediction of part Crack Extension information.
Compared with prior art, the present invention can be by all many factors that can be impacted to structural member Crack Extension Take into account, and the drawbacks of Consideration existing for prior art is few, prediction can be effectively prevented from by aforesaid operations step As a result precision is greatly improved, so as to realize that the accurate and effective of structural member Crack Extension is predicted.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the FB(flow block) of structural member Crack Extension Forecasting Methodology of the present invention based on multifactor fusion amendment.
Fig. 2 is the FB(flow block) that structural member initial crack shape characteristic determines in the present invention.
Embodiment
Refer to shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the invention discloses a kind of structural member Crack Extension based on multifactor fusion amendment Forecasting Methodology.
This method comprises the following steps：
S1. the determination of component initial crack shape characteristic
Structural member slit region is scanned by the means of reverse, and determines that the initial of component is split according to scan data The crack morphology feature such as line length；
S2. the stress intensity of component crackle root calculates
The threedimensional model of analysis component is established according to drawing, scanned according to S1, handle after obtained slit region pattern weight Structure characteristic is modified to threedimensional model, and the three-dimensional modification model after foundation is imported into finite element software, pressed Mesh generation, constraint are set, load applies the pre-treatment that step completes component finite element analysis, and treating to use after pre-treatment has Finite element analysis software is analyzed its stress intensity, to obtain the distribution of the stress state of its crackle root area；
S3. the measurement and amendment of residual stress
The residual stress of entity component crackle root area is measured to obtain the residual stress corresponding to structural member Distribution, and measurement result is substituted into correction formula 1 together with S2 result of calculation and completes to correct；
σrFor based on the revised stress amplitude of residual stress；σmaxFor maximum stress；R is stress ratio；σbbIt is strong for tension Degree；σRFor corresponding analytic intensity；W is that rich stress sustained release puts sensitivity coefficient.
S4. the stress ratio based on segmenting principle calculates
According to the non-regularity random load course under the actual condition of collection, stress ratio is calculated using segmentation principle.
For a presence (ti,σi) corresponding relation loading spectrum for, its mean stress σmIt is represented by：
Wherein loading spectrum can be expressed as σi=f (ti), make f (t)=σm, can must correspond to mean stress σmTime point Measure tq(q=1,2,3......m).
Due to the cycle characteristics of load, two points are chosen successively on a timeline according to the time sequencing on loading spectrum, then (t is then formed after being segmented according to the cycle characteristics of loading spectrum to it0,t2), (t2,t4), (t5,t7).......It is being segmented At least have in data at 2 points so that σt>σmAnd σt+1<σm。
Wait again to solve stress ratio by formula 3 after being segmented
S5. the calculating of Dimension correction parameter
Stress state distribution situation substitution formula 4 corresponding to S2 result of calculation and material sample is calculated to the chi of structural member Very little corrected parameter；
Stress field function also can by under stress integration path in stress field certain point apart from maximum local stress root away from Represented from L (i), i.e.,
f(x1,x2)=A1+A2L(i)+A3L2(i)+A4L3(i) (5)
In formula, A1,A2,A3,A4And B1,B2,B3,B4Represent the coefficient in fitting function expression formula.As shown in formula (4), structure The ratio of part Dimension correction parameter stress field functional integration between structural member and reference standard sample.
S6. the selection of surface manufacture crudy corrected parameter
Determine main technology type according to manufacturing process card, and the data decimation such as case hardness according to actual measurement go out with Surface manufacture crudy corrected parameter corresponding to structural member；
Surface manufacture crudy corrected parameter corresponding to 1 common processing mode of table
S7. the structural member Crack Extension prediction based on multifactor amendment
On the basis of above-mentioned calculating process is completed, S1-S6 result of calculation is substituted into the structure based on multifactor amendment Part Crack Extension prediction algorithm formula 6 completes the prediction of structural member Crack Extension information.
Wherein σrFor based on the revised stress amplitude of residual stress；σmFor mean stress；σμFor the yield strength of material；A For for integration path lengths, integration direction is the extended line of crackle；L0For the initial length of crackle；L is the length after Crack Extension Degree；N is the working time of structural member；ε is Dimension correction parameter；β is surface quality corrected parameter；R is stress field path of integration Under arbitrfary point and location of maximum stress distance；M, C are the parameter relevant with material, stress ratio.
The present invention further technical scheme be：In described step S1, including process in detail below：
S1.1. the preparation before exemplar measurement and positioning on the table：The tool according to structural member is first had to before measurement Shape and measurement request make positioning analysis and arrangement to it, to meet optimal measurement effect, the data of acquisition is met The requirement of threedimensional model；
S1.2. start scanning system and obtain cloud data：After the positioning work of covering exemplar is completed, start to start 3D Optical scanning measuring system is scanned measurement work；
S1.3. the analyzing and processing of cloud data：The cloud data of acquisition is imported in reverse-engineering data processing software Row processing, including the split of cloud data, data are simplified, and to ensure to obtain optimal cloud data, can really reflect sample The geometry of part；
S1.4. the extraction in crack morphology region：The substantially pattern of structural member slit region is extracted, and is choosing more datum marks On the premise of segmentation sampling is carried out to corresponding slit region；
S1.5. the determination of crack morphology characteristic：According to the segmentation sampling result of three dimensional point cloud to crack morphology Feature is reconstructed, so as to obtain more accurate slit region shape characteristic.
The present invention further technical scheme be：In described step S3, including process in detail below：
S3.1 determines to need in structural member to carry out according to S2 result of calculation according to the tip region scope of Crack Extension The region of focus measurement residual stress；
S3.2 carries out electrobrightening to fixed region in S3.1.Polishing process is determined according to the actual conditions of structural member Optimum current and voltage arrange parameter, and complete using this optimal arrange parameter the polishing of structural member key area；
The S3.3 regions finished processed to S3.2 carry out the measurement of residual stress.Determined according to the actual conditions of structural member Optimum measurement method, gate time and peak location method during residual stress measurement, and it is complete using this optimal arrange parameter Into the test of the residual stress of structural member key area；
S3.4 carries out data statistics to S3.3 result to synthesize three-dimension parameter design distribution map, and obtained by analyzing Three-dimensional Stress Distribution result substitutes into correction formula to complete makeover process together with S2 analysis result.
In addition, the concrete methods of realizing and approach of the present invention are a lot, described above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, it can also do Go out some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.What is be not known in the present embodiment is each The available prior art of part is realized.

Claims (6)

  1. A kind of 1. structural member Crack Extension Forecasting Methodology based on multifactor fusion amendment, it is characterised in that：This method include with Lower step：
    S1. the determination of structural member initial crack shape characteristic：
    Structural member slit region is scanned by the means of reverse, and the initial crack of structural member is determined according to scan data Length, direction of check；
    S2. the stress intensity of structural member crackle root calculates：
    The threedimensional model of structural member is established, threedimensional model is modified with reference to S1 data, and uses finite element analysis software Stress intensity analysis is carried out to revised model, to determine the stress distribution situation of component crackle root；
    S3. the measurement and amendment of residual stress：
    The residual stress of structural member crack tip is measured to obtain the distribution of the residual stress of crack tip, and will Measurement result substitutes into correction formula completion amendment together with S2 result of calculation and obtains being based on the revised stress amplitude of residual stress Value；
    S4. the stress ratio based on segmenting principle calculates：
    According to the non-regularity random load course under the actual condition of collection, stress ratio is calculated using segmentation principle；
    S5. the calculating of Dimension correction parameter：
    Dimension correction parameter according to corresponding to S2 result of calculation and the distribution of the stress state of material sample calculate structural member；
    S6. the selection of surface manufacture crudy corrected parameter：
    Determine technology type, and the surface manufacture crudy according to corresponding to selecting with structural member the case hardness of actual measurement is repaiied Positive parameter；
    S7. the structural member predicting residual useful life based on multifactor amendment：
    S1-S6 result of calculation is substituted into the structural member Crack Extension prediction algorithm based on multifactor amendment to split to complete structural member Line extends the prediction of information；In described step S1, including process in detail below：
    S1.1. the preparation before structural member measurement and positioning on the table：First had to before measurement according to the specific of structural member Shape and measurement request make positioning analysis and arrangement to it, the data of acquisition is met the requirement of threedimensional model；
    S1.2. start scanning system and obtain cloud data：After the positioning work of structural member is completed, start to start 3D optical scanners Measuring system is scanned measurement work；
    S1.3. the analyzing and processing of cloud data：The cloud data of acquisition is imported in reverse-engineering data processing software and located Reason, including the split of cloud data, data are simplified, and are made the cloud data of acquisition, can really be reflected the geometry of exemplar；
    S1.4. the substantially pattern of structural member slit region is extracted, and to corresponding slit region on the premise of more datum marks are chosen Carry out segmentation sampling；
    S1.5. crackle shape characteristic is reconstructed according to the segmentation sampling result of three dimensional point cloud, splitting after being reconstructed Line area topographies feature.
  2. 2. the structural member Crack Extension Forecasting Methodology according to claim 1 based on multifactor fusion amendment, its feature exist In：In described step S3, including process in detail below：
    S3.1 determines to need in structural member to carry out emphasis according to S2 result of calculation according to the tip region scope of Crack Extension The region of measurement remnant stress；
    S3.2 carries out electrobrightening to fixed region in S3.1；The excellent of polishing process is determined according to the actual conditions of structural member Electric current and voltage arrange parameter are selected, and the polishing of parameter completion structural member crackle key area is preferably provided with using this；
    The S3.3 regions finished processed to S3.2 carry out the measurement of residual stress；Determined according to the actual conditions of structural member remaining Preferred measurement, gate time and peak location method during stress measurement, and parameter is preferably provided with using this and completes knot The test of the residual stress in member in critical region；
    S3.4 carries out data statistics to synthesize three-dimension parameter design distribution map to S3.3 result, and will analyze resulting three-dimensional Stress distribution result substitutes into correction formula to complete makeover process together with S2 analysis result.
  3. 3. the structural member Crack Extension Forecasting Methodology according to claim 1 based on multifactor fusion amendment, its feature exist In：
    In S3, the correction formula is
    <mrow> <msup> <mi>&amp;sigma;</mi> <mi>r</mi> </msup> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>&amp;sigma;</mi> <mi>R</mi> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mfrac> <msub> <mi>&amp;sigma;</mi> <mi>R</mi> </msub> <msub> <mi>&amp;sigma;</mi> <mrow> <mi>b</mi> <mi>b</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mfrac> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mfrac> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>+</mo> <mi>r</mi> <mo>)</mo> <mo>&amp;CenterDot;</mo> <msub> <mi>&amp;sigma;</mi> <mrow> <mi>m</mi> <mi>a</mi> <mi>x</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>&amp;sigma;</mi> <mi>R</mi> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>-</mo> <mi>w</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>&amp;CenterDot;</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>+</mo> <mi>r</mi> <mo>)</mo> <mo>&amp;CenterDot;</mo> <msub> <mi>&amp;sigma;</mi> <mrow> <mi>m</mi> <mi>a</mi> <mi>x</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> </mrow>
    σrFor based on the revised stress amplitude of residual stress；σmaxFor maximum stress；R is stress ratio；σbbFor tensile strength；σRFor Corresponding analytic intensity；W is that rich stress sustained release puts sensitivity coefficient.
  4. 4. the structural member Crack Extension Forecasting Methodology according to claim 1 based on multifactor fusion amendment, its feature exist In：
    In S4, use segmentation principle calculate the method for stress ratio for：
    For a presence (ti,σi) corresponding relation loading spectrum for, its mean stress σmIt is represented by：
    <mrow> <msub> <mi>&amp;sigma;</mi> <mi>m</mi> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <mi>&amp;sigma;</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>&amp;sigma;</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mo>...</mo> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>&amp;sigma;</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msub> </mrow> <mi>n</mi> </mfrac> </mrow>
    Wherein loading spectrum is expressed as σi=f (ti), make f (t)=σm, can must correspond to mean stress σmTime component tq, wherein q =1,2,3......m；
    Due to the cycle characteristics of load, two points are chosen successively on a timeline according to the time sequencing on loading spectrum, then basis The cycle characteristics of loading spectrum then forms (t after being segmented to it0,t2), (t2,t4), (t5,t7)......；I.e. in segment data In at least exist 2 points so that σt>σmAnd σt+1<σm；
    Wait to obtain stress ratio r after being segmented
    <mrow> <mi>r</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <msubsup> <mi>&amp;sigma;</mi> <mi>min</mi> <mo>&amp;prime;</mo> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mi>&amp;sigma;</mi> <mi>max</mi> <mo>&amp;prime;</mo> </msubsup> </mfrac> <mo>.</mo> </mrow>
  5. 5. the structural member Crack Extension Forecasting Methodology according to claim 1 based on multifactor fusion amendment, its feature exist In：
    Dimension correction parameter in S5 is
    <mrow> <mi>&amp;epsiv;</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <munderover> <mo>&amp;Integral;</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mi>L</mi> </munderover> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>B</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>B</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <msup> <mi>L</mi> <mo>&amp;prime;</mo> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>B</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> <msup> <mi>L</mi> <mrow> <mo>&amp;prime;</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>B</mi> <mn>4</mn> </msub> <msup> <mi>L</mi> <mrow> <mo>&amp;prime;</mo> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <msup> <mi>dL</mi> <mo>&amp;prime;</mo> </msup> </mrow> <mrow> <munderover> <mo>&amp;Integral;</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mi>L</mi> </munderover> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>A</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>A</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mi>L</mi> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>A</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msub> <msup> <mi>L</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>A</mi> <mn>4</mn> </msub> <msup> <mi>L</mi> <mn>3</mn> </msup> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mi>L</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow>
    The ratio of structural member Dimension correction parameter stress field functional integration between structural member and reference standard sample；
    Stress field function also can be by certain point under stress integration path in stress field apart from the distance L of maximum local stress root (i) represent, i.e.,
    f(x1,x2)=A1+A2L(i)+A3L2(i)+A4L3(i)
    In formula, A1,A2,A3,A4And B1,B2,B3,B4Represent the coefficient in fitting function expression formula.
  6. 6. the structural member Crack Extension Forecasting Methodology according to claim 1 based on multifactor fusion amendment, its feature exist In：
    The prediction of structural member Crack Extension information is obtained by following formula
    <mrow> <msup> <mi>&amp;sigma;</mi> <mi>r</mi> </msup> <mo>&amp;CenterDot;</mo> <mo>&amp;lsqb;</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>-</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>&amp;sigma;</mi> <mi>m</mi> </msub> <mo>/</mo> <msub> <mi>&amp;sigma;</mi> <mi>u</mi> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>&amp;rsqb;</mo> <mo>&amp;CenterDot;</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mfrac> <mi>C</mi> <mi>N</mi> </mfrac> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>-</mo> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mi>m</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> </msup> <mo>&amp;CenterDot;</mo> <mi>&amp;epsiv;</mi> <mo>&amp;CenterDot;</mo> <mi>&amp;beta;</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>A</mi> <mo>/</mo> <msubsup> <mo>&amp;Integral;</mo> <mn>0</mn> <mi>A</mi> </msubsup> <mfrac> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>L</mi> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <mi>R</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <msqrt> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>L</mi> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>L</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mi>R</mi> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mi>R</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> </msqrt> </mfrac> <mo>&amp;CenterDot;</mo> <mi>d</mi> <mi>R</mi> </mrow>
    Wherein σrFor based on the revised stress amplitude of residual stress；σmFor mean stress；σμFor the yield strength of material；A be for Integration path lengths, integration direction are the extended line of crackle；L0For the initial length of crackle；L is the length after Crack Extension；N For the working time of structural member；ε is Dimension correction parameter；β is surface quality corrected parameter；R is under stress field path of integration Arbitrfary point and the distance of location of maximum stress；M, C are the parameter relevant with material, stress ratio.
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